Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia
Pic d'Anie (Basque Auñamendi) is a mountain of the Pyrenees in France, located close to the Spanish border. It is high.
The mountain boasts an almost perfect pyramidal shape and is surrounded by the spectacular karst landscape of. ''Larra'', i ...
is a
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlanti ...
department
Department may refer to:
* Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility
Government and military
*Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in the
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by t ...
region of south-western
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Aihertars''.
Geography
Ayherre is located in the Arberoue Valley in the former province of
Lower Navarre
Lower Navarre ( eu, Nafarroa Beherea/Baxenabarre; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; french: Basse-Navarre ; es, Baja Navarra) is a traditional region of the present-day French ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. It corresponds to the ...
some 23 km east by south-east of
Bayonne
Bayonne (; eu, Baiona ; oc, label= Gascon, Baiona ; es, Bayona) is a city in Southwestern France near the Spanish border. It is a commune and one of two subprefectures in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine re ...
and immediately east of
Hasparren
Hasparren (; eu, Hazparne) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. A resident of Hasparren is known as a 'Hazpandar'.
Geography Location
It's a ''commune fait partie'' of the Basque Province of Labo ...
. Access to the commune is by the D10 road from Hasparren which passes through the west of the commune and continues north to
La Bastide-Clairence
La Bastide-Clairence (; ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Bastidots'' or ''Bastidotes''.
The village is a member of th ...
. The D251 branches east off the D10 in the commune and goes to the village then continues east to
Isturits
Isturits (; also ''Isturitz'') is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.
It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre (''Arberoa'').Bonloc
Bonloc (; eu, Lekuine)LEKUINE
Saint-Esteben
Saint-Esteben () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.
It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre.
See also
*Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department
The following is a list of ...
passes through the south of the commune. The commune is mainly farmland with scattered forests.Google Maps /ref>
The commune is located in the
drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, t ...
of the
Adour
The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...
with a dense network of streams covering the commune, mostly flowing north-westwards, and including the Joyeuse, which forms part of the western border of the commune. The Arbéroue rises in the south of the commune and flows north gathering many tributaries before joining the Lihoury to the north.
basque
Basque may refer to:
* Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France
* Basque language, their language
Places
* Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France
* Basque Country (autonomous co ...
is ''Aiherra''Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (Eu icon) or ''Aiherre''. According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, the name comes from the basque ''ailherr'' ("incline"), giving the meaning "place on a slope".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
***In the Middle Ages Bildarraitz was an independent area without a church but with its own council, and a half-dozen homes were ennobled in 1435. The name may be the joining of ''bil-'', meaning "set" or "a round place", and ''araitz'', meaning "blackthorn", "prickly", or "briar".
Sources:
*Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''New Basque Toponymy''Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''New Basque Toponymy'', Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006,
*
Raymond
Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...
Cassini Map
The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...
from 1750Cassini Map 1750 – Ayherre /ref>
Origins:
*Camara: Titles of Camara of ComptosTitles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda - ''Diccionario de Antiguedades del reino de Navarra'', 1840, Pamplona
*Pamplona: Titles of
Pamplona
Pamplona (; eu, Iruña or ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. It is also the third-largest city in the greater Basque cultural region.
Lying at near above ...
Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda )
*Collations: Collations of the
Diocese of Bayonne
The Diocese of Bayonne, Lescar, and Oloron, commonly Diocese of Bayonne, (Latin: ''Dioecesis Baionensis, Lascurrensis et Oloronensis''; French language, French: ''Diocèse de Bayonne, Lescar et Oloron''; Basque language, Basque: ''Baionako, Leskar ...
Manuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Biscay: Martin Biscay
*Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIVDuchesne Collection, volumes 99 to 114, containing the papers of Oihenart, former Imperial Librarian -
Bibliothèque nationale de France
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (, 'National Library of France'; BnF) is the national library of France, located in Paris on two main sites known respectively as ''Richelieu'' and ''François-Mitterrand''. It is the national repository ...
History
On 18 March 1450,
Labourd
Labourd ( eu, Lapurdi; la, Lapurdum; Gascon: ''Labord'') is a former French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées Atlantiques ''département''. It is one of the traditional Basque provinces, and identified as one of the territorial c ...
returned to the French crown after the signing of a peace treaty at the Château of Belzunce in Ayherre which marked the end of English influence in the region. On that the representatives of Labourd made their submission and, upon payment of 2,000 gold
écu
The term ''écu'' () or crown may refer to one of several French coins. The first ''écu'' was a gold coin (the ''écu d'or'') minted during the reign of Louis IX of France, in 1266. ''Écu'' (from Latin ''scutum'') means shield, and the coin ...
s secured by the retention of 10 hostages, retained their privileges.
Heraldry
Administration
List of successive mayors
Inter-communality
The commune is part of six inter-communal structures:
* the
Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
The communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque ( eu, Euskal Hirigune Elkargoa), is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Bayonne and Biarritz. It is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques depa ...
* the AEP association of Arberoue
* the sanitation association of Adour-Ursula
* the energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
* the inter-communal association for the building of a retirement home in the Arberoue Valley
* the inter-communal association for the crafts zone in Ayherre
Demography
The declaration of rights in 1749 counted 162
fires
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are pr ...
in Ayherre (130 third estate, one priest, two members of the nobility (Arcangues and Belsunce) and 29 non-owners).
In 2017 the commune had 1,042 inhabitants.
Economy
Economic activity in the commune is mainly agricultural. The commune is part of the
Appellation d'origine contrôlée
An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical boun ...
(AOC) zone of
Ossau-iraty
Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan-Basque cheese made from sheep milk.
Origin
Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in Bé ...
.
The Lauak company (aeronautical and aerospace industry) is located in the industrial zone of Ayherre.
The Uhagun Mill on the
Aran
Aran m
Places Azerbaijan
Villages and municipalities:
* Aran, Aghjabadi
* Aran, Lerik
* Aran, Shaki
* Aran, Tovuz
* Aran, Yevlakh
Iran
* Aran, Alborz, a village in Alborz Province
* Aran, Nain, a village in Isfahan Province
* Aran, K ...
dates to the 19th century and has been converted into a hydro-electric plant.
Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
The commune has three sites that are registered as historical monuments:
*The Château de Belzunce (13th century)
*Prehistoric fortifications on Mount AbarratiaMinistry of Culture, Mérimée
*Prehistoric fortifications (''Gaztelu Zahar'' of three levels)
Religious heritage
The Parish Church of Saint Pierre (17th century) is registered as an historical monument.Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
Education
The commune has two primary schools: one in the town and one private school of the Immaculate Conception.
Bertsolari
Bertsolaritza or bertsolarism is the art of singing extemporaneously composed songs in Basque according to various melodies and rhyming patterns. Bertsos can be composed at a variety of occasions but are performed generally by one or various '' ...
, writer, and French academic in the Basque language. He was an active promoter of basque traditions and particularly attached to the basque modes of expression such as the bertsolarism and
Basque Pelota
Basque pelota (Basque: '' pilota'', Spanish: '' pelota vasca'', French: '' pelote basque'') is the name for a variety of court sports played with a ball using one's hand, a racket, a wooden bat or a basket, against a wall (''frontis or fronton ...
. He was priest of Ayherre from 1969 to 1980.
See also
*
Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department
The following is a list of the 546 Communes of France, communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department of France.
The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 202 ...