The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Izmir ( la, Archidioecesis Smyrnensis) is a Latin
archdiocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
of the
Roman Catholic Church in Asian
Turkey (Anatolia).
The archdiocese's
cathedral motherchurch and thus see of its archbishop is
St. John's Cathedral.
It also includes a
World Heritage Site: Meryem Ana Evi Meryem Ana Evi, Bülbüldağı.
Martin Kmetec O.F.M.Conv., was appointed Archbishop of İzmir by
Pope Francis on 8 December 2020.
History
In 1346 was established a Latin Archdiocese of Smyrna (Smirne).
In 1575 it was suppressed as residential see but immediately transformed into a Latin
titular archbishopric. The title was held by:
* Eugenio di Pesaro,
O.E.S.A.
The Order of Saint Augustine, ( la, Ordo Fratrum Sancti Augustini) abbreviated OSA, is a religious mendicant order of the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1244 by bringing together several eremitical groups in the Tuscany region who were fo ...
(1575.11.16 – ?)
* Agostino Buzio di Varese,
O.F.M. (1580.07.04 – ?)
* Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo (1595.10.23 – 1600.04.02) (later Cardinal*)
In 1625 the residential see was restored, but demoted to missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction, as the Apostolic Vicariate of Smyrna.
It was promoted to the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Izmir by
Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII ( it, Pio VII; born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 March 1800 to his death in August 1823. Chiaramonti was also a m ...
on 18 March 1818, though it lacked the
suffragan sees
A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations.
In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdiction ...
that normally constitute the
ecclesiastical province under a
metropolitan archdiocese.
On 12 September 1896 it gained territory from the suppressed
Apostolic Prefecture of Trabzon
The Apostolic Vicariate of Anatolia ( la, Vicariatus Apostolicus Anatoliensis, tr, Anadolu Havarisel Vekilliği) is a Roman Catholic Latin apostolic vicariate in the eastern half of Anatolia (Asian Turkey).
The missionary pre-diocesan jur ...
, on 20 July 1931 it lost territory to the
Diocese of Chios (insular Greece).
It has been visited by
Pope Paul VI in July 1967,
Pope John Paul II in November 1979, and
Pope Benedict XVI in November 2006.
According to the current bishop, around 5,000 Catholics live in the diocese, though the number could be higher if one factors in refugees and migrants. "They mainly live in the inner-city areas of Izmir and other large cities. We have communities also in Konya, Antalya and other cities along the coast. In terms of geographical area, our archdiocese is very large, comprising about 100,000 square kilometres. The last parish that belongs to us is Konya, which is located about 550 kilometres from Izmir; its southern counterpart is Antalya, which is about 450 kilometres away. That shows you how great the distances are."
Ordinaries
(all
Roman Rite
The Roman Rite ( la, Ritus Romanus) is the primary liturgical rite of the Latin Church, the largest of the ''sui iuris'' particular churches that comprise the Catholic Church. It developed in the Latin language in the city of Rome and, while dist ...
)
Crusader age
;Archbishops of Smyrna (Smirne)
* Guillaume Adam,
Dominican Order (O.P.) (1318 – 1322.10.06), later Archbishop of
Soltania (1322.10.06 – 1324.10.26), Metropolitan Archbishop of
Bar
Bar or BAR may refer to:
Food and drink
* Bar (establishment), selling alcoholic beverages
* Candy bar
* Chocolate bar
Science and technology
* Bar (river morphology), a deposit of sediment
* Bar (tropical cyclone), a layer of cloud
* Bar (u ...
(Montenegro) (1324.10.26 – death 1341)
* Benedetto (1343 – ?)
*
Paolo di Tebe (1345.07.10 – 1357.05.15), later Metropolitan Archbishop of
Thebae (Thebes, Greece) (1357.05.15 – 1366.04.17),
Latin Titular Patriarch of Constantinople (1366.04.17 – death 1370),
Apostolic Administrator of
Patrasso
The Latin Archbishopric of Patras is the see of Patras in the period in which its incumbents belonged to the Latin or Western Church. This period began in 1205 with the installation in the see of a Catholic archbishop following the Fourth Crusade. ...
(1367.10.20 – 1370)
* Pietro da Piacenza,
Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (1358.01.31 – 1362.03.04), later
Archbishop-Bishop of
Olena Olena, Olenna ( uk, Олена) is a Ukrainian variant of the feminine name Helen. It is of Greek origin and means "sun ray" or "shining light". Variants of the name Olena include: Alena, Elena, Jelena, Lena, Lenya, Lenochka, Olinia, Olinija, Olen ...
(1362.03.04 – ?)
* Tommaso di Savignon, O.F.M. (1362.06.10 – ?)
* Raimondo di San Michele,
Carmelite Order
, image =
, caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites
, abbreviation = OCarm
, formation = Late 12th century
, founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel
, founding_location = Mount Ca ...
(O. Carm.) (1373.02.14 – ?)
* Giorgio Dalmato, O. Carm. (1379.09.06 – ?)
* Giovanni di Berriaco,
Augustinian Order (O.E.S.A.) (1386.10.10 – ?)
* Giovanni di Leicester, O. Carm. (1398 – ?)
* Paolo (1410 – ?)
* Francesco di Monte Granelli, O.F.M. (1412.06.04 – ?)
Modern age
Apostolic Vicars of Smyrna (Smirne)
* Pietro de Marchi, O.P. (1625.02.19 – death 1648.07.13), previously Bishop of
Santorini
Santorini ( el, Σαντορίνη, ), officially Thira (Greek: Θήρα ) and classical Greek Thera (English pronunciation ), is an island in the southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km (120 mi) southeast from the Greek mainland. It is the ...
(insular Greece) (1611.04.18 – 1625.02.19)
* Giacinto Subiani, O.P. (1648.07.13 – 1652.03.05),
Titular Archbishop of
Edessa
Edessa (; grc, Ἔδεσσα, Édessa) was an ancient city (''polis'') in Upper Mesopotamia, founded during the Hellenistic period by King Seleucus I Nicator (), founder of the Seleucid Empire. It later became capital of the Kingdom of Osroene ...
(1644.11.14 – 1648.07.13), succeeding as former
Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Smyrna (1644.11.14 – 1648.07.13), later Apostolic Vicar of
Constantinopole
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis (" ...
(Turkey) (1652.03.05 – 1656.10.15)
* Leone Macripodari (1659.04.05 – 1689)
*
Antonio Giustiniani (1690.01.13 – 1694.02.08), later Bishop of
Syros (Greece) (1694.02.08 – 1701.01.24),
Apostolic Administrator of
Diocese of Andros (insular Greece) (1698.05.02 – ?), Metropolitan Archbishop of
Naxos (insular Greece) (1701.01.24 – death 1730.03)
*
Apostolic Administrator Daniel Duranti
Daniel Duranti (1633 - 1712 or 1713) was an Italian Catholic priest, mostly known for serving as Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Skopje and Apostolic Vicar of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Izmir.
Duranti was born in Arezzo
Arezz ...
, O.F.M. (1696.06.07 – 1706?; ''see below''), while Metropolitan Archbishop of
Skopje (Macedonia) (1690.12.11 – 1702.07.29)
* Fr. Nicolaus de Camillis (1706.05.12 – 1710.05.07), later Bishop of
Syros (Greece) (1710.05.07 – 1710 not possessed)
*
Apostolic Administrator Daniel Duranti, O.F.M. (''see above'' 1708.06.23 – 1713.08.17), retired Metropolitan Archbishop of
Skopje (Macedonia)
* Davide di San Carlo,
Discalced Carmelites (O.C.D.) (1713.11.23 – death 1715.04.18)
* Filippo Bavestrelli (1715.08.09 – 1720.09.30), later Bishop of
Chios (insular Greece) (1720.09.30 – death 1754.04.06)
* Pietro Battista di Garbagnate,
Reformed Franciscans (O.F.M. Ref.) (1718.04.09 – 1720.06.15), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Cartagine (1720.06.15 – death 1730.04.11)
* Pietro Francesco Lombardi, O.F.M. Ref. (1720.08.30 – 1721.07.05), emeritate as Titular Bishop of
Talia (1721.07.05 – death 1722)
*
Bishop-elect Antonio Maturi, O.F.M. (1722.04.15 – 1731.05.21), later Bishop of
Syros (Greece) (1731.05.21 – 1733.04.13), Metropolitan Archbishop of
Naxos (Greece) (1733.04.13 – 1749.07.21),
Archbishop-Bishop of above Syros (1749.07.21 – death 1750.10)
* Dario de Longhis, O.F.M. (1730.09.02 – 1735.05.25), later Bishop of
Syros (Greece) (1735.05.25 – retired 1748.07.27)
* Gerolamo di Peraino, O.F.M. Ref. (1735.02.05 – 1747)
* Joannes Baptista Bavestrelli (1747.05.12 – 1754.09.16), later Bishop of
Chios (insular Greece) (1754.09.16 – 1772.08.31), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Heraclea (1772.08.31 – death 1777.04.20)
* Eusebio Franzosini, O.P. (1754.12.20 – 1763)
* Domenico di Valdagno, O.F.M. Ref. (1763.08.26 – 1779)
* Pietro Graveri di Moretta, O.F.M. Obs. (1779.12.23 – 1781.08.17)
* Giulio Maria Pecori d’Ameno, O.F.M. (1781.08.18 – 1788.09.23), later Titular Bishop of
Aradus
''Aradus'' is a genus of true bugs in the family Aradidae, the flat bugs. It is distributed worldwide, mainly in the Holarctic.Larivière, M. C. and A. Larochelle. (2006)An overview of flat bug genera (Hemiptera, Aradidae) from New Zealand, with ...
(1788.09.23 – death 1796.02.28) & Apostolic Vicar of
Constantinopole
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis (" ...
(Turkey) (1788.09.23 – 1796.02.28)
* Pasquale Orlandini da Bergamo, O.F.M. Ref. (1790.04.16 – 1817.06.26)
*
Bishop-elect Luigi Maria Cardelli, O.F.M. Ref. (1817.06.26 – 1818.03.18 ''see below''), succeeding as former
Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Smyrna (? – 1817.06.26)
Metropolitan Archbishops of Izmir (Smyrna)
* Luigi Maria Cardelli, O.F.M. Ref. (''see above'' 1818.03.18 – 1832.08.29), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Acrida
''Acrida'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. The genus contains around 40 species which are found in Africa, Europe, Asia, North America, Hawaii, and Australia. Insects of this genus are omnivorous and a well-known pest of many ...
(1832.09.11 – 1868.06.11)
* Pierre-Dominique-Marcellin Bonamie,
Picpus Fathers (SS.CC.) (1835.02.13 – 1837.11.24), previously Latin Bishop of
Baghdad (Iraq) (1832.05.04 – 1835.02.13); later
Superior General
A superior general or general superior is the leader or head of a religious institute in the Catholic Church and some other Christian denominations. The superior general usually holds supreme executive authority in the religious community, while t ...
of
Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (Picpus Fathers) (1837.05.04 – 1853.07.26), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Chalcedon (1837.11.24 – death 1874.07.08)
* Antonio Mussabini (1838.03.06 – death 1861.05.04)
* Giuseppe Maria Alberti (1862.01.07 – 1862.03.23 ''not possessed''), previously Titular Bishop of Eumenia (1843.03.21 – 1851.10.30), Coadjutor Bishop of
Syros (Greece) (1843.03.21 – 1851.10.30) succeeding as Bishop of Syros (1851.10.30 – death 1880.03.18)
* Vincent Spaccapietra (1862.04.08 – death 1878.11.24),
Lazarists (C.M.), previously Titular Bishop of
Arcadiopolis
Bergule or Bergula or Bergoule ( grc, Βεργούλη), also Bergulium or Bergoulion (Βεργούλιον), also called Bergulae or Virgulae, was a town in ancient Thrace, which was in later times called Arcadiopolis, Arcadiupolis, or Arkadioupo ...
(1852.11.21 – 1855.04.18), Metropolitan Archbishop of
Port of Spain
Port of Spain (Spanish: ''Puerto España''), officially the City of Port of Spain (also stylized Port-of-Spain), is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago and the third largest municipality, after Chaguanas and San Fernando. The city has a municip ...
(Trinidad and Tobago) (1855.04.18 – 1859.09.12), Titular Archbishop of
Ancyra (1859.09.12 – 1862.04.08)
*
Andrea Policarpo Timoni (1879.05.27 – 1904.08.01)
* Domenico Raffaele Francesco Marengo,
O.P. (1904.08.01 – death 1909.06.12), succeeding as former
Coadjutor Archbishop of Izmir (1904.03.08 – 1904.08.01) & Titular Archbishop of
Titopolis (1904.03.08 – 1904.08.01)
* Giuseppe Antonio Zucchetti,
Order of Friars Minor Capuchin
The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (; postnominal abbr. O.F.M. Cap.) is a religious order of Franciscan friars within the Catholic Church, one of Three " First Orders" that reformed from the Franciscan Friars Minor Observant (OFM Obs., now OFM ...
(O.F.M.Cap.) (1909.12.22 – death 1920.03.08), former Apostolic Prefect of
Mardin
Mardin ( ku, Mêrdîn; ar, ماردين; syr, ܡܪܕܝܢ, Merdīn; hy, Մարդին) is a city in southeastern Turkey. The capital of Mardin Province, it is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on ...
(Turkey) (1879 – 1909.12.22); emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Trapezus (1920.03.08 – death 1931.06.01)
*
Giovanni Battista Federico Vallega Giovanni Battista Federico Vallega, sometimes Giambattista Federico Vallega (12 April 1876 – 4 December 1944) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Izmir, Turkey, from 1921 to 1929 and served in the Roman Curia.
Bio ...
(1921.01.24 – 1929.03.01); later Titular Archbishop of
Nicopolis in Epiro
Nicopolis ( grc-gre, Νικόπολις, Nikópolis, City of Victory) or Actia Nicopolis was the capital city of the Roman province of Epirus Vetus. It was located in the western part of the modern state of Greece. The city was founded in 29 ...
(1929.03.01 – death 1944.12.04),
Apostolic Nuncio (papal ambassador) to
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
(1939.08.13 – retired 1939.12.09)
*
Apostolic Administrator Giovanni Battista Dellepiane Giovanni Battista Dellepiane (21 February 1889 – 13 August 1961) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who spent his career in the diplomatic service of the Holy See, including nineteen years leading the Vatican's mission to the Belgian Co ...
(1929.02.27 – 1930.01.18),
Titular Archbishop of
Stauropolis (1929.07.18 – 1961.08.13), later papal diplomat:
Apostolic Delegate to
Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi (1930.01.18 – 1949.01.12),
Apostolic Nuncio to
Austria (1949.01.12 – 1951.12.21), Apostolic Nuncio to Austria (1951.12.21 – death 1961.08.13)
*
Eduardo Tonna
Eduardo is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the male given name Edward. Another version is Duarte. It may refer to:
Association football
* Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean football player and sports commentator
* Eduardo Carvalho, Portuguese footba ...
(1929.11.26 – 1937.12.02), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Garella
Garella ( gr, Γάρελλα) was a Byzantine town and fortress, best known from its history as an episcopal see. Its site is occupied by the modern village of Altınyazı, in Edirne Province of Turkey.
History
Historical references to the town ...
(1937.12.02 – 1939.04.15) and finally Titular
Archbishop of Miletus (1939.04.15 – 1963.11.07)
* Joseph Emmanuel Descuffi,
C.M. (1937.12.03 – 1965.11.04), later Titular Archbishop of
Antinoë (1965.11.04 – 1971?, died 1972)
*
Alfred Cuthbert Gumbinger
Alfred may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
*''Alfred J. Kwak'', Dutch-German-Japanese anime television series
* ''Alfred'' (Arne opera), a 1740 masque by Thomas Arne
* ''Alfred'' (Dvořák), an 1870 opera by Antonín Dvořák
*"Alfred (Interlu ...
,
OFM Cap (1965.11.04 – death 1966.08.31)
*
Apostolic Administrator Saverio Zupi (1966 – 1967.09.09), Titular Archbishop of
Serra
Serra (Latin for "saw") may refer to:
People
* Serra (footballer) (born 1961), Portuguese footballer
* Serra (surname)
* Serra (given name)
Cities, towns, municipalities Brazil
*Serra, Espírito Santo, a city in the Greater Vitória area
*Ampar ...
(1961.10.28 – 1983.03.01), papal diplomat
* Giovanni Enrico Boccella,
T.O.R. (1967.09.09 – 1978.12.07), emeritate as Titular Archbishop of
Ephesus
Ephesus (; grc-gre, Ἔφεσος, Éphesos; tr, Efes; may ultimately derive from hit, 𒀀𒉺𒊭, Apaša) was a city in ancient Greece on the coast of Ionia, southwest of present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was built in t ...
(1978.12.07 – death 1992.05.22)
* Domenico Caloyera, O.P. (1978.12.07 – 1983.01.22), previously
Apostolic Administrator ''sede plena'' of
Istanbul of the Greeks
The Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Istanbul (or of Constantinople) (''Exarchatus Apostolicus Constantinopolitanus'') is the senior of two missionary pre-diocesan Eastern Catholic jurisdictions that constitute the Greek Byzantine Catholic C ...
(Turkey) (1955.05.27 – 1957.01.28), Apostolic Administrator of Istanbul of the Greeks (Turkey) (1957.01.28 – 1973)
*
Giuseppe Germano Bernardini, O.F.M. Cap. (1983.01.22 – retired 2004.10.11)
*
Ruggero Franceschini, O.F.M. Cap. (2004.10.11 – 7 November 2015)
[
* Lorenzo Piretto, O.P. (7 November 2015 - 8 December 2020)]
See also
* Catholicism in Turkey
* Metropolis of Smyrna
The Metropolis of Smyrna ( el, Μητρόπολη Σμύρνης) is an ecclesiastical territory (diocese) of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, modern Turkey. The Christian community of Smyrna was one of the Seven Churches of Asia, m ...
(Greek Orthodox)
* Apostolic Vicariate of Istanbul
References
;Additional sources
*
External links
Catholic-Hierarchy
{{DEFAULTSORT:Izmir, Archdiocese
Christianity in İzmir
Roman Catholic dioceses in Turkey
Religious organizations established in 1818
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 19th century
1818 establishments in the Ottoman Empire