Alaaddin Mosque ( tr, Alâeddin Camii) is a historical mosque in Sinop City,

Sinop Province Sinop Province ( tr, Sinop ili ; el, Σινώπη, ''Sinopi'') is a province of Turkey, along the Black Sea. It is located between 41 and 42 degrees North latitude and between 34 and 35 degrees East longitude. The surface area is 5,862 ...

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

Geography

The mosque is in Sinop. The mosque has been built in the center of the Sinop peninsula. Another historical building, the Pervane Medrese is to the north of the mosque.

History

Sinop was an important

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...

port during the Middle Ages. It was captured by

Kaykaus I Kaykaus I or Izz ad-Din Kaykaus ibn Kayhkusraw ( 1ca, كَیکاوس, fa, عز الدين كيكاوس پور كيخسرو ''ʿIzz ad-Dīn Kaykāwūs pour Kaykhusraw'') was the Sultan of Rum from 1211 until his death in 1220. He was the eldest ...

Seljuks The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids ( ; fa, سلجوقیان ''Saljuqian'', alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turk ...

in 1214. The mosque was commissioned by his brother Alaattin Keykubat I in 1220s. The trustee of the mosque building was Atabeg Esedüddin Ayas, the former

Artuqid The Artuqid dynasty (alternatively Artukid, Ortoqid, or Ortokid; , pl. ; ; ) was a Turkoman dynasty originated from tribe that ruled in eastern Anatolia, Northern Syria and Northern Iraq in the eleventh through thirteenth centuries. The Artuq ...

(an

Anatolian beylik Anatolian beyliks ( tr, Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: ''Tavâif-i mülûk'', ''Beylik'' ) were small principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A secon ...

) bey, who escaped from his beylik after a coup d'état and took refuge in Seljuks. But after

Manuel I of Trebizond Manuel I Megas Komnenos ( el, Μανουήλ Κομνηνός; died March 1263) was Emperor of Trebizond from 1238 until his death. He was the son of Emperor Alexios I and his wife, Theodora. At the time Manuel reigned, the Empire of Trebizond co ...

captured Sinop, most of the mosque was demolished . Turkish control was restored in 1264 and Seljuks vizier Pervâne rebuilt the mosque in 1267. Islam Encyclopaedia ( (ALÂEDDİN CAMİİ ve MEDRESESİ Vol.2, p.328)
/ref> The city fell to Candarid beylik and in 1340s İbrahim of Candarids built a tomb in the north east corner of the mosque yard. In 1385 Bayezit of Candarids enlarged the mosque. Sinop as well as the rest of Candarid lands were captured by the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

in 1460s. During the Ottoman rule several times the mosque underwent maintenance. In 1850s Tufan Pasha, the Ottoman governor of Sinop restored the mosque following an earthquake which damaged the dome. The last restoration of the mosque took place in 2008.

Building

The total area of the mosque is square where the building has 66 x 22 m² (216 x 72 ft²) base area and the yard has 66 x 44 m² (216 x 144 ft²) area. The rectangular plan of the mosque building is quite different from later Ottoman mosques. The mosque yard is encircled by high walls. There are three gates; at the west, at the north and at the east.

Shadirvan A shadirvan ( fa, شادروان, tr, şadırvan, ar, شاذروان) is a type of fountain that is usually built in the courtyard or near the entrance of mosques, caravanserais, khanqahs, and madrasas, with the main purpose of providing wa ...

, the ablution fountain (a must for a mosque) is in the center of the yard. The mosque has three main domes and two smaller domes. During the restoration in the 1860s, the original marble

mimbar A minbar (; sometimes romanized as ''mimber'') is a pulpit in a mosque where the imam (leader of prayers) stands to deliver sermons (, ''khutbah''). It is also used in other similar contexts, such as in a Hussainiya where the speaker sits and ...

of the mosque had been sent to

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

. The present wooden mimbar is a later addition.Sinop Mosques page
/ref>

References

{{Mosques in Turkey Buildings and structures in Sinop, Turkey Mosques in Turkey Religious buildings and structures completed in the 1220s Tourist attractions in Sinop, Turkey Seljuk mosques in Turkey 13th-century mosques