Boris Şyhmyradow

Boris Orazovich Shikhmuradov ( Turkmen: Boris Orazowiç Şyhmyradow; Russian: Бори́с Ора́зович Шихмура́дов, born 25 May 1949Profile for Şyhmyradow
, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.) was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan from 1995 to 2000. He was sentenced to life imprisonment after he was convicted of participation in a plot against Turkmen President Saparmurat Niyazov in 2002. Little is known about his life in prison, and it is unknown whether he remains alive.

Biography

Early life and diplomatic career

Şyhmyradow was born in Ashgabat to an Armenian mother and Turkmen father. Beginning in 1971, he worked in the Soviet embassies to Pakistan and India. After Turkmenistan gained independence, in 1992 he became Deputy Foreign Minister and then First Deputy Foreign Minister; he also became Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers in the same year. He became Foreign Minister in 1995 and served in that position for five years. He subsequently became a Special Envoy dealing with Caspian Sea affairs and the normalization of the situation in Afghanistan in June 2000. He served in that post until March 2001, when he became Turkmenistan's Ambassador to the People's Republic of China. He remained in the latter position until November 2001, when he announced his opposition to President Niyazov.

Assassination plot

Following an alleged assassination attempt against Niyazov on 25 November 2002, Şyhmyradow was arrested in Ashgabat (he had previously been in exile in Russia) on 25 December 2002. It was alleged that, as part of the plot, he had entered Turkmenistan from Uzbekistan prior to the attempt on Niyazov's life, and that, after it failed, he had taken refuge in the Uzbek embassy from 26 November to 7 December. Subsequently, according to Şyhmyradow's confession, he stayed in a friend's apartment until he was captured. This confession was shown on television; in it, he said “We are a criminal gang, a mafia. There is not a single normal person among us. We are all nonentities. I’m not a person who is able to rule the state, but on the contrary, a criminal who can only destroy the state ... While living in Russia, we were involved in drug use and, intoxicated, we recruited mercenaries to commit the terrorist act. Our task was to destabilize the situation in Turkmenistan, undermine the constitutional system and attempt to assassinate the president”, and he also praised Niyazov very highly. Some suspected that torture was used to obtain the confession. On December 30, Şyhmyradow was sentenced to 25 years in prison, the maximum possible punishment; however, the People's Council amended the criminal code shortly thereafter to enable life sentences for traitors, and Şyhmyradow's sentence was accordingly changed.Alec Rasizade
"Turkmenbashi and his Turkmenistan"
''Contemporary Review'', October 1, 2003.

Major Begenç Beknazarow, who is a nephew of Şyhmyradow, was also imprisoned in connection with the attempt on Niyazov's life.

Whereabouts

Following Niyazov's death in December 2006, his successor, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, was asked about the fates of Şyhmyradow and alleged co-conspirator Batyr Berdiýew at a visit to Columbia University in September 2007. Berdimuhamedow said that he thought they were still alive. He also mentioned the ''Gadyr Gijesi'' ("Night of Forgiveness"), an October occasion that is customarily marked by the release of prisoners, leading to speculation that Şyhmyradow might be released. On the occasion, Şyhmyradow's wife and nephew were released on 8 October 2007, but Şyhmyradow himself was not.

Nothing has been heard of Şyhmyradow since 2007; it is thought that he is still imprisoned or that he may have died in prison.

In 2014, UN Human Rights Committee found Syhmyradow's rights to life and to fair trial to have been violated.Communication No. 2069/2011. Views adopted by the Committee at its 112th session(7–31 October 2014)
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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Syhmyradow, Boris
1949 births
Ambassadors of Turkmenistan to China
Foreign ministers of Turkmenistan
United Nations Human Rights Committee case law
Possibly living people
People from Ashgabat
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan people of Armenian descent
Turkmenistan prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment