Abram Efremovich Budanov (sometimes, Abraham;
1886–1929) was a
Ukrainian anarchist
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...
military commander, as a member of the
Makhnovist movement in
Donbas
The Donbas or Donbass (, ; uk, Донба́с ; russian: Донба́сс ) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine. Parts of the Donbas are controlled by Russian separatist groups as a result of the Russo-Ukrai ...
and a permanent member of the RIAU Revolutionary Military Council.
Biography
Born in 1882 in the village of
Stary Krym, in
Mariupol, he also received four classes here.
He joined the
anarcho-communists
Anarcho-communism, also known as anarchist communism, (or, colloquially, ''ancom'' or ''ancomm'') is a political philosophy and anarchist school of thought that advocates communism. It calls for the abolition of private property but retains res ...
in 1905, took part in the Revolution of 1905–1907 in
Luhansk.
In 1917–1918, he was involved in organizing
anarcho-syndicalist trade unions among Donbas
miners, then he participated in the underground struggle against the
Ukrainian State of
Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky
Pavlo Petrovych Skoropadskyi ( uk, Павло Петрович Скоропадський, Pavlo Petrovych Skoropadskyi; – 26 April 1945) was a Ukrainian aristocrat, military and state leader, decorated Imperial Russian Army and Ukrainian Army ...
.
In the spring of 1919 he joined the Makhnovist movement.
In August 1919, he organized and led the Makhnovist uprising in units of the red 58th Division.
On September 1, 1919, Abram was elected to the revolutionary military council of the
RIAU in the village of
Dobrovelichkovka.
In the RIAU he commanded the 1st Don Brigade, which was later transformed into a corps (1919), led the partisan struggle in
Kharkov and
Donetsk provinces (1920) and was a member of the Council of Revolutionary Insurgents of Ukraine.
On the evening of February 23, 1920, he arrived with the Makhnovists in
Gavrilovka Gavrilovka (russian: Гаври́ловка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
;Urban localities
*Gavrilovka, Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a work settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of oblast ...
, Budanov called a meeting in the village and pasted leaflets with his own hand. At the end of March 17–18, in the village of
Bolshaya Yanisol, he conducted political and propaganda work. In
Aleksandrovka, Budanov was elected to the cultural and educational department on May 29, appointing him head of the department.
On September 29, 1920, the RIAU Council Diplomatic Commission was formed, which went to
Kharkov to maintain contact with the
Soviet government; Budanov was elected a member of the diplomatic mission.
He was arrested upon breaking the military-political agreement with the Bolshevik authorities on November 26, 1920, but in the summer of 1921 he escaped from the
Ryazan prison and returned to Ukraine, leading the rebel movement until it was defeated in 1922 in
Donbas
The Donbas or Donbass (, ; uk, Донба́с ; russian: Донба́сс ) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine. Parts of the Donbas are controlled by Russian separatist groups as a result of the Russo-Ukrai ...
.
By the end of 1928, he organized an underground anarchist group near
Mariupol, which was discovered by the
GPU of the
Ukrainian SSR in November 25, 1928, and Budanov was sentenced to be shot.
In 1995 he was posthumously rehabilitated.
References
Bibliography
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{{Authority control
1886 births
1929 deaths
Makhnovshchina
People executed by the Soviet Union by firearm
People from Mariupol
Ukrainian anarchists
Executed anarchists