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Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (c. 1453December 27, 1534) was an
Italian Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance ( it, Rinascimento ) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries. The period is known for the initial development of the broader Renaissance culture that spread across Europe and marked the trans ...
architect who specialized in the design of fortifications.
Biography
Antonio da Sangallo was born in
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
.
Sangallo's father
Francesco Giamberti was a woodworker. His brother
Giuliano da Sangallo
Giuliano da Sangallo (c. 1445 โ 1516) was an Italian sculptor, architect and military engineer active during the Italian Renaissance. He is known primarily for being the favored architect of Lorenzo de' Medici, his patron. In this role, Giulia ...
and nephew
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
250px, A model of the Apostolic Palace, which was the main project of Bramante during Sangallo's apprenticeship.
250px, The church of Santa Maria di Loreto near the Rome.html"_;"title="Trajan's_Market_in_Rome">Trajan's_Market_in_Rome.
image: ...
were also architects. Sangallo's godson,
Giulio de Medici (the future
Pope Clement VII
Pope Clement VII ( la, Clemens VII; it, Clemente VII; born Giulio de' Medici; 26 May 1478 โ 25 September 1534) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 November 1523 to his death on 25 September 1534. Deemed "the ...
) was raised in his household until the boy reached the age of seven, when Giulio's uncle
Lorenzo the Magnificent
Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici (; 1 January 1449 โ 8 April 1492) was an Italian statesman, banker, ''de facto'' ruler of the Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy. Also known as Lorenzo ...
became his full-time guardian.
Sangallo often worked in partnership with his brother; however, he executed a number of independent works. As a military engineer he was especially skillful, building important works at
Arezzo
Arezzo ( , , ) , also ; ett, ๐๐๐๐๐๐, Aritim. is a city and ''comune'' in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about southeast of Florence at an elevation of above sea level. ...
,
Montefiascone
Montefiascone is a town and ''comune'' of the province of Viterbo, in Lazio, central Italy. It stands on a hill on the southeast side of Lake Bolsena, about north of Rome.
History
The name of the city derives from that of the Falisci (''Mons Fa ...
, Florence and
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
. His most outstanding work as an architect is the church of San Biagio at
Montepulciano
Montepulciano () is a medieval and Renaissance hill town and ''comune'' in the Italian province of Siena in southern Tuscany. It sits high on a limestone ridge, east of Pienza, southeast of Siena, southeast of Florence, and north of Rome b ...
, in plan a
Greek cross
The Christian cross, with or without a figure of Christ included, is the main religious symbol of Christianity. A cross with a figure of Christ affixed to it is termed a ''crucifix'' and the figure is often referred to as the ''corpus'' (La ...
with central dome, "the first of the great cinquecento domes to be completed".
[Wolfgang Lotz, in ]Ludwig Heinrich Heydenreich
Ludwig Heinrich Heydenreich (born 23 March 1903 in Leipzig; died 14 September 1978 in Munich) was a German art historian specialized in Italian Renaissance art. From 1947 to 1970, he served as director of the Zentralinstitut fรผr Kunstgeschichte, ...
and Wolfgang Lotz, ''Architecture in Italy, 1400โ1600'' (1974:185). and two towersโresembling, on a smaller scale,
Bramante
Donato Bramante ( , , ; 1444 โ 11 April 1514), born as Donato di Pascuccio d'Antonio and also known as Bramante Lazzari, was an Italian architect and painter. He introduced Renaissance architecture to Milan and the High Renaissance style ...
's design for
St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican ( it, Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica ( la, Basilica Sancti Petri), is a church built in the Renaissance style located in Vatican City, the papal e ...
.
Sangallo also built a palace in the same city, various churches and palaces at
Monte San Savino
Monte San Savino is a town and comune in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany (Italy). It is located on the Essa stream in the Valdichiana. Several of its frazioni occupy higher hills, like Gargonza at and Palazzuolo, at an elevation of .
History ...
, and, at Florence, a range of monastic buildings for the Servite monks. His other works includes he church of
San Biagio at Montepulciano, the Forte Sangallo of
Civita Castellana
Civita Castellana is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Viterbo, north of Rome.
Mount Soracte lies about to the south-east.
History
Civita Castellana was settled during the Iron Age by the Italic people of the Falisci, who called it "Fa ...
and the
Old Fortress of Livorno. Antonio retired early from the practice of his profession, and spent his latter years in farming.
References
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder in the "History of Art"
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sangallo The Elder, Antonio Da
1450s births
1534 deaths
Architects from Florence
15th-century Italian architects
16th-century Italian architects