![Ziauddin Araki](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Ziauddin_Araki.jpg)
Zia'eddin Araghi also known as Agha Zia'eddin Araghi ( fa, آقا ضیاء الدین عراقی) was an eminent
Shia
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...
jurist, Usuli and
Mujtahid
''Ijtihad'' ( ; ar, اجتهاد ', ; lit. physical or mental ''effort'') is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a le ...
during the flourishing the
Usul Fiqh in Ja'fari school
Ja'fari principles ( fa, علم اصول در مکتب جعفری) refers to regulations, history and eminent persons and scholars during the development of Shia's Principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
History and development Imami jurists and ...
in Shia after
Muhammad Baqir Behbahani
Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad Akmal al-Wahid Bihbahani, also Vahid Behbahani (1706–1791), was a Twelver Shia Islamic scholar. He is widely regarded as the founder or restorer of the ''Usuli'' school of Twelver Shi'a Islam and as playing a vita ...
.
Family
Araghi was born in 1861 in
Arak,
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. His name was Shaykh Ali but he was known as Zia Addin. His father was Mulla Muhammad Kabir Araghi and was Shia jurist and
Mujtahid
''Ijtihad'' ( ; ar, اجتهاد ', ; lit. physical or mental ''effort'') is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a le ...
.
Education
First he learned the preliminary stages in Arak and then travelled to
Isfahan
Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...
and resided in Sadr religious school. He participated in
Isfahan
Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...
in the courses of Masters like Agha Sayyed Muhammad Hashim Chahar Souqi, Mirza Jahangir Khan Qashqaei, Akhun Muhammad Kashi, and Abul Ma'ali Kalbasi. Then he Immigrated to
Najaf
Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...
,
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
. Before coming to
Najaf
Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...
, he first had the place of judge in Samara but this occupation did not satisfy him. Among his known masters in
Najaf
Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...
there were Mirza Habib Rashrti, Akhund Khorasani, Sayyed Muhammad Kazim Tabatabei Yazdi, Mirza Khalil Hoseini, Shaykh Al Shariah, Sayyed Muhammad Tabatabei Fesharaki, and Mirza Ebrahim Mahallati Shirazi.
Pupils
He also taught many eminent pupils such as following:
*Sayyed Muhsin Hakim
*Sayyed Muhammad Taqi Khansari
*Sayyed Abul Qasem Khansari
*Sayyed Mahmud Shahroudi
*Sayyed Abul Qasem Khoei
*The late Muhammad Taqi Bahjat
*Sayyed Abdullah Shirazi
*Sayyed Abdul Hadi Shirazi
*Sayyed Aul Hasan Shirazi
*Ayatollah Qaravi Aliyari
*Shaykh Muhammad Taqi Amoli
*
Mirza Hashem Amoli
Ayatollah Mirza Hashem Amoli Larijani ( fa, لاریجانی میرزا هاشم آملی; 26 February 189925 February 1993) was an Iranian Shia Marja' and scholar of jurisprudence.
Biography
Hashem Amoli Larijani was born on 26 February 1899 ...
See also
*
Mohammad-Kazem Khorasani
Ayatullah Sheikh Muhammad Kazim Khurasani ( fa, ; 1839 – 12 December 1911), commonly known as Akhund Khurasani ( fa, ) was a Shia jurist and political activist.
He is known for using his position as a Marja as legitimizing force behind the ...
*
Iranian Constitutional Revolution
The Persian Constitutional Revolution ( fa, مشروطیت, Mashrūtiyyat, or ''Enghelāb-e Mashrūteh''), also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911. The revolution led to the establishment of a par ...
*
Intellectual movements in Iran
*
Mirza Hussein Naini Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Mohammad-Hossein Naini Gharavi ( fa, ; May 25, 1860 – August 14, 1936) was Iranian Shia marja'.
His father Mirza Abdol Rahim and grandfather Haji Mirza Saeed, both one were Sheikhs of Nain and Mohammad Hussein proved him ...
*
List of Maraji
Maraji are the supreme legal authority for Twelver Shia Muslims. The following articles contain lists of Maraji:
* List of current Maraji''
* List of deceased Maraji''
See also
*Marja'
*Ijtihad
*Hawza
*Risalah (fiqh)
*List of Ayatollahs
*List of ...
*
Mirza Jawad Maleki Tabrizi
Mirza Jawad Agha Maleki Tabrizi or Mirza Jawad Maleki Tabrizi (1857 Tabriz – July 3, 1925 Qom) was a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence, principles, ethics, wisdom and Islamic mysticism.
Birth and lineage
''Mirza Jawad Agha Maleki Tabrizi'' ...
*
Hibatuddin Shahrestani
Sayyid Muhammad Ali Hosseini Shahrestani known as Hibatuddin Shahrestani, was an Iraqi Shiite cleric and an Islamic scholar and Mujtahid, Quran exegete.
Birth and lineage
''Hibatuddin Shahrestani'' was born in Samarra on the morning of 20 ...
*
Mohammad Hossein Esheni Qudejani
Mohammad Hossein Esheni or Mohammad Hossein Esheni Qudejani (1868 – May 5, 1956) was an Iranian Shia cleric and experienced Faqih.
Birth
''Mohammad Hossein Esheni Qudejani'' was born around 1868 (1285 AH) in Qudejan village of Cheshmeh ...
References
{{authority control
Iranian writers
People of the Persian Constitutional Revolution
Iranian grand ayatollahs
Pupils of Muhammad Kadhim Khorasani
People from Arak, Iran
1861 births
Year of death missing