Aladdin ( ; ar, علاء الدين, ', , ATU 561, ‘Aladdin') is a

Middle-Eastern The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European ...

folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with ''The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' (''The Arabian Nights''), despite not being part of the original text; it was added by the Frenchman

Antoine Galland Antoine Galland (; 4 April 1646 – 17 February 1715) was a French orientalist and archaeologist, most famous as the first European translator of '' One Thousand and One Nights'', which he called ''Les mille et une nuits''. His version of the t ...

, based on a folk tale that he heard from the Syrian

Maronite The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the larges ...

storyteller

Hanna Diyab Antun Yusuf Hanna Diyab ( ar, اَنْطون يوسُف حَنّا دِياب, Anṭūn Yūsuf Ḥannā Diyāb; born ''circa'' 1688) was a Syrian Maronite writer and storyteller. He is the origin of the famous tales of '' Aladdin'' and ''Ali Baba ...

.Razzaque (2017)

Sources

Known along with Ali Baba as one of the "orphan tales", the story was not part of the original ''Nights'' collection and has no authentic Arabic textual source, but was incorporated into the book ''

Les mille et une nuits ''Les mille et une nuits, contes arabes traduits en français'' ("The Thousand and One Nights, Arab stories translated into French"), published in 12 volumes between 1704 and 1717, was the first European version of ''The Thousand and One Nights' ...

'' by its

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

translator,

. John Payne quotes passages from Galland's unpublished diary: recording Galland's encounter with a

storyteller from

Aleppo )), is an adjective which means "white-colored mixed with black". , motto = , image_map = , mapsize = , map_caption = , image_map1 = ...

. According to Galland's diary, he met with Hanna, who had travelled from Aleppo to Paris with celebrated French traveller

Paul Lucas Paul Lucas may refer to: * Paul Lucas (footballer) (1936–1992), English football (soccer) player * Paul Lucas (genealogist) (1683–1759), French genealogist and Augustinian friar, known as Père Simplicien or Simplicien Lucas * Paul Lucas (pla ...

, on March 25, 1709. Galland's diary further reports that his transcription of "Aladdin" for publication occurred in the winter of 1709–10. It was included in his volumes ix and x of the ''Nights'', published in 1710, without any mention or published acknowledgment of Hanna's contribution. Payne also records the discovery in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris of two

Arabic manuscripts Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

containing ''Aladdin'' (with two more of the "interpolated" tales). One was written by a Syrian Christian priest living in Paris, named

Dionysios Shawish Dom Denis Chavis (as he was known in French) or Dīyūnisūs Shāwīsh (as he called himself in his native language, ar, ديونيسوس شاويش) was a Syrian priest and monk who flourished in the 1780s. He was a key contributor to the version ...

, alias Dom Denis Chavis. The other is supposed to be a copy Mikhail Sabbagh made of a manuscript written in Baghdad in 1703. It was purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale at the end of the nineteenth century.Payne (1901) pp. 13-15 As part of his work on the first critical edition of the ''Nights'', Iraq's Muhsin Mahdi has shown that both these manuscripts are "back-translations" of Galland's text into Arabic.Mahdi (1994) pp. 51-71 Ruth B. Bottigheimer and Paulo Lemos Horta have argued that Hanna Diyab should be understood as the original author of some of the stories he supplied, and even that several of Diyab's stories (including ''Aladdin'') were partly inspired by Diyab's own life, as there are parallels with his autobiography.

Plot summary

The story is often retold with variations. The following is a précis of the Burton translation of 1885.Burton (2009) pp. 1 ff Aladdin is an impoverished young ne'er-do-well, dwelling in "one of the cities of China". He is recruited by a sorcerer from the Maghreb, who passes himself off as the brother of Aladdin's late father, ''Mustapha the tailor'', convincing Aladdin and his mother of his good will by pretending to set up the lad as a wealthy merchant. The sorcerer's real motive is to persuade young Aladdin to retrieve a wonderful oil lamp (chirag) from a booby-trapped magic cave. After the sorcerer attempts to double-cross him, Aladdin finds himself trapped in the cave. Aladdin is still wearing a

magic ring A magic ring is a mythical, folkloric or fictional piece of jewelry, usually a Ring (jewellery), finger ring, that is purported to have Magic (supernatural), supernatural properties or powers. It appears frequently in fantasy and fairy tales. M ...

the sorcerer has lent him. When he rubs his hands in despair, he inadvertently rubs the ring and a genie appears and releases him from the cave, allowing him to return to his mother while in possession of the lamp. When his mother tries to clean the lamp, so they can sell it to buy food for their supper, a second far more powerful genie appears who is bound to do the bidding of the person holding the lamp. With the aid of the genie of the lamp, Aladdin becomes rich and powerful and marries Princess Badroulbadour, the

sultan Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...

's daughter (after magically foiling her marriage to the vizier's son). The genie builds Aladdin and his bride a wonderful palace, far more magnificent than the sultan's. The sorcerer hears of Aladdin's good fortune, and returns; he gets his hands on the lamp by tricking Aladdin's wife (who is unaware of the lamp's importance) by offering to exchange "new lamps for old". He orders the genie of the lamp to take the palace, along with all its contents, to his home in the Maghreb. Aladdin still has the magic ring and is able to summon the lesser genie. The genie of the ring cannot directly undo any of the magic of the genie of the lamp, but he is able to transport Aladdin to the Maghreb where, with the help of the "woman's wiles" of the princess, he recovers the lamp and slays the sorcerer, returning the palace to its proper place. The sorcerer's more powerful and evil brother plots to destroy Aladdin for killing his brother by disguising himself as an old woman known for her healing powers. Badroulbadour falls for his disguise and commands the "woman" to stay in her palace in case of any illnesses. Aladdin is warned of this danger by the genie of the lamp and slays the impostor. Aladdin eventually succeeds to his father-in-law's throne.

Setting

The opening sentences of the story, in both the Galland and the Burton versions, set it in "one of the cities of China".Plotz (2001) p. 148–149 On the other hand, there is practically nothing in the rest of the story that is inconsistent with a Middle Eastern setting. For instance, the ruler is referred to as "

Sultan Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...

" rather than " Emperor", as in some retellings, and the people in the story are Muslims and their conversation is filled with Muslim platitudes. A Jewish merchant buys Aladdin's wares, but there is no mention of

Buddhists Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

, Daoists or Confucians. Notably, ethnic groups in Chinese history have long included Muslim groups, including large populations of

Uighurs The Uyghurs; ; ; ; zh, s=, t=, p=Wéiwú'ěr, IPA: ( ), alternatively spelled Uighurs, Uygurs or Uigurs, are a Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central and East Asia. The Uyghu ...

, and the

Hui people The Hui people ( zh, c=, p=Huízú, w=Hui2-tsu2, Xiao'erjing: , dng, Хуэйзў, ) are an East Asian ethnoreligious group predominantly composed of Chinese-speaking adherents of Islam. They are distributed throughout China, mainly in the ...

as well as the Tajiks whose origins go back to

Silk Road The Silk Road () was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. Spanning over 6,400 kilometers (4,000 miles), it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and reli ...

travelers. Islamic communities have been known to exist in the region since the Tang dynasty (which rose to power simultaneously with the prophet Muhammad's career.) Some have suggested that the intended setting may be Turkestan (encompassing Central Asia and the modern-day Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang in Western China).Moon (2005) p. 23 For all this, speculation about a "real" Chinese setting depends on a knowledge of China that the teller of a folk tale (as opposed to a geographic expert) might well not possess.Honour (1973) - Section I "The Imaginary Continent" In early Arabic usage, China is known to have been used in an abstract sense to designate an exotic, faraway land.

Motifs and variants

Tale type

The story of Aladdin is classified in the Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index as tale type ATU 561, "Aladdin", after the character. In the Index, the Aladdin story is situated next to two similar tale types: ATU 560, ''The Magic Ring'', and ATU 562, ''The Spirit in the Blue Light''. All stories deal with a down-on-his-luck and impoverished boy or soldier, who finds a magical item (ring, lamp, tinderbox) that grants his wishes. In this tale type, the magical item is stolen, but eventually recovered thanks to the use of another magical object.

Distribution

Since its appearance in ''The One Thousand and One Nights'', the tale has integrated into oral tradition. Scholars Ton Deker and Theo Meder located variants across Europe and the Middle East. An Indian variant has been attested, titled ''The Magic Lamp'' and collected among the Santal people.

Adaptations

Adaptations vary in their faithfulness to the original story. In particular, difficulties with the Chinese setting are sometimes resolved by giving the story a more typical ''Arabian Nights'' background.

Books

* One of the many literary retellings of the tale appears in ''A Book of Wizards'' (1966) and '' A Choice of Magic'' (1971), by Ruth Manning-Sanders. Another is the early Penguin version for children, ''Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp'', illustrated by John Harwood with many Chinese details: the translator or re-teller is not acknowledged: this was a "Porpoise" imprint printed in 1947 and released in 1948. * ''Aladdin: Master of the Lamp'' (1992), edited by Mike Resnick and Martin H. Greenberg, is an anthology containing 43 original short stories inspired by the tale. * "The Nobility of Faith" by Jonathan Clements in the anthology ''

Doctor Who ''Doctor Who'' is a British science fiction television series broadcast by the BBC since 1963. The series depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called the Doctor, an extraterrestrial being who appears to be human. The Doctor explores the u ...

Short Trips: The Ghosts of Christmas'' (2007) is a retelling of the Aladdin story in the style of the Arabian Nights, but featuring the Doctor in the role of the genie.

Comics

Western comics

* In 1962 the Italian branch of Walt Disney Productions published the story ''Paperino e la grotta di Aladino'' (''Donald and Aladdin's Cave''), written by Osvaldo Pavese and drawn by

Pier Lorenzo De Vita Pier Lorenzo De Vita (21 November 1909 – 7 April 1990) was an Italian comic book artist. Life and career Born in Castiglione Olona, De Vita made his professional debut in 1934 in the magazine ''Jumbo (magazine), Jumbo''. In 1936 he started colla ...

. As in many pantomimes, the plot is combined with elements of the Ali Baba story:

Uncle Scrooge ''Uncle Scrooge'' (stylized as ''Uncle $crooge'') is a Disney comic book series starring Scrooge McDuck ("the richest duck in the world"), his nephew Donald Duck, and grandnephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and revolving around their adventures in Du ...

leads

Donald Duck Donald Fauntleroy Duck is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company. Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet. He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie. Donald is known fo ...

and their

nephews In the lineal kinship system used in the English-speaking world, a niece or nephew is a child of the subject's sibling or sibling-in-law. The converse relationship, the relationship from the niece or nephew's perspective, is that of an ...

on an expedition to find the treasure of Aladdin and they encounter the Middle Eastern counterparts of the

Beagle Boys The Beagle Boys are a group of cartoon characters created in 1951 by Carl Barks for the Donald Duck universe. They are a family clan of Organized crime, organized criminals who constantly try to rob Scrooge McDuck. Their introduction and first a ...

. Scrooge describes Aladdin as a brigand who used the legend of the lamp to cover the origins of his ill-gotten gains. They find the cave holding the treasure—blocked by a huge rock requiring a magic password ("open sesame") to open. * The original version of the comic book character Green Lantern was partly inspired by the Aladdin myth; the protagonist discovers a "lantern-shaped power source and a 'power ring which gives him power to create and control matter. ** In the ''

Elseworlds ''Elseworlds'' was the publication imprint (trade name), imprint for American comic books produced by DC Comics for stories that took place outside the DC Universe Canon (fictional), canon. Elseworlds publications are set in alternate realitie ...

'' series, there was even a story that combined the Green Lantern mythos with that of Aladdin called '' Green Lantern: 1001 Emerald Nights''.

Manga

* The Japanese

manga Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is u ...

series '' Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic'' is not a direct adaptation, but features Aladdin as the main character of the story and includes many characters from other ''One Thousand and One Nights'' stories. An adaptation of this comic to an anime television series was made in October 2012 in which Aladdin is voiced by Kaori Ishihara in Japanese and

Erica Mendez Erica Mendez is an American voice actress who has voiced in English dubs for Funimation, Bang Zoom! and Studiopolis. She studied graphic design in college for three years prior to becoming a voice actress. Career Mendez's first major voice r ...

in English.

Pantomimes

* In the United Kingdom, the story of Aladdin was dramatised in 1788 by John O'Keefe for the

Theatre Royal, Covent Garden The Royal Opera House (ROH) is an opera house and major performing arts venue in Covent Garden, central London. The large building is often referred to as simply Covent Garden, after a previous use of the site. It is the home of The Royal Ope ...

.Witchard (2017) It has been a popular subject for pantomime for over 200 years. * The traditional Aladdin pantomime is the source of the well-known pantomime character Widow Twankey (Aladdin's mother). In pantomime versions, changes in the setting and story are often made to fit it better into "China" (albeit a China situated in the

East End of London The East End of London, often referred to within the London area simply as the East End, is the historic core of wider East London, east of the Roman and medieval walls of the City of London and north of the River Thames. It does not have uni ...

rather than medieval Baghdad), and elements of other Arabian Nights tales (in particular Ali Baba) are often introduced into the plot. One version of the "pantomime Aladdin" is Sandy Wilson's

musical Musical is the adjective of music. Musical may also refer to: * Musical theatre, a performance art that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance * Musical film and television, a genre of film and television that incorporates into the narr ...

Aladdin Aladdin ( ; ar, علاء الدين, ', , ATU 561, ‘Aladdin') is a Middle-Eastern folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with ''The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' (''The Arabian Nights''), despite not being part of ...

'', from 1979. * Since the early 1990s, Aladdin pantomimes have tended to be influenced by the Disney animation. For instance, the 2007/8 production at the Birmingham Hippodrome starring John Barrowman featured songs from the Disney movies ''Aladdin'' and ''

Mulan Hua Mulan () is a legendary folk heroine from the Northern and Southern dynasties era (4th to 6th century CE) of Chinese history. According to legend, Mulan took her aged father's place in the conscription for the army by disguising herself as ...

''.

Other musical theatre

* '' The New Aladdin'' was a successful Edwardian musical comedy in 1906. *

Adam Oehlenschläger Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger (14 November 177920 January 1850) was a Danish poet and playwright. He introduced romanticism into Danish literature. He wrote the lyrics to the song ''Der er et yndigt land'', which is one of the national anthems ...

wrote his verse drama ''Aladdin'' in 1805. Carl Nielsen wrote

incidental music Incidental music is music in a play, television program, radio program, video game, or some other presentation form that is not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film music, with such music being referred to instead as t ...

for this play in 1918–19.

Ferruccio Busoni Ferruccio Busoni (1 April 1866 – 27 July 1924) was an Italian composer, pianist, conductor, editor, writer, and teacher. His international career and reputation led him to work closely with many of the leading musicians, artists and literary ...

set some verses from the last scene of Oehlenschläger's ''Aladdin'' in the last movement of his Piano Concerto, Op. 39. * In 1958, a musical comedy version of Aladdin was written especially for US television with a book by S. J. Perelman and music and lyrics by

Cole Porter Cole Albert Porter (June 9, 1891 – October 15, 1964) was an American composer and songwriter. Many of his songs became standards noted for their witty, urbane lyrics, and many of his scores found success on Broadway and in film. Born to ...

. A London stage production followed in 1959 in which a 30-year-old Bob Monkhouse played the part of Aladdin at the Coliseum Theatre. * ''Aladdin''; Prince Street Players version; book by Jim Eiler; Music by Jim Eiler and Jeanne Bargy; Lyrics by Jim Eiler. * Broadway Junior has released '' Aladdin Jr.'', a children's musical based on the music and screenplay of the Disney animation. * The Disney's Aladdin: A Musical Spectacular musical stage show ran in

Disney California Adventure Disney California Adventure Park, commonly referred to as California Adventure or by its acronym DCA, is a theme park located at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California. It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Park ...

from January 2003 to January 10, 2016. * StarKid Productions released the musical "

Twisted Twisted may refer to: Film and television * ''Twisted'' (1986 film), a horror film by Adam Holender starring Christian Slater * ''Twisted'' (1996 film), a modern retelling of ''Oliver Twist'' * ''Twisted'', a 2011 Singapore Chinese film directed ...

" on YouTube in 2013, a parody of the 1992 Disney film that is told from the royal vizier's point of view. * A Disney Theatrical Production of ''

'' opened in 2011 in Seattle, in Toronto in 2013, and on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theatre on March 20, 2014.

Theatrical films

Animation: Europe and Asia

* The 1926 animated film '' The Adventures of Prince Achmed'' (the earliest surviving animated feature film) combined the story of Aladdin with that of the prince. In this version the princess Aladdin pursues is Achmed's sister and the sorcerer is his rival for her hand. The sorcerer steals the castle and the princess through his own magic and then sets a monster to attack Aladdin, from which Achmed rescues him. Achmed then informs Aladdin he requires the lamp to rescue his own intended wife, Princess Pari Banou, from the demons of the Island of Wak Wak. They convince the Witch of the Fiery Mountain to defeat the sorcerer, and then all three heroes join forces to battle the demons. * The animated feature '' Aladdin et la lampe merveilleuse'' by Film Jean Image was released in 1970 in France. The story contains many of the original elements of the story as compared to the Disney version. *'' A Thousand and One Nights'' is a 1969

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

ese

adult An adult is a human or other animal that has reached full growth. In human context, the term ''adult'' has meanings associated with social and legal concepts. In contrast to a " minor", a legal adult is a person who has attained the age of major ...

anime feature film directed by Eiichi Yamamoto, conceived by

Osamu Tezuka Osamu Tezuka (, born , ''Tezuka Osamu''; – 9 February 1989) was a Japanese manga artist, cartoonist, and animator. Born in Osaka Prefecture, his prolific output, pioneering techniques, and innovative redefinitions of genres earned him such ...

. The film is a first part of

Mushi Production or Mushi Pro for short, is a Japanese animation studio headquartered in Fujimidai, Nerima, Tokyo, Japan. It previously had a headquarters elsewhere in Nerima. The studio was headed by manga artist Osamu Tezuka. Tezuka started it as a rivalry wit ...

's '' Animerama'', a series of films aimed at an adult audience. *An elderly version of Aladdin appears as a protagonist in the 1975 anime series '' Arabian Nights: Sinbad's Adventures''. * ''

Aladdin and the Magic Lamp Aladdin ( ; ar, علاء الدين, ', , ATU 561, ‘Aladdin') is a Middle-Eastern folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with ''The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' (''The Arabian Nights''), despite not being part of ...

'' was a rendition in Japanese directed by Yoshikatsu Kasai, produced in Japan by Toei Animation and released in the United States by The Samuel Goldwyn Company in 1982. * '' Son of Aladdin'' is a 2003 Indian 3D-animated fantasy-adventure film by Singeetam Srinivasa Rao, produced by

Pentamedia Graphics Pentamedia Graphics, formerly known as Pentafour Software, is a software and digital media company based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The main activities are projects, products, consultancy and training in software and digital media. The compan ...

. It follows the adventures of the son of Aladdin and his fight with an evil sorcerer.

Animation: USA

* In the 1934 short film, '' Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'', Aladdin is a child laborer who finds a magic lamp and uses it to become a princ
IMDb
* In the 1938 animated film '' Have You Got Any Castles?'', Aladdin makes a brief appearance asking for help but gets punched by one of the Three Musketeers. * ''

Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp ''Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp'' is a two-reel animated cartoon short subject in the '' Popeye Color Specials'' series, produced in Technicolor and released to theaters on April 7, 1939, by Paramount Pictures. It was produced by Max Fleischer, a ...

'' is a 1939 ''

Popeye the Sailor Popeye the Sailor Man is a fictional cartoon character created by Elzie Crisler Segar.cartoon A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images ...

. * The 1959 animated film ''

1001 Arabian Nights ''One Thousand and One Nights'' ( ar, أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَةٌ, italic=yes, ) is a collection of Middle Eastern folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known in English as the ''Arabian ...

'' starring

Mr. Magoo Mr. Magoo (known by his full name: J. Quincy Magoo) is a fictional cartoon character created at the UPA animation studio in 1949. Voiced by Jim Backus, Mr. Magoo is an elderly, wealthy, short-statured retiree who gets into a series of comical ...

as Aladdin's uncle and produced by UPA. *''

'' is a 48-minute

animated film Animation is a method by which image, still figures are manipulated to appear as Motion picture, moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent cel, celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited ...

based on the classic ''

Arabian Nights ''One Thousand and One Nights'' ( ar, أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَةٌ, italic=yes, ) is a collection of Middle Eastern folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known in English as the ''Arabian ...

'' story "

Aladdin and the magic lamp Aladdin ( ; ar, علاء الدين, ', , ATU 561, ‘Aladdin') is a Middle-Eastern folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with ''The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' (''The Arabian Nights''), despite not being part of ...

", translated by

. ''Aladdin'' was produced by Golden Films and the American Film Investment Corporation. Like all other Golden Films productions, the film featured a single theme song, "Rub the Lamp", written and composed by Richard Hurwitz and John Arrias. It was released directly to video on April 27, 1992 by

GoodTimes Home Video GoodTimes Entertainment, Ltd. was an American home video company that originated in 1984 under the name of GoodTimes Home Video. Though it produced its own titles, the company was well known due to its distribution of media from third parties and ...

(months before Disney's version was released) and was reissued on DVD in 2002 as part of the distributor's Collectible Classics line of products. * ''

'', the 1992 animated feature by Walt Disney Feature Animation (currently the best-known retelling of the story). In this version several characters are renamed or amalgamated. For instance the Sorcerer and the Sultan's vizier were combined into one character named Jafar while the Princess is renamed

Jasmine Jasmine ( taxonomic name: ''Jasminum''; , ) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family (Oleaceae). It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania. Jasmines are widely cultiva ...

. They have new motivations for their actions. The Genie of the Lamp only grants three wishes and desires freedom from his role. A sentient magic carpet replaces the ring's genie while Jafar uses a royal magic ring to find Aladdin. The names "Jafar" and "Abu", the Sultan's delight in toys, and their physical appearances are borrowed from the 1940 film '' The Thief of Bagdad''. The setting is moved from China to the fictional Arabian city of Agrabah, and the structure of the plot is simplified. ** '' The Return of Jafar'' (1994), direct-to-video sequel to the 1992 Walt Disney movie. ** ''

Aladdin and the King of Thieves ''Aladdin and the King of Thieves'' is a 1996 American direct-to-video animated musical fantasy adventure film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. It is the second sequel to the 1992 film ''Aladdin'', and serves as the final chapter and ...

'' (1996), direct-to-video second and final sequel to the 1992 Walt Disney movie.

Live-action: English language films

* '' Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'' (1917), directed by

Chester M. Franklin Chester Mortimer Franklin (September 1, 1889 – March 12, 1954) was an American film director and actor active mainly in the silent era. Born in San Francisco, he was the brother of Sidney A. Franklin. In the late 1910s, he co-directed wit ...

and

Sidney A. Franklin Sidney Arnold Franklin (March 21, 1893 – May 18, 1972) was an American film director and producer. Franklin, like William C. deMille, specialized in adapting literary works or Broadway stage plays. His brother Chester Franklin (1889–1954) a ...

and released by the Fox Film Corporation, told the story using child actors. It is the earliest known filmed adaptation of the story. * The 1940 British movie '' The Thief of Bagdad'' borrows elements of the Aladdin story, although it also departs from the original story fairly freely: for instance the genie grants only three wishes and the minor character of the Emperor's vizier is renamed Jaffar and becomes the main villain, replacing the sorcerer from the original plot. *''

'' is a 1942

adventure film An adventure film is a form of adventure fiction, and is a genre of film. Subgenres of adventure films include swashbuckler films, pirate films, and survival films. Adventure films may also be combined with other film genres such as action, an ...

directed by John Rawlins and starring Sabu, Maria Montez, Jon Hall and

Leif Erickson Leif Erikson, Leiv Eiriksson, or Leif Ericson, ; Modern Icelandic: ; Norwegian language, Norwegian: ''Leiv Eiriksson'' also known as Leif the Lucky (), was a Norsemen, Norse explorer who is thought to have been the first European to have s ...

. The film is derived from '' The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' but owes more to the imagination of Universal Pictures than the original Arabian stories. Unlike other films in the genre ('' The Thief of Bagdad''), it features no monsters or supernatural elements. * '' A Thousand and One Nights'' (1945) is a tongue-in-cheek Technicolor fantasy film set in the Baghdad of the One Thousand and One Nights, starring Cornel Wilde as Aladdin, Evelyn Keyes as the genie of the magic lamp, Phil Silvers as Aladdin's larcenous sidekick, and Adele Jergens as the princess Aladdin loves. * ''

The Wonders of Aladdin ''The Wonders of Aladdin'' (Italian: ''Le meraviglie di Aladino'') is a 1961 Italian-French-American comedy fantasy film directed by Henry Levin (with second unit direction by Mario Bava—uncredited in U.S. prints but credited as sole director i ...

'' is a 1961 film directed by Mario Bava and Henry Levin and starring Donald O'Connor as Aladdin. This film has a more working-class focus: Aladdin helps the prince ( Mario Girotti) and princess (as does a

fakir Fakir ( ar, فقیر, translit=faḳīr or ''faqīr'') is an Islamic term traditionally used for Sufi Muslim ascetics who renounce their worldly possessions and dedicate their lives to the worship of God. They do not necessarily renounce al ...

) but never becomes one and ends up in a romantic relationship with his neighbor, Djalma (

Noelle Adam Noelle or Noëlle is the feminine form of the gender neutral name Noel. It derives from the old French Noël, "Christmas," a variant (and later a replacement) of nael, which itself derives from the Latin natalis, "birthday". Other nicknames a ...

). The genie ( Vittorio De Sica) can grant only three wishes (although what constitutes as a single wish is quite malleable, probably due to his sympathies with Aladdin) and shrinks with each one, which is leading to his eternal rest after 12,000 years. * A 1998 direct-to-video movie ''A Kid in Aladdin's Palace'' directed by Robert L. Levy which is a sequel to ''

A Kid in King Arthur's Court ''A Kid in King Arthur's Court'' is a 1995 fantasy film directed by Michael Gottlieb (in his final directorial film before his death in 2014) and released by Walt Disney Pictures in association with Trimark Pictures and Tapestry Films. It is loo ...

''. *''Adventures of Aladdin'' (2019), a mockbuster produced by

The Asylum The Asylum is an American independent film company and distributor that focuses on producing low-budget, direct-to-video films. It is notorious for producing titles that capitalize on productions by major studios, often using film titles and sc ...

. * ''

'', a Disney live-action remake of the 1992 animated film, released in 2019. It stars

Mena Massoud Mena Mansour Massoud ( ar, مينا منصور مسعود; born September 17, 1991) is an Egyptian-born Canadian actor known for starring as the title character in the Disney fantasy film ''Aladdin'' (2019). He also starred as Jared Malik in the C ...

as the title character,

Naomi Scott Naomi Scott (born 6 May 1993) is an English actress and singer. Born in Hounslow, she rose to prominence for her performances in the television film '' Lemonade Mouth'' (2011) and the science fiction series '' Terra Nova'' (2011). In 2015, Scree ...

as Jasmine, Marwan Kenzari as Jafar, and Will Smith as the Genie.

Live-action: Non-English language films

* ''Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'' is a 1927

Indian silent film The Cinema of India consists of motion pictures produced in India, which had a large effect on world cinema since the late 20th century. Major centers of film production across the country include Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Ko ...

, by Bhagwati Prasad Mishra, based on the folktale. * ''Alladin and the Wonderful Lamp'' is a 1931 Indian silent film, adapted from the folktale, by Jal Ariah. * ''Aladdin Aur Jadui Chirag'' (''Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'') is a 1933 Indian Hindi-language fantasy-adventure film by Jal Ariah. A remake of the 1931 film in sound. * ''Aaj Ka Aladdin'' (''Today's Aladdin'') is a 1935 Indian Hindi-language film by Nagendra Majumdar. It is a modern retelling of the folktale. * ''Aladdin Aur Jadui Chirag'' (''Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'') is a 1937 Indian Hindi-language film adaptation by Navinchandra. * '' Aladdin Aur Jadui Chirag'' (''Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp'') is a 1952 Indian Hindi-language musical fantasy-adventure film by Homi Wadia, starring

Mahipal Mahipal (1919 -2005) was an Indian actor who worked in bollywood mostly in stunt films like ''Parasmani, Zabak, Cobra Girl, Jantar Mantar, Arabian nights themed movies such as Alibaba and 40 Thieves, Aladdin Aur Jadui Chirag, Roop Lekha, Sune ...

as Aladdin and Meena Kumari as Princess Badar. * ''

Alif-Laila ''Alif Laila'' is a 1953 Bollywood film produced and directed by K. Amarnath. Cast *Nimmi *Asha Mathur *Vijay Kumar * Pran *Murad *Amrit Rana *Maya Devi * Gope as Rasheed Music All lyrics were penned by Sahir Ludhianvi and music was composed by ...

'' is a 1955 Indian Hindi-language fantasy film by

K. Amarnath K. Amarnath (1 Dec 1914 – 14 May 1983) was one of the earliest film makers of Indian Cinema. His career as a movie producer and director spanned over four decades in the film industry. Early life Amarnath Gelaram Khetarpal was born in Mianw ...

, Vijay Kumar portrays the character of Aladdin with actress Nimmi as the female genie. * ''Chirag-e-Cheen'' (''Lamp of China'') is a 1955 Indian Hindi-language film adaptation by G.P. Pawar and C. M. Trivedi. * ''

Alladin Ka Beta ''Alladin Ka Beta'' is a 1955 Bollywood film starring Chitra and Kammo. Soundtrack #"Aa Gaya Hai Waqt Maut Ka" - Mohammed Rafi #"Bada Rangin Fasaana Hai" - Asha Bhosle, Geeta Dutt Geeta Dutt (born Geeta Ghosh Roy Chowdhuri; 23 November ...

'' (''Son of Alladin'') is a 1955 Indian Hindi-language action film, it follows the story of the son of Alladin. * '' Alladin and the Wonderful Lamp'' is a 1957 Indian fantasy film by

T. R. Raghunath Thimatchipuram Rajagopal Raghunath (16 July 1912 – 2 January 1990) was an Indian film director. He was the younger brother of film director Raja Chandrasekhar. Career Raghunath started his film career as an assistant director in ''Gnanasoun ...

. Based on the story of Aladdin, it was simultaneously filmed in

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...

Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia ** Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, nati ...

and Hindi with Akkineni Nageshwara Rao portraying the titular character. * ''Alladdin Laila'' is a 1957 Indian Hindi-language film by Lekhraj Bhakri, starring

Lalita Pawar Lalita Pawar (18 April 1916 – 24 February 1998) was a prolific Indian actress, who later became famous as a character actress, appearing in over 700 films in Hindi, Marathi and Gujarati cinema. She holds a Guinness world record of longest ac ...

and Shakila. * ''

Sindbad Alibaba and Aladdin ''Sindbad Alibaba and Aladdin'' is a 1965 action Hindi film starring Pradeep Kumar, Helen etc. Cast * Pradeep Kumar as Sindbad * Agha as Aladdin * Bhagwan as Aladdin * S Bannerji * Ram Awtar * Ulhas * Helen Helen may refer to: People ...

'' is a 1965 Indian Hindi-language musical fantasy-adventure film by Prem Narayan Arora. It features the three most popular characters from the Arabian Nights. Very loosely based on the original, in which the heroes get to meet and share in each other's adventures. In this version, the lamp's ''jinni'' (genie) is female and Aladdin marries her rather than the princess (she becomes a mortal woman for his sake). * ''Main Hoon Aladdin'' (''I am Aladdin'') is a 1965 Indian Hindi-language film by Mohammed Hussain, starring Ajit in the titular role. * A Soviet film '' Volshebnaia Lampa Aladdina'' ("Aladdin's Magic Lamp") was released in 1966. * A Mexican production, '' Pepito y la Lampara Maravillosa'' was made en 1972, where comedian ''

Chabelo Xavier López Rodríguez (born February 17, 1935), better known as "Chabelo", is a Mexican American actor, comedian, television presenter and children's music singer who has been working on television for over sixty years. "Chabelo" has particip ...

'' plays the role of the genie who grant wishes to a young kid called Pepito in 1970s Mexico City. * '' Adventures of Aladdin'' is a 1978 Indian Hindi-language adventure-film based on the tale, by Homi Wadia. * ''

Allauddinum Albhutha Vilakkum ''Allauddinum Albhutha Vilakkum'' () is a 1979 Indian fantasy film directed by I. V. Sasi based on Aladdin's story from ''One Thousand and One Nights''. The film stars Kamal Haasan, Rajinikanth, Jayabharathi, Sripriya, Gemini Ganesan, Savitri ...

'' (''Aladdin and the Magic Lamp'') is a 1979 Indian adventure fantasy-drama film by

I. V. Sasi Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran (28 March 1947 – 24 October 2017), better known as I. V. Sasi, was an Indian film director who made over 110 films predominantly in Malayalam, in addition to Tamil and Hindi languages. In 2015, he was awarded the J. ...

. It was simultaneously filmed in Malayalam and Tamil with

Kamal Haasan Kamal Haasan (born 7 November 1954) is an Indian actor, filmmaker, screenwriter, playback singer, television presenter and politician who works mainly in Tamil cinema and has also appeared in some Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi, Kannada and Bengali l ...

in the titular role. * In 1986, an Italian production (under supervision of Golan-Globus) of a modern-day Aladdin was filmed in Miami under the title ''

Superfantagenio ''Superfantagenio'' (also known as ''Aladdin'') is a 1986 Italian/American family comedy film starring Bud Spencer as the Genie and Luca Venantini as Aladdin, and with Spencer's daughter Diamy participating in a secondary role as Aladdin's love in ...

'', starring actor Bud Spencer as the genie and his daughter Diamante as the daughter of a police sergeant. * ''Aladin (film), Aladin'' is a 2009 Indian Hindi-language Fantasy film, fantasy action film directed by Sujoy Ghosh. The film stars Ritesh Deshmukh in the titular role, along with Amitabh Bachchan, Jacqueline Fernandez and Sanjay Dutt. * ''The New Adventures of Aladdin'', France modern retelling of the tale of Aladdin. ** ''Alad’2'', second sequel to the French movie ''The New Adventures of Aladdin'' (2018). * ''Ashchorjyo Prodeep'' is a 2013 Indian Bengali language, Bengali-language film by Anik Dutta. This film is based on a Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay novel of the same name and deals with the issues of consumerism. It is a modern adaptation of Aladdin about the story of a middle-class man (played by Saswata Chatterjee) who accidentally finds a magic lamp containing a Jinn (played by Rajatava Dutta). * ''Aladin Saha Puduma Pahana'' was released in 2018 in Sri Lanka in Sinhala language.

Television

Animation: English language

* Aladdin (1958 film), Aladdin is a 1958 musical fantasy written especially for television with a book by S.J. Perelman and music and lyrics by

, telecast in color on the ''DuPont Show of the Month'' by CBS. * "Aladdin and the Magic Lamp", an episode of Rabbit Ears Productions' ''We All Have Tales'' series, televised on PBS in 1991, featuring John Hurt as narrator, with illustrations by Greg Couch and music by Mickey Hart. This version is set in Isfahan, Persia, and closely follows the original plot, including the origin of the sorcerer. The audiobook version was nominated for a Grammy Award for Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children, Best Spoken Word Album for Children in 1994. * ''Aladdin (animated TV series), Aladdin'', an animated series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation, Disney based on their movie adaptation that ran from 1994 to 1995. *Aladdin featured in an episode of ''Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child''. The story was set in "Ancient China", but otherwise had a tenuous connection with the original plot. * ''Magi (animated TV series), Magi'', Alladin, a young magi, befriends a Jin and goes adventuring with Alibaba. (2013) Japanese, English dub available

Live-action: English language

* Aladdin appeared in episode 297 of ''Sesame Street'' performed by Frank Oz. This version was made from a large lavender live-hand List of Muppets, Anything Muppet. * A segment of the Marty Feldman episode of ''The Muppet Show'' retells the story of Aladdin with Gonzo (Muppet), The Great Gonzo in the role of Aladdin and Marty Feldman playing the genie of the lamp. * A 1967 TV movie was based on the Prince Street Players stage musical. This version is very close to the touring musical with about 15 minutes cut to be adapted into the 50 minutes tv program. It had Will B. Able as the Genii and Fred Grades as Aladdin. * In 1986, the program ''Faerie Tale Theatre'' based an episode on the story called "List of Faerie Tale Theatre episodes, Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp", directed by Tim Burton and starring Robert Carradine as Aladdin and James Earl Jones as both the ring Genie and the lamp Genie. * In 1990 Disney made a direct to TV movie based on the Prince Street Players stage musical, starring Barry Bostwick. * Aladdin features as one of five stories in the Sonar Entertainment, Hallmark Entertainment TV miniseries ''Arabian Nights (miniseries), Arabian Nights'' in 2000, featuring Jason Scott Lee as Aladdin and John Leguizamo as both of the genies. * The characters of Aladdin, Jasmine, Jafar and the Sultan, along with Agrabah as the setting and the genie of the lamp were adapted into the Once Upon a Time (season 6), sixth season of TV series ''Once Upon a Time (TV series), Once Upon a Time'', with Aladdin portrayed by Deniz Akdeniz, Jasmine portrayed by Karen David, and Jafar portrayed by Oded Fehr. Jafar previously appeared in the Spin-off (media), spin-off ''Once Upon a Time in Wonderland'', portrayed by Naveen Andrews. Both were produced by ABC Television Studios and based on the Disney version of the story. * Syfy released a made-for-TV horror adaptation called ''Aladdin and the Death Lamp'' on September 15, 2012.

Live-action: Non-English language

* In ''Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger'', the sixteenth installment of the long-running Super Sentai metaseries, the Djinn (voiced by Eisuke Yoda) that appears in the eleventh episode ("My Master!" Transcription: "Goshujin-sama!" (Japanese language, Japanese: ご主人さま!)) reveals that he was the genie from the tale of "Aladdin and the Magic Lamp", which did take place. * The story of Aladdin was featured in ''Alif Laila'', an Indian TV series directed by Ramanand Sagar in 1994 and telecasted on DD National. * ''Aladdin (Indian TV series), Aladdin – Jaanbaaz Ek Jalwe Anek'' (2007–2009), an Indian fantasy television series based on the story of Aladdin that aired on Zee TV, starring Mandar Jadhav in the titular role of Aladdin. * ''Aladdin - Naam Toh Suna Hoga'' (2018–2021), a live-action Indian fantasy television show on SAB TV starring Siddharth Nigam as Aladdin and Avneet Kaur/Ashi Singh as Badroulbadour, Yasmine.

Video games

* A number of video games were based on the Disney movie: ** The Disney's Aladdin (Virgin Games video game), Genesis version (also on Amiga, MS-DOS, NES, Game Boy, and Game Boy Color) by Virgin Games. ** The Disney's Aladdin (Capcom video game), SNES version (also on Game Boy Advance) by Capcom. ** The Disney's Aladdin (1994 video game), Master System version (also on Game Gear) by SIMS Co., Ltd., SIMS. ** Th
Aladdin and the Sorcerer Slot
(also on Pragmatic Play) b
Aladdin99
** Disney's Aladdin in Nasira's Revenge, Nasira's Revenge for the PlayStation and Windows by Argonaut Games. ** The Disney version of Aladdin appears throughout the Disney/Square Enix crossover series ''Kingdom Hearts'', with Agrabah being a visitable world. * The video game ''Sonic and the Secret Rings'' is heavily based on the story of Aladdin, and both genies appear in the story. The genie of the lamp is the main antagonist, known in the game as the Erazor Djinn, and the genie of the ring, known in the game as Shahra, appears as Sonic's sidekick and guide through the game. Furthermore, the ring genie is notably lesser than the lamp genie in the story. * In 2010, Anuman Interactive launched ''Aladin and the Enchanted Lamp'', a Puzzle video game, hidden object game on PC and Mac. * In 201
Saturn Animation Studio
produced an interactive adaptation o
The Magical Lamp of Aladdin
for mobile devices.

Pachinko

Sega Sammy have released a line of pachinko machines based on ''Aladdin'' since 1989. Sega Sammy have sold over 570,000 ''Aladdin'' pachinko machines in Japan, . At an average price of about $5,000, this is equivalent to approximately in pachinko sales revenue.

Gallery

File:Robida Aladin illustration page4.jpeg, Aladdin trades the silver plates to a Jew for a piece of gold File:Robida Aladin illustration page11.jpeg, The Magician (fantasy), Sorcerer tricks a handmaiden and offers "new lamps for old lamps". File:Aladdinlookingup.jpg, Aladdin in Disney's stage show.

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

External links

''Aladdin, or, The wonderful lamp''
by Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger, William Blackwood & Sons, 1863

in John Payne, ''Oriental Tales'' vol. 13

with additional material, including Payne's introductio

and quotes from Galland's diary. {{Authority control Aladdin, One Thousand and One Nights characters Fictional Arabs Fictional Chinese people Male characters in literature Male characters in fairy tales Articles containing video clips ATU 560-649