Arad County () is an administrative division (
judeţ) of
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Cr ...
, mostly in the region of
Crișana and few villages in
Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of ...
. The administrative center of the county lies in the city of
Arad. The Arad County is part of the
Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Name
In
Hungarian, it is known as , in
Serbian
Serbian may refer to:
* someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe
* someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people
* Serbian language
* Serbian names
See also
*
*
* Old Serbian (disambiguation ...
as , and in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
as . The county was named after its administrative center,
Arad.
Geography
The county has a total area of , representing 3.6% of national Romanian territory. The terrain of Arad County is divided into two distinct units that cover almost half of the county each. The eastern side of the county has a hilly to low mountainous terrain (Dealurile Lipovei, Munții Zărandului, Munții Codru Moma) and on the western side it's a plain zone consisting of the ''Arad Plain'', ''Low Mures Plain'', and ''The High Vinga Plain''. Taking altitude into account we notice that it follows a stepped pattern as it drops as we go from the east to the west of the county from 1489 m to below 100 m. In the east there are the Zarand Mountainsnand the Codru Moma Mountains, all subdivisions of the
Apuseni Mountains, a major group of the Western Carpathians.
Neighbours
*
Alba County and
Hunedoara County
Hunedoara County () is a county (''județ'') of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Deva. The county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as , in German as , and in Slovak a ...
to the East.
*
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Cr ...
to the West -
Békés
Békés (; ro, Bichiş; sk, Békéš) is a town in Békés County, Hungary. It lies about north of Békéscsaba and east of Budapest.
History
The area of the present town has been inhabited since ancient times, due to its good soil and pr ...
and
Csongrád
Csongrád ( ro, Ciongrad; tr, Conğrad sr, Чонград, Čongrad, archaically also ''Црноград/Crnograd'') is a town in Csongrád County in southern Hungary.
History
At the time of the Hungarian Conquest (the end of 9th century) th ...
Counties.
*
Bihor County to the North.
*
Timiș County
Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land are ...
to the South.
Climate and precipitation
In terms of climate, the characteristics of Arad county have a typical temperate continental climate with oceanic influences, with a circulation of air masses with a predominantly western ordered direction visible from west to east, with increasing altitude. Average annual temperatures range from 10 °C in the lowlands, the hills and piedmonts 9 °C, 8 °C and 6 °C in the low mountains in the area of greatest height.
Average amounts of precipitation is between annually in the lowlands, annually in the hills and piedmonts and annually in the mountainous area.
Hydrographic network
The hydrographic network is composed of the two main rivers plus their tributaries and channels.
*
Mureṣ -
Corbeasca,
Troaş,
Bârzava,
Milova,
Cladova
*
Crișul Alb -
Hălmăgel,
Valea de la Lazuri,
Tăcășele, Cremenoasa,
Zimbru, Valea Deznei, Valea Monesei, Tălagiu, Honțisor,
Chisindia
Chisindia ( hu, Keszend) is a commune in Arad County, Romania.Chisindia lies in the southern part of the Sebiș Basin
Sebiș ( hu, Borossebes) is a town in Arad County, western Transylvania, Romania. Situated 82 km from the county capital, ...
,
Cigher
The Cigher is a left tributary of the river Crișul Alb in Romania. It discharges into the Crișul Alb in Sintea Mică, near Zărand
Zărand ( hu, Zaránd) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country loc ...
Lakes, ponds and channels
* Tauț, Seleuș, Cermei, Rovine, Matca (Ghioroc) Lakes and Gypsy Pond
* Matca,
Canalul Morilor
The Canalul Morilor is a canal in the lowland area south of the river Crișul Alb in Arad County, western Romania. Constructed in the 19th century for water-mills, it is now used for irrigation. It takes water from the Crișul Alb near Berindia, ...
,
Canalul Morilor
The Canalul Morilor is a canal in the lowland area south of the river Crișul Alb in Arad County, western Romania. Constructed in the 19th century for water-mills, it is now used for irrigation. It takes water from the Crișul Alb near Berindia, ...
, Ier, Criș Channels
Demographics
On 31 October 2011, the county had a population of 409,072 and the
population density
Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopu ...
was . The main ethnic composition was, as follows:
*
Romanians
The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Romania ...
- 83.88%
*
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the ...
- 9.06%
*
Roma
Roma or ROMA may refer to:
Places Australia
* Roma, Queensland, a town
** Roma Airport
** Roma Courthouse
** Electoral district of Roma, defunct
** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council
* Roma Street, Brisbane, a ...
- 4.04%
Economy
Along with
Timiș County
Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land are ...
it forms one of the most developed regions in Romania. Due to its proximity to the border, it attracts a great number of foreign investments. The agricultural potential is greatly put into value, Arad plains being considered one of the most important cereal and vegetable producing basins.
The predominant industries in the county are:
* Machine and automotive components
* Food
* Textiles
Natural resources in Arad, are worthy to be taken into account as there are oil and associated gases, points of extraction in the west of the county, molibden mines in the Săvârșin area, marble quarries at
Căprioara and
Moneasa
Moneasa ( hu, Menyháza) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Its administrative surface stretches over and it is composed of two villages, Moneasa and Rănușa (''Kisróna'').
Geography
The commune is located in the northeastern part of Arad C ...
, mineral waters at
Lipova,
Moneasa
Moneasa ( hu, Menyháza) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Its administrative surface stretches over and it is composed of two villages, Moneasa and Rănușa (''Kisróna'').
Geography
The commune is located in the northeastern part of Arad C ...
,
Dorobanți
Dorobanți is a neighborhood in Sector 1, Bucharest. The neighborhood is dominated by red brick buildings and glass buildings. Main intersections/squares are Perla, Dorobanți Square, , Charles de Gaulle Square, and Quito Square. Main streets a ...
,
Curtici
Curtici ( Hungarian: ''Kürtös'', German: ''Kurtitsch'') is a town located in Arad County, in western Romania. The town is situated at a distance from the county capital, Arad, in the western part of Arad County. It is the most important railw ...
,
Macea and uranium deposits in the NE part of the county.
Tourism
The main tourist destinations are:
* The city of
Arad;
* The Mureș Natural Floodplain Park;
* Bezdin Monastery;
* Hodoș-Bodrog Monastery (est. 1177);
*
Lipova resort and city;
* Șoimoș, Dezna, and Șiria stone citadels;
*
Moneasa
Moneasa ( hu, Menyháza) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Its administrative surface stretches over and it is composed of two villages, Moneasa and Rănușa (''Kisróna'').
Geography
The commune is located in the northeastern part of Arad C ...
resort;
* The areas around
Săvârșin,
Petriș,
Macea, and
Pecica.
Politics
The Arad County Council, renewed at the
2020 local elections, consists of 32 counsellors, with the following party composition:
Administrative divisions
Arad County has 1 municipality, 9 towns and 68 communes with approximately 180 villages.
;Municipalities
*
Arad - capital city; population: 172,827 (as of 2002)
;Towns
*
Chișineu-Criș
*
Curtici
Curtici ( Hungarian: ''Kürtös'', German: ''Kurtitsch'') is a town located in Arad County, in western Romania. The town is situated at a distance from the county capital, Arad, in the western part of Arad County. It is the most important railw ...
*
Ineu
*
Lipova
*
Nădlac
Nădlac (; sk, Nadlak; hu, Nagylak) is a town in western Romania, Arad County. A former part of the town lies across the border with Hungary; this village is called Nagylak. An international border town, Nădlac is the main border crossing into ...
*
Pâncota
*
Pecica
*
Sântana
Sântana (; german: Neusanktanna; hu, Újszentanna) is a town in north-western Romania, in the county of Arad. Declared a town in 2003, it administers one village, Caporal Alexa (''Erdőskerek'').
Geography
The town is situated in the northe ...
*
Sebiș
Sebiș ( hu, Borossebes) is a town in Arad County, western Transylvania, Romania. Situated 82 km from the county capital, Sebiș is one of the most important urban centres in the Crișul Alb valley. It administers three villages: Donceni ('' ...
;Communes
*
Almaș
*
Apateu
*
Archiș
*
Bata
*
Bârsa
*
Bârzava
*
Beliu
Beliu ( hu, Bél) is a commune in Arad County
Arad County () is an administrative division ( judeţ) of Romania roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with Hungary, mostly in the region of Crișana and ...
*
Birchiș
Birchiș ( hu, Marosberkes; german: Birkisch) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine ...
*
Bocsig
*
Brazii
*
Buteni
*
Cărand
*
Cermei
*
Chisindia
Chisindia ( hu, Keszend) is a commune in Arad County, Romania.Chisindia lies in the southern part of the Sebiș Basin
Sebiș ( hu, Borossebes) is a town in Arad County, western Transylvania, Romania. Situated 82 km from the county capital, ...
*
Conop
*
Covăsânț
*
Craiva
*
Dezna
*
Dieci
*
Dorobanți
Dorobanți is a neighborhood in Sector 1, Bucharest. The neighborhood is dominated by red brick buildings and glass buildings. Main intersections/squares are Perla, Dorobanți Square, , Charles de Gaulle Square, and Quito Square. Main streets a ...
*
Fântânele
*
Felnac
*
Frumușeni
Frumușeni (german: Schöndorf; hu, Szépfalu) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. It lies in the north-eastern part of the Vinga Plateau. It is composed of two villages, Aluniș (''Traunau''; ''Cseralja'') and Frumușeni (situated at 17 k ...
*
Ghioroc
Ghioroc ( hu, Gyorok) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Ghioroc commune is situated in the contact zone of Zărand Mountains and Arad Plateau, on the Matca channel, and it stretches over . It is composed of three villages: Cuvin (''Aradkövi'') ...
*
Grăniceri
*
Gurahonț
Gurahonț ( hu, Gurahonc) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungar ...
*
Hălmagiu
Hălmagiu ( hu, Nagyhalmágy ) is a commune in Arad County, Romania.
Hălmagiu commune is situated in the basin with the same name, at the confluence of the Hălmăgel and Crișul Alb Rivers, at the foot of Bihor Mountains. It stretches over 8400 ...
*
Hălmăgel
*
Hășmaș
Hășmaș ( hu, Bélhagymás) is a commune in Arad County, Crișana, Romania.
Hășmaș lies in the northern part of the Ineu Basin, at the contact zone of Cărand Hills with Mărăuș Hills and Codru-Moma Mountains, along the river Hășmaș. I ...
*
Ignești
*
Iratoșu
*
Livada
*
Macea
*
Mișca
Mișca ( hu, Tőzmiske) is a commune in Arad County, Romania, in the northern part of the Crișurilor Plateau, in the Teuz valley. Its surface is 1088 ha.
Administration
The commune is composed of four villages:
Population
According to the 2 ...
*
Moneasa
Moneasa ( hu, Menyháza) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Its administrative surface stretches over and it is composed of two villages, Moneasa and Rănușa (''Kisróna'').
Geography
The commune is located in the northeastern part of Arad C ...
*
Olari
*
Păuliș
*
Peregu Mare
*
Petriș
*
Pilu
*
Pleșcuța
*
Săvârșin
*
Secusigiu
*
Seleuș
Seleuș ( hu, Csigérszőllős) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. Seleuș commune lies in the eastern part of the Crișul Alb Plateau, along the river Cigher. Its administrative territory occupies 4122 hectare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha ...
*
Semlac
Semlac ( hu, Szemlak) is a commune located in Arad County, in the western part of Romania, near the border with Hungary, is situated in the south-western part of the Arad Plateau, in the large valley of the Mureș River. Its territory occupies . I ...
*
Sintea Mare
*
Socodor
Socodor ( hu, Székudvar) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungar ...
*
Șagu
Șagu ( hu, Németság, german: Segenthau) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to ...
*
Șeitin
*
Șepreuș
*
Șicula
Șicula ( hu, Sikula) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Chereluș (''Kerülős''), Gurba (''Garba'') and Șicula.
The commune is situated on the southern part of the Teuz Plateau, and is traversed by the Cri ...
*
Șilindia
*
Șimand
*
Șiria
Șiria (german: Hellburg; hu, Világos) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. According to the 2002 census it had 8,140 inhabitants.
The commune is situated at from Arad, its administrative territory covers , and it lies in the contact zone of ...
*
Șiștarovăț
*
Șofronea
Șofronea ( hu, Sofronya) is a commune in Arad County, Romania, lies in the Arad Plateau and it stretches over . It is composed of two villages, Sânpaul (''Szentpál''), and Șofronea. It is situated at from the county capital, Arad.
Populati ...
*
Tauț
Tauț ( hu, Feltót) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. It is situated in the contact zone of the Cigherului Hills and Zărandului Mountains, in the hydrographical basin of the river Cigher. The administrative territory of the commune is 10,617 ...
*
Târnova
*
Ususău
*
Vărădia de Mureș
*
Vârfurile
*
Vinga
Vinga is a commune in Arad County, western Romania, south of the county seat of Arad, with a population of 5,828 inhabitants (as of 2011).
Vinga is located in the northern section of the Banat. The people in Vinga are mainly Romanians, the sec ...
*
Vladimirescu
*
Zăbrani
*
Zădăreni
Zădăreni ( gsw, Saderlach; hu, Zádorlak) is a commune in Arad County, Romania, is situated in the northern part of the Vinga Plateau, along the Mureș valley. Its territory occupies 2145 hectare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI met ...
*
Zărand
Zărand ( hu, Zaránd) is a commune in Arad County, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary t ...
*
Zerind
*
Zimandu Nou
Historical county
Administration
In 1930, the county was divided into nine districts (''
plăși''):
[Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Arad]
/ref>
#Plasa Aradul-Nou (comprising 22 villages)
#Plasa Chișineu-Criș (comprising 19 villages)
#Plasa Hălmagiu (comprising 45 villages)
#Plasa Ineu (comprising 15 villages)
#Plasa Pecica (comprising 12 villages)
#Plasa Sfânta Ana (comprising 13 villages)
#Plasa Sebiș (comprising 37 villages)
#Plasa Șiria (comprising 11 villages)
#Plasa Radna (comprising 36 villages)
Subsequently, a tenth district was established having been carved out of Plasa Ineu:
- Plasa Târnova (comprising 16 villages)
Administration was re-organized in 1947, comprising 13 districts:[Arhivele Naționale ale României - Prefectura județului Arad 1867-1947]
/ref>
#Plasa Aradul-Nou
#Plasa Chișineu-Criș
#Plasa Curtici
#Plasa Gurahonț
#Plasa Hălmagiu
#Plasa Ineu
#Plasa Pecica
#Plasa Radna
#Plasa Săvârșin
#Plasa Sebiș
#Plasa Sfânta Ana
#Plasa Șiria
#Plasa Târnova
Population
According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 423,469 inhabitants, 61.0% Romanians, 19.5% Hungarians, 12.3% Germans, 2.8% Slovaks, 2.1% Jews, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, 55.8% declared Eastern Orthodox, 26.5% Roman Catholic, 5.5% Reformed, 4.2% Greek Catholic, 3.2% Lutherans, 2.4% Jewish, 1% Baptists, as well as other minorities.[Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 525-528]
Urban population
In 1930, the county's urban population was 77,181 inhabitants, 39.3% Romanians, 38.8% Hungarians, 9.1% Jews, 7.1% Germans, 1.7% Serbs and Croats, 1.4% Slovaks, as well as other minorities. In the urban area, languages were Hungarian (53.3%), Romanian (37.0%), German (6.0%), Serbian (1.4%), Yiddish (0.9%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of Roman Catholics (38.5%), Eastern Orthodox (33.8%), Jewish (10.1%), Reformed (9.9%), Greek Catholics (4.0%), Lutherans (2.6%), as well as other minorities.[
]
Industry
The county's capital, Arad, was the location of Romania's first automotive factory. During the 1920s, ''Astra'' cars and commercial vehicles were made at Arad. ASTRA Arad manufactured automobiles from 1922 to 1926. The factory had an output of 2 automobiles per working day as of 1922.[Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce, 1922, ''Commerce Reports, Volume 1'', p. 105]
See also
* Arad County of the Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coronation of the Hungarian monarch, c ...
References
External links
www.virtualarad.net
{{Authority control
Counties of Romania
1925 establishments in Romania
1938 disestablishments in Romania
States and territories disestablished in 1938
States and territories established in 1925
1940 establishments in Romania
1950 disestablishments in Romania
States and territories established in 1940
States and territories disestablished in 1950
1968 establishments in Romania
States and territories established in 1968