, anthem = Himno ning Angeles (Angeles Hymn)
, subdivision_type3 =
District
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
, subdivision_name3 =
, established_title = Settled
, established_date = 1796
, established_title1 = Chartered
, established_date1 = December 8, 1829
, established_title2 = Cityhood
, established_date2 = January 1, 1964
, established_title3 = Highly urbanized city
, established_date3 = October 13, 1986
, parts_type =
Barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
s
, parts_style = para
, p1 = (see
Barangays
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
)
, leader_title =
, leader_name = Carmelo G. Lazatin Jr.
, leader_title1 =
Vice Mayor
The deputy mayor (also known as vice mayor, assistant mayor, or mayor ''pro tem'') is an elective or appointive office of the second-ranking official that is present in many, but not all, local governments.
Duties and functions
Many elected dep ...
, leader_name1 = Maria Vicenta L. Vega
, leader_title2 =
Representative
Representative may refer to:
Politics
* Representative democracy, type of democracy in which elected officials represent a group of people
* House of Representatives, legislative body in various countries or sub-national entities
* Legislator, som ...
, leader_name2 = Carmelo B. Lazatin II
, leader_title3 =
Councilors
A councillor is an elected representative for a local government council in some countries.
Canada
Due to the control that the provinces have over their municipal governments, terms that councillors serve vary from province to province. Unl ...
, leader_name3 =
, leader_title4 =
Electorate
Electorate may refer to:
* The people who are eligible to vote in an election, especially their number e.g. the term ''size of (the) electorate''
* The dominion of a Prince-elector in the Holy Roman Empire until 1806
* An electoral district
An ...
, leader_name4 = voters (
)
, government_type =
, government_footnotes =
, elevation_m =
, elevation_max_m = 604
, elevation_min_m = 32
, elevation_max_rank =
, elevation_min_rank =
, elevation_footnotes =
, elevation_max_footnotes =
, elevation_min_footnotes =
, area_rank =
, area_footnotes =
, area_total_km2 =
, population_footnotes =
, population_total =
, population_as_of =
, population_density_km2 = auto
, population_blank1_title =
Household
A household consists of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling. It may be of a single family or another type of person group. The household is the basic unit of analysis in many social, microeconomic and government models, and is im ...
s
, population_blank1 =
, population_blank2_title =
, population_blank2 =
, population_demonyms = Angeleños (Male)
Angeleñas (Female)
Angeleneans
, population_rank =
, population_metro = 846,923
, timezone =
PST
, utc_offset = +8
, postal_code_type =
ZIP code
, postal_code =
, postal2_code_type =
, postal2_code =
, area_code_type =
, area_code =
, website =
, demographics_type1 =
Economy
An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the ...
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demographics1_title2 =
Poverty incidence
, demographics1_info2 = % ()
, demographics1_title3 =
Revenue
In accounting, revenue is the total amount of income generated by the sale of goods and services related to the primary operations of the business.
Commercial revenue may also be referred to as sales or as turnover. Some companies receive reven ...
, demographics1_info3 =
, demographics1_title4 = Revenue rank
, demographics1_info4 =
, demographics1_title5 =
Asset
In financial accountancy, financial accounting, an asset is any resource owned or controlled by a business or an economic entity. It is anything (tangible or intangible) that can be used to produce positive economic value. Assets represent value ...
s
, demographics1_info5 =
, demographics1_title6 = Assets rank
, demographics1_info6 =
, demographics1_title7 =
IRA
Ira or IRA may refer to:
*Ira (name), a Hebrew, Sanskrit, Russian or Finnish language personal name
*Ira (surname), a rare Estonian and some other language family name
*Iran, UNDP code IRA
Law
*Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, US, on status of ...
, demographics1_info7 =
, demographics1_title8 = IRA rank
, demographics1_info8 =
, demographics1_title9 =
Expenditure
An expense is an item requiring an outflow of money, or any form of fortune in general, to another person or group as payment for an item, service, or other category of costs. For a tenant, rent is an expense. For students or parents, tuition is a ...
, demographics1_info9 =
, demographics1_title10 =
Liabilities
, demographics1_info10 =
, demographics_type2 = Service provider
, demographics2_title1 =
Electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described ...
, demographics2_info1 =
, demographics2_title2 = Water
, demographics2_info2 =
, demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications
, demographics2_info3 =
, demographics2_title4 = Cable TV
, demographics2_info4 =
, demographics2_title5 =
, demographics2_info5 =
, demographics2_title6 =
, demographics2_info6 =
, demographics2_title7 =
, demographics2_info7 =
, demographics2_title8 =
, demographics2_info8 =
, demographics2_title9 =
, demographics2_info9 =
, demographics2_title10 =
, demographics2_info10 =
, blank_name_sec1 =
, blank_info_sec1 =
, blank1_name_sec1 =
Native languages
, blank1_info_sec1 =
, blank2_name_sec1 =
Crime index
Crime statistics refer to systematic, quantitative results about crime, as opposed to crime news or anecdotes. Notably, crime statistics can be the result of two rather different processes:
* scientific research, such as criminological studies, vi ...
, blank2_info_sec1 =
, blank3_name_sec1 =
, blank3_info_sec1 =
, blank4_name_sec1 =
, blank4_info_sec1 =
, blank5_name_sec1 =
, blank5_info_sec1 =
, blank6_name_sec1 =
, blank6_info_sec1 =
, blank7_name_sec1 =
, blank7_info_sec1 =
, blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions
, blank1_info_sec2 =
, blank2_name_sec2 = Feast date
, blank2_info_sec2 =
, blank3_name_sec2 = Catholic diocese
, blank3_info_sec2 =
, blank4_name_sec2 = Patron saint
, blank4_info_sec2 =
, blank5_name_sec2 =
, blank5_info_sec2 =
, blank6_name_sec2 =
, blank6_info_sec2 =
, blank7_name_sec2 =
, blank7_info_sec2 =
, short_description =
, footnotes =
Angeles City (, ), officially the City of Angeles ( pam, Lakanbalen ning Angeles; fil, Lungsod ng Angeles), is a 1st class
highly urbanized city
A city ( fil, lungsod/siyudad) is one of the units of local government in the Philippines. All Philippine cities are chartered cities ( fil, nakakartang lungsod), whose existence as corporate and administrative entities is governed by their own ...
in the
Central Luzon
Central Luzon ( pam, (Reyun ning) Kalibudtarang Luzon, pag, (Rehiyon na) Pegley na Luzon, tgl, (Rehiyon ng) Gitnang Luzon, ilo, (Rehion/Deppaar ti) Tengnga ti Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines, ...
region of the
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 462,928 people.
While Angeles City is politically independent from the province of
Pampanga
Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga ( pam, Lalawigan ning Pampanga; tl, Lalawigan ng Pampanga ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac ...
, it is usually grouped with it for statistical purposes.
Angeles City is one of the proposed metropolitan areas in the Philippines. Metro Angeles is proposed to include the independent component cities of
Mabalacat
Mabalacat, officially the City of Mabalacat ( pam, Lakanbalen ning Mabalacat; fil, Lungsod ng Mabalacat), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 293,244 people ...
and
San Fernando
San Fernando may refer to:
People
*Ferdinand III of Castile (c. 1200–1252), called ''San Fernando'' (Spanish) or ''Saint Ferdinand'', King of Castile, León, and Galicia
Places Argentina
*San Fernando de la Buena Vista, city of Greater Buenos ...
, as well as the towns of
Bacolor
Bacolor, officially the Municipality of Bacolor ( pam, Balen ning Bakúlud; tgl, Bayan ng Bacolor), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 48,066 people.
Bacolor ...
,
Floridablanca,
Guagua
Guagua, officially the Municipality of Guagua ( pam, Balen ning Guagua; tl, Bayan ng Guagua), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 128,893 people.
The town o ...
,
Lubao
Lubao, officially the Municipality of Lubao ( pam, Balen ning Lubao; fil, Bayan ng Lubao), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 173,502 people.
It is noted f ...
,
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
,
Porac
Porac, officially the Municipality of Porac ( pam, Balen ning Porac; fil, Bayan ng Porac), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 140,751 people.
The Subic–Cl ...
and
Santa Rita.
Etymology
The name Ángeles is derived from the
Spanish
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...
''El Pueblo de los Ángeles'' ("The Town of the Angels") in honour of its
patron saint
A patron saint, patroness saint, patron hallow or heavenly protector is a saint who in Catholicism, Anglicanism, or Eastern Orthodoxy is regarded as the heavenly advocate of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or perso ...
s, ''Los Santos Ángeles Custodios'' (
Holy Guardian Angels), and the name of its founder, ''
Don
Don, don or DON and variants may refer to:
Places
*County Donegal, Ireland, Chapman code DON
*Don (river), a river in European Russia
*Don River (disambiguation), several other rivers with the name
*Don, Benin, a town in Benin
*Don, Dang, a vill ...
'' Ángel Pantaleón de Miranda.
History
Spanish period
In 1796, the ''
gobernadorcillo
The ''gobernadorcillo'' (, literally "little governor") was a municipal judge or governor in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period, who carried out in a town the combined charges or responsibilities of leadership, economic, and judic ...
'' or town head of
San Fernando
San Fernando may refer to:
People
*Ferdinand III of Castile (c. 1200–1252), called ''San Fernando'' (Spanish) or ''Saint Ferdinand'', King of Castile, León, and Galicia
Places Argentina
*San Fernando de la Buena Vista, city of Greater Buenos ...
, ''
Don
Don, don or DON and variants may refer to:
Places
*County Donegal, Ireland, Chapman code DON
*Don (river), a river in European Russia
*Don River (disambiguation), several other rivers with the name
*Don, Benin, a town in Benin
*Don, Dang, a vill ...
'' Ángel Pantaleón de Miranda, and his wife, ''
Doña
Don (; ; pt, Dom, links=no ; all from Latin ', roughly 'Lord'), abbreviated as D., is an honorific prefix primarily used in Spain and Hispanic America, and with different connotations also in Italy, Portugal and its former colonies, and Croatia ...
'' Rosalía de Jesús, along with some followers, staked out a new settlement, which they named ''Culiát'' because of the abundance of vines (''Gnetum indicum'') of that name in the area. The new settlers cleared the woodland and cultivated the area for rice and sugar farming. Don Ángel built his first house with light materials at the northwest corner of the intersection of Sapang Balen and the road going towards the town of
Porac
Porac, officially the Municipality of Porac ( pam, Balen ning Porac; fil, Bayan ng Porac), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 140,751 people.
The Subic–Cl ...
. It was later donated to the
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
and became a cemetery called "Campo Santong Matua" (today the site of Nepomuceno Coliseum).
On May 12, 1812, the new settlers tried to make Culiat a self-governing town but the friars resisted the move, led by Fray José Pometa. Ten years later, on February 11, 1822, Don Ángel filed a petition for the township of Culiat to secede from San Fernando, but it was denied. This was followed by another petition within the same year, jointly signed by Don Ángel, his son-in-law, Mariano Henson, and the latter's father, Severino Henson. He donated 35 hectares for the construction of the first Catholic church, a convent and a primary school while Doña Agustina Henson de Nepomuceno, the niece of who would become the first ' of Angeles in 1830, Don Ciriaco de Miranda, gave land for the new public market. Don Ángel paid the complete amount required by law just for the secession of Culiat from San Fernando. There were only 160 taxpayers then but the law required that it should have at least 500 taxpayers.
Located some north of Pampanga's capital, Culiat became a barrio of San Fernando for 33 years and on December 8, 1829, became a separate municipality. The newly-autonomous town was renamed "" in honor of its patron saints, the Holy Angels, and the name of its founder, Don Ángel, coinciding with the rise of new ''
barrio
''Barrio'' () is a Spanish language, Spanish word that means "Quarter (urban subdivision), quarter" or "neighborhood". In the modern Spanish language, it is generally defined as each area of a city, usually delimited by functional (e.g. residenti ...
s'' such as Santo Cristo (as the ''
población'' or town proper), Cutcut, Pampang and Pulong Anunas. The progressive barrios developed some new industries like a sugar mill and a wine distillery. The transition of Angeles from a jungle clearing to a barrio, to a town and finally to a city took 168 years and in all that time, it survived locusts' infestations, wars, epidemics, volcanic eruptions and typhoons to become one of the fast rising towns in the country. When it received its first official municipal charter, the town contained some 661 people, 151 houses and an area of 38.65 km
2.
On May 7, 1899, General
Emilio Aguinaldo
Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (: March 22, 1869February 6, 1964) was a Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who is the youngest president of the Philippines (1899–1901) and is recognized as the first president of the Philippine ...
transferred the seat of the
First Philippine Republic
The Philippine Republic ( es, República Filipina), now officially known as the First Philippine Republic, also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was established in Malolos, Bulacan during the Philippine Revolution against ...
to Angeles. It then became the site of celebrations for the first anniversary of Philippine independence, which was proclaimed a year earlier in
Kawit
Kawit, officially the Municipality of Kawit ( tgl, Bayan ng Kawit), is a first-class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Cavite, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population ...
,
Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite ( tl, Lalawigan ng Kabite; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Cavite''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Located on the southern shores of Manila Bay and southwest ...
. Events included a parade, led by the youngest ever Filipino generals,
Gregorio del Pilar
Gregorio Hilario del Pilar y Sempio (; ; November 14, 1875 – December 2, 1899) was a Filipino general of the Philippine Revolutionary Army during the Philippine–American War.
As one of the youngest generals in the Revolutionary Army, he ...
and
Manuel Tinio
Manuel Tinio y Bundoc (June 17, 1877 – February 22, 1924) was the youngest General of the Philippine Revolutionary Army, and was elected Governor of the Province of Nueva Ecija, Republic of the Philippines in 1907. He is one of those considered ...
, with General Aguinaldo viewing the proceedings from the Pamintuan Residence, which was the Presidential Palace from May to July 1899 (and later was the
Central Bank of the Philippines
The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (; commonly abbreviated as BSP in both Filipino and English) is the central bank of the Philippines. It was established on July 3, 1993, pursuant to the provision of Republic Act 7653 or the New Central Bank Act ...
office in Central Luzon, before its ownership passed to the
National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines ( fil, Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas, abbreviated NHCP) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural herita ...
). Aguinaldo's sojourn was short, however, for in July of this same year he transferred his government to the province of
Tarlac
Tarlac, officially the Province of Tarlac ( pam, Lalawigan ning Tarlac; pag, Luyag/Probinsia na Tarlac; ilo, Probinsia ti Tarlac; tgl, Lalawigan ng Tarlac; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. It ...
following Angeles' occupation by the American forces.
American period
On August 10, 1899, U.S. forces began the attack on Angeles confident in capturing it in a few days. However, the Filipino Army defending the town refused to give in so easily and fiercely fought back and for three months, they battled the Americans in and around the town. It was only after the battle on November 5, 1899, that the town finally fell into American hands. The Battle of Angeles was considered to be the longest in the history of the
Filipino-American War
Filipino Americans ( fil, Mga Pilipinong Amerikano) are Americans of Filipino ancestry. Filipinos and other Asian ethnicities in North America were first documented in the 16th century as slaves and prisoners on ships sailing to and from New S ...
in Pampanga. This led to the establishment of an American camp in Barrio Talimundoc (in what is now Lourdes Sur), located next to the railroad station, in order to establish control over the central plains of Luzon. In January 1900, General
Frederick D. Grant organized the first U.S. Civil Government in Angeles by appointing an ''alcalde'' or municipal mayor, beginning American rule over Angeles.
In 1902, the
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
studied relocating their post from Barrio Talimundoc to a fertile plain in Barrio
Sapang Bato
, anthem = Himno ning Angeles (Angeles Hymn)
, subdivision_type3 = District
, subdivision_name3 =
, established_title = Settled
, established_date = 1796
, established_title1 = Chartere ...
, which supposedly had better grass for their horses. A year after that, U.S. President
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...
signed an executive order on September 1, establishing of land in Sapang Bato as
Fort Stotsenburg
Fort Stotsenburg, during the World War II era, was the location of the Philippine Department's 26th Cavalry Regiment, 86th Field Artillery Battalion, and 88th Field Artillery Regiment; along with the Philippine Division's 23rd and 24th Fiel ...
(which later would expand to in 1908 to become
Clark Air Base
Clark Air Base is a Philippine Air Force base on Luzon Island in the Philippines, located west of Angeles City, about northwest of Metro Manila. Clark Air Base was previously a United States military facility, operated by the U.S. Air Forc ...
). It was centered on what would in later years become Clark Air Base's parade ground.
The Americans quickly commandeered Holy Rosary Parish Church and converted it into an army hospital, with the choir loft served as a dental clinic. The ''
convento'', which now houses Holy Family Academy, was the barracks for medical officers and enlisted men. The
sacristy
A sacristy, also known as a vestry or preparation room, is a room in Christian churches for the keeping of vestments (such as the alb and chasuble) and other church furnishings, sacred vessels, and parish records.
The sacristy is usually located ...
was the only portion where Angeleños could hear
Mass
Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a physical body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different elementar ...
. When the Americans finally vacated the church in 1904 and relocated to Fort Stotsenburg,
parish priest
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...
Rev. Vicente Lapus listed a total of
US$
The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official ...
638 for portions of the church destroyed, looted church items and treasures, and arrears on rentals.
World War II
Hours after the
attack on Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, j ...
, Japan attacked the Philippines, targeting the American military presence, as well as the Philippine Army, and taking over the civilian government. During the Japanese occupation in the country, 57,000 Filipino and American
prisoners of war
A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held Captivity, captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610.
Belligerents hold priso ...
passed the town of Angeles. They were forced to join the
Bataan Death March
The Bataan Death March (Filipino: ''Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan''; Spanish: ''Marcha de la muerte de Bataán'' ; Kapampangan: ''Martsa ning Kematayan quing Bataan''; Japanese: バターン死の行進, Hepburn: ''Batān Shi no Kōshin'') was ...
, going to
Camp O'Donnell
Camp O'Donnell is a former United States military reservation in the Philippines located on Luzon island in the municipality of Capas in Tarlac. It housed the Philippine Army's newly created 71st Division and after the Americans' return, a Unite ...
in
Capas, Tarlac
Capas, officially the Municipality of Capas ( pam, Balen ning Capas;
tgl, Bayan ng Capas), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Tarlac, Philippines, and one of the richest towns in the province. The town also consists of numerous su ...
. Angeleños showed their sympathy by handing them food, milk, boiled eggs, rice cakes, cigarettes, and water. Angeleños followed them up to the train station in Dau railway station in
Mabalacat
Mabalacat, officially the City of Mabalacat ( pam, Lakanbalen ning Mabalacat; fil, Lungsod ng Mabalacat), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 293,244 people ...
to give moral and spiritual support, and even helped the escapees.
War historians considered the bombing of Fort Stotsenburg on December 8, 1941, at 12:30 p.m. as one of the most destructive air raids in
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, because almost all the American war planes were wrecked on the ground. In thirty minutes, the air might of America in the Far East was completely destroyed.
On the early morning of New Year's Day 1942, the first Japanese troops entered Angeles; they would occupy it until January 1945. During the Japanese invasion, another type of local government was set up on January 22, 1942. During the Japanese occupation, Clark Air Base then became a major center for staging Japanese air operations. Japanese aircraft flying out of Clark participated in the
Battle of Leyte Gulf
The Battle of Leyte Gulf ( fil, Labanan sa golpo ng Leyte, lit=Battle of Leyte gulf; ) was the largest naval battle of World War II and by some criteria the largest naval battle in history, with over 200,000 naval personnel involved. It was fou ...
, considered to be the largest naval battle of the Second World War and possibly the largest naval battle in history.
Clark Air Base was recaptured by the Americans in January 1945, after three months of fierce fighting in the Philippines. After three years of atrocities committed by Japanese forces, the town and the rest of the Philippines were finally liberated by the combined United States and Philippine Commonwealth troops in 1945. The building of the general headquarters of the
Philippine Commonwealth Army
The Philippine Army was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines, with a general headquarters in Manila, and units and formations based throughout the provinces of the Philippines.
The Philippine Army was initially org ...
and
Philippine Constabulary
The Philippine Constabulary (PC; tl, Hukbóng Pamayapà ng Pilipinas, ''HPP''; es, Policía de Filipinas, ''PF'') was a gendarmerie-type police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Po ...
was situated in Angeles from January 1945 to June 1946, during and after World War II.
Independence and cityhood
After World War II, the Philippines gained independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, but then would be tied to a neo-colonial relationship. The "Treaty of General Relations" signed on independence day itself signified the Americans' withdrawal and surrender of possession, control and sovereignty over the Philippines, except the use of their bases. It was followed by the Philippine-American Military Bases Agreement on March 14, 1947, allowing the U.S. to maintain territorial integrity and sovereignty over Clark Air Base and
Subic Naval Base for the next 44 years. Clark occupied 63,103 hectares and served as the tactical operational U.S. air force installation in the entire Southeast Asian region that had the capacity to accommodate the U.S. military transport planes, which served the entire Western Pacific.
Through the years, although Fort Stotsenburg continued to expand to become what is now known as Clark Air Base, Angeles, despite its proximity to the American camp, did not progress fast and remained fairly small until the end of World War II. It was finally inaugurated on January 1, 1964, as a chartered city under Republic Act No. 3700 and then it entered a period of tremendous growth that has resulted in its present position as the "Premier City in Central Luzon." It was then Mayor Rafael del Rosario's brainchild that Angeles became a city. He gained the distinction of being the last municipal mayor of Angeles. He was assisted in the preparation of the City Chapter by Attorney Enrique Tayag, a prominent resident of the town. Congresswoman Juanita L. Nepomuceno of the first district of Pampanga sponsored the bill in Congress, which was approved by then President
Diosdado Macapagal
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal Sr. (; September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was a Filipino lawyer, poet and politician who served as the ninth president of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth vice president, serving from 19 ...
, the ninth Philippine president and a native of the province of Pampanga.
Mount Pinatubo eruption and Angeles today
![Collapsed hangars at Clark Air Base](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Collapsed_hangars_at_Clark_Air_Base.jpg)
On June 15, 1991, Angeles was affected by the cataclysmic eruption of nearby
Mount Pinatubo
Mount Pinatubo is an active stratovolcano in the Zambales Mountains, located on the tripoint boundary of the Philippine provinces of Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga, all in Central Luzon on the northern island of Luzon. Its eruptive history w ...
, with up to 60,000 people being
evacuated from the city. It was the second-largest volcanic eruption of the twentieth century and, by far, the largest eruption to affect a densely populated area. The province of
Pampanga
Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga ( pam, Lalawigan ning Pampanga; tl, Lalawigan ng Pampanga ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac ...
, Clark specifically, were badly hit and the agricultural lands, as well as other businesses, were covered by tons of lahar. There were no casualties reported inside Clark two days from the initial eruption because the 18,000 personnel and their families were transported to
Guam
Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
and the
Subic Naval Base in
Zambales
Zambales, officially the Province of Zambales ( fil, Lalawigan ng Zambales; ilo, Probinsia ti Zambales; Pangasinan: ''Luyag/Probinsia na Zambales''; xsb, Probinsya nin Zambales), is a province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon re ...
.
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo forced the leadership of the U.S. to prematurely abandon its military installation at Clark Air Base. This is in addition to the voting by the Philippine Senate in 1991 to no longer extend the
Laurel–Langley Agreement
The Laurel–Langley Agreement was a trade agreement signed in 1955 between the United States and its former colony the Philippines. It expired in 1974. It was an amendment to the Bell Trade Act, which gave full parity rights to American citizens ...
, which allowed the presence of U.S. military forces on Philippine territory, thus ending the long chapter of Filipino-American relations in the history of Angeles. The U.S. military never returned to Clark, turning over the damaged base to the Philippine government on November 26, 1991
![MacArthur Highway Angeles City, Pampanga](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/MacArthur_Highway_Angeles_City%2C_Pampanga.jpg)
In 1993, cleanup and removal of volcanic ash deposits began. The former base re-emerged as
Clark Special Economic Zone
The Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), often shortened to Clark, refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The CFEZ in Pampanga covers portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat and portions of the town of Porac while ...
(CSEZ) approved by then President
Fidel V. Ramos
Fidel Valdez Ramos (, ; March 18, 1928 – July 31, 2022), popularly known as FVR and Eddie Ramos, was a Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th president of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. He was the only career military ...
on April 3 of the same year. The airfield infrastructure was improved and destined to be the premiere airport in the country in the next five years and one of the most modern in Asia.
["Mr. Lucio Tan is very excited about the development of Clark as an international airport. Clark will become the premiere airport in the country in the next five years," PAL president Jaime Bautista said.] The creation of CSEZ has helped to offset the loss of income and jobs previously generated by the presence of the U.S. base. Today, Angeles and Clark together form the hub for business, industry, aviation and tourism, as well as the entertainment and gaming center of
Central Luzon
Central Luzon ( pam, (Reyun ning) Kalibudtarang Luzon, pag, (Rehiyon na) Pegley na Luzon, tgl, (Rehiyon ng) Gitnang Luzon, ilo, (Rehion/Deppaar ti) Tengnga ti Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines, ...
.
Among the draws for tourists is the local dish
sisig
''Sisig'' ( ) is a Filipino dish made from parts of a pig's face and belly, and chicken liver which is usually seasoned with ''calamansi'', onions, and chili peppers. It originates from the Pampanga region in Luzon.
''Sisig'' is a staple of Kap ...
which according to the Center for Kapampangan Studies, originated in this Angeles and has been on the menu since the 1730s. Pampanga is well known as the culinary center of the Philippines.
In 2018, Angeles applied to be a UNESCO Creative City, while it also applied ''sisig'' into the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The applications are currently being processed by UNESCO.
Geography
It is bordered by
Mabalacat
Mabalacat, officially the City of Mabalacat ( pam, Lakanbalen ning Mabalacat; fil, Lungsod ng Mabalacat), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 293,244 people ...
to the north,
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
to the east,
San Fernando
San Fernando may refer to:
People
*Ferdinand III of Castile (c. 1200–1252), called ''San Fernando'' (Spanish) or ''Saint Ferdinand'', King of Castile, León, and Galicia
Places Argentina
*San Fernando de la Buena Vista, city of Greater Buenos ...
to the southeast,
Bacolor
Bacolor, officially the Municipality of Bacolor ( pam, Balen ning Bakúlud; tgl, Bayan ng Bacolor), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 48,066 people.
Bacolor ...
to the south, and
Porac
Porac, officially the Municipality of Porac ( pam, Balen ning Porac; fil, Bayan ng Porac), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 140,751 people.
The Subic–Cl ...
to the southwest and west. Though the city administers itself autonomously from
Pampanga
Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga ( pam, Lalawigan ning Pampanga; tl, Lalawigan ng Pampanga ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac ...
, it is the province's commercial and financial hub.
Angeles is served by the
Clark International Airport
Clark International Airport ( pam, Pangyatung Sulapawan ning Clark; fil, Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Clark; ), known as Diosdado Macapagal International Airport from 2003 to 2012, is an international airport covering portions of the cities of ...
in
Clark Freeport Zone
The Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), often shortened to Clark, refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The CFEZ in Pampanga covers portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat and portions of the town of Porac while ...
.
Angeles is from Manila and from the provincial capital,
San Fernando
San Fernando may refer to:
People
*Ferdinand III of Castile (c. 1200–1252), called ''San Fernando'' (Spanish) or ''Saint Ferdinand'', King of Castile, León, and Galicia
Places Argentina
*San Fernando de la Buena Vista, city of Greater Buenos ...
.
Climate
Under the
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
system, Angeles has a
tropical savanna climate
Tropical savanna climate or tropical wet and dry climate is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification categories ''Aw'' (for a dry winter) and ''As'' (for a dry summer). The driest month has less than of p ...
that borders on a
tropical monsoon climate
An area of tropical monsoon climate (occasionally known as a sub-equatorial, tropical wet climate or a tropical monsoon and trade-wind littoral climate) is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification category ...
(
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
Aw/Am).
Angeles experiences two distinct seasons: a dry season from November through April, with a wet season from May through October. From 1953 to 1991, the mean daily low was 22.6 °C and the mean daily high was 31.3 °C, with June being warmest and January and February being the coolest. The average annual rainfall is 2026.8 mm. Typhoons tend to approach from the east during the summer and fall. Many damaging storms struck the city, including
Typhoon Irma on November 28, 1974 (generally considered to be the strongest one);
Typhoon Rita on October 27, 1978;
Typhoon Irma (the name was reused) on November 24, 1981; Typhoon Ruby on October 25, 1988; and
Typhoon Yunya on June 15, 1991, which coincided with the Mount Pinatubo blast. In July 1972, Central Luzon experienced a month of nearly continuous rain, resulting in ± falling on the plain around Angeles.
Barangays
Angeles is divided into 33
barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
s.
Anunas
![Korea Town of Angeles City, Pampanga](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Korea_Town_of_Angeles_City%2C_Pampanga.jpg)
Anunas is the
barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
that houses the city's
Koreatown
A Koreatown (Korean: 코리아타운), also known as a Little Korea or Little Seoul, is a Korean-dominated ethnic enclave within a city or metropolitan area outside the Korean Peninsula.
History
Koreatowns as an East Asian ethnic enclave have ...
, a chain of Korean establishments along the
Fil-Am Friendship Highway. Anunas is also identified as one of the growth centers of the city, focusing on light industries such as woodcarving and rattan craft.
Balibago and Malabañas
Balibago is the main entertainment district of Angeles. It contains
Casino Filipino
Casino Filipino (CF) is a chain of casino operated by the state-owned gambling regulator and operator Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR).
Casino Filipino's has two main branches in Manila; in Malate and Santa Cruz. It also ha ...
Angeles and the famous
Fields Avenue tourist belt. The city's biggest mall,
SM City Clark
SM City Clark is a shopping mall owned and operated by SM Prime Holdings, Inc. It is located along M.A. Roxas Avenue in Clark Freeport, Angeles City, Philippines. It is the second SM supermall in the province of Pampanga after SM City Pampanga i ...
, is also situated in Barangay Malabañas.
Pampang and San Nicolas
These two barangays form the main public market district of the city. The Pampang Wet Market, San Nicolas Market, Friday Flea Market (locally referred to as Apu), Jumbo Jenra Angeles, Puregold Angeles, and the Angeles Slaughterhouse are found here. The Pampang Wet Market is the largest and most frequented wet market in the province of Pampanga. It also attracts people from nearby towns. Ospital Ning Angeles (ONA),City College of Angeles, Angeles City National High School are located in Pampang.
Pulung Maragul
Pulung Maragul is the
barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
that houses the city's government complex, which includes the Angeles City Hall, the Angeles City Hall of Justice, and other government buildings. It is also the location of the Angeles Exit of the
North Luzon Expressway
The North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), signed as E1 of the Philippine expressway network, partially as N160 of the Philippine highway network, and R-8 of the Metro Manila arterial road network, is a limited-access toll expressway that connects M ...
and
Marquee Mall
MarQuee Mall is a shopping mall owned and operated by the North Beacon Commercial Corporation, a 100% wholly owned subsidiary of Ayala Land. It is located in Barangay Pulung Maragul, Angeles City, Philippines. The mall has a land area of and a ...
, Ayala's first mall in Central Luzon. Marquee Place and Marquee Residences later rose in Pulung Maragul as well, next to the mall.
Santo Rosario
Santo Rosario is the
poblacion
''Poblacion'' (literally "town" or "settlement" in Spanish language in the Philippines, Spanish; ) is the common term used for the administrative center, central, downtown, old town or central business district area of a Philippines, Philippi ...
. It is home to most of Angeles' heritage and historical structures such as the
Holy Rosary Parish Church, Pamintuan Mansion which is privately owned by Maverick Pamintuan, Bale Herencia, and Museo ning Angeles (former City Hall building).
Holy Angel University
Holy Angel University is a private Catholic research university in Angeles City, Philippines. Founded in June 1933 by Don Juan Nepomuceno and Fr. Pedro Paulo Santos, who was later named as the Archbishop of Cáceres, is considered the first ...
, Central Luzon's largest university in terms of population, is also located here. Plans of declaring the
barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
or parts of it a heritage zone are ongoing.
Sapangbato
Sapangbato is the largest
barangay
A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
in Angeles in terms of territory, with a total land area of 104,694 sq. meters and a population of 11,262. Located northwest of Angeles near
Clark Freeport Zone
The Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), often shortened to Clark, refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The CFEZ in Pampanga covers portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat and portions of the town of Porac while ...
, it is identified as the barangay in Angeles with the highest elevation of 750 feet above sea level. It is home to
Fort Stotsenburg
Fort Stotsenburg, during the World War II era, was the location of the Philippine Department's 26th Cavalry Regiment, 86th Field Artillery Battalion, and 88th Field Artillery Regiment; along with the Philippine Division's 23rd and 24th Fiel ...
, also known as the Parade Grounds of Clark.
apl.de.ap
Allan Pineda Lindo (born November 28, 1974), known professionally as apl.de.ap (), is a Filipino-American rapper, singer and record producer. He is a founding member of the hip hop group Black Eyed Peas.
Early life
Allan Pineda Lindo was born ...
, member of the hip hop group
The Black Eyed Peas
Black Eyed Peas (also known as The Black Eyed Peas) is an American musical group consisting of rappers will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo. The group's line-up during the height of their popularity in the 2000s featured Fergie, who replaced Kim Hil ...
, hails from Sapangbato. The famous Puning Hot Springs of Barangay Inararo in
Porac
Porac, officially the Municipality of Porac ( pam, Balen ning Porac; fil, Bayan ng Porac), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 140,751 people.
The Subic–Cl ...
are accessed through Sitio Target in Sapangbato.
Demographics
Kapampangan is the predominant language of the city, along with Tagalog. English is also widely spoken, and understood by those with or without American military fathers.
Religion
The majority of the population of Angeles is Catholic. At least two major festivals associated with the Catholic faith are held in October in the city. Commemorating the victory of the Spanish fleet over the Dutch Navy in 1646, the La Naval Fiesta is celebrated in honor of the
Our Lady of La Naval de Manila
Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary — La Naval de Manila (Spanish: ''Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario - La Naval de Manila''; Tagalog: ''Mahal na Ina ng Santo Rosaryo ng La Naval de Manila''; is a venerated title of the Blessed Virgin Mary ...
with adherents believing that her intercession was instrumental to the Spaniards' naval victory. The Apu Fiesta involves devotees from all over Pampanga making a visit to the Apu shrine to venerate the image of Jesus Christ lying in the
sepulchre which is believed to be miraculous by believers.
Expatriate and immigrant community
Owing to the presence of the nearby U.S. Clark Air Force Base and consequent Freeport Zone, many Americans chose to permanently settle in the area, particularly in the Balibago district, and thus Angeles became home to a large colony of expatriates. During the American colonial period (1898–1946), more than 800,000 Americans were born in the Philippines, and a large concentration of
Filipino mestizo
In the Philippines, Filipino Mestizo ( es, mestizo (masculine) / mestiza (feminine); Filipino/ tl, Mestiso (masculine) / Mestisa (feminine)) or colloquially ''Tisoy'', is a name used to refer to people of mixed native Filipino and any foreign ...
s or
Filipinos with American ancestry were located in this city.
[
][
]
Economy
Being home of the former
Clark Air Base
Clark Air Base is a Philippine Air Force base on Luzon Island in the Philippines, located west of Angeles City, about northwest of Metro Manila. Clark Air Base was previously a United States military facility, operated by the U.S. Air Forc ...
(once the largest United States military facility outside the continental United States), it was significantly affected by the fallout from the eruption of
Mount Pinatubo
Mount Pinatubo is an active stratovolcano in the Zambales Mountains, located on the tripoint boundary of the Philippine provinces of Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga, all in Central Luzon on the northern island of Luzon. Its eruptive history w ...
in 1991. The economy of Angeles was heavily dependent on the American base at that time.
In 1993, a full cleanup and removal of volcanic ash deposits began and the former U.S. base was transformed into the
Clark Special Economic Zone
The Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), often shortened to Clark, refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The CFEZ in Pampanga covers portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat and portions of the town of Porac while ...
(CSEZ).
The creation of CSEZ has helped to offset the loss of income and jobs previously generated by the presence of the U.S. base in the city. Today, Angeles and Clark form the hub for business, industry, aviation, and tourism in the Philippines as well as a leisure, fitness, entertainment and gaming center of
Central Luzon
Central Luzon ( pam, (Reyun ning) Kalibudtarang Luzon, pag, (Rehiyon na) Pegley na Luzon, tgl, (Rehiyon ng) Gitnang Luzon, ilo, (Rehion/Deppaar ti) Tengnga ti Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines, ...
.
Angeles is home to an emerging technology industry. Its economy is based also on tourism and gambling.
Fields Avenue forms the hub of the night life industry focused in Angeles. With close proximity to an international airport in Clark Freeport, Angeles is visited by foreigners all year round.
![Behind Marquee Mall](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Behind_Marquee_Mall.jpg)
In the 2000s, the local government of Angeles rebranded the Fields Avenue tourist belt as a high-end destination with fine restaurants and luxury hotels and casinos
The finishing of roads, such as the
Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway
The Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX), signed as E1 and E4 of the Philippine expressway network and R-8 of the Metro Manila arterial road network, is controlled-access toll expressway in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. From ...
, has improved trade and transport.
The project connects the industrial, transport and business hubs of Pampanga, Zambales, Bataan and Tarlac. The project is crucial to bolstering growth in Central Luzon.
The city has
cottage industries
The putting-out system is a means of subcontracting work. Historically, it was also known as the workshop system and the domestic system. In putting-out, work is contracted by a central agent to subcontractors who complete the project via remote w ...
producing
rattan
Rattan, also spelled ratan, is the name for roughly 600 species of Old World climbing palms belonging to subfamily Calamoideae. The greatest diversity of rattan palm species and genera are in the closed-canopy old-growth tropical forests of ...
furniture,
coconut
The coconut tree (''Cocos nucifera'') is a member of the palm tree family ( Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus ''Cocos''. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the ...
s, and
charcoal
Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood (or other animal and plant materials) in minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. In the traditional version of this pyrolysis process, cal ...
briquette
A briquette (; also spelled briquet) is a compressed block of coal dust or other combustible biomass material (e.g. charcoal, sawdust, wood chips, peat, or paper) used for fuel and kindling to start a fire. The term derives from the French word '' ...
s. It also has many thriving export businesses in handicrafts, metal crafts, toys, houseware and garments.
Apart from the Clark Freeport Zone, industrial areas include the Angeles Livelihood Village and the Angeles City Industrial Estate.
Call centers present are e-Telecare, CyberCity, Sutherland and IRMC. Other American IT industries are major employers as well.
The establishment of a number of shopping malls also fueled the city's economy, including
SM City Clark
SM City Clark is a shopping mall owned and operated by SM Prime Holdings, Inc. It is located along M.A. Roxas Avenue in Clark Freeport, Angeles City, Philippines. It is the second SM supermall in the province of Pampanga after SM City Pampanga i ...
,
Robinsons Angeles, Jenra Grand Mall, Nepo Mall, Saver's Mall and the
Marquee Mall
MarQuee Mall is a shopping mall owned and operated by the North Beacon Commercial Corporation, a 100% wholly owned subsidiary of Ayala Land. It is located in Barangay Pulung Maragul, Angeles City, Philippines. The mall has a land area of and a ...
, next to City Hall.
Angeles City houses numerous restaurants that are usually located near the malls and mostly in Nepo Quad which was newly renovated to cater the heightened needs of the population.
Culture
![October Fest (Angeles City)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/October_Fest_%28Angeles_City%29.jpg)
The city hosts a street party called the Tigtigan Terakan keng Dalan () every October which features musical performances from both amateur and better-known
OPM bands.
The Sisig Festival, locally known as the Sadsaran Qng Angeles, festivities dedicated to the Kapmpangan dish ''
sisig
''Sisig'' ( ) is a Filipino dish made from parts of a pig's face and belly, and chicken liver which is usually seasoned with ''calamansi'', onions, and chili peppers. It originates from the Pampanga region in Luzon.
''Sisig'' is a staple of Kap ...
'', used to be held every December. It was halted in 2008 following the murder of
Lucia Cunanan
Lucía "Aling Lucing" Lagman Cunanan (27 February 1928 – 16 April 2008) was a Filipino restaurant, restaurateur best known for having invented or at least re-invented sisig, a popular Kapampangan people, Kapampangan dish in the Philippines and ...
, who was known for promoting the dish. The festival was revived as a one-day fiesta in April 2017 in association with the
Department of Tourism.
Tourism
![Angeles Heritage District](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Angeles_Heritage_District.jpg)
Angeles is promoted as a
gastronomy tourist destination and is billed as the "culinary capital" of the Philippines. The city is known as a hub for Kampampangan cuisine as well as for its pork
sisig
''Sisig'' ( ) is a Filipino dish made from parts of a pig's face and belly, and chicken liver which is usually seasoned with ''calamansi'', onions, and chili peppers. It originates from the Pampanga region in Luzon.
''Sisig'' is a staple of Kap ...
. The city also has numerous historically and culturally significant tourist destinations including the Pamintuan Mansion, a heritage house which hosts a history and social studies museum, and the Holy Rosary Church, which is recognized by the
National Museum of the Philippines
The National Museum of the Philippines ( fil, Pambansang Museo ng Pilipinas}) is an umbrella government organization that oversees a number of national museums in the Philippines including ethnographic, anthropological, archaeological, and visu ...
as an
Important Cultural Property. Angeles is also situated within the perimeter of the
Clark Freeport Zone
The Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), often shortened to Clark, refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The CFEZ in Pampanga covers portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat and portions of the town of Porac while ...
.
Sex tourism
A consequence of the presence of U.S. bases in the country is the prostitution industry in the city. Since the early days of Clark Air Base, Fields Avenue in Balibago district is an area frequently visited by the U.S. servicemen, has been known as a center for prostitution and
sex tourism
Sex tourism refers to the practice of traveling to foreign countries, often on a different continent, with the intention of engaging in sexual activity or relationships in exchange for money or lifestyle support. This practice predominantly oper ...
.
A
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
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article characterized it as "the centre of the Philippines sex industry" and dubbed it "Sin City."
[
]
Elsewhere and in later years, Philippine travel publications have described it as the "Entertainment Capital of Central Luzon", "The Filipino
Las Vegas
Las Vegas (; Spanish for "The Meadows"), often known simply as Vegas, is the 25th-most populous city in the United States, the most populous city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas ...
", and "Entertainment City."
Government
List of Mayors
Gobernadorcillo or Capitan
*1829 Dec 8 to 1830 Dec 31, Ciriaco de Miranda
*1831, Alejandro Pamintuan
*1832, Nicolas de Guzman
*1833, Felipe Mendiola
*1834, Nicolas Navarro
*1835, Pantaleon Paras
*1836, Victoriano Morales
*1837, Mariano Tolentino
*1838, Tiburcio Paras
*1839, Vicente Feliciano
*1840, Pedro Arceo
*1841, Alejandro Pamintuan
*1842, Eulogio Tadeo
*1843, Cristobal Lacson
*1844, Nicolas de Guzman
*1845, Doroteo Dison
*1846, Esteban Datu
*1847, Jose Maria Henson
*1848, Nicolas Navarro
*1849, Mauricio de Jesus
*1850, Eulogio Tadeo
*1851, Casimiro Sanchez
*1852, Pio R. Nepomuceno
*1853-1854, Pablo del Rosario
*1855, Victor Lacson
*1856, Jose Narciso
*1857, Valentin Tuazon
*1858, Pedro Tanjueco
*1859, Carlos Cayanan
*1860, Cesareo Dison
*1861, Perfecto Paris
*1862, Tomas Dison
*1863, Pedro Sanchez
*1864, Victor Lacson
*1865, Agustin Dison
*1866, Jose Narciso
*1867, Macario Dison
*1868, Mariano Suarez
*1869, Filomeno Pamintuan
*1869, Laureano Lacson
*1871, Mariano V. Henson
*1873, Francisco Paris
*1875, Mariano Pamintuan
*1877, Eduardo Tison
*1879, Juan Nepomuceno
*1881, Simplicio Mendiola
*1882, Juan de Guzman
*1888, Vicente Paras
*1885, Maximo Tablante
*1887, Jose R. Henson
*1889, Aniceto Gueco
*1891, Laureano Suarez
*1893, Catalino de los Santos
Capitan Municipal
*1894, Catalino de los Santos
*1895, Mariano Paras
*1896, Clemente Gueco
Committee
*1898 Jun 1, Filomeno Pamintuan, Teofisto Ganson, Galicano Valdes
Presidente Municipal
*1898 Sep, Juan Nepomuceno
*1899, Laureano Lacson
*1900, Galicano Valdes
*1900, Pablo Torres
Alcalde
*1900, Florentino Pamintuan
*1901, Laureano Suarez
Municipal President
*1901 Oct 16, Laureano Suarez
*1902, Esteban Gomez
*1904, Marcelo Mesina
*1904, Lauro Dison
*1906, Leandro Panlilio
*1908, Jose P. Henson
*1910, Galicano Valdes
*1913, Demetrio Gomez
*1916, Emiliano Valdes
*1919, Clemente N. Dayrit
*1922, Juan D. Nepomuceno
*1928, Ricardo Nepomuceno
*1931, Francisco Lazatin
Municipal Mayor
*1936, Francisco Lazatin
*1937, Clemente N. Dayrit
*1941, Agapito del Rosario
*1942 Jan 21, Clemente N. Dayrit
*1944 Feb 6, Miguel Malig
*1944 Sep 19, Ponciano Dayrit
*1945 Jan 27, Alberto Sicangco
*1945 May 4, Ricardo Canlas
*1946 Jun 12, Rafael Lazatin
*1946, Rafael Lazatin
*1947 Jan 6, Vicente N. Henson
*1947 Feb 3, Jose Pangilinan
*1947 Sep 9, Jose Pangilinan
*1948 Jan 1-1951, Jose Pangilinan
*1951 Oct 8-Nov 5, Mariano A. Henson
*1952-1955, Manuel Abad Santos
*1956-1959, Manuel Abad Santos
*1960-1963, Rafael S. del Rosario
City Mayor
*1964-1967, Rafael S. del Rosario
*1968-1971, Eugenio N. Suarez
*1972-1975, Rafael L. Lazatin
*1976-1979, Rafael L. Lazatin
*1980-1983, Francisco G. Nepomuceno
*1984-1987, Francisco G. Nepomuceno
*1988-1992, Antonio A. Abad Santos
*1992-1995, Edgardo D. Pamintuan
*1995-1998, Edgardo D. Pamintuan
*1998 Mar 7-Jun 30, Maximo L. Sangil
*1998 Jul 1-2001 Jun 30, Carmelo F. Lazatin
*2001-2004, Carmelo F. Lazatin
*2004-2007, Carmelo F. Lazatin
*2007-2010, Francis L. Nepomuceno
*2010-2013, Edgardo D. Pamintuan
*2013-2016, Edgardo D. Pamintuan
*2016-2019, Edgardo D. Pamintuan
*2019–present, Carmelo G. Lazatin Jr.
Education
Colleges and universities
Media
In Angeles City, the only TV channel is
PEP TV via Air Cable Channel 3 SD & 209 in HD. There are three radio stations in the city; they are
UFM 105.5,
GVAM 792 and
GV 99.1.
Transport
Clark International Airport
Clark International Airport ( pam, Pangyatung Sulapawan ning Clark; fil, Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Clark; ), known as Diosdado Macapagal International Airport from 2003 to 2012, is an international airport covering portions of the cities of ...
is near the city; it is served by many passenger and cargo airlines, including some international ones.
Notable residents
Sister cities
Angeles has the following
sister cities
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties.
While there are early examples of inter ...
:
*
Las Vegas
Las Vegas (; Spanish for "The Meadows"), often known simply as Vegas, is the 25th-most populous city in the United States, the most populous city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas ...
,
Nevada
Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...
, U.S.
*
Seo District, Daegu,
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
*
Davao City
Davao City, officially the City of Davao ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Dabaw; ), is a first class highly urbanized city in the Davao Region, Philippines. The city has a total land area of , making it the largest city in the Philippines in terms of lan ...
, Philippines
*
Cabanatuan
Cabanatuan, officially the City of Cabanatuan ( fil, Lungsod ng Cabanatuan; ilo, Siudad ti Cabanatuan), is a 1st class component city in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 327,325 peop ...
, Philippines
*
San Fernando, Pampanga
San Fernando, officially the City of San Fernando ( pam, Lakanbalen ning Sampernandu; fil, Lungsod ng San Fernando), is a 1st class Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city and capital of the Provinces of the Philippines, ...
,
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
*
Valenzuela Valenzuela may refer to:
Places
* Valenzuela, Paraguay
* Valenzuela, Metro Manila, Philippines
* Valenzuela, Spain
* Valenzuela de Calatrava, Spain
* Valenzuela, Louisiana
Other uses
* Valenzuela (surname), including a list of people with the n ...
, Philippines
*
General Santos
General Santos, officially the City of General Santos,; hil, Dakbanwa sang Heneral Santos; Maguindanao language, Maguindanao: ''Ingud nu Heneral Santos''; Blaan language, Blaan: ''Banwe Dadiangas''; Tboli language, Tboli: ''Benwu Dadiangas'' ...
, Philippines
References
External links
*
*
Philippine Standard Geographic Code
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
br>
Philippine Census InformationLocal Governance Performance Management SystemInteractive street map of Angeles City area
{{Authority control
Cities in Pampanga
Highly urbanized cities in the Philippines
Populated places established in 1829
1829 establishments in the Philippines