''Asteridae'' is an obsolete
botanical name
A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the '' International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the ''Intern ...
at the rank of
subclass. Composition of the subclass has also varied; however, by definition it always includes the family
Asteraceae
The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae w ...
(Compositae). In the modern
APG IV system
The APG IV system of flowering plant classification is the fourth version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy for flowering plants (angiosperms) being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). It was publishe ...
of classification,
asterid and
euasterid are names for clades with a composition similar to that of Asteridae.
One of the better-known and more influential systems that formally recognized subclass Asteridae was the
Cronquist system devised by botanist
Arthur Cronquist, which included the orders:
*
Gentianales
*
Solanales
*
Lamiales
*
Callitrichales
Callitrichales is a proposed order of flowering plants. As circumscribed by American botanist Arthur Cronquist in the Cronquist system (1981), the order included three families:
* Hippuridaceae
* Callitrichaceae
* Hydrostachyaceae
A feature is t ...
*
Plantaginales
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a large, diverse family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as Antirrhinum, snapdragon and Digitalis, foxglove. It is unrelated to the true plantai ...
*
Scrophulariales
*
Campanulales
*
Rubiales
Rubiales was an order of flowering plants in the Cronquist system, including the families Rubiaceae and Theligonaceae. The latest APG system (2009) does not recognize this order and places the families within Gentianales
Gentianales is an or ...
*
Dipsacales
*
Calycerales
*
Asterales
Most of the above orders as defined by Cronquist have definitely been dramatically redefined on the basis of recent molecular systematic studies.
To a large extent Cronquist's subclass Asteridae corresponds with the older concepts of
Sympetalae and
Tubiflorae
''Tubiflorae'' is a botanical name, meaning “with tubular flowers”. It was used in the Engler system (and derived systems such as the Wettstein system) for:
* an order in the ''Sympetalae''. This order included such families as ''Convolvulac ...
, groups that were defined by having their petals united into a tube. However, these older classifications contained some sympetalous families, such as
Cucurbitaceae, that are now known not to be closely related. Cronquist's concept also corresponds closely with the
APG II
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...
group of
euasterids but the APG does not formally recognize a group called "Asteridae" (or any other group above the rank of order).
Recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that several families, including three major orders not included in Asteridae by Cronquist,
Ericales
The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons. Species in this order have considerable commercial importance including for Camellia sinensis, tea, persimmon, blueberry, kiwifruit, Brazil nuts, Argania, argan, and azalea. The order i ...
,
Cornales, and
Apiales, also belong to the asterid group. The circumscription of subclass Asteridae, as well as the circumscriptions of the orders contained within it, is currently in a state of flux; many systematic botanists refer to these as clades (
asterids
In the APG IV system (2016) for the classification of flowering plants, the name asterids denotes a clade (a monophyletic group). Asterids is the largest group of flowering plants, with more than 80,000 species, about a third of the total floweri ...
,
euasterids, etc.), rather than use formal names such as subclass Asteridae.
External links
Asteridae(Cronquist system)
AsteridsPhylogeny and the evolution of flower symmetry in the AsteridaeThe Phylogeny of the Asteridae sensu lato Based on Chloroplast ndhF Gene Sequences
(link to abstract)
Phylogeny of the Asteridae s. str. based on rbcL sequences, with particular reference to the Dipsacales
{Dead link, date=February 2020 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes (link to abstract)
Historically recognized angiosperm taxa
no:Kurvplanter
pl:Astrowe