Ann Foster Newmarch (9 June 1945 – 13 January 2022) , known as "Annie", was a
South Australian
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest o ...
painter,
printmaker
Printmaking is the process of creating work of art, artworks by printing, normally on paper, but also on fabric, wood, metal, and other surfaces. "Traditional printmaking" normally covers only the process of creating prints using a hand proce ...
, sculptor and academic, with an international reputation, known for her community service to art, social activism and feminism. She co-founded the Progressive Art and the
Women's Art Movement
The Women's Art Movement (WAM) was an Australian feminist art movement, founded in Sydney in 1974, Melbourne in 1974, and Adelaide in 1976 (as the Women's Art Group, or WAG).
Background
Such movements had already been created in other countries ...
(WAM) in
Adelaide
Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The dem ...
, and is especially known for her iconic 1978 colour
screenprint
Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink (or dye) onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh ...
piece titled ''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!''.
Early life and education
Ann Foster Newmarch
was born on 9 June 1945
in
Adelaide
Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The dem ...
, South Australia.
She graduated with a teaching diploma from the
Western Teachers College in 1966 after three years' attendance there, after which she studied
philosophy
Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...
and
psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Psychology includes the study of conscious and unconscious phenomena, including feelings and thoughts. It is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries betwe ...
at
Flinders University
Flinders University is a public research university based in Adelaide, South Australia, with a footprint extending across 11 locations in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Founded in 1966, it was named in honour of British navigator ...
in Adelaide for a year.
She spent 1968 teaching art, at Croydon and Mitcham Girls High Schools, and became a lecturer at the South Australian School of Art in 1969, continuing there until 2000.[
In 1973 to 1974 Newmarch continued to study philosophy, and also took subjects such as ]women's studies
Women's studies is an academic field that draws on feminist and interdisciplinary methods to place women's lives and experiences at the center of study, while examining social and cultural constructs of gender; systems of privilege and oppress ...
and politics and art at Flinders,[ as she evolved into an overtly political artist.]
Career
Newmarch was one of the first female teachers at the South Australian School of Art, and was the first woman to be the subject of a retrospective exhibition
A retrospective (from Latin ''retrospectare'', "look back"), generally, is a look back at events that took place, or works that were produced, in the past. As a noun, ''retrospective'' has specific meanings in medicine, software development, popu ...
at the Art Gallery of South Australia
The Art Gallery of South Australia (AGSA), established as the National Gallery of South Australia in 1881, is located in Adelaide. It is the most significant visual arts museum in the Australian state of South Australia. It has a collection of ...
in 1997, ''The Personal is Political''.[ She lived and worked in the inner-northern suburb of Prospect for around 50 years,][ working at her studio in Beatrice Street.][ She was the first person to be appointed ]artist-in-residence
Artist-in-residence, or artist residencies, encompass a wide spectrum of artistic programs which involve a collaboration between artists and hosting organisations, institutions, or communities. They are programs which provide artists with space a ...
with City of Prospect
The City of Prospect is an inner urban local government area (LGA) in Adelaide, South Australia. The council seat is the unusually-large suburb of Prospect, which makes up almost two thirds of the tiny council area, which is less than . Establis ...
.[
In 1969 she held her first ]solo exhibition
A solo show or solo exhibition is an exhibition of the work of only one artist. The artwork may be paintings, drawings, etchings, collage, sculpture, or photography. The creator of any artistic technique may be the subject of a solo show. Other s ...
at the Robert Bolton Gallery in Adelaide, but criticised commercial galleries for being dominated by male artists and driven by the market.[
Her striking image entitled ''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!'' (1978) had a huge impact on both her career and other artists, and is the most well-known of all her works. At the end of 1978, she started running screen-printing workshops Prospect studio, and also founded the Prospect Mural Group in that year.][
In 1980, after a trip to the US and UK, Newmarch and other members of WAM painted ''Reclaim the Night'' for the ]Adelaide Festival of Arts
The Adelaide Festival of Arts, also known as the Adelaide Festival, an arts festival, takes place in the South Australian capital of Adelaide in March each year. Started in 1960, it is a major celebration of the arts and a significant cultural ...
, featuring women staging a street protest
A political demonstration is an action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause or people partaking in a protest against a cause of concern; it often consists of walking in a mass march formati ...
along with word art
Word art or text art is a form of art that includes text, forming words or phrases, as its main component; it is a combination of language and visual imagery.
Overview
There are two main types of word art:
*One uses words or phrases because o ...
. She was the initiator of Stobie pole
A Stobie pole is a power line pole made of two steel joists held apart by a slab of concrete. It was invented by Adelaide Electric Supply Company engineer James Cyril Stobie (1895–1953). Stobie used readily available materials due to the ...
art in 1983, a practice which continues today.[
In 1988, upon being invited to China along with Anne Morris on a Sino-Australian cultural exchange, the two Australian artists worked with four Chinese artists on a series of large murals in ]Xianyang
Xianyang () is a prefecture-level city in central Shaanxi province, situated on the Wei River a few kilometers upstream (west) from the provincial capital of Xi'an. Once the capital of the Qin dynasty, it is now integrated into the Xi'an metrop ...
, in Shaanxi
Shaanxi (alternatively Shensi, see #Name, § Name) is a landlocked Provinces of China, province of China. Officially part of Northwest China, it borders the province-level divisions of Shanxi (NE, E), Henan (E), Hubei (SE), Chongqing (S), Sichu ...
province.[
]
Art practice
Newmarch's work is extensive and she did not hold to an individualistic prescriptive signature style. She was introduced to the women's movement in 1970 and balanced teaching, mothering and artmaking with community and cultural development work. She worked in painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ...
, printmaking, and sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
, but was especially known her experimental printmaking practice, sometimes using personal imagery to make social and political points about the role of women in society.[
Her art practice was concerned with the gendered basis of the world and is a practitioner whose work critiques underlying assumptions around understandings of gender.] Embracing feminism from the early 1970s, her art practice highlights that all representation is political and the absence of voice is in itself an acceptance of the status quo
is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, political, religious or military issues. In the sociological sense, the ''status quo'' refers to the current state of social structure and/or values. W ...
. Her early work heavily featured silkscreen
Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink (or dye) onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh ...
printing, a relatively cheap and accessible form of art, and one at which she excelled.
Later, in the 1990s, her work included more sculptural objects, and after that she focused on the objects being the subjects, allowing hands and the body to become canvases for the exploration of artmaking.
Her work has been described as political, feminist, emotional, personal, and complex. Her art practice epitomised "the personal is political", and included representations of women's unseen labour,[ motherhood, and other women's issues.][ In an article in '' Lip: A Feminist Arts Journal'' (1981), Newmarch wrote that with her work she aimed to reach "women who are oppressed by ]sexism
Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on one's sex or gender. Sexism can affect anyone, but it primarily affects women and girls.There is a clear and broad consensus among academic scholars in multiple fields that sexism refers primari ...
and people who are exploited by capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for Profit (economics), profit. Central characteristics of capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets, pric ...
", and that her work was not aimed at "an 'elite educated' art gallery audience who can afford to ‘invest’ in art".[
She later wrote:][
]
''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!''
Newmarch's most well-known work, ''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!'' (1978) is a colour screenprint based on a photograph created in 1978, was so titled as a play on the phrase " Women hold up half the sky" made by former Chinese Communist Party
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victoriou ...
chairman Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...
.[
Originally designed as a ]poster
A poster is a large sheet that is placed either on a public space to promote something or on a wall as decoration. Typically, posters include both typography, textual and graphic elements, although a poster may be either wholly graphical or w ...
, it shows a photo of a middle-aged woman carrying a man in her arms, with the words written at the bottom.[ The woman in the photo was her Aunt Peggy, a single mother who raised eight children,][ and by the time of the artwork, had 23 grandchildren and seven great‑grandchildren. She much admired by Newmarch, seeing her as someone who lived an unconventional and feminist lifestyle, having mostly built a house on her own, learning the work usually done by tradespeople and doing it herself. The tiny 1940s snapshot on which the screenprint was based was "a little summer picture of something eggyhad done for a dare when a whole lot of people at a party had said ‘I bet you couldn’t lift your husband up’". Newmarch's work, which included adding Mao's famous quote, turned it into an empowering image for women. In it, she aimed to "show the strong encouraging aspects of women", in contrast to her earlier work focussing more on suburban alienation, and criticism of images of women in advertising.
][
Newmarch said of the work "It was never intended as an art image, it was intended as a confirming, joyful, cheap available poster"; however, it has had a huge impact, being exhibited all over Australia and the world.][
]
Political activism
Newmarch had a huge interest in politics, which always played a role in her work. Her work was infused with her social, political and environmental concerns, which included Aboriginal land rights
Indigenous land rights are the rights of Indigenous peoples to land and natural resources therein, either individually or collectively, mostly in colonised countries. Land and resource-related rights are of fundamental importance to Indigenou ...
.[ She was a significant figure in Adelaide's ]Women's Art Movement
The Women's Art Movement (WAM) was an Australian feminist art movement, founded in Sydney in 1974, Melbourne in 1974, and Adelaide in 1976 (as the Women's Art Group, or WAG).
Background
Such movements had already been created in other countries ...
(WAM),[ founded on 7 August 1976.]
Progressive Art Movement
Newmarch was co-founder in 1974 of the Progressive Art Movement (PAM), which focused on political issues, social concerns, and education, and included writers, artists, filmmaker
Filmmaking (film production) is the process by which a motion picture is produced. Filmmaking involves a number of complex and discrete stages, starting with an initial story, idea, or commission. It then continues through screenwriting, castin ...
s and poets among its membership.[ Printmaker Ruth Faerber wrote when reviewing an exhibition of Adelaide art at the ]Art Gallery of NSW
The Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW), founded as the New South Wales Academy of Art in 1872 and known as the National Art Gallery of New South Wales between 1883 and 1958, is located in The Domain, Sydney, Australia. It is the most importa ...
in 1977 that PAM was "motivated by a strong Marxist
Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand S ...
sociopolitical direction, agreed to a shared program for action and a sense of immediate imperative", compared with the Experimental Art Foundation, which did not commit to a set of agreed aims, and stated that they had an "open ended" attitude against mainstream, non-conformism as against entrenched doctrines, "experimentation as against patrician formalism".[
Other artists associated with PAM included:
*]Robert Boynes
Robert Boynes (born 1943) is a contemporary Australian artist working primarily in painting, but has also produced prints, films and sculptures.
Early life and education
Boynes was born in Adelaide, South Australia, in 1943. He grew up in ...
*Jim Crowley
James Harold "Sleepy Jim" Crowley (September 10, 1902 – January 15, 1986) was an American football player and coach. He gained fame as one-fourth of the University of Notre Dame's legendary "Four Horsemen (American football), Four Horsemen" bac ...
* Margaret Dodd[
*]Bert Flugelman
Herbert Flugelman (28 January 1923 – 26 February 2013), usually known as Bert, was a prominent Australian visual artist, primarily a sculptor, who had many of his works publicly displayed. He is known for his stainless steel geometric public s ...
[
* Andrew Hill][
* Jenni Hill][
* Mandy Martin, painter, printmaker and teacher]
* Ken Searle[
* Richard Turner][
Andrew Hill (born 1952),] is a painter, printmaker, theatre, film and graphic designer. He was associate professor at the UniSA
The University of South Australia (UniSA) is a public research university in the Australian state of South Australia. It is a founding member of the Australian Technology Network of universities, and is the largest university in South Australi ...
1979–2014, Director of the South Australian School of Art (2011–2014), and Associate Head of School at the School of Art, Architecture and Design at UniSA (2010–2014)
Recognition and awards
* In 1989 Newmarch was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia
The Order of Australia is an honour that recognises Australian citizens and other persons for outstanding achievement and service. It was established on 14 February 1975 by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia, on the advice of the Australian Gove ...
(OAM) [ for her services to the arts.][
*On 22 September 2010, she was awarded the Australia Day Award for her photograph piece titled ''Women Hold Up Half the Sky'', a production that shows how amazingly strong women are. The piece was a tribute to her Auntie Peg who built a house on her own while raising eight children and working two jobs, and was recreated as a postcard for four major galleries.]
*In October 2019, the City of Prospect
The City of Prospect is an inner urban local government area (LGA) in Adelaide, South Australia. The council seat is the unusually-large suburb of Prospect, which makes up almost two thirds of the tiny council area, which is less than . Establis ...
renamed their community gallery (formerly the Prospect Gallery) the Newmarch Gallery, to honour her long involvement with community arts at the Community Association of Prospect and the Prospect Mural Group.[
*In December 2019, Newmarch was "Highly Commended" in the Geoff Crowhurst Memorial Award category at the ]South Australian Ruby Awards
The South Australian Ruby Awards, also known as the Ruby Awards, are annual awards which recognise outstanding achievement in South Australia’s arts and culture sector. They were named in honour of arts champion Dame Ruby Litchfield (1912–2001 ...
.
For individual works
*''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!'' (1978)
**A major exhibition mounted by the National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in th ...
in 1995 was given its title, '' Women Hold Up Half the Sky'', by Newmarch's print.
** 2007: the only Australian work selected for the Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles
The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA) is a contemporary art museum with two locations in greater Los Angeles, California. The main branch is located on Grand Avenue in Downtown Los Angeles, near the Walt Disney Concert Hall. MOCA's ori ...
' exhibition ''WACK! Art and the Feminist Revolution''[
** 2020–21: included in the '' Know my Name'' exhibition at the ]National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in th ...
[
]
Death and legacy
Newmarch died peacefully on Thursday 13 January 2022.[ She was survived by her three children:][ Jake Newmarch, Bruno Medlin and Jessie Kerr.][
She left a rich legacy of artwork, as well as raising awareness of many issues, and founding the Progressive Art Movement and mentoring many women artists. An obituary in '']ARTnews
''ARTnews'' is an American visual-arts magazine, based in New York City. It covers art from ancient to contemporary times. ARTnews is the oldest and most widely distributed art magazine in the world. It has a readership of 180,000 in 124 countri ...
'', an American visual arts magazine based in New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
, said that she had "reshaped the Australian art scene as an educator and activist".
In February 2022 Sydney artist Vivienne Binns
Vivienne Joyce Binns (born 1940) is an Australian artist known for her contribution to the Women's Art Movement in Australia, her engagement with feminism in her artwork, and her active advocacy within community arts. She works predominantly in ...
called Newmarch a "giant", to whom she had yet to pay proper tribute.
''Women Hold Up Half the Sky!'' became an icon of the feminist movement in Australia.[
Stobie poles continue to be decorated in Adelaide.][
]
Exhibitions
Newmarch's work was displayed in numerous galleries around Adelaide, including Greenaway Art Gallery (1994, 1995, 1996, 2001) and Prospect Gallery (1992, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009).[
The works ''Suburban window'' (1973) and ''Three months of interrupted work'' (1977), were included in significant feminist exhibitions, such as ''A Room of One’s Own'' (]Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a met ...
, 1974) and ''The Women's Show'' (Adelaide, 1977).[
Other notable exhibitions include:
*''As the Serpent Struggles'', first held at the Experimental Art Foundation in 1987 and subsequently elsewhere][
*''The Personal is Political'', first and major retrospective, at AGSA, 1997][
*''Anticipation'', ]JamFactory
JamFactory is a not-for-profit arts organisation which includes training facilities, galleries and shops, located in Adelaide city centre, the West End precinct of Adelaide and on the Seppeltsfield (wine), Seppeltsfield Estate in the Barossa Val ...
Atrium and Prospect Gallery, 2005 to 2007[
* ''WACK! Art and the Feminist Revolution'' at the ]Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles
The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA) is a contemporary art museum with two locations in greater Los Angeles, California. The main branch is located on Grand Avenue in Downtown Los Angeles, near the Walt Disney Concert Hall. MOCA's ori ...
, 2007[
*Survey exhibition at the ]Northern Centre for Contemporary Art
The Northern Centre for Contemporary Art (NCCA), formerly 24HR Art, NT Centre for Contemporary Art, is an art gallery in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
The gallery was founded in an old petrol station in 1989, giving rise to the name ...
in Darwin, Northern Territory
Darwin ( ; Larrakia: ) is the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia. With an estimated population of 147,255 as of 2019, the city contains the majority of the residents of the sparsely populated Northern Territory.
It is the smalle ...
, 2017[
]
Collections
Newmarch's artworks are held in all state galleries, including more than 40 works held by the Art Gallery of South Australia, as well as in major private collections.[
Major collections holding her work include:]
* Art Gallery of South Australia
* Art Gallery of New South Wales
The Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW), founded as the New South Wales Academy of Art in 1872 and known as the National Art Gallery of New South Wales between 1883 and 1958, is located in The Domain, Sydney, Australia. It is the most importa ...
*Australian War Museum
The Australian War Memorial is Australia's national memorial to the members of its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia and some conflicts involving per ...
* Ballarat Fine Art Gallery
The Art Gallery of Ballarat is the oldest and largest regional art gallery in Australia. Established in 1884 as the Ballarat Fine Art Gallery by the citizens of Ballarat, both the building and part of its collection is listed on the Victorian H ...
* Bendigo Art Gallery
Bendigo Art Gallery is an Australian art gallery located in Bendigo, Victoria. It is one of the oldest and largest regional art galleries.
History
The gallery was founded in 1887.
The gallery's collection was first housed in the former Bendigo ...
* Luilichang Cultural Trust, Beijing
}
Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...
, China
* City of Hamilton Art Gallery
* Flinders University
Flinders University is a public research university based in Adelaide, South Australia, with a footprint extending across 11 locations in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Founded in 1966, it was named in honour of British navigator ...
Art Museum
* Griffith University
Griffith University is a public research university in South East Queensland on the east coast of Australia. Formally founded in 1971, Griffith opened its doors in 1975, introducing Australia's first degrees in environmental science and Asian s ...
* Naracoorte Art Gallery
* National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in th ...
* National Gallery of Victoria
The National Gallery of Victoria, popularly known as the NGV, is an art museum in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Founded in 1861, it is Australia's oldest and most visited art museum.
The NGV houses an encyclopedic art collection across two ...
* Newcastle Art Gallery
The Newcastle Art Gallery (formerly the Newcastle City Art Gallery, Newcastle Region Art Gallery) is a large, public art museum in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
History
Founded in 1945 with an art collection consisting of 123 works ...
* Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery
The Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery (QVMAG) is a museum located in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia. The QVMAG is the largest museum in Australia not located in a capital city.
History
The foundation stone for the original building to ...
, Launceston, Tasmania
Launceston () or () is a city in the north of Tasmania, Australia, at the confluence of the North Esk and South Esk rivers where they become the Tamar River (kanamaluka). As of 2021, Launceston has a population of 87,645. Material was copied ...
* Queensland Institute of Technology
Queensland University of Technology (QUT) is a public research university located in the urban coastal city of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. QUT is located on two campuses in the Brisbane area viz. Gardens Point and Kelvin Grove. The univ ...
* Riddoch Art Gallery, Mount Gambier
Mount Gambier is the second most populated city in South Australia, with an estimated urban population of 33,233 . The city is located on the slopes of Mount Gambier, a volcano in the south east of the state, about south-east of the capital Ad ...
* SA Dept of the Premier and Cabinet
* University of Canberra
The University of Canberra (UC) is a public research university with its main campus located in Bruce, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. The campus is within walking distance of Westfield Belconnen, and from Canberra's Civic Centre. UC ...
[
* University Art Museum, ]University of Queensland
, mottoeng = By means of knowledge and hard work
, established =
, endowment = A$224.3 million
, budget = A$2.1 billion
, type = Public research university
, chancellor = Peter Varghese
, vice_chancellor = Deborah Terry
, city = B ...
* University of South Australia
The University of South Australia (UniSA) is a public research university in the Australian state of South Australia. It is a founding member of the Australian Technology Network of universities, and is the largest university in South Australi ...
Art Museum, Adelaide
* University of Tasmania
The University of Tasmania (UTAS) is a public research university, primarily located in Tasmania, Australia. Founded in 1890, it is Australia's fourth oldest university. Christ College, one of the university's residential colleges, first pro ...
, Hobart
Hobart ( ; Nuennonne/Palawa kani: ''nipaluna'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Home to almost half of all Tasmanians, it is the least-populated Australian state capital city, and second-small ...
* Warrnambool
Warrnambool ( Maar: ''Peetoop'' or ''Wheringkernitch'' or ''Warrnambool'') is a city on the south-western coast of Victoria, Australia. At the 2021 census, Warrnambool had a population of 35,743. Situated on the Princes Highway, Warrnambool (Al ...
Art Gallery
Footnotes
References
Further reading
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Newmarch, Ann
1945 births
2022 deaths
Australian feminists
Australian educators
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
20th-century Australian women artists
20th-century Australian artists
Artists from Adelaide
Artists from South Australia
Australian women painters