Arthur von Hippel (24 October 1841 – 26 October 1916) was a German ophthalmologist who was a native of Fischhausen,

East Prussia East Prussia ; german: Ostpreißen, label=Low Prussian; pl, Prusy Wschodnie; lt, Rytų Prūsija was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 187 ...

. He was the father of criminal lawyer

Robert von Hippel Robert Wilhelm Ferdinand von Hippel (8 July 1866 - 16 June 1951) was a German jurist and University lecturer born in Königsberg. Family Robert was the son of Arthur von Hippel (physician) and elder brother of Eugen von Hippel and ''Richard von ...

(1866-1951),

ophthalmologist Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgery, surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Followin ...

Eugen von Hippel Eugen Adolf Arthur von Hippel (3 August 1867 – 4 July 1939) was a German ophthalmologist born in Königsberg. Family Eugen is the son of Arthur von Hippel (physician), brother of Robert von Hippel and Richard von Hippel, and uncle of Arthur R. ...

(1867-1938) and

surgeon In modern medicine, a surgeon is a medical professional who performs surgery. Although there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon usually is also a licensed physician or received the same medical training as ...

Richard von Hippel (1869-1918). Arthur von Hippel studied medicine at the Universities of Königsberg, Munich and Berlin, where he earned his doctorate in 1864. Following graduation he furthered his training in Prague, and afterwards became an assistant at the eye clinic at Konigsberg. In 1879 he became a "full professor" of ophthalmology at the University of Giessen, and in 1890 returned as a professor to the University of Königsberg. In 1892 he attained the chair of ophthalmology at the University of Halle, and in 1901 went to Göttingen, where he was director of the newly founded University Eye Clinic. He retired in 1914, and was replaced at the Göttingen eye clinic by his son Eugen. Von Hippel made contributions in his research of intraocular pressure, color blindness and near-sightedness, but is remembered for his pioneer work in lamellar keratoplasty. In 1886, he grafted a full-thickness cornea from a rabbit into the lamellar bed of a young female patient. After the operation the girl was able to count fingers at a distance of two meters, for a visual acuity of 20/200. He is also credited for the invention of a mechanized

trephine A trephine (; from Greek ''trypanon'', meaning an instrument for boring). is a surgical instrument with a cylindrical blade. It can be of one of several dimensions and designs depending on what it is meant to be used for. They may be specially d ...

for corneal procedures. This device became the prototype for trephines that are used in ophthalmology today. *Note: Arthur von Hippel is sometimes confused with his grandson

Arthur Robert von Hippel Arthur Robert von Hippel (November 19, 1898 – December 31, 2003) was a German American materials scientist and physicist. Von Hippel was a pioneer in the study of dielectrics, ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials, and semiconductors a ...

(1898-2003), a German-American physicist.

References

History of Ophthalmology; Evolution of Keratoplasty in Nineteenth Century
*

(biography of Arthur von Hippel)

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hippel, Arthur von 1841 births 1916 deaths People from Primorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast People from the Province of Prussia German untitled nobility German ophthalmologists Academic staff of the University of Göttingen Academic staff of the University of Giessen