The Beytussebab rebellion
was the first
Kurdish
Kurdish may refer to:
*Kurds or Kurdish people
*Kurdish languages
*Kurdish alphabets
*Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes:
**Southern Kurdistan
**Eastern Kurdistan
**Northern Kurdistan
**Western Kurdistan
See also
* Kurd (dis ...
rebellion in the modern
Republic of Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
.
The revolt was led by
Halid Beg Cibran
Miralay Halid Beg Cibran () (born 1882 in Varto, Muş; 14 April 1925 in Bitlis) was a Kurdish soldier in the Ottoman Army and chairman of the Azadî organization.
Early life and education
He was born in Varto in 1882. His father Mahmud Bey was ...
of the Cibran tribe.
Other prominent commanders where
Ihsan Nuri
Ihsan Nuri, also known as Ihsan Nuri Pasha ( ku, Îhsan Nûrî Paşa ,ئیحسان نووری پاشا), 1892 or 1893, Bitlis – 25 March 1976, Tehran) was a Kurdish soldier and politician, former officer of the Ottoman and Turkish Army, ...
and Yusuf Ziya Bey. Its causes laid in opposition to the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1923, the repressive Turkish policies towards Kurdish identity, the prohibition of public use and teaching of the
Kurdish languages
Kurdish (, ) is a language or a group of languages spoken by Kurds in the geo-cultural region of Kurdistan and the Kurdish diaspora. Kurdish constitutes a dialect continuum, belonging to Western Iranian languages in the Indo-European language ...
, and the resettling of Kurdish landowners and tribal chiefs in the west of the country.
Numerous officers of the Turkish army deserted for the rebellion. The rebellion began in August 1924, when the garrison of
Beytüşşebap
Beytüşşebap ( ku, Elkî) is a town and seat of Beytüşşebap District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. The mayor is Habip Aşan of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) and District Governor (Kaymakam), Hasan Meşel serves since September 202 ...
revolted against the Turkish government. The rebellion proved unsuccessful, and ended shortly after it began. Yusuf Ziya Bey was arrested on the 10 October 1924 and reportedly accused Halid Beg Cibran of having been also involved in the revolt.
Halid Beg Cibran was captured in
Erzurum
Erzurum (; ) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010.
The city uses the double-headed eagle as ...
in December 1924.
[Olson, Robert (1989), p.92] Both were courtmartialed in
Bitlis
Bitlis ( hy, Բաղեշ '; ku, Bidlîs; ota, بتليس) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Bitlis Province. The city is located at an elevation of 1,545 metres, 15 km from Lake Van, in the steep-sided valley of the Bitlis R ...
.
Although the rebellion was suppressed, another Kurdish uprising, the
Sheikh Said rebellion, would begin the next year.
Further reading
*
References
{{Reflist
Conflicts in 1924
1924 in Turkey
Kurdish–Turkish conflict