Bayar or Baysar,
also Bayar-Abbas,
Bayrampas
(
Avar: ''Байcар'', ''Байар'', 12th-century), was an
Avar nutsal (ruler), who ruled in the 12th century and the son of previous ruler
Surakat I.
Biography
One of the legends says that during the reign of his father
Surakat in
Khunzakh
Khunzakh ( av, Хунзахъ, , russian: Хунзах) is a rural locality (a '' selo'') and the administrative center of Khunzakhsky District in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located in the North Caucasus mountains above sea level. Populati ...
a detachment of
ghazis
A ''ghazi'' ( ar, غازي, , plural ''ġuzāt'') is an individual who participated in ''ghazw'' (, '' ''), meaning military expeditions or raiding. The latter term was applied in early Islamic literature to expeditions led by the Islamic prophe ...
led by Abu Muslim invaded the
Avar lands. The Khunzakh people did not want to convert to
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
and in the place called Achisal there was a major battle between them and the
Arab
The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
troops. Surakat died during the battle and his son Bayar fled to
Tusheti
Tusheti ( ka, თუშეთი) is a historic region in northeast Georgia.
Geography
Located on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, Tusheti is bordered by the Russian republics of Chechnya and Dagestan to the north and eas ...
region.
After the inhabitants of Khunzakh converted to Islam, they were ruled by one of the descendants of
Sheikh
Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a ...
Ahmad named Masum
bek, who was replaced by Sheikh Abu Muslim with the titles of
Imam
Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...
,
wali
A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by the ...
and
hakim.
[{{Cite web , last=Aitberov , first=Timur , title=Ancient Khundzia , url=https://mylektsii.su/5-56545.html , access-date=2023-02-15 , website=mylektsii.su] Bayar, who fled to
Georgian
Georgian may refer to:
Common meanings
* Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country)
** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group
** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians
**Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
lands recruited an army there and periodically attacked the Arabs. Thus, with varying success the struggle lasted for 40 years, until the
Muslims
Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...
finally gained the upper hand.
See also
*
Amir-Sultan I
*
Surakat I
*
Avar Khanate
The Avar Khanate, the Avar Nutsaldom ( av, Avar Nutsallhi; russian: Аварское ханство), also known as Khundzia or Avaria, was a long-lived Avar state, which controlled mountainous parts of Dagestan (in the North Caucasus) from the ...
*
Sarir
Sarir or Serir was a medieval Christian state lasting from the 6th or 7th century to the 12th century in the mountainous regions of modern-day Dagestan. Its name is derived from the Arabic word for "throne" and refers to a golden throne that wa ...
References
Sources
*
Rafi, Muhammad. "Tarikhi Dagestan".
* Aliev, Bagmomed (2002). ''The struggle of the peoples of Dagestan against foreign invaders''.
Makhachkala
Makhachkala ( rus, Махачкала, , məxətɕkɐˈla, links=yes),; av, Махӏачхъала, Maħaçqala; ce, ХӀинжа-ГӀала, Hinƶa-Ġala; az, Маһачгала, Mahaçqala; nog, Махачкала; lbe, Махачкъала; ...
: ДНЦ РАН. p. 69, 97.
ISBN
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.
An ISBN is assigned to each separate edition an ...
5-94434-009-6.
* Crishtopa, Alexander (2007). ''Dagestan in the 13th – early 15th centuries.'' МАМОНТ. p. 87.
ISBN
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.
An ISBN is assigned to each separate edition an ...
978-5-903-011-17-9.
Avar Khans
Avar Khanate
12th-century rulers in Europe
12th-century rulers in Asia
Avar people
History of Dagestan
Khans