Altstadt Gymnasium Altstadt Gymnasium (german: Altstädtisches Gymnasium) was a German secondary school in the

Altstadt ''Altstadt'' is the German language word for "old town", and generally refers to the historical town or city centre within the old town or city wall, in contrast to younger suburbs outside. '' Neustadt'' (new town), the logical opposite of ''Alt ...

quarter of

Königsberg Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

History

A parochial school () was established ca. 1333Albinus, p. 21 or 1335Wiese, p. 150 by the original

Altstadt Church Altstadt Church (german: Altstädtische Kirche) was a medieval church in the Altstadt quarter of Königsberg, Germany. It was dismantled during the 1820s and replaced with New Altstadt Church. History The originally Roman Catholic parish church ...

. Disputes between Altstadt and

Kneiphof Coat of arms of Kneiphof Postcard of Kneiphöfsche Langgasse Reconstruction of Kneiphof in Kaliningrad's museum Kneiphof (russian: Кнайпхоф; pl, Knipawa; lt, Knypava) was a quarter of central Königsberg (Kaliningrad). During the M ...

over where students should attend classes were common, however. Grand Master

Dietrich von Altenburg Dietrich von Altenburg was the 19th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1335 to 1341. He came from the Thuringian town of Altenburg in the Holy Roman Empire, where his father held the office of a burgrave of the immediate Ple ...

decided that students in northern Altstadt would attend the school in Altstadt, while students in southern Altstadt would attend school in Kneiphof; every two years the classes would switch schools.Gause I, p. 125 By 1381, however, students from all of Altstadt attended only the parochial school. By 1487 the school had moved to the street Danziger Keller near

Königsberg Castle The Königsberg Castle (german: Königsberger Schloss, russian: Кёнигсбергский замок, Konigsbergskiy zamok) was a castle in Königsberg, Germany (since 1946 Kaliningrad, Russia), and was one of the landmarks of the East Prussian ...

.Babucke, p. 5 The parochial school was expanded into a

Latin school The Latin school was the grammar school of 14th- to 19th-century Europe, though the latter term was much more common in England. Emphasis was placed, as the name indicates, on learning to use Latin. The education given at Latin schools gave gre ...

in 1525 during the

Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

. Because sunlight at the Danziger Keller building was partially blocked by one of the castle's towers, Altstadt's council approved the construction of a replacement school at Altstädtischer Kirchplatz (the later Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz). The new school was built from 1592 to 1595 and dedicated on 14 August 1595. It hosted the

Königsberg Public Library Public Library and Archive in Kneiphof Stamp of the library The Königsberg Public Library (german: Stadtbibliothek Königsberg) was a public library in Königsberg, Germany. Background The library developed from the personal collection of Joh ...

from 1737 to 1773. Altstadt's school was reorganized as a

humanistic Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry. The meaning of the term "humani ...

gymnasium separate from Altstadt Church in 1811 and was then known as the ''Städtisches Gymnasium'' or ''Stadt-Gymnasium'' (municipal gymnasium). In the summer of 1826 classes were temporarily held at Roßgärter Markt while the original Altstadt Church was being dismantled. Altstadt's school was renamed Altstadt Gymnasium in 1831 when Kneiphof's school was reorganized as another municipal gymnasium,

Kneiphof Gymnasium image:ID003746 B178 KneiphoefGymnasDom.jpg, Kneiphof Gymnasium, with Königsberg Cathedral in the background Kneiphof Gymnasium (german: Kneiphöfisches Gymnasium) was a Gymnasium (Germany), gymnasium in the Kneiphof quarter of Königsberg, Germany. ...

. Classes were temporarily held in Oberlaak starting in March 1846 while the 16th century school was rebuilt and modernized. The renovated school at Altstädtischer Kirchplatz was rededicated on 12 April 1847.Babucke, p. 6 The three-storied building contained eight classrooms, a library, a laboratory, an auditorium, a conference room, and the director's residence. Altstadt Gymnasium moved again in Easter 1889 to a new structure in place of the dismantled Pulverturm on Altstädtische Langgasse. It was designed by the ''Stadtbaurat'' Julius Krüger and cost 335,257

Mark Mark may refer to: Currency * Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, the currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina * East German mark, the currency of the German Democratic Republic * Estonian mark, the currency of Estonia between 1918 and 1927 * Fi ...

.Wiese, p. 151 The walls of its hall were decorated with images of the

Ancient Olympic Games The ancient Olympic Games (Ὀλυμπιακοὶ ἀγῶνες; la, Olympia, neuter plural: "the Olympics") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and were one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. ...

by the painters Ernst Bischoff-Kulm and Emil Dörstling.Gause II, p. 715 The sons of Königsberg's higher educated Jews, such as lawyers, doctors, and journalists, often attended Altstadt Gymnasium, while the sons of Jewish merchants were more likely to attend Kneiphof Gymnasium. Altstadt Gymnasium had 119 students in 1541, approximately 300 students in 1670, 479 students in 1878, and 437 students in 1907. It was merged with Kneiphof Gymnasium to form the combined

Stadtgymnasium Altstadt-Kneiphof Stadtgymnasium Altstadt-Kneiphof was a ''Gymnasium (Germany), Gymnasium'' in the Kneiphof quarter of Königsberg, Germany. History Despite some resistance,Gause, p. 76 the school was established by merging Altstadt Gymnasium and Kneiphof Gymnasi ...

on 6 January 1923, with classes held in Kneiphof instead of Altstadt. The former Altstadt building was subsequently used in 1925 by the Körte-Lyzeum. It was destroyed during the 1944

bombing of Königsberg in World War II The bombing of Königsberg was a series of attacks made on the city of Königsberg in East Prussia during World War II. The Soviet Air Force had made several raids on the city since 1941. Extensive attacks carried out by RAF Bomber Command destro ...

Notable people

Faculty

* Georg Bujack (1838-1891), historian * Gotthilf Christoph Wilhelm Busolt (1771–1831), pedagogue * Emil Dörstling (1859-1940), painter *

Georg Lejeune-Dirichlet Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) * , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker See also * George (disambiguation) George may refer to: People * George (given name) * G ...

(1858-1920), pedagogue * Eduard Loch (1868–1945), philologist *

Julius Rupp Julius Friedrich Leopold Rupp (13 August 1809 – 11 July 1884) was a Prussian Protestant theologian. He founded the first Free Protestant Congregation in Königsberg, which rejected all state or church control and believed in absolute freedom of ...

(1809-1884), theologian * Max Sellnick (1884–1971), biologist

Students

* Siegfried Heinrich Aronhold (1819-1884), mathematician *

Georg Bender Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) George is a surname of Irish, English, Welsh, South Indian Christian, Middle Eastern Christian (usually Lebanese), French, or ...

(1848-1924), politician *

Carl Bulcke Carl may refer to: *Carl, Georgia, city in USA *Carl, West Virginia, an unincorporated community * Carl (name), includes info about the name, variations of the name, and a list of people with the name *Carl², a TV series * "Carl", an episode of te ...

(1875-1936), writer * Hermann Eilsberger (1837-1908), theologian * Julius Ellinger (1817-1881), mathematician * Johann Funk (1792-1867), pastor * Otto Gisevius (1821-1871), jurist * Ernst August Hagen (1797-1880), writer *

Otto Hesse Ludwig Otto Hesse (22 April 1811 – 4 August 1874) was a German mathematician. Hesse was born in Königsberg, Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, and died in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, Bavaria. He worked mainly on algebraic invariants, and geome ...

(1811-1874), mathematician *

Reinhold Bernhard Jachmann Reinhold is a German male given name. This German name is originally from "Reinold", composed of two elements. The first is from ''ragin'', meaning "the (Germanic) Gods" and ''wald'' meaning "powerful". This name was popularised by the ancient Ge ...

(1767-1843), theologian * Robert Jaensch (1817–1892), mathematician *

Harry Liedtke Harry Liedtke (12 October 1882 – 28 April 1945) was a German film actor. Early life Liedtke was born in Königsberg, East Prussia to a merchant as the seventh out of 12 children. After the death of his father in 1896, he grew up in an orphanage ...

(1882-1945), actor *

Friedrich Julius Richelot Friedrich Julius Richelot (6 November 1808 – 31 March 1875) was a German mathematician, born in Königsberg. He was a student of Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi. He was promoted in 1831 at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Königsberg wit ...

(1808-1875), mathematician *

Ernst Reinhold Schmidt Ernst is both a surname and a given name, the German, Dutch, and Scandinavian form of Ernest. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Adolf Ernst (1832–1899) German botanist known by the author abbreviation "Ernst" * Anton Ernst (1975- ...

(1819–1901), German-American leader *

Heinrich Schröter Heinrich Eduard Schröter (8 January 1829 – 3 January 1892) was a German mathematician, who studied geometry in the tradition of Jakob Steiner. Life and work Schröter went to (along with mathematicians Alfred Clebsch, Rudolf Lipschitz, Carl ...

(1829-1902), mathematician * Otto Schumann (1805-1869), jurist * Walter Simon (1857-1920), philanthropist *

Arnold Sommerfeld Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld, (; 5 December 1868 – 26 April 1951) was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and mentored many students for the new era of theoretica ...

(1868-1951), physicist * Paul Stettiner (1862-1941), philologist * Hans Widera (1887-1972), jurist * Carl Witt (1815-1891), philologist

Notes

References

* * * * * {{Authority control 1333 establishments in Europe 1923 disestablishments in Germany Buildings and structures in Germany destroyed during World War II Defunct schools in Germany Education in Königsberg Educational institutions established in the 14th century Educational institutions disestablished in 1923 Former buildings and structures in Königsberg Gymnasiums in Germany