The Acrididae
[MacLeay WS (1821) ''Horae Entomologicae or Essays on the Annulose Animals'' 2] are the predominant family of
grasshopper
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is possibly the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago.
Grasshopp ...
s, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder
Caelifera
The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and grasshopper-like insects, as well as other superfamilies classified with them: the ground-hoppers (Tetrigoidea) and pygmy mole crickets ( Tridactyloidea). ...
. The Acrididae are best known because all
locust
Locusts (derived from the Vulgar Latin ''locusta'', meaning grasshopper) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstanc ...
s (swarming grasshoppers) are of the Acrididae. The subfamily
Oedipodinae is sometimes classified as a distinct family Oedipodidae in the superfamily
Acridoidea
Acridoidea is the largest superfamily of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera with species found on every continent except Antarctica.
Classification
''Orthoptera Species File'' includes the following families:
*Acrididae MacLeay, 1821
* Derico ...
. Acrididae grasshoppers are characterized by relatively short and stout antennae, and
tympana on the side of the first abdominal segment.
Subfamilies
The ''Orthoptera Species File'' (September 2021) lists the following subfamilies of Acrididae. The numbers of genera and species are approximate and may change over time.
#
Acridinae
The grasshopper subfamily Acridinae, sometimes called silent slant-faced grasshoppers, belong of the large family Acrididae in the Orthoptera: Caelifera.
Description
In appearance, the species are often similar to those of the subfamily Gomphoc ...
MacLeay, 1821 (140 genera, 470 species), Worldwide: temperate and tropical
#
Calliptaminae
The Calliptaminae are a subfamily of grasshoppers containing species found in Africa, Europe and Asia; some are economically important. It was originally erected as a tribe by G.G. Jacobson in 1905 as the "Calliptamini", later uprated by Dirsh ...
Jacobson, 1905 (12 genera, 90 species), Africa, Europe, Asia
# Caryandinae
Yin & Liu, 1987 (3 genera, 100 species), Africa, Asia
## ''
Caryanda'' Stål, 1878
## ''
Cercina'' Stål, 1878
## ''
Lemba'' Huang, 1983 (China only)
#
Catantopinae
The subfamily Catantopinae is a group of insects classified under family Acrididae. Genera such as '' Macrotona'' may sometimes called "spur-throated grasshoppers", but that name is also used for grasshoppers from other subfamilies, including the ...
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (325 genera, 990 species), Africa, Asia ("spur-throated grasshoppers")
#
Copiocerinae
Copiocerinae is a subfamily of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are at least 20 genera in Copiocerinae, found in southern North America, Central America, and South America.
Tribes and Genera
There are three tribes in Cop ...
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (22 genera, 90 species), Central & South America
#
Coptacrinae
The Coptacrinae are a subfamily of Acrididae (originally described by Brunner von Wattenwyl under the synonym: Coptacrae) in the Orthoptera: Caelifera
The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and gras ...
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (20 genera, 110 species), Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia
#
Cyrtacanthacridinae
The Cyrtacanthacridinae are a subfamily of Orthoptera: Caelifera in the family Acrididae. They are sometimes referred-to as bird locusts, ''criquets voyageurs'' in French-speaking Africa, and ''Knarrschrecken'' in German.
It includes species o ...
Kirby, 1910 (38 genera, 170 species), Worldwide ("bird grasshoppers")
#
Egnatiinae Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko, 1951 (30 species), Africa to central Asia
#
Eremogryllinae
The AcrididaeMacLeay WS (1821) ''Horae Entomologicae or Essays on the Annulose Animals'' 2 are the predominant family of grasshoppers, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder Caelifera. The Acrididae are best known bec ...
Dirsh, 1956 (5 species), North Africa
## ''
Eremogryllus'' Krauss, 1902
## ''
Notopleura (grasshopper)'' Krauss, 1902
#
Euryphyminae Dirsh, 1956 (23 genera, 80 species), Africa including Madagascar
#
Eyprepocnemidinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (26 genera, 150 species), Africa, mainland Europe, Asia
#
Gomphocerinae
Gomphocerinae, sometimes called "slant-faced grasshoppers", are a subfamily of grasshoppers found on every continent but Antarctica and Australia.
Tribes and genera
Tribes and genera include:
Arcypterini
Auth.: Bolívar, 1914 - Africa, Palearc ...
Fieber, 1853 (192 genera, 1200 species), Worldwide
# Habrocneminae
Yin, 1982 (15 species), China, Indochina
## ''
Habrocnemis'' Uvarov, 1930
## ''
Longzhouacris'' You & Bi, 1983 - China only
## ''
Menglacris'' Jiang & Zheng, 1994 (syn. ''Tectiacris'' Wei & Zheng, 2005)- China
#
Hemiacridinae Dirsh, 1956 (45 genera, 180 species), Africa, Asia
#
Incolacridinae
The Incolacridinae are a small subfamily of grasshoppers found mostly in Indochina and Malesia.
Circumscription
The type genus is ''Incolacris'', originally based on the tribe "Incolacri", then elevated to subfamily level by S.Y. Storozhenko ...
Tinkham, 1940 (70 species), East Asia
## ''
Asymmetritania
''Asymmetritania''Storozhenko SY (2021) On the exact position of the tribe Incolacridini in the modern classification of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae). ''Zootaxa'' 4970(1): 113DOI/ref> is a genus of grasshoppers in the subfamily Incolacrid ...
'' Storozhenko, 2021
## ''
Bettotania
''Bettotania''Willemse C (1933) ''Natuurh. Maandbl.'' 22: 75. is a genus of grasshoppers in the subfamily Incolacridinae, not assigned to any tribe. Species have been recorded from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.
Species
The ''Orthoptera Specie ...
'' Willemse, 1933
## ''
Incolacris
''Incolacris''Willemse C (1932) ''Ann. Soc. ent. Fr.'' 101: 150. is the type genus of grasshoppers in the subfamily Incolacridinae (previously the tribe Incolacridini Tinkham, 1940). To date, species have been recorded from China, the Philippin ...
'' Willemse, 1932
## ''
Stolzia'' Willemse, 1930
#
Leptysminae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (21 genera, 70 species), Central and South America
# Marelliinae
Eades, 2000 (monotypic, 1 species), South America
## ''
Marellia'' Uvarov, 1929
#
Melanoplinae Scudder, 1897 (146 genera, 1100 species), Americas, Eurasia
#
Oedipodinae Walker, 1871 (138 genera, 790 species), Worldwide
#
Ommatolampidinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (115 genera, 290 species), South America
#
Oxyinae
Oxyinae is subfamily of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. Species are distributed throughout Africa (including Madagascar) and Australasia.
Tribes and Genera
According to the Orthoptera Species File there are two clearly defined tribes, O ...
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (33 genera, 210 species), Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Australasia
#
Pauliniinae Hebard, 1923 (monotypic, 1 species), South America
#
Pezotettiginae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (10 species), Europe, western Asia, Middle East
#
Proctolabinae Amédégnato, 1974 (29 genera, 210 species), Central and South America
#
Rhytidochrotinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (20 genera, 40 species), South America
#
Spathosterninae Rehn, 1957 (single tribe, currently with 3 genera and 12 species), Africa,
Indomalaya
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.
Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indi ...
, Australia
#
Teratodinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (8 genera, 20 species), Africa, southwest Asia
#
Tropidopolinae Jacobson, 1905 (13 genera, 30 species), Africa, southern Europe, Asia
''
incertae sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
''
* Tribe
Eucopiocerini Descamps, 1975 - central America
#''
Chapulacris'' Descamps, 1975
#''
Eucopiocera'' - monotypic ''E. rubripes'' Bruner, 1908
#''
Halffterina'' Descamps, 1975
#''
Leptalacris'' Descamps & Rowell, 1978 - monotypic ''L. fastigiata'' Descamps & Rowell, 1978
* unplaced genera:
#''
Atopacris''
Amédégnato & Poulain, 1998
#''
Castetsia''
Bolívar, 1902
#''
Jumandiacris''
Amédégnato & Poulain, 1998
#''
Melliacris''
Ramme, 1941
#''
Palandella''
Amédégnato & Poulain, 1998
#''
Pileolum''
Bolívar, 1917
#''
Tylotropidiopsis''
Storozhenko, 1992
#†''
Heeracris''
Zeuner, 1937
#†''
Menatacridium''
Piton, 1936
#†''
Taeniopodites''
Cockerell, 1909
#†''
Tyrbula''
Scudder, 1885
See also
List of Acrididae genera
References
External links
*
*
Orthoptera Species File (Version 5.0/5.0)
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7618284
Orthoptera families
Taxa named by William Sharp Macleay