Amarna Letter EA 10
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Amarna Letter EA10 (see here

is the
letter Letter, letters, or literature may refer to: Characters typeface * Letter (alphabet), a character representing one or more of the sounds used in speech; any of the symbols of an alphabet. * Letterform, the graphic form of a letter of the alphabe ...
of the Amarna series of diplomatic correspondence designated EA 10, which is written in
cuneiform Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-sha ...
writing showing the continuation of a correspondence between
Burna-Buriash II Burna-Buriaš II, rendered in cuneiform as ''Bur-na-'' or ''Bur-ra-Bu-ri-ia-aš'' in royal inscriptions and letters, and meaning ''servant'' or ''protégé of the Lord of the lands'' in the Kassite language, where Buriaš (, dbu-ri-ia-aš₂) is a ...
(otherwise known as Burra-Buriyaš) an ancient king of Babylon (named
Karduniaš Karduniaš, also transcribed Kurduniash, Karduniash, Karaduniše, ) is a Kassites, Kassite term used for the kingdom centered on Babylonia and founded by the Kassite dynasty. It is used in the 1350-1335 BC Amarna letters Text corpus, correspondence ...
in the 1350BC Amarna time period), and
Akhenaten Akhenaten (pronounced ), also spelled Echnaton, Akhenaton, ( egy, ꜣḫ-n-jtn ''ʾŪḫə-nə-yātəy'', , meaning "Effective for the Aten"), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh reigning or 1351–1334 BC, the tenth ruler of the Eighteenth Dy ...
(also known as Amenophis IV), an ancient
pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: ''pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the an ...
of Egypt. Some part of the contents of the letter indicates (in addition to EA11) that the Egyptian pharaoh married his daughters (named
Meritaten Meritaten, also spelled Merytaten, Meritaton or Meryetaten ( egy, mrii.t-itn) (14th century BC), was an ancient Egyptian royal woman of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. Her name means "She who is beloved of Aten"; Aten being the sun-deity whom h ...
and
Ankhesenpaaten Ankhesenamun (, "Her Life Is of Amun"; c. 1348 or c. 1342 – after 1322 BC) was a queen who lived during the 18th Dynasty of Egypt as the pharaoh Akhenaten's daughter and subsequently became the Great Royal Wife of pharaoh Tutankhamun. Born An ...
) at a time when they were about 11 or 12 years of age. Within the letter Burna-Buriash II praises the craftsmen of the land of Akhenaten, and requests a model of an animal, either land or aquatic, and he is apparently indifferent to which of the two the pharaoh should choose to have created. The letter is part of a series of correspondences from
Babylonia Babylonia (; Akkadian: , ''māt Akkadī'') was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria). It emerged as an Amorite-ruled state c. ...
to Egypt, which run from EA2 to EA4 and EA6 to EA14. EA1 and EA5 are from
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
to Babylonia.


The letter


EA 10: ''"Egyptian Gold and Carpenters"''

EA 10, letter number five of six, from Karduniash (
Babylon ''Bābili(m)'' * sux, 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 * arc, 𐡁𐡁𐡋 ''Bāḇel'' * syc, ܒܒܠ ''Bāḇel'' * grc-gre, Βαβυλών ''Babylṓn'' * he, בָּבֶל ''Bāvel'' * peo, 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢 ''Bābiru'' * elx, 𒀸𒁀𒉿𒇷 ''Babi ...
), by King
Burna-Buriash II Burna-Buriaš II, rendered in cuneiform as ''Bur-na-'' or ''Bur-ra-Bu-ri-ia-aš'' in royal inscriptions and letters, and meaning ''servant'' or ''protégé of the Lord of the lands'' in the Kassite language, where Buriaš (, dbu-ri-ia-aš₂) is a ...
. (Not a linear, line-by-line translation.) Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' EA 10, ''"A Brotherly Quarrel"'', pp. 19-20. ''Obverse'' (see here

:(Lines 1-7)– ay t Naphu]rar y,1 the king of gypt: Tus Burra-Buriyas, the king of Karad niyaš. For me all goes wel For you, for your household, for your wives, fo your ''sons'' for your magnates, for your troops, for your chariots, for your horses, and for your country, may all go very well. :(8-24)–From the time of Karaindaš, since the messengers2 of your ancestors came regularly to my ancestors, up to the present, they (the ancestors) have been friends. Now, though you and I are friends, 3 times have your messengers come to me and you have not sent me a single beautiful greeting-gift, nor have I for my part sent you a beautiful greeting-gift. (I am one for whom nothing is scarce, and you are one for whom nothing is scarce.)3 As for your messenger whom you sent to me, the 20 minas of gold that were brought here were not all there. When they put it into the kiln, not 5 minas of gold appeared.4 he ... tht did appear, on cooling off looked like ''ashes.'' Was '' ''the gold evr identifi d' (as gold)?5 ... friends with ''e ch other' ... ... ''bottom'' :(25-28)– ... ''reverse'' :(29-42)– ... of a wild ox for ... ... ''6 when your messenger ... ... ''7 let him bring to to me. There are skilled carpenters8 where you are. Let them represent a wild animal, land or aquatic, lifelike,9 so that the hide is exactly like that of a live animal. Let your messenger bring it to me. But if there are some old ones already on hand, then as soon as Šindišugab, my messenger, reaches you, let him immediately, posthaste, ''borrow chariot '10 and get here. Let them make some n ones for future delivery, and then when my messenger comes here with your messenger, let them bring (them) here together. :(43-49)–I send as your greeting-gift 2 minas of
lapis lazuli Lapis lazuli (; ), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color. As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, ...
, and concerning your daughter Mayati,11 having heard (about her), I send to her as her greeting-gift a necklace of ''cricket-(shaped)'' gems, of
lapis-lazuli Lapis lazuli (; ), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color. As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, ...
, 1048 their number. And when your messenger '' ''comes'' '' along with Šindišugab, ''I will'' make ... and have ''brough to hr.''12 -- (complete EA 10, with many lacunae and bottom 3 lines missing on obverse, total lines 1-49)


See also

*Amarna letters: EA 1,
EA 2 Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California. Founded in May 1982 by Apple employee Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer game industry and promoted the ...
, EA 3, EA 4, EA 5, EA 6, EA 7, EA 8, EA 9, EA 11


References


Ext links

{{commons category
Obverse of letter (altered photographic width)CDLI entry of EA 10 (''Chicago Digital Library Initiative'' )CDLI listing of all EA Amarna letters, 1-382
Amarna letters Kassites