Andrew ( uk, Андрій Юрієвич, translit=Andrii Yuriievych) (unknown – 1323) was the last
king of Ruthenia
King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Land of Ruthenia Lord and Heir (Ukrainian: ''Король Русі'', ''король Галичини і Володимирії'', ''князь і володар Всієї Землі ...
in 1308–1323 (according to other sources since 1315). He was the son of
Yurii I (1252–1308) whom he succeeded on the throne of Galicia. His mother was
Euphemia of Kuyavia. After the death of his father, he ruled the kingdom together with his brother
Lev II. Though the kingdom was one state managed together, there are sources informing that Andrew was seated in
Volodymyr Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, Volodýmyr, , orv, Володимѣръ) is a Ukrainian given name of Old East Slavic origin. The related Ancient Slavic, such as Czech, Russian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. form of the name is Володимѣръ ...
and Lev II in Galicia.
Fighting Lithuania and Tatars
It is known that in the second decade of 14th century, the Lithuanians strengthened their pressure upon Galicia-Volhynia attempting to take the lands of
Dorohychyn and
Berestia
Berestia ( be, Берасцейшчына; ua, Берестейщина, pl, Bieraście, lt, Berestje), is the part of Belarusian, Ukrainian, and Polish ethnic territory, bounded by the Bug River, Pripyat River, Yaselda River, and Narew (Narv ...
away. During these years of rule Andrew and his brother were in a constant fight with
Gediminas
Gediminas ( la, Gedeminne, ; – December 1341) was the king or Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316 until his death. He is credited with founding this political entity and expanding its territory which later spanned the area ranging from t ...
of Lithuania.
He had established firm relations with Polish king
Władysław I the Elbow-high Władysław is a Polish given male name, cognate with Vladislav. The feminine form is Władysława, archaic forms are Włodzisław (male) and Włodzisława (female), and Wladislaw is a variation. These names may refer to:
Famous people Mononym
* ...
and
Teutonic order
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on ...
and attempted to weaken dependence from the
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus, 'Great State' in Turkic, was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. With the fragme ...
.
They were also in union with the allies of Władysław I the Elbow-high -
Scandinavia
Scandinavia; Sámi languages: /. ( ) is a subregion in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. In English usage, ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Swe ...
n and
Pomeranian rulers against the margraves of
Brandenburg
Brandenburg (; nds, Brannenborg; dsb, Bramborska ) is a state in the northeast of Germany bordering the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony, as well as the country of Poland. With an area of 29,480 sq ...
(1315).
Death
According to some historians he died together with his brother Lev II battling the Mongol-Tatars or
Lithuanians while defending
Berestia
Berestia ( be, Берасцейшчына; ua, Берестейщина, pl, Bieraście, lt, Berestje), is the part of Belarusian, Ukrainian, and Polish ethnic territory, bounded by the Bug River, Pripyat River, Yaselda River, and Narew (Narv ...
.
Both king Andrew and his brother Lev II were much respected on the west. In May 1323, the Polish king Władysław I the Elbow-high in his letter to the
Pope
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...
wrote with regret: "The two last Ruthenian kings, that had been firm shields for
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
from the
Tatars
The Tatars ()[Tatar]
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different , left this world and after their death Poland is directly under Tatar threat."
After their death the line of direct descendants of
Roman Mstyslavych broke and the Galician state remained without a dynasty. Galician boyars (nobility) attempted to rule the state themselves. That perhaps was the reason that they sought the protection of the Tatars, which Władysław I the Elbow-high became afraid of. But soon more conservative elements took hold among the boyars and the Galician throne was given to the
Mazovian duke
Boleslaw Trojdenowicz
Yuri II Boleslav ( uk, Юрій-Болеслав Тройденович, translit=Yurii-Boleslav Troidenovych; pl, Bolesław Jerzy II; c. 1305/1310 – April 7, 1340), was King of Ruthenia and Dominus of the lands of Galicia–Volhynia (1325- ...
(related to the deceased royal brothers through marriage to their sister Maria), who took the name
Yuriy II and who ruled Galicia from 1323 until 1338. Boleslaw Treojdenowicz was married to Andrew's sister
Maria
Maria may refer to:
People
* Mary, mother of Jesus
* Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages
Place names Extraterrestrial
* 170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877
* Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, ...
who ruled along with the husband. Her niece, Eufemia, heiress of Volhynia ruled in
Lutsk
Lutsk ( uk, Луцьк, translit=Lutsk}, ; pl, Łuck ; yi, לוצק, Lutzk) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Volyn Oblast (province) and the administrative center of the surrounding Lu ...
.
Family
Daughter
* Euphemia of Volhynia. Married
Liubartas
Demetrius of Liubar or Liubartas (also ''Lubart'', ''Lubko'', ''Lubardus'', baptized ''Dmitry''; died ) was Prince of Lutsk and Liubar (Volhynia) (1323–1383), Prince of Zhytomyr (1363–1374), Grand Prince of Volhynia (1340–1383), Grand Princ ...
, youngest son of
Gediminas the Grand Duke of Lithuania
See also
*
List of Ukrainian rulers
This is a list that encompasses and includes all reigning leaders/rulers in the history of Ukraine.
This page includes the titles of the Grand Prince of Kyiv, Grand Prince of Chernigov, Grand Prince of Pereyaslavl, Grand Prince of Galicia ...
{{S-end
External links
Great history of Ukraine: Galician-Volhynian state(in
Ukrainian)
Year of birth missing
1323 deaths
Romanovichi family
Rurik dynasty
Eastern Orthodox monarchs
14th-century monarchs in Europe
Kings of Rus'