Bharavi

Bharavi () was a 6th century Indian poet known for his epic poem ''Kirātārjunīya'', one of the six ''mahakavyas'' in classical Sanskrit.

Time and place

As with most Sanskrit poets, very few concrete details are available about Bharavi's life, and inferences must be made from references to him. His name, along with great poet and dramatist in the Sanskrit language Kālidāsa's name, is mentioned in a Chalukya stone inscription dated 634 C.E. found at Aihole, located in present day Karnataka. In another inscription, the king Durvinita of the Western Ganga Dynasty mentions having written a commentary on the fifteenth canto of Bharavi's Kirātārjunīya. The Western Ganga Dynasty ruled from about the middle of the fourth century, and Durvinita is usually believed to have lived in the later half of the sixth century.

The poet Daṇḍin, who was born during the seventh century, reports that his great-grandfather was a friend of Bharavi and was introduced by him to a king Viṣṇuvardhana, before receiving patronage from Durvinita of the Western Ganga Dynasty and Simhavishnu of the Pallava dynasty. This is unlikely to be Kubja Vishnuvardhana (624–641 CE) and is more likely to be Yasodharman Vishnuvardhana, placing Bharavi's floruit in .

Bharavi belonged to Southern India. "Bharavi" means "lustre of the sun". It is reported that his original name was Dāmodara, although this may have been an error.

Work

Bharavi's only known work is ''Kirātārjunīya'', an eighteen canto epic poem, the story for which comes from the ''Mahābhārata.'' ''Kirātārjunīya'' "is regarded to be the most powerful poem in the Sanskrit language". A. K. Warder considers it the "most perfect epic available to us", over Aśvaghoṣa's Buddhacarita, noting his greater force of expression, with more concentration and polish in every detail. Despite using extremely difficult language and rejoicing in the finer points of Sanskrit grammar, he achieves conciseness and directness. His alliteration, "crisp texture of sound", and choice of metre closely correspond to the narrative.

His poetry is characterised by its intricate styles and ethereal expressions. Like Kalidasa for his similes (''upamā'') and Daṇḍin for his wordplay (''padalālityam''), Bharavi is known for his "weight of meaning" (''arthagauravam'').

It is thought that Bharavi's Kiratarjuniya influenced the 8th century CE poet Magha's Shishupala Vadha.

Notes

Sources

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bharavi
Indian male poets
Sanskrit poets
6th-century Indian poets
6th-century Indian writers