''Boehmeria'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of 47

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriat ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants t ...

s in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by thei ...

and 14 to the

New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. ...

; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include

herbaceous Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition o ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widel ...

shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from tree ...

s and small

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...

s. Although related to the similar-looking species of the stinging nettles of genus ''

Urtica ''Urtica'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Urticaceae. Many species have stinging hairs and may be called nettles or stinging nettles, although the latter name applies particularly to '' Urtica dioica''. ''Urtica'' species are food ...

'', species of ''Boehmeria'' do not have stinging hairs. Because of the similarity in appearance, some species are commonly called "false nettles". This genus is named in honor of the German botanist,

Georg Rudolf Boehmer Georg Rudolf Boehmer (German: Böhmer) (1 October 1723 – 4 April 1803) was a German botanist and physician born in Liegnitz. He studied botany at the University of Leipzig under Christian Gottlieb Ludwig (1709–1773). In 1752, he succeeded Abr ...

Fossil record

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

fruits of †''Boehmeria sibirica'' have been extracted from borehole samples of the

Middle Miocene The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene. The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma (million ...

fresh water deposits in Nowy Sacz Basin, West Carpathians,

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

Cultivation and uses

One species, ramie (''Boehmeria nivea'') is an important

fibre Fiber or fibre (from la, fibra, links=no) is a natural or artificial substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate ...

crop A crop is a plant that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence. When the plants of the same kind are cultivated at one place on a large scale, it is called a crop. Most crops are cultivated in agriculture or hydropon ...

. Some are also used as

ornamental plant Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars that ...

s. ''Boehmeria'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 families and 46 superfamilies, 10 percent of the total described speci ...

species including '' Bedellia boehmeriella'', which feeds exclusively on ''B. grandis''.

Species

New World species

The following species are found in the New World: *'' Boehmeria aspera'' Wedd. 1856 *''

Boehmeria brevirostris ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Wedd. 1854 *''

Boehmeria bullata ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Kunth 1817 ** subsp. ''bullata'' Kunth 1817 ** subsp. ''coriacea'' (Killip) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996 ** subsp. ''notobullata'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996 *''

Boehmeria caudata ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Sw. 1788 *'' Boehmeria celtidifolia'' Kunth 1817 *''

Boehmeria cylindrica ''Boehmeria cylindrica'', with common names false nettle and bog hemp, is an herb in the family Urticaceae. It is widespread in eastern North America and the Great Plains from New Brunswick to Florida to Texas to Nebraska, with scattered repor ...

'' (L.) Sw. 1788 *'' Boehmeria dolichostachys'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996 *'' Boehmeria excelsa'' (Bertero ex Steud.) Wedd. 1854 *'' Boehmeria pavonii'' Wedd. 1854 *'' Boehmeria radiata'' Burger 1975 *''

Boehmeria ramiflora ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Jacq. 1760 *'' Boehmeria repens'' (Griseb.) Wedd. 1869 *''

Boehmeria ulmifolia ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Wedd. 1854

Old World species

The following species are found in the Old World: *''

Boehmeria beyeri ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' C. B. Rob. 1911 *'' Boehmeria clidemioides'' Miq. 1851 ** var. ''clidemioides'' Miq. 1851 ** var. ''diffusa'' (Wedd.) Hand.-Mazz. 1929 ** var. ''umbrosa'' Hand.-Mazz. 1929 *''

Boehmeria conica ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' C.J.Chen, Wilmot-Dear & Friis 2003 *''

Boehmeria densiflora ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Hook. & Arn. 1838 ** var. ''boninensis'' (Nakai) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''densiflora'' Hook. & Arn. 1838 *'' Boehmeria depauperata'' Wedd. 1854 *'' Boehmeria didymogyne'' Wedd. 1869 *'' Boehmeria grandis'' (Hook. & Arn.) A.Heller 1897 *''

Boehmeria hamiltoniana ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Wedd. 1856 *'' Boehmeria helferi'' Blume 1857 *'' Boehmeria heterophylla'' Wedd. 1856 ** var. ''blumei'' (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''heterophylla'' Wedd. 1856 *'' Boehmeria holosericea'' Blume 1857 *'' Boehmeria japonica'' (L.f.) Miq. 1867 ** var. ''japonica'' (L.f.) Miq. 1867 ** var. ''silvestrii'' (Pamp.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''tenera'' (Blume) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 *''

Boehmeria kurzii ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Hook.f. 1888 *'' Boehmeria lanceolata'' Ridl. 1911, nec 1910 *'' Boehmeria leptostachya'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010 *''

Boehmeria listeri ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010 *'' Boehmeria manipurensis'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010 *'' Boehmeria multiflora'' C.B.Rob. 1908 *'' Boehmeria nivea'' (L.) Hook f. & Arn. 1837 *'' Boehmeria ourantha'' Miq. 1851 *''

Boehmeria penduliflora ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Wedd. ex D.G.Long 1982 *'' Boehmeria pilosiuscula'' (Blume) Hassk. 1844 ** var. ''pilosiuscula'' (Blume) Hassk. 1844 ** var. ''suffruticosa'' Acharya, Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 *'' Boehmeria polystachya'' Wedd. 1856 *'' Boehmeria rugosissima'' (Blume) Miq. 1851 *'' Boehmeria sieboldiana'' Blume 1857 ** var. ''sieboldiana'' Blume 1857 ** var. ''fuzhouensis'' (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 *'' Boehmeria siamensis'' Craib 1916 *'' Boehmeria splitgerbera'' Koidz. 1926 *'' Boehmeria subintegra'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010 *'' Boehmeria ternifolia'' D.Don 1825 ** var. ''ternifolia'' D.Don 1825 ** var. ''kamley'' (Acharya & Yonek.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 *''

Boehmeria tsaratananensis ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include h ...

'' Leandri 1950 *''

Boehmeria virgata ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837 ** subsp. ''virgata'' (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837 ** var. ''virgata'' (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837 ** var. ''velutina'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''maxima'' Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''austroqueenslandica'' (Domin) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** subsp. ''macrophylla'' (Hornem.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''macrophylla'' (Hornem.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''molliuscula'' (Blume) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''tomentosa'' (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''macrostachya'' (Wight) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''longissima'' (Hook.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''canescens'' (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''rotundifolia'' (D.Don) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''minuticymosa'' Acharya, Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''scabrella'' (Roxb.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''sumatrana'' (Miq.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''densiglomerata'' (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 ** var. ''strigosa'' (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013 *''

Boehmeria yaeyamensis ''Boehmeria'' is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include ...

'' Hatus. 1979 *'' Boehmeria zollingeriana'' Wedd. 1854 ** var. ''podocarpa'' (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang & C.J.Chen 2003 ** var. ''zollingeriana'' Wedd. 1854

Synonyms

The following names have been synonymized: *'' Boehmeria calophleba'' C. Moore & F. Muell. 1872 is a synonym of '' Pouzolzia australis'' (Endl.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2004. *'' Boehmeria glomerulifera'' Miq. 1854 is a synonym of '' Boehmeria depauperata'' Wedd. 1854. *''

Boehmeria jamaicensis ''Boehmeria jamaicensis'' is a species of plant in the family Urticaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles ...

'' Urb. 1907 is a synonym of ''

'' Jacq. 1760. *'' Boehmeria macrophylla'' Hornem. 1815 is a synonym of ''

'' (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837. *''

Boehmeria platyphylla ''Boehmeria platyphylla'' is a species of false nettle in the family Urticaceae The Urticaceae are a family, the nettle family, of flowering plants. The family name comes from the genus ''Urtica''. The Urticaceae include a number of well-kno ...

'' Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don 1825 is a synonym of ''

'' (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2130176 Urticaceae genera Taxa named by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin