Johann Baptist August Cramer (10 November 1860 – 5 September 1912) was a Swiss-German

neuropathologist Neuropathology is the study of disease of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical biopsies or whole-body autopsies. Neuropathologists usually work in a department of anatomic pathology, but work closely with the clinic ...

and

psychiatrist A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, study, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists are physicians and evaluate patients to determine whether their sy ...

who was a native of the canton St. Gallen. He studied medicine in

Marburg Marburg ( or ) is a university town in the German federal state (''Bundesland'') of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (''Landkreis''). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximate ...

and Freiburg, earning his medical doctorate in 1887. In 1889 be began work at a mental asylum in Eberswalde, and in 1895 received his habilitation in

psychiatry Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders. These include various maladaptations related to mood, behaviour, cognition, and perceptions. See glossary of psychiatry. Initial psych ...

at the

University of Göttingen The University of Göttingen, officially the Georg August University of Göttingen, (german: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Founded ...

, where he subsequently became a professor and director of the psychiatric clinic. At

Göttingen Göttingen (, , ; nds, Chöttingen) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. At the end of 2019, t ...

he helped establish the ''Provinzial-Jugendheim'', an institution for treatment and education of psychopathic youth. Cramer published numerous essays on

clinical psychiatry Clinical psychology is an integration of social science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and persona ...

, brain

pathology Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in ...

, pathological anatomy, et al. Among his better known books were a treatise on forensic psychiatry titled ''Gerichtliche Psychiatrie. Ein Leitfaden für Mediziner und Juristen'', and a textbook of nervous disorders in children that he co-authored with

Ludwig Bruns Ludwig Bruns (25 June 1858 – 9 November 1916) was a German neurologist who was a native of Hanover. He studied medicine in Göttingen (since 1878: member of Corps Hannovera Göttingen) and Munich, receiving his doctorate in 1882. Subsequently, ...

(1858–1916) and

Theodor Ziehen Georg Theodor Ziehen (12 November 1862 – 29 December 1950) was a German neurologist and psychiatrist born in Frankfurt am Main. He was the son of noted author, Eduard Ziehen (1819–1884). Education and career As a gymnasium student, Ziehen s ...

(1862–1950) called ''Handbuch der Nervenkrankheiten im Kindesalter''.

References

Pagel: Biographical Dictionary
(translated biography)

Child & Adolescent Psychiatry- University of Göttingen

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cramer, August 1912 deaths 1860 births German psychiatrists University of Göttingen faculty People from the canton of St. Gallen