Apogastropoda was previously used as a major

taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...

grouping of

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s. This infraclass mostly consisted of marine limpets and operculate snails. At least 20,000

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

were considered to exist within the two clades that were included, Heterobranchia and

Caenogastropoda Caenogastropoda is a taxonomic clade, a large diverse group which are mostly sea snails and other marine gastropod mollusks, but also includes some freshwater snails and some land snails. The clade is the most diverse and ecologically successfu ...

Description

Gastropods that were placed in this taxon have bifurcate

tentacle In zoology, a tentacle is a flexible, mobile, and elongated organ present in some species of animals, most of them invertebrates. In animal anatomy, tentacles usually occur in one or more pairs. Anatomically, the tentacles of animals work main ...

nerves and two pedal commissures.

Reasons for establishing

Older morphological and molecular studies appeared to show that the Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia should be considered as sister taxa, comprising the Apogastropoda. This taxon was used in

taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Ponder & Lindberg, 1997) The taxonomy of the Gastropoda, as revised by Winston Ponder and David R. Lindberg in 1997, is an older taxonomy of the class Gastropoda, the class of molluscs consisting of all snails and slugs. The full name of the work in which this taxonomy wa ...

Reasons for rejection

However this taxonomic grouping is no longer used (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). It is out-dated because more recent molecular studies have proved that it contains two separate evolutionary lineages, the two clades mentioned above. Apogastropoda was also rejected according to the

nucleotide sequence A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. By convention, sequences are usua ...

mitochondrial genome Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial D ...

in 2008.

Synonyms

*Anaclodonta *Archaeobranchia *Architectonicoida *Ctenobranchia *Gymnoglossa *Heterophrosynidae *Oligopteria *Orbacea *Peristomacea *Potamophila *Taenioglossa

Taxonomy

Apogastropoda comprised taxa as follows according to the

: ''Superorder''

''Cox, 1960'' *Order

Architaenioglossa Architaenioglossa is a taxonomic group of snails which have gills and often an operculum. They are primarily land and freshwater gastropod mollusks within the clade Caenogastropoda. This " informal group" has been shown to be polyphyletic in a s ...

Haller, 1890 **Superfamily

Ampullarioidea Ampullarioidea is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic superfamily of freshwater snails, Aquatic animal, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the informal group Architaenioglossa, which belongs to the clade Caenogastropoda (unassigned). Families * Ampu ...

J.E. Gray, 1824 **Superfamily

Cyclophoroidea Cyclophoroidea is a superfamily of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropods within the informal group Architaenioglossa, that belongs to the clade Caenogastropoda.Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; Gofas, S. (2015). Cyclophoroidea Gray, ...

J.E. Gray, 1847 (terrestrial) *Order

Sorbeoconcha Sorbeoconcha is a taxonomic clade of snails, i.e. gastropods, mainly marine species with gills and opercula, within the clade Caenogastropoda. The taxon Sorbeoconcha was named by Winston Ponder and David R. Lindberg in 1997. Taxonomy 1 ...

Ponder &

Lindberg Lindberg is a municipality in the district of Regen in Bavaria in Germany in the immediate neighbourhood of the larger town Zwiesel. Location Lindberg lies in the Danube Forest (''Donau-Wald'') region in the middle of the Bavarian Forest on ...

, 1997 **Suborder

Cerithiimorpha The Cerithiimorpha was a suborder of marine gastropods within the Sorbeoconcha. This taxon is no longer valid according to the current taxonomy of Bouchet and Rocroi. The previous classification system was as follows: * subclassis = Orthogast ...

Golikov & Starobogatov, 1975 ***Superfamily Spanionematoidea **Suborder

Hypsogastropoda Hypsogastropoda is a clade containing marine gastropods within the clade Caenogastropoda. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Hypsogastropoda. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=t ...

Ponder &

, 1997 ***Infraorder Littorinimorpha Golikov & Starobogatov, 1975 ****Superfamily

Calyptraeoidea The Calyptraeidae are a family of small to medium-sized marine prosobranch gastropods. MolluscaBase. Calyptraeidae Lamarck, 1809. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141 o ...

Lamarck, 1809 ****Superfamily

Capuloidea The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.Gofas, S. (2012). Capulidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.ma ...

J. Fleming, 1822 ****Superfamily Carinarioidea Blainville, 1818 ****Superfamily

Cingulopsoidea The Cingulopsoidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. Families The following three families have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): *Family Cingulopsidae Frette ...

Fretter & Patil, 1958 ****Superfamily Cypraeoidea Rafinesque, 1815 (cowries) ****Superfamily Ficoidea Meek, 1864 ****Superfamily Laubierinoidea Warén & Bouchet, 1990 ****Superfamily

Littorinoidea Littorinoidea are a superfamily of both sea snails and land snails which have a gill and an operculum, terrestrial and marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha. The terrestrial family within this group, the Pomatiidae, are sometim ...

(Children), 1834 (periwinkles) ****Superfamily

Naticoidea Naticidae, common name moon snails or necklace shells, is a family of medium to large-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The shells of the species in this family are mostly globular in shape. ...

Forbes, 1838 (moon shells) ****Superfamily

Rissooidea Rissooidea, originally named Rissoacea by Gray, 1847, is a taxonomic superfamily of small and minute marine snails, belonging to the clade Littorinimorpha.Gofas, S. (2013). Rissooidea. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at htt ...

J.E. Gray, 1847 (Risso shells) ****Superfamily

Stromboidea The Stromboidea, originally named the Strombacea by Rafinesque in 1815, is a superfamily of medium-sized to very large sea snails in the clade Littorinimorpha.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Stromboidea Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: ...

Rafinesque, 1815 (true conchs) ****Superfamily

Tonnoidea The Tonnoidea are a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the order Littorinimorpha. This superfamily includes many very large species. Nomenclature Beu (1998, 2008) favours usage of Tonnoidea and Tonnidae rather than Cas ...

Suter Suter is a surname. Notable people with the name include: * Alexis P. Suter (born 1963), American blues, and soul blues singer and songwriter * Andrew Burn Suter (1830–1895), Bishop of the Diocese of Nelson, New Zealand * August Suter (1887& ...

, 1913 ****Superfamily Trivioidea Troschel, 1863 ****Superfamily

Vanikoroidea Vanikoroidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The superfamily Eulimoidea is a synonym of Vanikoroidea. Families Families within the superfamily Vanikoroidea include: *Family Eulimidae Phili ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 ****Superfamily

Velutinoidea Velutinoidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. Taxonomy *Family Velutinidae Gray, 1840 **Subfamily Velutininae Gray, 1840 **Subfamily Lamellariinae d’Orbigny, 1841 *Family Triviidae Tros ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 ****Superfamily Vermetoidea Rafinesque, 1815 (worm shells) ****Superfamily

Xenophoroidea Xenophoroidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. Taxonomy The following families have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): *family Xenophoridae Xenophoridae, ...

Troschel, 1852 (carrier shells) ***Infraorder

Neogastropoda Neogastropoda is an order of sea snails, both freshwater and marine gastropod molluscs. Description The available fossil record of Neogastropoda is relatively complete, and supports a widely accepted evolutionary scenario of an Early Creta ...

Thiele, 1929 ****Superfamily Buccinoidea (whelks, false tritons) ****Superfamily Cancellarioidea Forbes & Hanley, 1851 ****Superfamily

Conoidea Conoidea is a superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the suborder Hypsogastropoda. This superfamily is a very large group of marine mollusks, estimated at about 340 recent valid genera and subgenera, and considered ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ****Superfamily

Muricoidea Neogastropoda is an order of sea snails, both freshwater and marine gastropod molluscs. Description The available fossil record of Neogastropoda is relatively complete, and supports a widely accepted evolutionary scenario of an Early Cretac ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***Infraorder

Ptenoglossa The Ptenoglossa is an informal taxonomic group of sea snails. This group was considered paraphyletic or polyphyletic by Ponder and Lindberg (1997) in their classification of gastropod molluscs. The database WoRMS considers this suborder as b ...

J.E. Gray, 1853 ****Superfamily

Eulimoidea Vanikoroidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The superfamily Eulimoidea is a synonym of Vanikoroidea. Families Families within the superfamily Vanikoroidea include: *Family Eulimidae ...

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian colon ...

, 1853 ****Superfamily

Janthinoidea Janthinoidea is a superfamily of sea snails containing wentletraps (Epitoniidae) and surfing snails (Janthinidae). It includes species that have tethered egg masses, some of which are used for flotation. Phylogeny Molecular evidence supports a ...

Lamarck, 1812 ****Superfamily Triphoroidea J.E. Gray, 1847 **Suborder Discopoda P. Fischer, 1884 - sometimes included in Cerithiimorpha ***Superfamily

Campaniloidea The Campaniloidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. The Campaniloidea are unassigned in the clade Caenogastropoda. Taxonomy The following four families have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): * ...

Douvillé, 1904 ***Superfamily

Cerithioidea The Cerithioidea is a superfamily of marine, brackish water and freshwater gastropod containing more than 200 genera. The Cerithoidea are included unassigned in the subclass Caenogastropoda. The original name of this superfamily was Cerithiacea, ...

Férussac, 1822 **Suborder Murchisoniina Cox & Knight, 1960 ***Superfamily

Loxonematoidea Loxonematoidea is an extinct taxonomic superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, belonging to the Murchisoniinae. References Prehistoric gastropods {{paleo-gastropod-stub ...

Koken, 1889 ''Superorder'' Heterobranchia ''J.E. Gray, 1840'' *Order Heterostropha P. Fischer, 1885 **Superfamily

Architectonicoidea Architectonicoidea is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the informal group Lower Heterobranchia.Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. ''Classification and nomenclat ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 ***Family Architectonicidae Gray, 1850 **Superfamily

Omalogyroidea Omalogyroidea is a superfamily of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the informal group Lower Heterobranchia Lower Heterobranchia, also known as the Allogastropoda, is a group of rather specialized, highly evolved ...

G.O. Sars, 1878 **Superfamily

Pyramidelloidea Pyramidelloidea is a superfamily of mostly very small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks and micromollusks within the clade Panpulmonata. This is a voluminous taxon: above the species level close to 400 named taxa are referred to this gast ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 **Superfamily Rissoelloidea J.E. Gray, 1850 **Superfamily

Valvatoidea Valvatoidea is a superfamily of minute freshwater and marine snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the informal group Lower Heterobranchia.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Valvatoidea Gray, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Ma ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 *Order

Opisthobranchia Opisthobranchs () is now an informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping. Euopisth ...

Milne-Edwards, 1848 **Suborder Nudibranchia Blainville, 1814 (nudibranchs) ***Infraorder

Anthobranchia The Euctenidiacea, common name dorid nudibranchs, are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic suborder of sea snails or sea slug, slugs, marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the order (biology), order Nudibranchia. Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) rejecte ...

Férussac, 1819 ****Superfamily Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815 ****Superfamily Doridoxoidea Bergh, 1900 ****Superfamily

Onchidoridoidea Onchidoridoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs. Families Families within the superfamily Onchidoridoidea are as follows:Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2015)Onchidoridoidea Gray, 1827.In: MolluscaBa ...

Alder & Hancock, 1845 ****Superfamily Polyceroidea Alder & Hancock, 1845 ***Infraorder Cladobranchia Willan & Morton, 1984 ****Superfamily

Aeolidioidea Aeolidioidea is a superfamily of sea slugs, the aeolid nudibranchs. They are marine gastropod molluscs in the suborder Cladobranchia. Taxonomy As of 2019, the superfamily Aeolidioidea consisted of the following families: * Aeolidiidae Gray, 18 ...

J.E. Gray, 1827 ****Superfamily Arminoidea Rafinesque, 1814 ****Superfamily

Dendronotoidea Dendronotoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of small colorful sea slugs or nudibranchs, aeolid nudibranchs. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Dendronotoidea Allman, 1845. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.mar ...

Allman, 1845 ****Superfamily

Metarminoidea Metarminoidea is a provisional taxonomic superfamily of colourful sea slugs, aeolid nudibranchs, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the clade Nudibranchia.Gofas, S. (2014). Metarminoidea Odhner, 1968. Accessed through: World Register of ...

Odhner in Franc, 1968 **Suborder

Anaspidea The clade Anaspidea, commonly known as sea hares (''Aplysia'' species and related genera), are medium-sized to very large opisthobranch gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein. These are marine gastropod molluscs i ...

P. Fischer, 1883 (sea hares) ***Superfamily

Akeroidea Akeroidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusc, mollusks within the clade Anaspidea.Gofas, S. (2010). Akeroidea. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

Pilsbry, 1893 ***Superfamily Aplysioidea Lamarck, 1809 **Suborder Cephalaspidea P. Fischer, 1883 ***Superfamily

Acteonoidea Acteonoidea is a superfamily of sea snails, or bubble snails, marine gastropod mollusks. Taxonomy In the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the superfamily Acteonoidea has been included into the informal group "Lower Heterobranchia" (Hete ...

D'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...

, 1835 ***Superfamily

Bulloidea Bulloidea is a superfamily of sea snails, or bubble snails, marine gastropod mollusks.Bouchet, P. (2010). Bulloidea Gray, 1827. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia. ...

Lamarck, 1801 ***Superfamily

Cylindrobulloidea ''Cylindrobulla'' is a genus of sea snails or bubble snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Sacoglossa. ''Cylindrobulla'' is the type genus of the family Cylindrobullidae and it is the only genus in the family. Taxonomy The subord ...

Thiele, 1931 ***Superfamily Diaphanoidea Odhner, 1914 ***Superfamily Haminoeoidea Pilsbry, 1895 ***Superfamily Philinoidea J.E. Gray, 1850 ***Superfamily

Ringiculoidea Ringiculidae are a family of minute deep water sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the informal group Lower Heterobranchia.Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. ''Cla ...

, 1853 **Suborder Gymnosomata Blainville, 1824 (sea angels) **Suborder

Notaspidea Notaspidea, also known as the sidegill slugs, is an artificial grouping of sea slugs which is now split into two unrelated groups, the Umbraculida and the Pleurobranchomorpha. Taxonomic history Notaspidea, also known as the sidegill slugs, was a ...

P. Fischer, 1883 ***Superfamily Pleurobranchoidea Férussac, 1822 ***Superfamily Tylodinoidea J.E. Gray, 1847 **Suborder Sacoglossa Von Ihering, 1876 ***Superfamily

Oxynooidea Oxynooidea is a superfamily of small sea snails, bubble snails and bivalved gastropods, marine gastropod mollusks within the superorder Sacoglossa. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Oxynooidea Stoliczka, 1868 (1847). Accessed through: Wor ...

H. & A. Adams, 1854 **Suborder Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (sea butterflies) ***Infraorder Euthecosomata ****Superfamily Limacinoidea ****Superfamily Cavolinioidea ***Infraorder Pseudothecosomata ****Superfamily Peraclidoidea ****Superfamily

Cymbulioidea Cymbulioidea is a taxonomic superfamily of pelagic "sea butterflies", one group of swimming sea snails. They are holoplanktonic opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the clade Thecosomata. Anatomy Some groups within this superfamily possess ...

*Order

Pulmonata Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

Cuvier in Blainville, 1814 (pulmonates) **Subinfraorder

Orthurethra Orthurethra is a clade of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora. In the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005, Orthurethra is treated as an informal group and subcla ...

***Superfamily Achatinelloidea Gulick, 1873 ***Superfamily Cochlicopoidea Pilsbry, 1900 ***Superfamily Partuloidea Pilsbry, 1900 ***Superfamily Pupilloidea Turton, 1831 **Subinfraorder

Sigmurethra Sigmurethra is a taxonomic category of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This is an informal group which includes most land snails and slugs. The two strong synapomorphies of Sigmurethra are a ...

***Superfamily

Acavoidea The Acavoidea are a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. This taxonomy was based on the study by Nordsieck, published in 1986. Taxonomy ...

Pilsbry, 1895 ***Superfamily

Achatinoidea The Achatinoidea are a superfamily of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. 2005 taxonomy According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 there are four fami ...

Swainson, 1840 ***Superfamily

Aillyoidea Aillyidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. Aillyidae is the only family in the superfamily Aillyoidea. This family and the genus is named in honor of Swedish m ...

Baker, 1960 ***Superfamily

Arionoidea Arionoidea is a taxonomic group, superfamily of air-breathing land slugs, shell-less terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks. Families Families within the superfamily Arionoidea include: * Arionidae * Anadenidae * Ariolimacidae * Bin ...

J.E. Gray in Turnton, 1840 ***Superfamily Buliminoidea Clessin, 1879 ***Superfamily Camaenoidea Pilsbry, 1895 ***Superfamily

Clausilioidea The Clausilioidea are a superfamily of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. This classification was based on different studies dealing with the Clausiliidae, published by H. Nords ...

Mörch, 1864 ***Superfamily Dyakioidea Gude & Woodward, 1921 ***Superfamily

Gastrodontoidea Gastrodontoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the limacoid clade. Taxonomy According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), families in this superfamily ...

Tryon, 1866 ***Superfamily

Helicoidea Helicoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy There are 19 families within the superfamily Helicoidea according to the ta ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***Superfamily

Helixarionoidea Helicarionoidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the infraorder Limacoidei. Families There are three families within the superfamily Helicarionoidea: * Helicarionidae * Ar ...

Bourguignat, 1877 ***Superfamily

Limacoidea Limacoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of medium-sized to large, air-breathing land slugs and snails. They are terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the infraorder Stylommatophora (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***Superfamily Oleacinoidea H. & A. Adams, 1855 ***Superfamily Orthalicoidea Albers-Martens, 1860 ***Superfamily Plectopylidoidea Moellendorf, 1900 ***Superfamily Polygyroidea Pilsbry, 1894 ***Superfamily Punctoidea Morse, 1864 ***Superfamily Rhytidoidea Pilsbry, 1893 ***Superfamily Sagdidoidera Pilsbry, 1895 ***Superfamily Staffordioidea Thiele, 1931 ***Superfamily

Streptaxoidea Streptaxoidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the suborder Achatinina of the order Stylommatophora. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy There have been reco ...

J.E. Gray, 1806 ***Superfamily Strophocheiloidea Thiele, 1926 ***Superfamily Trigonochlamydoidea Hese, 1882 ***Superfamily Zonitoidea Mörch, 1864 **Infraorder Acteophila Dall, 1885 ***Superfamily Melampoidea Stimpson, 1851 **Infraorder Trimusculiformes Minichev & Starobogatov, 1975 ***Superfamily

Trimusculoidea ''Trimusculus'' is a genus of medium-sized air-breathing sea snails or false limpets, marine pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Trimusculidae. ''Trimusculus'' is the only genus in the family Trimusculidae. Trimusculidae, the button sna ...

Zilch, 1959 **Infraorder

Stylommatophora Stylommatophora is an orderPhilippe Bouchet, Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl and Ellen E. Strong. 2017. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification ...

A. Schmidt, 1856 (land snails) **Suborder

Basommatophora Basommatophora was a term that was previously used as a taxonomic informal group, a group of snails within the informal group Pulmonata, the air-breathing slugs and snails. According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), w ...

Keferstein in Bronn, 1864 (freshwater pulmonates) ***Superfamily Acroloxoidea Thiele, 1931 ***Superfamily

Amphiboloidea Amphiboloidea is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails. Distribution Amphibolids are found in Indo-Pacific intertidal mangrove, saltmarsh and estuarine mudflat habitats. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy According ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 ***Superfamily

Chilinoidea Chilinoidea is a family (biology), superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Hygrophila (Gastropoda), Hygrophila. References

Panpulmonata {{Pulmonata-stub ...

H. & A. Adams, 1855 ***Superfamily

Glacidorboidea The Glacidorbidae is a taxonomic family of freshwater snails. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy Glacidorbidae is the only family in the superfamily Glacidorboidea. Glacidorboidea has been classified within the informal group Lower Heterobranchia in the ...

Ponder, 1986 ***Superfamily

Lymnaeoidea Lymnaeoidea, common name the pond snails, is a taxonomic superfamily of small to large air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks, that belong to the superorder Hygrophila.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Lymna ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***Superfamily

Planorboidea Planorboidea is a superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks. All of the gastropods in this superfamily are sinistral in shell coiling. The monophyly of Planorboidea was confirmed by Albrecht et al. (2 ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***Superfamily

Siphonarioidea Siphonarioidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing sea snails or false limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Panpulmonata. Distribution The Siphonarioidea are broadly distributed across the globe, however they are known to be ...

J.E. Gray, 1840 **Suborder

Eupulmonata Eupulmonata is a taxonomic clade of air-breathing snails. The great majority of this group are land snails and slugs, but some are marine and some are saltmarsh snails that can tolerate salty conditions. Linnean taxonomy *Suborder Eupulmonat ...

Haszprunar & Huber, 1990 **Suborder

Systellommatophora The Systellommatophora (synonym Gymnomorpha) is a clade of primitive, air-breathing slugs, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). They are marine and terrestrial pulmonate gastropods within the Heterobranchi ...

Pilsbry, 1948 ***Superfamily Onchidioidea Rafinesque, 1815 ***Superfamily

Otinoidea Otinoidea is a superfamily of very small, air-breathing sea snails and sea slugs, marine pulmonate gastropod mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known ...

H. & A. Adams, 1855 ***Superfamily

Rathouisioidea Veronicelloidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land slugs. They are terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the clade Systellommatophora. Taxonomy The following two families were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): * ...

Sarasin, 1889

References

External links

Apogastropoda taxonomy at NCBI

Gastropod taxonomy at Palaeos

Gastropods in captivity

Gastropod reproductive behavior

Gastropod Neuroscience

Reconstructions of fossil gastropods

{{Taxonbar, from=Q618839 Obsolete gastropod taxa Gastropod taxonomy