, type=
Noble family, country=
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
,
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
,
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
,
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
, estates=
Château de La Ferté-BeauharnaisPalais Leuchtenberg
The Palais Leuchtenberg, (known between 1853 and 1933 as the Luitpold Palais or Prinz Luitpold Palais) built in the early 19th century for Eugène de Beauharnais, first Duke of Leuchtenberg, is the largest palace in Munich. Located on the west si ...
Mariinsky Palace, titles=*
Queen of Sweden
The monarchy of Sweden is the monarchical head of state of Sweden,See the #IOG, Instrument of Government, Chapter 1, Article 5. which is a constitutional monarchy, constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system.Parliamentary ...
*
Queen of Norway
The list of Norwegian monarchs ( no, kongerekken or ''kongerekka'') begins in 872: the traditional dating of the Battle of Hafrsfjord, after which victorious King Harald Fairhair merged several petty kingdoms into that of his father. Named after ...
*
Viceroy of Italy
*
French Prince
*
Prince of Eichstätt
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
*
Prince of Venice
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
*
Empress of Brazil
The monarchs of Brazil (Portuguese: ''monarcas do Brasil'') were the imperial heads of state and hereditary rulers of Brazil from the House of Braganza that reigned from the creation of the Brazilian monarchy in 1815 as a constituent kingdom of ...
*
Duke of Galliera
Duke of Galliera is an Italian noble title that has been created several times for members of different families. The name of the title refers to the ''comune'' of Galliera, which is located in the Province of Bologna in Emilia–Romagna.
Histor ...
*
Duke of Navarre
*
Duke of Leuchtenberg
*
Duke of Santa Cruz
*
Marquis
A marquess (; french: marquis ), es, marqués, pt, marquês. is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman wi ...
of
La Ferté, styles="
Imperial Highness"
"
Royal Majesty
King in Council, or Royal Majesty, (most formally ''Konungen i Statsrådet'', but a term for it most often used in legal documents was Kunglig Majestät or short form Kungl.Maj:t or K.M:t. in Swedish) was a term of constitutional importance tha ...
"
"
Serene Highness", founded=, founder=Francis of Beauharnais, final ruler=
Josephine, Queen of Sweden, current head=
Nicolas de Leuchtenberg, deposition=, ethnicity=
Breton
Breton most often refers to:
*anything associated with Brittany, and generally
** Breton people
** Breton language, a Southwestern Brittonic Celtic language of the Indo-European language family, spoken in Brittany
** Breton (horse), a breed
**Ga ...
(
French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
)
The House of Beauharnais (or ''House of Leuchtenberg''; ) is a
French noble family. It is now headed by the
Duke of Leuchtenberg, descendant in male line of
Eugène de Beauharnais
Eugène Rose de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg (; 3 September 1781 – 21 February 1824) was a French nobleman, statesman, and military commander who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.
Through the second marr ...
.
History
![Armoiries d Auguste et Maximilien de Leuchtenberg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Armoiries_d_Auguste_et_Maximilien_de_Leuchtenberg.svg)
Originating in
Brittany
Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, Historical region, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known ...
, the Beauharnais (or Beauharnois) became established in the fourteenth century in
Orléans
Orléans (;["Orleans"](_blank)
(US) and [Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc (french: link=yes, Jeanne d'Arc, translit= an daʁk} ; 1412 – 30 May 1431) is a patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the coronati ...]
's rehabilitation. The Beauharnais provided the kingdom with soldiers and magistrates, and contracted alliances in several spheres, including that of the university of law in Orléans. In the 16th century, there were Beauharnais in Orléans as magistrates, merchants, canons and other professions.
From the end of the 16th century to the end of the 17th, the offices of president and of
lieutenant général to the
bailliage and
siège présidial The presidial courts (french: présidiaux; singular ) were judicial courts of the Kingdom of France set up in January 1551 by Henry II of France with jurisdiction between the ''parlement
A ''parlement'' (), under the French Ancien Régime, w ...
of Orléans were handed down hereditarily through the Beauharnais family. The most eminent of these magistrates was
Francis IV de Beauharnais, sieur of la Grillère (at
Vouzon
Vouzon () is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department in central France.
Population
See also
*Communes of the Loir-et-Cher department
The following is a list of the 267 communes of the Loir-et-Cher department of France.
The communes coope ...
, Loir-et-Cher), born in Orléans in 1630, and dying there in 1681.
At the end of the 17th century, the office of lieutenant général du bailliage d'Orléans was ceded to an allied branch, the Curaults. The most eminent of the Beauharnais thus turned to careers in the navy and the colonial administration in the Americas. Another
François de Beauharnais (1665–1746) became intendant of
New France
New France (french: Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America, beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spai ...
(i.e. Canada), where a seigneurie was granted to him in 1707. His nephew,
Francis V de Beauharnais
Francis may refer to:
People
*Pope Francis, the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State and Bishop of Rome
*Francis (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
*Francis (surname)
Places
* Rural M ...
, was made chef d'escadre des armées royales, then governor of Martinique.
The Beauharnais of Orléans were also great landholders thanks to their many seigneuries in the region. In the 15th century they were seigneurs of la Chaussée (or Miramion), fief of the parish of
Saint-Jean-de-Braye
Saint-Jean-de-Braye () is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France. It is an eastern suburb of Orléans. The organist and musicologist Norbert Dufourcq (1904–1990) was born in the commune.
On 14 February 2020, the municipal co ...
, in the suburbs of Orléans. They also had interests at
Sologne
Sologne (; ) is a natural region in Centre-Val de Loire, France, extending over portions of the departements of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher and Cher. Its area is about . To its north is the river Loire, to its south the river Cher, while the districts ...
until the early 16th century, and Guillaume de Beauharnais held the estate of Villechauve, at
Sennely
Sennely () is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France. Sennely was carefully studied by Professor Bouchard and the subject of a chapter in "After the Black Death."
See also
*Communes of the Loiret department
The following i ...
. Some years later, the Beauharnais acquiring the neighbouring seigneurie of la Grillère, at Vouzon, with they held until the beginning of the 18th century (when it passed, by the marriage of a female Beauharnais, to the
Choiseul-Gouffier family).
On 20 April 1752, Francis V, marquis de Beauharnais (1714–1800), governor of
Martinique
Martinique ( , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Matinik or ; Kalinago: or ) is an island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France. An integral part of the French Republic, Martinique is located in th ...
, maternal great-grandfather of the future
Napoleon III of France, bought the seigneurie of La Ferté-Avrain, in Sologne. He was raised to a marquis by letters patent dated July 1764 with the title of
La Ferté-Beauharnais, a name the commune still bears (département of Loir-et-Cher).
Genealogy
Partial genealogy (male and female lines)
*William I Beauharnais
*William II Beauharnais
*Jean Beauharnais, seigneur de Miramion
*William III Beauharnais
*William IV Beauharnais
*Francis I of Beauharnais, seigneur of Miramion (died 1587)
*
François II de Beauharnais
François II de Beauharnais (died 1651) was a French magistrate. He was seigneur of La Grillière, the first president to the Présidial of Orléans (1598), lieutenant général to the bailliage of Orléans, and a Third Estate député
The chamb ...
(died 1651), first president of the Présidial d'Orléans (en 1598) and lieutenant général au bailliage ;
Third Estate député at the
States General The word States-General, or Estates-General, may refer to:
Currently in use
* Estates-General on the Situation and Future of the French Language in Quebec, the name of a commission set up by the government of Quebec on June 29, 2000
* States Genera ...
of 1614 ; seigneur of la Grillère, at Vouzon (Loir-et-Cher).
Married to Anne Brachet ; 7 children, including
*Jean de Beauharnais (1606–1661),
maître d'Hôtel ordinaire du roi
The Maison du Roi (, "King's Household") was the royal household of the King of France. It comprised the military, domestic, and religious entourage of the French royal family during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration.
Organisation
...
;
Married to Marie Mallet ; 3 children including
*
François de Beauharnais (1630–1681),
écuyer Écuyer or Ecuyer is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Al Ecuyer
Allen Joseph Ecuyer (October 15, 1937 – April 28, 2012) was an American football player.
Ecuyer was born in New Orleans in 1937 and attended Jesuit ...
, sieur de la Boische.
Married in 1663 to Marguerite Françoise Pivart de Chastullé ; 14 children, including
*
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois
*
Claude de Beauharnais (1680–1736), seigneur de Beaumont ;
capitaine des vaisseaux du roi,
chevalier de Saint-Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (french: Ordre Royal et Militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a rewar ...
.
Married to Renée Hardouineau ; 2 sons
*I.
François de Beauharnais (1714–1800), marquis de
La Ferté-Beauharnais (from 1764) ;
chef d'escadre des armées royales ; governor of Martinique.
Married twice –
#his cousin Marie-Anne Pivart de Chastullé
#Marie-Euphémie Tascher de la Pagerie.
Two children from his first marriage:
**A.
François de Beauharnais (1756–1823), marquis de
La Ferté-Beauharnais.
**B.
Alexandre François Marie de Beauharnais (1760–1794), vicomte de Beauharnais ; noble député from the bailliage of Blois to the
Estates General of 1789 ; général en chef of the
Armée du Rhin in 1793 ; guillotined in 1794.
In 1779 married Marie-Josèphe-Rose (known as "Joséphine") Tascher de la Pagerie. Two children :
***1.
Eugène Rose de Beauharnais (1781–1824), prince
français
French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Nor ...
, viceroy of Italy, prince of
Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...
, grand-duke of
Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...
, duke of
Leuchtenberg
Leuchtenberg is a Municipalities of Germany, municipality in the Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district), district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Bavaria, Germany, essentially a suburb of nearby Weiden in der Oberpfalz, and a larger historical region ...
and prince of
Eichstätt.
****a.
Joséphine Maximilienne Eugénie Napoléone de Beauharnais (1807–1876), princess of
Bologne
Bologna (, , ; egl, label= Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nati ...
, duchess of Galliera, duchess of Leuchtenberg, queen of Sweden and of Norway.
*****i.
Charles Louis Eugène Bernadotte (1826–1872), king of Sweden and Norway (grandson of
marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated o ...
Bernadotte, founder of the dynasty).
*****ii.
Gustave Bernadotte (1827–1852), prince of Sweden and duke of
Uppland
Uppland () is a historical province or ' on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. On the small uninhab ...
.
*****iii.
Oscar Frédéric Bernadotte (1829–1907), king of Sweden and Norway.
*****iv.
Charlotte Eugénie Auguste Amélie Albertine Bernadotte (1830–1889), princess of Sweden-Norway.
*****v.
Charles Nicolas Auguste Bernadotte (1831–1873), prince of Sweden-Norway and duke of
Dalécarlie.
****b.
Eugénie Hortense Auguste de Beauharnais (1808–1847), duchess of Leuchtenberg and princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen.
****c.
Auguste Charles Eugène Napoléon de Beauharnais (1810–1835), duke of Leuchtenberg, prince of
Eichstätt,
infante of Portugal and duke of Santa-Cruz.
****d.
Amélie Auguste Eugénie Napoléone de Beauharnais (1812–1873), duchess of Leuchtenberg and empress of Brazil.
*****i.
Marie Amélie Augusta Eugénie Joséphine Louise Théodelinde Héloïse Françoise de Bragance (1831–1853), princess of Brazil.
****e.
Théodelinde Louise Eugénie Auguste Napoléone de Beauharnais (1814–1857), duchess of Leuchtenberg, countess of
Württemberg
Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.
Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Würt ...
and duchess of Urach.
****f. Caroline Clotilde de Beauharnais (1816–1816).
****g.
Maximilien Joseph Eugène Auguste Napoléon de Beauharnais (1817–1852), duke of Leuchtenberg, prince of
Eichstätt and duke in Russia with the style "your imperial highness".
***2.
Hortense Eugénie Cécile de Beauharnais (1783–1837), queen of
Holland
Holland is a geographical regionG. Geerts & H. Heestermans, 1981, ''Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Deel I'', Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, p 1105 and former province on the western coast of the Netherlands. From the 10th to the 16th c ...
.
****a.
Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte
Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A nephew ...
(1808–1873), emperor of the French
*II.
Claude de Beauharnais (1717–1784), comte des Roches-Baritaud.
**A.
Claude de Beauharnais (1756–1819), comte des Roches-Baritaud, first married Adrienne de Lezay-Marnésia
***
Stéphanie
Stéphanie is a feminine French feminine given name. Notable people with the name include:
*Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (born 1984), Belgian noble; wife of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg
*Princess Stéphanie ...
(1789+1860) imperial princess, in 1806 married
Charles
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*k ...
, grand duke of Baden, presumed mother of
Gaspard Hauser
Kaspar Hauser (30 April 1812 – 17 December 1833) was a German people, German youth who claimed to have grown up in the total isolation of a darkened cell. Hauser's claims, and his subsequent death from a stab wound to his left breast, sparked ...
.
Members by marriage
*
Fanny de Beauharnais
Fanny de Beauharnais, née Marie-Anne-Françoise Mouchard (4 October 1737, Paris – 2 July 1813), was a French lady of letters and salon-holder. She was the mother of French politician Claude de Beauharnais. She was the grandmother of Stéphan ...
(1738–1813), French poet, wife of Claude de Beauharnais (1717–1784).
*
Joséphine de Beauharnais
Josephine may refer to:
People
* Josephine (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name)
* Josephine (singer), a Greek pop singer
Places
*Josephine, Texas, United States
*Mount Josephine (disambiguation)
* Josephine Count ...
(1763–1814), French empress, wife of
Alexandre de Beauharnais Alexandre may refer to:
* Alexandre (given name)
* Alexandre (surname)
* Alexandre (film)
See also
* Alexander
* Xano (disambiguation) Xano is the name of:
* Xano, a Portuguese hypocoristic of the name " Alexandre (disambiguation)"
* Idálio Ale ...
(1760–1794) then of
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
.
*
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (1819–1876)
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaievna of Russia (russian: Мария Николаевна) (18 August 1819 – 21 February 1876) was a daughter of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia, and sister of Alexander II. In 1839 she married Maximilian, Duke of Leuch ...
(1819-1876), Grand Duchess of Russia by birth, married
Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg
Maximilian Joseph Eugene Auguste Napoleon de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg, Prince Romanowsky (2 October 1817 – 1 November 1852) was the husband of Grand Duchess Maria Nikolayevna of Russia and first cousin of Emperors Napoleon III of ...
and then count Grigori Stroganov.
Members of the Beauharnois house
*
François de Beauharnois de la Chaussaye, Baron de Beauville (grandson of Jean de Beauharnais (1606–1661))
*
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (grandson of Jean de Beauharnais (1606–1661))
*
Claude de Beauharnois de Beaumont et de Villechauve (grandson of Jean de Beauharnais (1606–1661))
References
Sources
*A. Pommier, "Recherches sur les Beauharnais du XVIIe siècle à Orléans", dans ''Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique de l'Orléanais'', t. XXIII, n° 235 (1937).
*R. Gallon, ''Les Beauharnais'', Orléans, La Galerie des Ventes d'Orléans, 1979.
*Christian Poitou, "Napoléon III et la Sologne", dans ''La Sologne et son passé, 9, Bulletin du Groupe de Recherches Archéologiques et Historiques de Sologne'', t. XIII, n° 2, avril-juin 1991.
*Philippe de Montjoulvent, ''Les Beauharnais, 1-Les grands ancêtres,'' Paris, Editions Christian, 2005 (569 p.)
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:House Of Beauharnais
Beauharnais