The Adanates or Edenates were a small
Gallic tribe dwelling around present-day
Seyne, in the
Alpes Cottiae, during the
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age ( Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age ( Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostl ...
.
Name
They are mentioned as ''Edenates'' (
var. '-) by
Pliny
Pliny may refer to:
People
* Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE), ancient Roman nobleman, scientist, historian, and author of ''Naturalis Historia'' (''Pliny's Natural History'')
* Pliny the Younger (died 113), ancient Roman statesman, orator, w ...
(1st c. AD),
Pliny
Pliny may refer to:
People
* Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE), ancient Roman nobleman, scientist, historian, and author of ''Naturalis Historia'' (''Pliny's Natural History'')
* Pliny the Younger (died 113), ancient Roman statesman, orator, w ...
. ''Naturalis Historia''
3:20
and as ''Adanatium'' on the
Arc of Susa.
[, s.v. ''Edenates''.]
The etymology of the name ''Adanates'' is unclear.
Guy Barruol
Guy Barruol (born 10 June 1934) is a French historian and archaeologist. He is director of research emeritus at the CNRS.
Biography
Guy Barruol was born on 10 June 1934 in Mazan, Vaucluse, the son of Jean Barruol (1898–1982), a local histo ...
has proposed to compare it with ''Adenatius'' (or ''Adenatis'') and ''Adana'', and postulated an original *''Senedenates'', with loss of the initial ''s-'' retained in ''Sedena''. According to Alexander Falileyev, "if the original form was indeed *''Sed-'', the name could be Celtic, from ''sedo-'' 'seat, location'; but in view of the form recorded in inscriptions, it is unlikely. If ''Eden-'' is the original form, the name does not appear Celtic."
Xavier Delamarre
Xavier Delamarre (; born 5 June 1954) is a French linguist, lexicographer, and diplomat. He is regarded as one of the world's foremost authorities on the Gaulish language.
Since 2019, he has been an associate researcher for the CNRS- PSL AOrOc ...
has proposed to interpret the name as ''Ed-en-ati'' ('those from the land/country'), from a Gaulish stem ''edo-(n)-'' ('space, land').
Geography
The Adanates dwelled around the settlement of Sedena (modern
Seyne). Their territory was located south of the
Avantici
The Avantici (Gaulish: *''Auanticoi'') were a small Gallic tribe dwelling around present-day Gap, in the western part of the modern Hautes-Alpes department, during the Roman period.
Name
They are only mentioned once as ''Avanticos'' (var. ' ...
, west of the
Savincates
The Savincates were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the Ubaye valley, around present-day Faucon-de-Barcelonnette in the Alpes Maritimae, during the Iron Age.
Name
They are mentioned as ''Savincatium'' on two inscriptions., s.v. ''Savincates''.
T ...
, east of the
Sebaginni
The Sebaginni were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the middle Durance valley during the Iron Age.
Name
They are mentioned as ''Sebaginnos'' (var. -''gninos'', ''Sabagnanos'') by Cicero (early 1st c. BC).Cicero. ''Pro P. Quinctio'', 25:80., s.v. ''S ...
, and north of the
Gallitae and
Eguiturii
The Eguiturii or Eguituri were a Celto-Ligurian tribe dwelling in the Alpes Maritimae during the Iron Age.
Name
They are mentioned as ''Eguituri'' by Pliny (1st c. AD).Pliny. ''Naturalis Historia''3:20
The meaning of the ethnonym ''Eguituri(i) ...
.
[, Map 17: Lugdunum.]
History
They are mentioned once in ancient texts by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the
Tropaeum Alpium
The Tropaeum Alpium (Latin 'Trophy of the Alps', French: ''Trophée des Alpes''), is a Roman trophy (''tropaeum'') celebrating the emperor Augustus's decisive victory over the tribes who populated the Alps. The monument's ruins are in La Turbi ...
.
They also appear on the
Arch of Susa, erected by
Cottius
Marcus Julius Cottius was King of the Celtic and Ligurian inhabitants of the mountainous Roman province then known as '' Alpes Taurinae'' and now as the Cottian Alps early in the 1st century BC. Son and successor to King Donnus, he negotiated a ...
in 9–8 BC.
References
Primary sources
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Bibliography
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{{Authority control
Historical Celtic peoples
Gauls
Tribes of pre-Roman Gaul