Acanthuridae
Acanthuridae are the family of surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 extant species of marine fish living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular in aq ...
Indo-Pacific
The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth.
In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the ...
but a few are found in the Atlantic Ocean. As other members of the family, they have a pair of spines, one on either side of the base of the tail which are dangerously sharp.
Species
There are currently 41 recognized species in this genus:
* ''
Acanthurus achilles
''Acanthurus achilles'', commonly known as Achilles tang or Achilles surgeonfish, is a tropical marine fish native to the Pacific Ocean.
Description
They are a medium surgeonfish reaching a maximum of at adulthood. ''Acanthurus achilles'' are b ...
Acanthurus albimento
The whitechin surgeonfish (''Acanthurus albimento'') is a species of fish in the family Acanthuridae. It was described by Kent E. Carpenter, Jeffrey Taylor Williams and Mudjekeewis Dalisay Santos in 2017. It is a tropical fish which inhabits re ...
J. T. Williams
J. T. Williams was an American football coach. He was the fifth head football coach at Kentucky State University in Frankfort, Kentucky
Frankfort is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, United States, and the seat of Frank ...
Acanthurus albipectoralis
''Acanthurus albipectoralis'' (whitefin surgeonfish) is a marine reef tang in the fish family Acanthuridae
Acanthuridae are the family of surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 extant species of marine fish li ...
Acanthurus auranticavus
''Acanthurus auranticavus'', is a tropical fish with the common names orange-socket surgeonfish and ring-tail surgeon. It was named by Randall in 1956.Page 24, ''Surgeonfishes of the world'', by John E. Randall. Mutual Pub., 2001. /
Description ...
'' J. E. Randall, 1956 (Orange-socket surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus bahianus
The ocean surgeon or ocean surgeonfish (''Acanthurus bahianus'') is a tropical fish known to live in reefs in the western Atlantic Ocean, especially the Caribbean Sea. It is sometimes marketed fresh as a food item,Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius ( ...
Acanthurus blochii
''Acanthurus blochii'' (ringtail surgeonfish) is a marine reef tang in the fish family Acanthuridae
Acanthuridae are the family of surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 extant species of marine fish living i ...
Acanthurus chirurgus
''Acanthurus chirurgus'', commonly called doctorfish or doctorfish tang in English and ''barbero rayado'' or ''cirujano rayado'' in Spanish, is a tropical marine fish common in the Atlantic Ocean.
Description
Reaching a maximum size of and , ''A ...
'' (
Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include:
A–F
* (1859-1914), French rabbi
*Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881-1925), Austrian entrepreneur
*Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter
* (born 1972), German motor journal ...
, 1787) (Doctorfish tang)
* ''
Acanthurus chronixis
''Acanthurus chronixis'' is a tropical fish known commonly as the chronixis surgeonfish or the half black mimic surgeonfish. It was first named by Randall in 1960. The species lives in coral reefs in the western Pacific.J. E. Randall, 1960 (Chronixis surgeonfish)
* '' Acanthurus coeruleus''
Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include:
A–F
* (1859-1914), French rabbi
*Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881-1925), Austrian entrepreneur
*Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter
* (born 1972), German motor journal ...
Acanthurus fowleri
''Acanthurus fowleri'' is a tropical fish which is found in coral reefs in the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sover ...
Acanthurus gahhm
''Acanthurus gahhm'' is a species of fish in the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes. Its common name is black surgeonfish. It is endemic to the western Indian Ocean, where it occurs in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and Socotra.
Description
T ...
Acanthurus grammoptilus
''Acanthurus grammoptilus'' is a tropical fish which is found in the Philippines, Indonesia and Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Austra ...
'' J. Richardson, 1843 (Fine-lined surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus guttatus
''Acanthurus guttatus'' (whitespotted surgeonfish) is a marine reef tang in the fish family Acanthuridae. It is found in shallow waters on reefs in the Indo-Pacific.
Description
The whitespotted surgeonfish is deep-bodied and laterally compress ...
'' J. R. Forster, 1801 (White-spotted surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus japonicus
''Acanthurus japonicus'' is a tang from the Indo-West Pacific. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 21 cm in length. It is also known as Japan surgeonfish, white-faced surgeonfish, gold rim tang, powder ...
Acanthurus leucocheilus
''Acanthurus leucocheilus'' is a tropical fish also known as the palelipped surgeonfish or the white-spine surgeonfish. It is used commercially in aquarium
An aquarium (plural: ''aquariums'' or ''aquaria'') is a vivarium of any size having ...
Acanthurus lineatus
''Acanthurus lineatus'', the lined surgeonfish, is a member of the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes. Other common names include blue banded surgeonfish, blue-lined surgeonfish, clown surgeonfish, pyjama tang, striped surgeonfish, and zeb ...
1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) (Lined surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus maculiceps
''Acanthurus maculiceps'' is a tang from the Indo-West Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on defin ...
'' ( C. G. E. Ahl, 1923) (White-freckled surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus mata
''Acanthurus mata'' is a marine tropical fish belonging to the family of the Acanthuridae or surgeonfishes. Its common names are elongate surgeonfish and blue-lined surgeonfish.
Description
It is a medium sized fish that can reach a maximum siz ...
'' (
G. Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (; 23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in nat ...
, 1829) (Elongate surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus monroviae
The Monrovia doctorfish (Acanthurus monroviae) is present in the tropical eastern Atlantic Ocean from southern Morocco to Angola, including the Canary islands, Cape Verde and Gulf of Guinea. It has been observed, but rarely, in the Mediterranean ...
''
Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...
, 1876 (Monrovia surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus nigricans
The whitecheek surgeonfish, also known as the goldenrim surgeonfish or yellow-spotted surgeonfish (''Acanthurus nigricans''), is a reef-associated tang
Tang or TANG most often refers to:
* Tang dynasty
* Tang (drink mix)
Tang or TANG may also ...
1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) (White-cheek surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus nigricauda
''Acanthurus nigricauda'', the epaulette surgeonfish, black-barred surgeonfish, eye-line surgeonfish, shoulderbar surgeonfish, white-tail surgeonfish or blackstreak surgeonfish, is a tropical fish in the family Acanthuridae. It is native to the ...
Acanthurus nigrofuscus
''Acanthurus nigrofuscus'', also known as the lavender tang, brown tang, or spot-cheeked surgeonfish, is a tang from the Indo-Pacific and Hawaii. It commonly makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to 21 cm in length. Recently, a hu ...
Acanthurus nigroris
''Acanthurus nigroris'', the bluelined surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This species and '' A. nigros'' have been regarded as sy ...
Acanthurus nigros
The grey-head surgeonfish (''Acanthurus nigros'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae which includes the surgeonfishes. unicornfishes and tangs. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.
Taxonom ...
'' Günther, 1861 (Grey-head surgeonfish)Randall, J.E., DiBattista, J.D. & Wilcox, C. (2011): ''Acanthurus nigros'' Günther, a Valid Species of Surgeonfish, Distinct from the Hawaiian ''A. nigroris'' Valenciennes. ''Pacific Science, 65 (2): 265–275.''
* ''
Acanthurus nubilus
''Acanthurus nubilus'', the bluelined surgeon, pin-striped surgeon, dark surgeonfish or dropoff surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. Th ...
Acanthurus olivaceus
''Acanthurus olivaceus'', also known as the orange-band surgeonfish, the orange-shoulder surgeonfish or the orangebar tang, is a member of the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes. It lives in the tropical waters of the Indo-west Pacific.
De ...
''
Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include:
A–F
* (1859-1914), French rabbi
*Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881-1925), Austrian entrepreneur
*Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter
* (born 1972), German motor journal ...
Bleeker Bleeker is a Dutch occupational surname. Bleeker is an old spelling of ''(linnen)bleker'' ("linen bleacher").Acanthurus pyroferus
''Acanthurus pyroferus'', chocolate surgeonfish, mimic surgeonfish, orange-gilled surgeonfish, Pacific mimic surgeon, and yellowspot surgeon, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Acanthuridae, which inc ...
Acanthurus randalli
''Acanthurus randalli'' is a tropical fish found in the western Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its wate ...
Acanthurus reversus
''Acanthurus reversus'' is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is endemic to French Polynesia.
Taxonomy
''Acanthurus reversus'' was first ...
Earle Earle may refer to:
* Earle (given name)
* Earle (surname)
Places
* Earle, Arkansas, a city in Crittenden County, Arkansas, US
* Earle, Indiana, an unincorporated town in Vanderburgh County, Indiana, US
* Earle, Northumberland, a settlement i ...
, 1999
* ''
Acanthurus sohal
The sohal surgeonfish (''Acanthurus sohal'') or sohal tang, is an endemic from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. A single record was reported in 2017 from the eastern Mediterranean Sea, a likely result of aquarium release. It can grow up to 16 in (40& ...
Acanthurus tennentii
The doubleband surgeonfish or lieutenant tang (''Acanthurus tennenti''), is a marine ray-finned fish in the family Acanthuridae. It is found in the tropical and sub-tropical Indo-Pacific region and grows to a maximum length of .
Description
The ...
Acanthurus thompsoni
''Acanthurus thompsoni'' is a tropical fish found in the Pacific and Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to th ...
Acanthurus tractus
''Acanthurus tractus'', the five-band surgeonfish, ocean surgeon, or ocean surgeonfish, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Acanthuridae found in the western Atlantic Ocean, Florida, the Bahamas, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico ...
Acanthurus triostegus
''Acanthurus triostegus'', also known as the convict tang, convict surgeonfish, or manini, is a small surgeonfish in family Acanthuridae of the order Perciformes. It is typically about long, but some individuals may reach 27 cm. These ta ...
1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) (Convict surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus tristis
''Acanthurus tristis'' is a tang from the Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west a ...
'' J. E. Randall, 1993 (Indian Ocean mimic surgeonfish)
* ''
Acanthurus xanthopterus
''Acanthurus xanthopterus'', the yellowfin surgeonfish yellowmask surgeonfish, ringtail surgeonfish or Cuvier's surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishe ...