Binpur I is a

community development block In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...

that forms an administrative division in

Jhargram subdivision Jhargram Sadar Subdivision is an administrative Subdivision (till now only Subdivision) of the Jhargram district in the state of West Bengal, India. It became part of the Jhargram district from 4 April 2017 after splitting from the Paschim Medin ...

Jhargram district Jhargram is a district in the state of West Bengal, India.The district lies between the Kangsabati River in the north and the Subarnarekha in the south. Jhargram has one of the lowest population densities among the districts of West Bengal, ...

in the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...

History

Lalgarh movement

The Lalgarh movement started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on

Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee also known as Buddha Babu (born 1 March 1944) is an Indian Communist politician and a former member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He served as the 7th Chief Minister of West Bengal from 20 ...

, then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed. The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI(M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of

CRPF The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is a federal police organisation in India under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) of the Government of India. It is one among the Central Armed Police F ...

and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the 2011 state assembly elections and change of government in West Bengal. The death of

Kishenji Mallojula Koteswara Rao (26 November 1954 – 24 November 2011), commonly known by his ''nom de guerre'' Kishenji (), was an Indian political leader who was a Politburo and Central Military Commission member of the Communist Party of India (Ma ...

, the

Maoist Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Ch ...

commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark. From 2009 Maoist violence had rapidly spread across eleven western CD blocks of the district: Binpur I, Binpur II, Salboni, Grahbeta II, Jamboni, Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Gopiballavpur I, Gopiballavpur II, Sankrail and Nayagram.

Netai killings

Indiscriminate firing allegedly from a CPI (M) activist's house killed 9 people in Netai village on 7 January 2011. As of 2016, the case is sub-judice.

Red corridor

106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being part of Left Wing Extremism activities, constitute the

Red corridor The red corridor, also called the red zone, is the region in the eastern, central and the southern parts of India where the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency has the strongest presence. It has been steadily diminishing in terms of geographical cove ...

. In West Bengal the districts of Paschim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there has been no reported incidents of

related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years. In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.

Geography

The

Chota Nagpur Plateau The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the bas ...

gradually slopes down creating an undulating area with infertile laterite rocks/ soil. In Binpur I CD block 70% of the cultivated area has

lateritic Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by ...

soil and 30% has

alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...

soil. Binpur I CD block is drought prone with a particularly severe drought situation. Lalgarh is located at . Binpur I CD block is bounded by

Sarenga Sarenga is a census town in Sankrail CD Block of Howrah Sadar subdivision in Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration. Geography Sarenga is located at . It has an average elevation of . ...

CD block in Bankura district in the north,

Garhbeta II Garhbeta II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Medinipur Sadar subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History Red corridor 106 districts spanning 10 states across Ind ...

, Salboni and Midnapore Sadar CD blocks in the east,

Jhargram Jhargram is a city and a municipality in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Jhargram district. It is a popular tourist destination known for its forests, ancient temples and royal palaces. Geography Location Jhargr ...

and

Jamboni Jamboni (also spelled Jambani) is a village and a gram panchayat in the Jamboni CD block in the Jhargram subdivision of the Jhargram district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Jamboni is located at . Area overview Jhar ...

CD blocks in the south and Binpur II CD block in the west. It is located 39 km from

Midnapore Medinipur or Midnapore (Pron: med̪iːniːpur) is a city known for its history in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the West Medinipur district. It is situated on the banks of the Kangsabati River (variously known as '' ...

, the district headquarters. Binpur I CD block has an area of 357.62 km². It has 1 panchayat samity, 10

gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...

s, 115 gram sansads (village councils), 553

mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...

s and 427 inhabited villages.

Lalgarh Lalgarh is a small town and a gram panchayat in the Binpur I Community development blocks in India, CD block under the Jhargram subdivision of the Jhargram district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of West Bengal. Lalgrah ca ...

police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at

. Binpur I CD block had a forest cover of 8,240 hectares, against a total geographical area of 36,243 hectares in 2005–06.

Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...

s of Binpur I block/ panchayat samiti are: Andharia, Belatikri,

Binpur Binpur is a village in the Binpur I CD block in the Jhargram subdivision of the Jhargram district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Binpur is located at . Area overview Jhargram subdivision, the only one in Jhargram di ...

, Boita,

Dahijuri Dahijuri is a village and a gram panchayat in the Binpur I CD block in the Jhargram subdivision of the Jhargram district in the state of West Bengal, India. Socio-political turmoil Dahijuri was a centre of violent Maoist activity during the ...

, Dharampur,

, Nepuria, Ramgarh and

Sijua Sijua is a neighbourhood in Dhanbad in Dhanbad Sadar subdivision of Dhanbad district in Jharkhand state, India. Geography Location Sijua is located at . It has an average elevation of 181 metres (593 feet). Note: The map alongsi ...

Demographics

Population

According to the

2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...

Binpur I CD block had a total population of 156,153, all of which were rural. There were 78,929 (51%) males and 77,224 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 18,854.

Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 39,064 (25.02%) and

Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 43,962 (28.15%). According to the 2001 census, Binpur I block had a total population of 139,136, out of which 71,072 were males and 68,064 were females. Binpur I block registered a population growth of 13.86 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent. Large village (with 4,000+ population) in Binpur I CD block is (2011 census figure in brackets):

(4,433). Other villages in Binpur I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets):

(1,842), Andharia (751),

(2,263), Ramgarh (3,734), Netai (1,946), Baita (199), Bila Tikri (2,564),

(3,237) and Dharampur (712).

Literacy

According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Binpur I CD block was 95,753 (69.74% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 55,228 (79.72% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 40,525 (59.58% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 20.14%. See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

According to the ''District Census Handbook, Paschim Medinipur, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.5% of the population of Paschim Medinipur district, followed by Santali (4.6%),

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

(1.4%), Kurmali Thar (0.7%),

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...

(0.6%),

Odia Odia, also spelled Oriya or Odiya, may refer to: * Odia people in Odisha, India * Odia language, an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family * Odia alphabet, a writing system used for the Odia languag ...

(0.4%), Mundari (0.2%), Koda/ Kora (0.1%), Munda (0.1%) and Nepali (0.1%). There were people, forming lesser proportion of population, having other languages as mother-tongue. People with other mother-tongues formed 0.7% of the population. There is a tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. Santali is spoken by 55.93% of the tribal population of the district. The Bhumij, forming 11.16% of the tribal population, speak Bhumij and the

Mundas The Munda people are an Austroasiatic speaking ethnic group of India. They predominantly speak the Mundari language as their native language, which belongs to the Munda subgroup of Austroasiatic languages. The Munda are found mainly concent ...

, forming 6.10% of the population, speak Mundari. Other small groups include Koras and Mahalis. The Lodhas, forming 3.85% of the tribal population, the only primitive tribe in the district, speak Lodhi. According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws. The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018. However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level. In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 120,976 and formed 77.47% of the population in Binpur I CD block. Muslims numbered 6,073 and formed 3.89% of the population. Others numbered 29,104 and formed 18.64% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria, Christians and other religious communities.

BPL families

In Binpur I CD block 47.46% families were living

below poverty line Below Poverty Line is a benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from s ...

in 2007. According to the District

Human Development Report The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual Human Development Index report published by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The first HDR was launched in 1990 by the Pakistani economist ...

of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).

Economy

Infrastructure

423 or 76% of mouzas in Binpur I CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014. 427 mouzas in Binpur I CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013–14. There were 34 fertiliser depots, 24 seed stores and 52 fair price shops in the CD block.

Agriculture

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of

bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...

s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following

land reforms Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...

land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Binpur I CD block could be classified as follows:

s 3.82%, patta (document) holders 23.62%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.65%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 23.37% and agricultural labourers 46.54%. In 2005-06 net cropped area in Binpur I CD block was 36,243 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 15,377 hectares. The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy. In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Binpur I CD block was 8,340 hectares, out of which 500 by canal water, 350 hectares by tank water, 570 hectares by deep tube wells, 5,800 by shallow tube wells, 60 hectares by river lift irrigation, 260 hectares by open dug wells and 800 hectares by other methods. In 2013–14, Binpur I CD block produced 132,024 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 42,145 hectares, 154 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop)from 66 hectares, 2,484 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 738 hectares, 1,151 tonnes of wheat from 400 hectares and 9,371 tonnes of potatoes from 571 hectares. It also produced maskalai, mustard and til. The production of Aman paddy was the highest amongst all the CD blocks in the district.

Banking

In 2013–14, Binpur I CD block had offices of 10 commercial banks and 1 gramin bank.

Transport

Binpur I CD block has 6 ferry services and 15 originating/ terminating bus routes. The block headquarters are 42 km from nearest railway station.

Education

In 2013–14, Binpur I CD block had 137 primary schools with 9,247 students, 20 middle schools with 1,679 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 16,020 students. Binpur I CD block had 510 institutions for special and non-formal education with 10,896 students. The

United Nations Development Programme The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)french: Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human dev ...

considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Binpur I CD block out of the total 137 primary schools in 2008–2009, 67 had pucca buildings, 15 partially pucca, 1 kacha and 54 multiple type.

Lalgarh Government College Lalgarh Government College, established in 2014, is the government-funded college in Jhargram district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to Vidyasagar University Vidyasagar University was established by an Act of ...

was established in 2014 at

. It is affiliated to

Vidyasagar University Vidyasagar University was established by an Act of the West Bengal legislature which was notified in the ''Calcutta Gazette'' on 24 June 1981. It is an affiliating university in Paschim Medinipur district of southern West Bengal, India. It o ...

. It offers honours courses in Bengali, Santali, English, Sanskrit, history, philosophy, political science and sociology, and general courses in BA and BSc (Bio Science).

Healthcare

In 2014, Binpur I CD block had 1 rural hospital and 5 primary health centres with total 96 beds and 9 doctors. It had 33 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 7,066 patients were treated indoor and 121,258 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block. Binpur Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at

, is the major government medical facility in the Binpur I CD block. There is a primary health centre at: Laghata (PO Nachipore) (with 4 beds).

References

External links

* - includes information about Kankrajhore Forest and Tarafeny Barrage {{Jhargram district topics Community development blocks in Jhargram district