Anzac Avenue is a street in

Auckland Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The List of New Zealand urban areas by population, most populous urban area in the country and the List of cities in Oceania by po ...

, New Zealand's most populous city. It was constructed between 1914 and 1919 to link Beach Road to Symonds Street, and was named as a memorial to the troops who died in the Gallipoli campaign.

History

Anzac Avenue and neighbouring Beach Road follow the shape of the original shoreline of the

Auckland waterfront The Auckland waterfront (rarely the Auckland harbourfront) is a city-side stretch of the southern Waitematā Harbour coastline in Auckland, New Zealand. Previously mostly dominated by Ports of Auckland uses, from the 2000s on it is becoming i ...

, leading from Symonds Street towards the

Point Britomart Point Britomart ( mi, Te Rerenga Ora Iti) was a headland in the Waitematā Harbour, in Auckland (), New Zealand. Located between Commercial Bay and Official Bay,

headland, passing alongside Official Bay and

Mechanics Bay Mechanics Bay ( mi, Te Tōangaroa) is a Land reclamation, reclaimed bay on the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand. It is also the name of the area of the former bay that is now mainly occupied by commercial and port facilities. Some ...

. Land reclamations of the harbour began in the 1860s, changing the landscape. Anzac Avenue was originally the location of Te Hororoa Pā, a name which name refers to an incident where part of the pā site slipped into the ocean. In the 1740s, the Waiōhua settlement at Te Hororoa was one of the final to fall during Waiohua's defeat to

Ngāti Whātua Ngāti Whātua is a Māori iwi (tribe) of the lower Northland Peninsula of New Zealand's North Island. It comprises a confederation of four hapū (subtribes) interconnected both by ancestry and by association over time: Te Uri-o-Hau, Te Roroa, Te ...

. Anzac Avenue, which started construction in 1914, followed the route of Jermyn Street, but was renamed in 1916 to form a memorial to those who had died at Gallipoli, overriding a recommendation to call it Jellicoe Street. There was an objection to the renaming, because the previous name honoured Captain John Jermyn Symonds, an early resident of the street and figure in the early history of Auckland. A commemoration of the construction of the road was held in 1918, where the Governor-General, Arthur Foljambe, planted two

pūriri ''Vitex lucens'', or pūriri, is an evergreen tree endemic to New Zealand. History Pūriri was first collected (by Europeans) at Tolaga Bay by Banks and Solander during Cook's first visit in 1769. The plant was excellently described by Solan ...

trees at the corner of Anzac Avenue and Waterloo Quadrant, and a score of trees were planted by others. The road was described as busy in 1919 even before it was fully completed. A tramline along Anzac Avenue was opened in February 1921.

Demographics

The statistical area of Anzac Avenue, which is bounded by Beach Road, Parliament Street, Waterloo Quadrant, Princes Street and Emily Place, covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km². Anzac Avenue had a population of 2,748 at the

2018 New Zealand census Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the sho ...

, an increase of 180 people (7.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 624 people (29.4%) since the

2006 census 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...

. There were 1,458 households, comprising 1,422 males and 1,323 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female. The median age was 30.6 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 90 people (3.3%) aged under 15 years, 1,215 (44.2%) aged 15 to 29, 1,269 (46.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 168 (6.1%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 45.9% European/

Pākehā Pākehā (or Pakeha; ; ) is a Māori term for New Zealanders primarily of European descent. Pākehā is not a legal concept and has no definition under New Zealand law. The term can apply to fair-skinned persons, or to any non-Māori New Ze ...

, 4.4%

Māori Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...

, 2.6% Pacific peoples, 44.4%

Asian Asian may refer to: * Items from or related to the continent of Asia: ** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia ** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia ** Asian cuisine, food based on the style of food of the people from Asi ...

, and 8.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas was 66.5, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 54.9% had no religion, 24.7% were

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

, 0.2% had Māori religious beliefs, 5.1% were

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

, 3.2% were

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

, 3.8% were

Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

and 3.8% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 1,320 (49.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 90 (3.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $37,200, compared with $31,800 nationally. 600 people (22.6%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,527 (57.4%) people were employed full-time, 363 (13.7%) were part-time, and 135 (5.1%) were unemployed.

Notable locations

*Brooklyn Flats, 66–70 Emily Place, 1936, apartment block. *Eden Hall, 3 Eden Crescent, 1936, apartment block. *Logan Bank, 114 Anzac Avenue, 1917, remnants of a house built 1871 and occupied by

John Logan Campbell Sir John Logan Campbell (3 November 1817 – 22 June 1912) was a prominent Scottish-born New Zealand public figure. He was described by his contemporaries as "the father of Auckland". Early life John Logan Campbell was born in Edinburgh, Sco ...

, used as support for the construction of Anzac Avenue. *Station Hotel, 122 Anzac Avenue, 1931, hotel fronting on both Beach Road and Anzac Avenue. *Berrisville Flats, 152 Anzac Avenue, 1937, apartment block. * High Court Building, corner Anzac Avenue and Waterloo Crescent, 1868, originally the Supreme Court building, built in Gothic Revival style. *Braemar, 7 Parliament Street, 1901, apartment complex. *Middle Courtville, 9 Parliament Street, 1914, apartment complex. *Corner Courtville, 11 Parliament Street, 1919, apartment complex.

References

{{Streets in Auckland Streets in Auckland ANZAC (New Zealand) Auckland CBD