Actiniidae is the largest
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
of
sea anemone
Sea anemones are a group of predation, predatory marine invertebrates of the order (biology), order Actiniaria. Because of their colourful appearance, they are named after the ''Anemone'', a terrestrial flowering plant. Sea anemones are classifi ...
s, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in
symbioses with fishes. Three exceptions are the
bubble-tip anemone
Bubble-tip anemone (''Entacmaea quadricolor'') is a species of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae. Like several anemone species, ''E. quadricolor'' can support several anemonefish species, and displays two growth types based on where they live ...
(with
anemonefish
Clownfish or anemonefish are fishes from the subfamily Amphiprioninae in the family Pomacentridae. Thirty species of clownfish are recognized: one in the genus '' Premnas'', while the remaining are in the genus '' Amphiprion''. In the wild, t ...
and certain
cardinalfish
Cardinalfishes are a family, Apogonidae, of ray-finned fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans; they are chiefly marine, but some species are found in brackish water and a few (notably '' Glossamia'') are found in fresh water. A ...
),
snakelocks anemone
The snakelocks anemone (''Anemonia viridis'') is a sea anemone found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. The latter population is however sometimes considered a separate species, the Mediterranean snakelocks anemone (''Anem ...
(with
Incognito goby
''Gobius incognitus'', the incognito goby or anemone goby, is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea and perhaps the Black Sea.M. Kovačić, R. Šanda, 2016 : ''A new species of Gobius (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea ...
) and ''
Urticina piscivora
''Urticina piscivora'', common names fish-eating anemone and fish-eating urticina, is a northeast Pacific species of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae.
Description
''Urticina piscivora'' is a large anemone, growing to a maximum height of a ...
'' (with
painted greenling).
The systematics of Actiniidae is often quite difficult. The problem with identification of genera within this family is that most species are readily distinguishable when alive but when
fixated lose their color and some other features. Arrangement of tentacles is important in defining genera for Actiniaria families. There may be one tentacle per space between
mesenteries
In zoology, a mesentery is a membrane inside the body cavity of an animal. The term identifies different structures in different phyla: in vertebrates it is a double fold of the peritoneum enclosing the intestines; in other organisms it forms co ...
or there may be more than one tentacle between each two mesenteries. Members of the family Actiniidae have one tentacle per space.
Genera
Genera in this family include:
* ''
Actinia
''Actinia'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae. Actinia display a rare form of heteromorphosis in which a cut inflicted on a specimen can develop into a second mouth.
Species
The following species are listed in the World Regis ...
''
Linnaeus, 1767
* ''
Actinioides''
Haddon & Shackleton, 1893
* ''
Actinopsis''
* ''
Actinostella
''Actinostella'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae.
Species
The World Register of Marine Species includes these species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as ...
''
* ''
Anemonia
''Anemonia'' is a genus of sea anemones belonging to the family Actiniidae.
Species
The following species are recognized:
* '' Anemonia alicemartinae'' Häussermann & Försterra, 2001
* '' Anemonia antilliensis'' Pax, 1924
* '' Anemonia cereus ...
''
Risso, 1826
* ''
Antheopsis''
Simon, 1892
* ''
Anthopleura
''Anthopleura'' is a genus of sea anemones, of the family Actiniidae.
Etymology
Anthopleura is Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek lang ...
''
Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860
* ''
Anthostella
''Anthostella'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fi ...
''
Carlgren, 1938
* ''
Asteractis''
Verrill, 1869
* ''
Aulactinia
''Aulactinia'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fis ...
''
Verrill, 1864
* ''
Bolocera
''Bolocera'' is a genus of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fishes ...
''
Gosse, 1860
* ''
Boloceropsis''
McMurrich, 1904
* ''
Bunodactis
''Bunodactis'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fis ...
''
Verril, 1899
* ''
Bunodosoma
''Bunodosoma'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fis ...
''
Verrill, 1899
* ''
Cladactella''
Verrill, 1928
* ''
Condylactis
''Condylactis'' is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Actiniidae
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses w ...
''
Duchassaing de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1864
* ''
Cribrina''
Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834
* ''
Cribrinopsis''
Carlgren, 1922
* ''
Dofleinia''
Wassilieff, 1908
* ''
Entacmaea''
Ehrenberg, 1834
* ''
Epiactis''
Verrill, 1869
* ''
Glyphoperidium''
Roule, 1909
* ''
Gyractis''
Boveri, 1893
* ''
Gyrostoma''
Kwietniewski, 1898
* ''
Isactinia''
Carlgren, 1900
* ''
Isanemonia''
Carlgren, 1950
* ''
Isantheopsis''
Carlgren, 1942
* ''
Isoaulactinia
''Isoaulactinia'' is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Actiniidae.
The species of this genus are found in Central America.
Species:
*''Isoaulactinia hespervolita''
*''Isoaulactinia stelloides''
References
Actiniidae
Hexa ...
''
Belém, Herrera & Schlenz, 1996
* ''
Isosicyonis''
Carlgren, 1927
* ''
Isotealia''
Carlgren, 1899
* ''
Korsaranthus
''Korsaranthus'' is a genus of sea anemones in the family (biology), family Actiniidae.Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa'' It is monotypic, being repres ...
''
Riemann-Zurneck, 1999
* ''
Leipsiceras''
Stephenson, 1918
* ''
Macrodactyla
''Macrodactyla'' is a genus of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae. Species of ''Macrodactyla'' are typically found in waters near Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a con ...
''
Haddon, 1898
* ''
Mesactinia''
England, 1987
* ''
Myonanthus''
McMurrich, 1893
* ''
Neocondylactis''
England, 1987
* ''
Neoparacondylactis''
Zamponi, 1974
* ''
Onubactis''
Lopez-Gonzalez, den Hartog & Garcia-Gomez, 1995
* ''
Oulactis''
Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851
* ''
Parabunodactis''
Carlgren, 1928
* ''
Paracondylactis''
Carlgren, 1934
* ''
Paranemonia''
Carlgren, 1900
* ''
Parantheopsis''
McMurrich, 1904
* ''
Paratealia''
Mathew & Kurian, 1979
* ''
Phialoba''
Carlgren, 1949
* ''
Phlyctenactis''
Stuckey, 1909
* ''
Phlyctenanthus''
Carlgren, 1949
* ''
Phyllactis''
Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851
* ''
Phymactis''
Milne Edwards, 1857
* ''
Phymanthea''
* ''
Pseudactinia''
Carlgren, 1928
* ''
Spheractis''
England, 1992
* ''
Stylobates''
Dall, 1903
* ''
Synantheopsis'' England, 1992
* ''
Tealianthus'' Carlgren, 1927
* ''
Urticina
''Urticina'' is a genus of relatively large and often colorful sea anemones in the family Actiniidae from the North Pacific, North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans.
Species
The following species are listed in the World Register of Marine Species (WoR ...
'' Ehrenberg, 1834
* ''
Urticinopsis'' Carlgren, 1927
image:condylactis.jpg, ''Condylactis sp.''
image:Isocradactis magna, Pakiri 1.JPG, ''Isocradactis magna'', Pakiri Beach
Pakiri is a locality in Auckland, in the former Rodney District of New Zealand. Leigh, New Zealand, Leigh is about to the south-east. The Pakiri River flows through the area and into the Hauraki Gulf to the north-east.
The area is named for th ...
, New Zealand
image:Isocradactis magna, Pakiri 2.JPG, ''Isocradactis magna'', Pakiri Beach
Pakiri is a locality in Auckland, in the former Rodney District of New Zealand. Leigh, New Zealand, Leigh is about to the south-east. The Pakiri River flows through the area and into the Hauraki Gulf to the north-east.
The area is named for th ...
, New Zealand
References
External links
Anthopleura solaImages
Actinioidea
Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
Cnidarian families
{{Actiniaria-stub