is a Japanese ''

cloisonné Cloisonné () is an ancient technique for decorating metalwork objects with colored material held in place or separated by metal strips or wire, normally of gold. In recent centuries, vitreous enamel has been used, but inlays of cut gemstones, ...

'' making company located in Sakae, Nagoya, central Japan.

History

Owari province was one of the foremost production centres of enamel in the country. During the

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characte ...

the Andō family operated a pipe shop called "''Murata-ya''". Andō Jubei (Jusaburo) (1876-1953) was born in Nagoya as the fourth child; he had three elder sisters. His mother died in May 1877 following an illness, and his father followed in September 1877. Orphaned at less than one year old, he was raised according to his father’s will by staff employers. His older sister married Andō Juzaemon, whose born name was Matsukichi. Together with his brother-in-law they made the ''cloisonné'' company a success. In 1893, Andō Juzaemon went to the

World's Columbian Exposition The World's Columbian Exposition (also known as the Chicago World's Fair) was a world's fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. The centerpiece of the Fair, hel ...

in Chicago. It was his first time to travel overseas, and he used the opportunity to study the market. In 1901 Andō Jubei went to the Glasgow International Exhibition, which was his first overseas travel, and he stayed for two years in a British home to study the market. After they returned to Japan, they invited

Kawade Shibatarō Kawade Shibatarō (, 1856–1921) was a Japanese artist working in (''cloisonné'' enamel). is a portmanteau of ("seven") and ("treasures") As head of the Ando Cloisonné Company, he introduced a number of technical innovations, expanding the ...

(1856–1921) as head of the studio, who further developed ''

plique-à-jour ''Plique-à-jour'' (French for "letting in daylight") is a vitreous enamelling technique where the enamel is applied in cells, similar to cloisonné, but with no backing in the final product, so light can shine through the transparent or trans ...

''. ''Cloisonné'' experienced strong growth around the time of the Paris '' Exposition Universelle'' in 1900. Japanese enamel work became sought after in the west and sourced many pieces from Toshima, which is the origin of Owari cloisonne. As of 1918, at least fifty ''cloisonné'' artists worked there. The company was given an Imperial Warrant of Appointment to the Japanese court. Ando ''cloisonné'' was also presented as state gifts. Manchukuo Prime Minister

Zheng Xiaoxu Zheng Xiaoxu (Cheng Hsiao-hsu; ; Hepburn: ''Tei Kōsho'') (2 April 1860 – 28 March 1938) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat and calligrapher. He served as the first Prime Minister of Manchukuo. Early life and diplomatic career Although Zhe ...

(1860-1938) wrote four Chinese characters in calligraphy in praise of a vase that was presented to him as a gift. It entered a cooperation with the watches maker

Seiko , commonly known as Seiko ( , ), is a Japanese maker of watches, clocks, electronic devices, semiconductors, jewelry, and optical products. Founded in 1881 by Kintarō Hattori in Tokyo, Seiko introduced one of the first quartz watches and the ...

to produce the dial for the limited edition "Presage" in 2018. It is one of the very few traditional ''cloisonné'' companies still left in Japan. The main store in Sakae has a small museum with objects by the Ando company and also Namikawa. Objects from Ando are held in the collection of the

Walters Art Museum The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934. It holds collections established during the mid-19th century. The museum's collection was amassed ...

and in the

Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.27 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and nam ...

Types

''Shipōyaki'' is a kind of ''cloisonné'', in which the base is covered by enamel and fused. The different types and techniques which are the marks of Ando include: * ''Musen shippō'' (無線七宝) wireless ''cloisonné'', enamel is applied to the body or to the wire while being painted, the wire is then removed before firing the object * ''Yūsen shippō'' (有線七宝) wired ''cloisonné'' with silver, a typical technique from Owari province * ''Moriage shippō'' (盛上七宝) is raised ''cloisonné'' above the wires. Kawade Shibataro was a master in this area, producing wares for the

Tokyo Imperial Palace The is the main residence of the Emperor of Japan. It is a large park-like area located in the Chiyoda district of the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo and contains several buildings including the where the Emperor has his living quarters, the where va ...

. * ''Tōtai shippō'' (透胎七宝) parts are cut into an object’s body, then filled with semi-translucent or translucent enamel resembling stained glass * ''Shōtai shippō'' (省胎七宝) uses translucent enamels applied through ''yūsen shippō'', but the metal is then dissolved in

nitric acid Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. The compound is colorless, but older samples tend to be yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitri ...

* ''Saiyū shippō'' / ''tsuiki shippō'' (彩釉七宝 / 鎚起七宝) is when the vessel has raised contours that have been hammered out, with coloured ''cloisonné'' applied on it * ''Émail shippō'' (エマイル七宝), the term is a composite of the French term for enamel and the Japanese term, which is basically a double glaze to prevent corrosion * ''Dōtai shippō'' (銅胎七宝) copper enamels * ''Gintai shippō'' (銀胎七宝) sterling silver enamels * ''Tōmeiyū shippō'' (透明釉七宝) transparent enamels * ''Han-tōmeiyū shippō'' (半透明釉七宝) translucent or semi-transparent enamels * ''Fu-tōmeiyū shippō'' (不透明釉七宝) opaque enamels File:Japanese cloisonne type Musen shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Yusen shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Moriage shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Totai shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Shotai shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Tuiki shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Gintai shippo.jpg, File:Japanese cloisonne type Tomeiyu shippo.jpg,

References

External links

Official Website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ando Cloisonne Company Vitreous enamel Manufacturing companies based in Nagoya Japanese brands Sakae, Nagoya

History

Types

See also

References

External links