Borisoglebsk (russian: Борисогле́бск) is a
town in
Voronezh Oblast,
Russia, located on the left bank of the
Vorona River near its
confluence
In geography, a confluence (also: ''conflux'') occurs where two or more flowing bodies of water join to form a single channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); o ...
with the
Khopyor
The Khopyor (, also transliterated as Khoper) is a river in European Russia, the biggest left tributary of the river Don.[ ...]
. Population: 65,000 (1969).
History
Borisoglebsk was founded in 1646 and was named for the Russian saints
Boris and Gleb, the first saints
canonized in
Kievan Rus' after the
Christianization of the country.
In the late 19th century and the early 20th century Borisoglebsk developed into a busy
inland port due to its geographic location within the highly fertile
Central Black Earth Region.
Barges transported good such as
grain
A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legum ...
,
timber,
kerosene, fish, eggs,
watermelon from the region to large cities in western and central Russia connected to Borisoglebsk by waterways such as
St. Petersburg,
Moscow,
Rostov,
Taganrog, and
Tsaritsyn. In 1870, a brewer plant opened in the town, producing
dark beer and
light beer, as well as fruit
soda. The brewery has survived and continues to produce beer. According to the 1885 census, the population of Borisoglebsk featured 13,007 inhabitants (6,325 males and 6,682 females), almost exclusively
Russian Orthodox. In the early 20th century there was a mixed-sex
gymnasium in the town, with 4 female classes and 6 male classes, and a technical
railway school.
In January 1906, revolutionary
Maria Spiridonova assassinated G. N. Luzhenovsky at the Borisoglebsk railway station. After the
Bolsheviks came to power in Borisoglebsk in 1918, one of the first
concentration camps in Russia for "alien and petty-bourgeois elements" was organized in the town. In December 1922, Borisoglebsk was created 2nd Military School Red Air Force pilots which became later, the renowned Borisoglebsk Higher Military Order of the Red Banner of Lenin School for Pilots Chkalov.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with twenty-four
rural localities, incorporated as Borisoglebsky
Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
districts
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
.
[Law #87-OZ] As a
municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban okrug status.
[Law #63-OZ]
Military
The town is host to
Borisoglebsk air base.
Notable people
*
Ivan Fioletov,
Bolshevik revolutionary and one of the
26 Baku Commissars
The 26 Baku Commissars were Bolshevik and Left Socialist Revolutionary (SR) members of the Baku Commune. The commune was established in the city of Baku, which was then the capital of the briefly independent Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and ...
.
*
Mitrofan Nedelin, military commander and Chief Marshal of the Artillery, namesake of the
Nedelin catastrophe
The Nedelin catastrophe or Nedelin disaster was a launch pad accident that occurred on 24 October 1960 at Baikonur test range (of which Baikonur Cosmodrome is a part), during the development of the Soviet R-16 (missile), R-16 Intercontinental ...
.
Twin town
*
Delmenhorst,
Germany
*
Blansko ,
Czech Republic
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
External links
Official website of BorisoglebskBorisoglebsk Business Directory
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Voronezh Oblast
Borisoglebsky Uyezd (Tambov Governorate)