''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago ...

, northern

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

, and the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, as well as naturalized in Australia and on various islands. Foxtails can be

annual Annual may refer to: *Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year ** Yearbook ** Literary annual *Annual plant *Annual report *Annual giving *Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco *Annuals (band), ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wid ...

. They grow in tufts. They have flat leaves and blunt ligules (a small flap at the junction of leaf and stem). Their inflorescence is a dense panicle (a branching head without terminal

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...

) with 1-flowered

spikelets A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical arrangement of the flowers of grasses, sedges and some other Monocots. Each spikelet has one or more florets. The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that ...

. A few, particularly ''A. myosuroides'', are considered

weed A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, "a plant in the wrong place", or a plant growing where it is not wanted.Harlan, J. R., & deWet, J. M. (1965). Some thoughts about weeds. ''Economic botany'', ''19''(1), 16-24. ...

s, others are very decorative and are used in bouquets of dried flowers. ; Species * '' Alopecurus aequalis'' – Orange foxtail, shortawn foxtail – Eurasia, Americas * ''

Alopecurus albovii ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia an ...

'' – Caucasus * '' Alopecurus anatolicus'' – eastern Turkey * '' Alopecurus apiatus'' – Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran * '' Alopecurus arundinaceus'' – Reed foxtail, creeping foxtail, creeping meadow foxtail – Eurasia, North Africa * ''

Alopecurus aucheri ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Caucasus, Turkey, Iran * ''

Alopecurus baptarrhenius ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Ethiopia * ''

Alopecurus bonariensis ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Argentina, Uruguay * ''

Alopecurus borii ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Turkmenistan * ''

Alopecurus bornmuelleri ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Palestine * ''

Alopecurus brachystachus ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Russia, China, Mongolia * ''

Alopecurus bulbosus ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Bulbous foxtail – Mediterranean, western Europe * '' Alopecurus carolinianus'' – tufted meadow foxtail – US, western Canada * '' Alopecurus creticus'' – Greece, Turkey, Balkans * ''

Alopecurus dasyanthus ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' – Caucasus, Iran * ''

Alopecurus davisii ''Alopecurus'', or foxtail grass, is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family. It is common across temperate and subtropical parts of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Americas, as well as naturalized in Australia and on var ...

'' –

Samos Island Samos (, also ; el, Σάμος ) is a Greek island in the eastern Aegean Sea, south of Chios, north of Patmos and the Dodecanese, and off the coast of western Turkey, from which it is separated by the -wide Mycale Strait. It is also a separate ...

in Greece * '' Alopecurus geniculatus'' – Bent foxtail, marsh meadow foxtail – Algeria, Eurasia * '' Alopecurus gerardii'' – Mediterranean * '' Alopecurus glacialis'' – Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan * '' Alopecurus × haussknechtianus'' – central + northwestern Europe * '' Alopecurus heliochloides'' – Chile * '' Alopecurus himalaicus'' – Himalayas, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Central Asia,

Xinjiang Xinjiang, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest ...

* '' Alopecurus hitchcockii'' – Peru, Bolivia,

Jujuy San Salvador de Jujuy (), commonly known as Jujuy and locally often referred to as San Salvador, is the capital and largest city of Jujuy Province in northwest Argentina. Also, it is the seat of the Doctor Manuel Belgrano Department. It lies near ...

* '' Alopecurus japonicus'' – China, Japan, Korea * '' Alopecurus laguroides'' – Caucasus, Turkey * '' Alopecurus lanatus'' – Turkey * '' Alopecurus longiaristatus'' –

Heilongjiang Heilongjiang () formerly romanized as Heilungkiang, is a province in northeast China. The standard one-character abbreviation for the province is (). It was formerly romanized as "Heilungkiang". It is the northernmost and easternmost province ...

Primorye Primorsky Krai (russian: Приморский край, r=Primorsky kray, p=prʲɪˈmorskʲɪj kraj), informally known as Primorye (, ), is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia, located in the Far East region of the country and is a part of t ...

, Khabarovsk * '' Alopecurus magellanicus'' – northern Eurasia, North + South America, Falkland Is, South Georgia * '' Alopecurus × marssonii'' – Ukraine * '' Alopecurus mucronatus'' – Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan * '' Alopecurus myosuroides'' – Slender meadow foxtail, black grass, twitch grass, black twitch – Eurasia, North Africa * '' Alopecurus nepalensis'' – Himalayas, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan * '' Alopecurus × plettkei'' – France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands * '' Alopecurus ponticus'' – Caucasus * ''

Alopecurus pratensis ''Alopecurus pratensis'', known as the meadow foxtail or the field meadow foxtail, is a perennial grass belonging to the grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Europe and Asia. This common plant is found on grasslands, especially on neutral so ...

'' –

meadow foxtail ''Alopecurus pratensis'', known as the meadow foxtail or the field meadow foxtail, is a perennial grass belonging to the grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Europe and Asia. This common plant is found on grasslands, especially on neutral so ...

– Eurasia from Azores to Mongolia * '' Alopecurus rendlei'' – central + southern Europe, Algeria, Libya, Turkey * '' Alopecurus saccatus'' – Pacific foxtail – United States ( WA OR ID CA),

Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico. It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mex ...

* '' Alopecurus setarioides'' – France, Greece, Italy, Balkans, Turkey * '' Alopecurus textilis'' – Turkey, Caucasus, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan * '' Alopecurus turczaninovii'' – Siberia * '' Alopecurus × turicensis'' – France, Switzerland * '' Alopecurus utriculatus'' – Greece, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine * '' Alopecurus vaginatus'' – Crimea, Caucasus, Turkey, Middle East, Iran, Afghanistan * '' Alopecurus × winklerianus'' – France, Switzerland, Germany, Poland ; formerly included Numerous species once considered part of ''Alopecurus'' but now regarded as better suited to other genera: '' Agrostis Chaetopogon Cornucopiae Crypsis

Koeleria ''Koeleria'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family, found on all continents except Antarctica and on various oceanic islands. It includes species known generally as Junegrasses. The genus was named after German botanist ...

Milium

Muhlenbergia ''Muhlenbergia'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. The genus is named in honor of the German-American amateur botanist Gotthilf Heinrich Ernst Muhlenberg (1753-1815). Many of the species are known by the common name muhly. The greatest ...

Pennisetum Perotis

Phleum ''Phleum'' (timothy) is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family. The genus is native to Europe, Asia and north Africa, with one species (''P. alpinum'') also in North and South America. They are tufted grasses growing to 20� ...

Polypogon ''Polypogon'' is a nearly cosmopolitan genus of plants in the grass family, commonly known beard grass or rabbitsfoot grass. Description ''Polypogon'' species vary in appearance; some are erect, while others drape over the ground in waves. ...

Rostraria

Setaria ''Setaria'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The name is derived from the Latin word ''seta'', meaning "bristle" or "hair", which refers to the bristly spikelets. The genus includes over 100 species distributed in many t ...

Tribolium''

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment

USDA Plants Profile

Grass Manual Genus Treatment
{{Taxonbar, from=Q158104 Poaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus

See also

References

External links