Aubrey Vincent Beardsley (21 August 187216 March 1898) was an English

illustrator An illustrator is an artist who specializes in enhancing writing or elucidating concepts by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text or idea. The illustration may be intended to clarify complicat ...

and author. His black ink drawings were influenced by Japanese woodcuts, and depicted the grotesque, the decadent, and the erotic. He was a leading figure in the

aesthetic Aesthetics, or esthetics, is a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of beauty and taste, as well as the philosophy of art (its own area of philosophy that comes out of aesthetics). It examines aesthetic values, often expressed th ...

movement which also included

Oscar Wilde Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 185430 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of the most popular playwrights in London in the early 1890s. He is ...

and

James McNeill Whistler James Abbott McNeill Whistler (; July 10, 1834July 17, 1903) was an American painter active during the American Gilded Age and based primarily in the United Kingdom. He eschewed sentimentality and moral allusion in painting and was a leading pr ...

. Beardsley's contribution to the development of the

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...

and

poster A poster is a large sheet that is placed either on a public space to promote something or on a wall as decoration. Typically, posters include both typography, textual and graphic elements, although a poster may be either wholly graphical or w ...

styles was significant despite his early death from

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...

. He is one of the important

Modern Style The Modern Style is a style of architecture, art, and design that first emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1880s. It is the first Art Nouveau style worldwide, and it represents the evolution of the Arts and Crafts movement which was native ...

figures.

Early life, education, and early career

Beardsley was born in Brighton,

Sussex Sussex (), from the Old English (), is a historic county in South East England that was formerly an independent medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom. It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, northeast by Kent, south by the English ...

, England, on 21 August 1872 and christened on 24 October 1872. His father, Vincent Paul Beardsley (1839–1909), was the son of a

Clerkenwell Clerkenwell () is an area of central London, England. Clerkenwell was an ancient parish from the mediaeval period onwards, and now forms the south-western part of the London Borough of Islington. The well after which it was named was redisco ...

jeweler; Vincent had no trade himself (partly owing to inherited tuberculosis, from which his own father had died aged only 40), and relied on a private income from an inheritance that he received from his maternal grandfather, a property developer, when he was 21. Vincent's wife, Ellen Agnus Pitt (1846–1932), was the daughter of Surgeon-Major William Pitt of the Indian Army. The Pitts were a well-established and respected family in Brighton, and Beardsley's mother married a man of lesser social status than might have been expected. Soon after their wedding, Vincent was obliged to sell some of his property in order to settle a claim for his

breach of promise of marriage Breach of promise is a common law tort, abolished in many jurisdictions. It was also called breach of contract to marry,N.Y. Civil Rights Act article 8, §§ 80-A to 84. and the remedy awarded was known as heart balm. From at least the Middle ...

from another woman, the widow of a clergyman, who claimed that he had promised to marry her. At the time of his birth, Beardsley's family, which included his sister

Mabel Mabel is an English female given name derived from the Latin ''amabilis'', "lovable, dear".Reclams Namensbuch, 1987, History Amabilis of Riom (died 475) was a French male saint who logically would have assumed the name Amabilis upon entering th ...

who was one year older, were living in Ellen's familial home at 12 Buckingham Road. The number of the house in Buckingham Road was 12, but the numbers were changed, and it is now 31. At the age of seven, Beardsley contracted tuberculosis. With the loss of Vincent Beardsley's fortune soon after his son's birth, the family settled in London in 1883, where Vincent would work first for the West India & Panama Telegraph Company, then irregularly as a clerk at breweries; they would spend the next 20 years in rented accommodation, battling poverty. Ellen took to presenting herself as the "victim of a ''mésalliance''". In 1884, Aubrey appeared in public as an "infant musical phenomenon", playing at several concerts with his sister. In January 1885, he began to attend Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School, where he spent the next four years. His first poems, drawings, and cartoons appeared in print in ''Past and Present'', the school's magazine. In 1888, he obtained a post in an architect's office and afterward one in the Guardian Life and Fire Insurance Company. In 1891, under the advice of

Sir Edward Burne-Jones Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones, 1st Baronet, (; 28 August, 183317 June, 1898) was a United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, British painter and designer associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood which included Dante Gabriel Rossetti, J ...

and

Pierre Puvis de Chavannes Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (14 December 1824 – 24 October 1898) was a French people, French Painting, painter known for his mural painting, who came to be known as "the painter for France". He became the co-founder and president of the Soci ...

, he took up art as a profession. In 1892, he attended the classes at the

Westminster School of Art The Westminster School of Art was an art school in Westminster, London. History The Westminster School of Art was located at 18 Tufton Street, Deans Yard, Westminster, and was part of the old Royal Architectural Museum. H. M. Bateman described ...

, then under Professor Fred Brown.

Work

Beardsley traveled to Paris in 1892, where he discovered the poster art of

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Comte Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa (24 November 1864 – 9 September 1901) was a French painter, printmaker, draughtsman, caricaturist and illustrator whose immersion in the colourful and theatrical life of Paris in the ...

and the Parisian fashion for Japanese prints. His first commission was ''

Le Morte d'Arthur ' (originally written as '; inaccurate Middle French for "The Death of Arthur") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Rou ...

'' by

Thomas Malory Sir Thomas Malory was an English writer, the author of '' Le Morte d'Arthur'', the classic English-language chronicle of the Arthurian legend, compiled and in most cases translated from French sources. The most popular version of '' Le Morte d' ...

(1893), illustrated for the publishing house J.M. Dent and Company. In 1894, a new translation of

Lucian Lucian of Samosata, '; la, Lucianus Samosatensis ( 125 – after 180) was a Hellenized Syrian satirist, rhetorician and pamphleteer Pamphleteer is a historical term for someone who creates or distributes pamphlets, unbound (and therefore ...

’s ''True History'', with illustrations by Beardsley,

William Strang William Strang (13 February 1859 – 12 April 1921) was a Scottish painter and printmaker, notable for illustrating the works of Bunyan, Coleridge and Kipling. Early life Strang was born at Dumbarton, the son of Peter Strang, a builder, an ...

, and J. B. Clark, was privately printed in an edition of 251 copies. Beardsley-peacockskirt

Beardsley had six years of creative output, which can be divided into several periods, identified by the form of his signature. In the early period, his work is mostly unsigned. During 1891 and 1892, he progressed to using his initials A.V.B. In mid-1892, the period of ''Le Morte d'Arthur'' and ''The Bon Mots'', he used a Japanese-influenced mark that became progressively more graceful, sometimes accompanied by A.B. in block capitals. Aubrey Beardsley - Edgar Poe 2

He co-founded ''

The Yellow Book ''The Yellow Book'' was a British quarterly literary periodical that was published in London from 1894 to 1897. It was published at The Bodley Head Publishing House by Elkin Mathews and John Lane, and later by John Lane alone, and edited by th ...

'' with American writer

Henry Harland Henry Harland (March 1, 1861 – December 20, 1905) was an American novelist and editor. Biography Harland was born in Norwich, Connecticut, in 1861, the son of Fourierist Thomas Harland, who had been a one-time roommate of editor and author Edmu ...

, and for the first four editions, he served as art editor and produced the cover designs and many illustrations for the magazine. He was aligned with

Aestheticism Aestheticism (also the Aesthetic movement) was an art movement in the late 19th century which privileged the aesthetic value of literature, music and the arts over their socio-political functions. According to Aestheticism, art should be pro ...

, the British counterpart of

Decadence The word decadence, which at first meant simply "decline" in an abstract sense, is now most often used to refer to a perceived decay in standards, morals, dignity, religious faith, honor, discipline, or skill at governing among the members of ...

and

Symbolism Symbolism or symbolist may refer to: Arts * Symbolism (arts), a 19th-century movement rejecting Realism ** Symbolist movement in Romania, symbolist literature and visual arts in Romania during the late 19th and early 20th centuries ** Russian sy ...

. Most of his images are done in ink and feature large dark areas contrasted with large blank ones as well as areas of fine detail contrasted with areas with none at all. Salomé- a tragedy in one act pg 79

Beardsley was the most controversial artist of the

era, renowned for his dark and perverse images and grotesque erotica, which were the main themes of his later work. His illustrations were in black and white against a white background. Some of his drawings, inspired by Japanese

shunga is a type of Japanese erotic art typically executed as a kind of ukiyo-e, often in woodblock print format. While rare, there are also extant erotic painted handscrolls which predate ukiyo-e. Translated literally, the Japanese word ''shunga'' ...

artwork, featured enormous genitalia. His most famous erotic illustrations concerned themes of history and mythology; these include his illustrations for a privately printed edition of

Aristophanes Aristophanes (; grc, Ἀριστοφάνης, ; c. 446 – c. 386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme In Ancient Greece, a deme or ( grc, δῆμος, plural: demoi, δημοι) was a suburb or a subdivision of Athens and other city-states ...

' ''

Lysistrata ''Lysistrata'' ( or ; Attic Greek: , ''Lysistrátē'', "Army Disbander") is an ancient Greek comedy by Aristophanes, originally performed in classical Athens in 411 BC. It is a comic account of a woman's extraordinary mission to end the Peloponne ...

'' and his drawings for

's play ''

Salome Salome (; he, שְלוֹמִית, Shlomit, related to , "peace"; el, Σαλώμη), also known as Salome III, was a Jewish princess, the daughter of Herod II, son of Herod the Great, and princess Herodias, granddaughter of Herod the Great, an ...

'', which eventually premiered in Paris in 1896. Other major illustration projects included an 1896 edition of ''

The Rape of the Lock ''The Rape of the Lock'' is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope. One of the most commonly cited examples of high burlesque, it was first published anonymously in Lintot's ''Miscellaneous Poems and Translations'' (May 1712) ...

'' by

Alexander Pope Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature, ...

. He also produced extensive illustrations for books and magazines (e.g., for a deluxe edition of Sir

's ''

'') and worked for magazines such as '' The Studio'' and '' The Savoy'', of which he was a co-founder. As a co-founder of ''The Savoy'', Beardsley was able to pursue his writing as well as illustration, and a number of his writings, including '' Under the Hill'' (a story based on the

Tannhäuser Tannhäuser (; gmh, Tanhûser), often stylized, "The Tannhäuser," was a German Minnesinger and traveling poet. Historically, his biography, including the dates he lived, is obscure beyond the poetry, which suggests he lived between 1245 and 1 ...

legend) and "The Ballad of a Barber" appeared in the magazine. Beardsley was a

caricaturist A caricaturist is an artist who specializes in drawing caricatures. List of caricaturists * Abed Abdi (born 1942) * Al Hirschfeld (1903–2003) * Alex Gard (1900–1948) * Alexander Saroukhan (1898–1977) * Alfred Grévin (1827–1892) * Alf ...

and did some political cartoons, mirroring Wilde's irreverent wit in art. Beardsley's work reflected the

decadence The word decadence, which at first meant simply "decline" in an abstract sense, is now most often used to refer to a perceived decay in standards, morals, dignity, religious faith, honor, discipline, or skill at governing among the members of ...

of his era and his influence was enormous, clearly visible in the work of the French Symbolists, the

Poster Art A poster is a large sheet that is placed either on a public space to promote something or on a wall as decoration. Typically, posters include both textual and graphic elements, although a poster may be either wholly graphical or wholly text. ...

Movement of the 1890s and the work of many later-period Art Nouveau artists such as Papé and

Clarke Clarke is a surname which means "clerk". The surname is of English and Irish origin and comes from the Latin . Variants include Clerk and Clark. Clarke is also uncommonly chosen as a given name. Irish surname origin Clarke is a popular surname i ...

. Some alleged works of Beardsley's were published in a book titled ''Fifty Drawings by Aubrey Beardsley, Selected from the Collection of Mr. H.S. Nicols''. These later were discovered to be forgeries, distinguishable by their almost pornographic erotic elements rather than Beardsley's subtler use of sexuality. Beardsley's work continued to cause controversy in Britain long after his death. During an exhibition of Beardsley's prints held at the

Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.27 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and nam ...

in London in 1966, a private gallery in London was raided by the police for exhibiting copies of the same prints on display at the museum, and the owner charged under obscenity laws. Aubrey Beardsley - Masquerade

Private life

Beardsley was a public as well as private eccentric. He said "I have one aim—the grotesque. If I am not grotesque, I am nothing." Wilde said Beardsley had "a face like a silver hatchet, and grass green hair." Beardsley was meticulous about his attire: dove-grey suits, hats, ties, yellow gloves. He appeared at his publisher's in a

morning coat A tailcoat is a knee-length coat (clothing), coat characterised by a rear section of the skirt, known as the ''tails'', with the front of the skirt cut away. The tailcoat shares its historical origins in clothes cut for convenient horse riding i ...

and

court shoes A court shoe (British English), or pump (List of words having different meanings in American and British English: M–Z#P, American English), is a shoe with a low-cut front, or Shoe#vamp, vamp, with either a shoe buckle or a black Ribbon, bow as ...

. Although Beardsley was associated with the homosexual clique that included Oscar Wilde and other aesthetes, the details of his sexuality remain in question. Speculation about his sexuality includes rumours of an incestuous relationship with his elder sister, Mabel, who may have become pregnant by her brother and miscarried. During his entire career, Beardsley had recurrent attacks of tuberculosis. He suffered frequent lung haemorrhage and often was unable to work or leave his home. Beardsley converted to Catholicism in March 1897. The next year, the last letter before his death was to his publisher

Leonard Smithers Leonard Charles Smithers (19 December 1861 – 19 December 1907) was a London bookseller and publisher associated with the Decadent movement. Biography Born in Sheffield, Smithers worked as a solicitor, qualifying in 1884,Jon R. Godsall, ''Th ...

and close friend

Herbert Charles Pollitt Herbert Charles Pollitt (July 20, 1871 – 1942), also known as Jerome Pollitt, was a patron of the arts and on-stage female impersonator who performed as Diane de Rougy (an homage to Liane de Pougy). He became notorious as a Cambridge undergrad ...

Postmark: March 7, 1898 , Jesus is our Lord and Judge , Dear Friend, I implore you to destroy ''all'' copies of ''Lysistrata'' and bad drawings … By all that is holy, ''all'' obscene drawings. , Aubrey Beardsley , In my death agony.

Both men ignored Beardsley's wishes, and Smithers actually continued to sell reproductions as well as forgeries of Beardsley's work.

Death

In December 1896, Beardsley suffered a violent haemorrhage, leaving him in precarious health. By April 1897, a month after his conversion to Catholicism, his deteriorating health prompted a move to the French Riviera. There he died a year later, on 16 March 1898, of tuberculosis at the Cosmopolitan Hotel in Menton,

Alpes-Maritimes Alpes-Maritimes (; oc, Aups Maritims; it, Alpi Marittime, "Maritime Alps") is a department of France located in the country's southeast corner, on the Italian border and Mediterranean coast. Part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, it ...

, France, attended by his mother and sister. He was 25 years old. Following a

requiem mass A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead ( la, Missa pro defunctis) or Mass of the dead ( la, Missa defunctorum), is a Mass of the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, ...

in Menton Cathedral the following day, his remains were interred in the Cimetière du Trabuquet.

Media portrayals

In the 1982 ''Playhouse'' drama ''Aubrey'', written by

John Selwyn Gilbert John Selwyn Winzer Gilbert (born on 17 March 1943) is a BAFTA nominated British television scriptwriter, director and producer who joined the BBC in 1969 as a Production Director to help to set up the Open University and who between 1979 and ...

, Beardsley was portrayed by actor John Dicks. The drama concerned Beardsley's life from the time of Oscar Wilde's arrest in April 1895, which caused Beardsley to lose his position at ''The Yellow Book'', to his death from tuberculosis in 1898. The BBC documentary ''Beardsley and His Work'' was made in 1982. Beardsley is featured on the cover of

The Beatles The Beatles were an English Rock music, rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the Cultural impact of the Beatles, most influential band of al ...

' ''

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band'' is the eighth studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. Released on 26May 1967, ''Sgt. Pepper'' is regarded by musicologists as an early concept album that advanced the roles of sound composi ...

''. The 1977 horror film Death Bed: The Bed That Eats is narrated by the entombed spirit of an unnamed artist whose work and manner of death identify him as Beardsley. In March 2020, BBC Four broadcast the hour-long documentary, ''Scandal & Beauty: Mark Gatiss on Aubrey Beardsley'', presented by

Mark Gatiss Mark Gatiss (; born 17 October 1966) is an English actor, comedian, screenwriter, director, producer and novelist. His work includes writing for and acting in the television series ''Doctor Who'', '' Sherlock'', and '' Dracula''. Together with ...

. The programme coincided with the Beardsley exhibition at

Tate Britain Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in ...

. Beardsley’s art is also mentioned briefly in the 2011 version of the

Car Seat Headrest Car Seat Headrest (CSH) is an American indie rock band formed in Leesburg, Virginia, and currently located in Seattle, Washington. The band consists of Will Toledo (vocals, guitar, piano, synthesizers), Ethan Ives (guitar, bass, backing vocals) ...

song, ''Beach Life-in-Death.''

Legacy

In 2019 the

National Leather Association International National Leather Association International (NLA-I) is a BDSM organization, based in the United States with chapters in various cities in the United States and Canada. It was founded in 1986 as the "National Leather Association" (NLA), as a nationa ...

established an award named after Beardsley for creators of abstract erotic art.

Gallery

File:Der Puderquast.jpg, Tailpiece or ''Cul de Lampe'', cover for Wilde's ''Salomé'', 1893–4 File:Aubrey Beardsley - The Climax.jpg, ''

The Climax The Climax may refer to: * The Climax (1944 film), a horror film * The Climax (1930 film), a thriller film * The Climax (illustration), a work of art by Aubrey Beardsley See also * Climax (disambiguation) Climax may refer to: Language arts * ...

'' from the illustrations for ''Salomé'', 1893–4 File:Aubrey Beardsley - The Stomach Dance.jpg, ''The Stomach Dance'', 1893–4 File:John+Salome.jpg, ''John the Baptist and Salome'', 1893–4
(published 1907) File:Le morte d-arthur-201.gif, Illustration from

's ''

'', 1894 File:Aubrey Beardsley - Edgar Poe 1.jpg, Illustration for

Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe (; Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic. Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is wide ...

's ''

The Murders in the Rue Morgue "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe published in ''Graham's Magazine'' in 1841. It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his "tales of ratiocination". C. Auguste Dup ...

'', 1894–5 File:Aubrey Beardsley - Edgar Poe 3.jpg, ''

The Fall of the House of Usher "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839 in ''Burton's Gentleman's Magazine'', then included in the collection ''Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque'' in 1840. The short story ...

'', 1894–5 File:Aubrey Beardsley - Edgar Poe 4.jpg, Illustration for ''

The Masque of the Red Death "The Masque of the Red Death" (originally published as "The Mask of the Red Death: A Fantasy") is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1842. The story follows Prince Prospero's attempts to avoid a dangerous plague ...

'', 1894–5 File:Venus between terminal gods beardsley.jpg, ''Venus between Terminal Gods'', 1895 File:Messalina and her Companion by A.Beardsley (1895, Tate).jpg, ''Messalina and her Companion'', Tate Britain, 1895 File:Aubrey Beardsley - Et in Arcadia Ego (1896).jpg, ''Et in Arcadia Ego'', 1896 File:Beardsley2.jpeg, ''The Billet-doux'', from ''

'' by

, 1896 File:RapeLock7Cave of Spleen.jpeg, ''The Cave of Spleen'', from ''The Rape of the Lock'', 1896 File:Aubrey Beardsley - The driving of Cupid from the garden - preparatory drawing for the cover design of 'The Savoy', no.3... - Google Art Project.jpg, ''The driving of Cupid from the garden'', preparatory drawing for the cover design of ''The Savoy'' (no. 3, July 1896) File:Aubrey Beardsley, Ali Baba.jpg, Cover of ''One Thousand and One Nights'', 1897 File:Aubrey Beardsley Beardsley - Isolde.jpg, ''Isolde'', illustration in ''Pan'' magazine, 1899 File:Aubrey Beardsley, Withered Spring, NGA 4599.jpg, ''Withered Spring'', unknown date,

National Gallery of Art The National Gallery of Art, and its attached Sculpture Garden, is a national art museum in Washington, D.C., United States, located on the National Mall, between 3rd and 9th Streets, at Constitution Avenue NW. Open to the public and free of char ...

Works

* Beardsley, Aubrey, Simon Wilson, and Linda Gertner Zatlin. 1998. ''Aubrey Beardsley: a centenary tribute''. Tokyo: Art Life Ltd.

Citations

General sources

* * Beardsley, Aubrey, Simon Wilson, and Linda Gertner Zatlin. 1998. ''Aubrey Beardsley: a centenary tribute''. Tokyo: Art Life Ltd. * Beerbohm, Max. 1928. 'Aubrey Beardsley' in ''A Variety of Things''. New York, Knopf. * Benkovitz, Miriam J. 1980. ''Aubrey Beardsley, an Account of his Life''. New York, N.Y.: Putnam. . * * Calloway, Stephen. 1998. ''Aubrey Beardsley''. New York, N.Y.: Harry N. Abrams. . * Dovzhyk, Sasha. 2020. "Aubrey Beardsley in the Russian 'World of Art'". British Art Studies Issue 18. https://doi.org/10.17658/issn.2058-5462/issue-18/sdovzhyk *Dowson, Ernest. 1897. ''The Pierrot of the Minute''. Restored edition with Aubrey Beardsley's illustrations, CreateSpace, 2012. Bilingual illustrated edition with French translation by Philippe Baudry, CreateSpace, 2012 * Fletcher, Ian. 1987. ''Aubrey Beardsley''. Boston, MA: Twayne Publishers. . * Reade, Brian. 1967. ''Aubrey Beardsley''. New York: Bonanza Books. * Ross, Robert 1909. ''Aubrey Beardsley''. London: John Lane. * Snodgrass, Chris. 1995. ''Aubrey Beardsley: Dandy of the Grotesque''. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. . * Symons, Arthur. 1898. ''Aubrey Beardsley''. London: At the Sign of the Unicorn. * * Weintraub, Stanley. 1967. ''Beardsley: a biography.'' New York, N.Y.: Braziller. * Zatlin, Linda G. 1997. ''Beardsley, Japonisme, and the Perversion of the Victorian Ideal''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. . * Zatlin, Linda G. 1990. ''Aubrey Beardsley and Victorian Sexual Politics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . * Zatlin, Linda G. 2007. "Aubrey Beardsley and the Shaping of Art Nouveau." ''Bound for the 1890s: Essays on Writing and Publishing in Honor of James G. Nelson''. Ed. Jonathan Allison. Buckinghamshire: Rivendale Press. * Zatlin, Linda G. "Wilde, Beardsley, and the Making of Salome." Scholars Library, 2007; originally published in ''The Journal of Victorian Culture'' 5.2 (November 2000): 341–57. * Zatlin, Linda G. 2006. "Aubrey Beardsley." ''Encyclopedia of Europe 1789–1914''. Chicago: Gale Research.

External links

The Aubrey Beardsley Society
* Th
Aubrey Beardsley Library
with digitised sources on the artist * BBC Radio 4 Great Lives programme on Aubrey Beardsley
listen online
* Th
Aubrey Beardsley Blog
with scholarly and creative contributions * * * * *
Works displayed at Art Renewal Center website

Aubrey Beardsley Collection
at the

Harry Ransom Center The Harry Ransom Center (until 1983 the Humanities Research Center) is an archive, library and museum at the University of Texas at Austin, specializing in the collection of literary and cultural artifacts from the Americas and Europe for the pur ...

at the

University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public research university in Austin, Texas. It was founded in 1883 and is the oldest institution in the University of Texas System. With 40,916 undergraduate students, 11,075 ...

Aubrey Beardsley Letter from the Mount Holyoke College Archives and Special Collections

Article on Aubrey Beardsley in April 1895 edition of ''The Bookman'' (New York)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Beardsley, Aubrey 1872 births 1898 deaths 19th-century deaths from tuberculosis 19th-century illustrators of fairy tales Alumni of the Westminster School of Art Artists from Brighton Art Nouveau illustrators British erotic artists Converts to Roman Catholicism from Anglicanism English expatriates in France English illustrators English Roman Catholics Obscenity controversies in art People educated at Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School Tuberculosis deaths in France