Aert Schouman or Aart Schouman (4 March 1710 – 5 July 1792) was an 18th-century painter, now better known as a glass engraver, from the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...

. Schouman was born in

Dordrecht Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after R ...

. When 15 years old he served as apprentice to the Dordrecht artist

Adriaan van der Burg Adriaan van der Burg (1693–1733) was an 18th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Van der Burg was born and died in Dordrecht. According to Jan van Gool he was the pupil of Arnold Houbraken and accompanied him to Amst ...

, along with Cornelis Greenwood, the son of his teacher for glass engraving, Frans Greenwood,Aart Schouman
in the

RKD The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...

inventor of the stipple style, which Schouman also worked in. Schouman was unusual among painters in that he kept a detailed diary of his professional life from 16 October 1733 to 16 November 1753. He took on his first art pupil in 1733 and continued teaching for the rest of his life. From 1742 until 1792 he was head of the Dordrecht

Guild of St. Luke The Guild of Saint Luke was the most common name for a city guild for painters and other artists in early modern Europe, especially in the Low Countries. They were named in honor of the Four Evangelists, Evangelist Saint Luke, Luke, the patron sa ...

, and in 1751 he became regent of the Hague drawing school associated with the

Confrerie Pictura The Confrerie Pictura was a more or less academic club of artists founded in 1656 in The Hague (the Netherlands) by local art painters, who were unsatisfied by the Guild of Saint Luke there. History The guild of St. Luke in the Hague existed a ...

of The Hague. In 1736 he founded the "Brotherhood" of the Confrerie in The Hague, a fraternity of amateur art lovers from Dordrecht and environs, of which he was headman during the years 1752–1762. Schouman was a leading artist in

Zeeland , nl, Ik worstel en kom boven("I struggle and emerge") , anthem = "Zeeuws volkslied"("Zeelandic Anthem") , image_map = Zeeland in the Netherlands.svg , map_alt = , m ...

between 1735 and 1785. During that period he lived and worked in Dordrecht, The Hague and

Middelburg Middelburg may refer to: Places and jurisdictions Europe * Middelburg, Zeeland, the capital city of the province of Zeeland, southwestern Netherlands ** Roman Catholic Diocese of Middelburg, a former Catholic diocese with its see in the Zeeland ...

and taught pupils in Dordrecht and The Hague. He travelled to England twice and assembled an important collection of paintings. He was a prolific and versatile Dutch painter, glass engraver, printmaker, collector and dealer, who produced still lifes, biblical and mythological themes, natural history studies, genre, historical and topographical works, portraits, sketches,

etching Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types ...

s and

mezzotint Mezzotint is a monochrome printmaking process of the '' intaglio'' family. It was the first printing process that yielded half-tones without using line- or dot-based techniques like hatching, cross-hatching or stipple. Mezzotint achieves tonali ...

s. He designed tapestries, painted wall-hangings and decorated objects such as fans, snuffboxes and even the glass windows of a

magic lantern The magic lantern, also known by its Latin name , is an early type of image projector that used pictures—paintings, prints, or photographs—on transparent plates (usually made of glass), one or more lenses, and a light source. Because a si ...

. His pupils were Wouter Dam, Jabes Heenck, Dirk Kuipers,

Pieter Willem van Megen Pieter is a male given name, the Dutch form of Peter. The name has been one of the most common names in the Netherlands for centuries, but since the mid-twentieth century its popularity has dropped steadily, from almost 3000 per year in 1947 t ...

, Nicolaes Muys,

Jan van Os Jan van Os (23 February 1744 – 7 February 1808) was a Dutch painter and a member of the renowned Van Os family of artists. Biography Van Os was born in Middelharnis. He was taught by Aert Schouman in The Hague, where he would spend the rest o ...

Joris Ponse Joris Ponse (March 1723, Dordrecht - December 1783, Dordrecht) was a Dutch painter primarily of birds, fruit, and flowers. Ponse was a scholar of Aert Schouman. He passed through many vicissitudes, being at one time reduced to gain a livelihood by ...

Martinus Schouman Martinus Schouman (1770– 1848) was a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Schouman was born in Dordrecht. According to the RKD he was the pupil and grandnephew of Aert Schouman and the brother of Aert II.

(his grandnephew),

Jan Willem Snoek Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numbe ...

Rutger Moens Taats Rutger is a male given name common in the Netherlands, and a cognate of the first name Roger. People *Ruotger (died 931), archbishop of Trier * (c.975–1050), First Duke of Cleves * (died 1075), Second Duke of Cleves * Rutger von Ascheberg (1621� ...

Wouter Uiterlimmige Wouter is a Dutch masculine given name popular in the Netherlands and Belgium. It is the Dutch equivalent of the English name Walter and French name Gauthier, both of Germanic origin, meaning "ruler of the army", "army of the forest" or "bright a ...

Wilhelmus Vincentius "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe", usually known just as "Wilhelmus" ( nl, Het Wilhelmus, italic=no; ; English translation: "The William"), is the national anthem of both the Netherlands and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It dates back to at least 1572 ...

Jacobus Vonck A Jacobus is an English gold coin of the reign of James I, worth 25 shillings. The name of the coin comes from the Latin inscription surrounding the King's head on the obverse of the coin, IACOBUS D G MAG BRIT FRA ET HI REX ("James, by the grace o ...

, and Daniël Vrijdag. He died in The Hague, aged 82. His painting of , the Dordrecht art collector and

Maecenas Gaius Cilnius Maecenas ( – 8 BC) was a friend and political advisor to Octavian (who later reigned as emperor Augustus). He was also an important patron for the new generation of Augustan poets, including both Horace and Virgil. During the rei ...

, gives an insight into the relationship between artist and patron.

References

Aert Schouman
on

artnet Artnet.com is an art market website. It is operated by Artnet Worldwide Corporation, which has headquarters in New York City, in the United States, and is owned by Artnet AG, a German publicly traded company based in Berlin that is listed on t ...

Bibliography

* Laurens J. Bol ''Aert Schouman. Dordrecht 1710-1792 's-Gravenhage. Tentoonstelling bijeengebracht uit openbaar en particulier bezit van tekeningen, aquarellen en prenten'', Rijksprentenkabinet Rijksmuseum Amsterdam 1961 *

Meile D. Haga Meile may refer to: * the German term for mile The mile, sometimes the international mile or statute mile to distinguish it from other miles, is a British imperial unit and United States customary unit of distance; both are based on the ...

''La Voliere Imaginaire. Aquarelles d'oiseaux par Aert Schouman (1710-17920)'', Paris, 1982 * Laurens J. Bol ''Aart Schouman. Ingenious painter and draughtsman'', Doornspijk, 1991 {{DEFAULTSORT:Schouman, Aert 1710 births 1792 deaths 18th-century Dutch painters 18th-century Dutch male artists Dutch male painters Artists from Dordrecht Glass engravers Painters from Dordrecht Painters from The Hague Dutch glass artists