Events from the 10th century in

Ireland Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel (Grea ...

900s

;900 * Death of

Tadg mac Conchobair Tadg mac Conchobair (died 900) was a King of Connacht from the Uí Briúin branch of the Connachta. He was the son of Conchobar mac Taidg Mór (died 882), a previous king, the second of his three sons to rule in succession, succeeding his brothe ...

King of Connacht The Kings of Connacht were rulers of the ''cóiced'' (variously translated as portion, fifth, province) of Connacht, which lies west of the River Shannon, Ireland. However, the name only became applied to it in the early medieval era, being name ...

* Death of

Litan Litan (died 900) was abbot of Tuam. Litan was the fifth known abbot of Tuam, County Galway, but nothing else appears to be known of him. He was the apparent successor of Cormac mac Ciaran but because the sabbatical succession of Tuam is f ...

, abbot of

Tuam Tuam ( ; ga, Tuaim , meaning 'mound' or 'burial-place') is a town in Ireland and the second-largest settlement in County Galway. It is west of the midlands of Ireland, about north of Galway city. Humans have lived in the area since the Bron ...

;902 *

Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...

has been abandoned - the end of the

Longphort A longphort (Ir. plur. ''longphuirt'') is a term used in Ireland for a Viking ship enclosureConnolly S.J (1998). The Oxford Companion to Irish History. Oxford University Press. p. 580 or shore fortress. Although these ''longphorts'' were used as b ...

phase - the term used by modern scholars to refer to the earliest period of

Viking Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and se ...

settlement at

;904 * Mughroin mac Sochlachan, 30th King of

Uí Maine U or u, is the twenty-first and sixth-to-last letter and fifth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''u'' (pro ...

, died. ;908 * 13 September -

Flann Sinna Flann Sinna ( lit. ''Flann of the Shannon''; Irish: ''Flann na Sionainne''; 84725 May 916), also known as Flann mac Máel Sechnaill, was the son of Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid of Clann Cholmáin, a branch of the Southern Uí Néill. He was ...

slew

Cormac mac Cuilennáin Cormac mac Cuilennáin (died 13 September 908) was an Irish bishop and the king of Munster from 902 until his death at the Battle of Bellaghmoon. He was killed in Leinster. Cormac was regarded as a saintly figure after his death, and his shrine ...

, the king-bishop of Cashel and

King of Munster The kings of Munster ( ga, Rí Mumhan), ruled from the establishment of Munster during the Irish Iron Age, until the High Middle Ages. According to Gaelic traditional history, laid out in works such as the '' Book of Invasions'', the earliest ...

, at the battle of Belach Mughna, in

Leinster Leinster ( ; ga, Laighin or ) is one of the provinces of Ireland, situated in the southeast and east of Ireland. The province comprises the ancient Kingdoms of Meath, Leinster and Osraige. Following the 12th-century Norman invasion of Ir ...

. ;909 * Death of

Sochlachan mac Diarmata Sochlachan mac Diarmata (died 909) was 31st King of Uí Maine. The annals record: M865.11 Huppan, son of Cinaedh, heir presumptive of Connaught, was burned in an ignited house, by Sochlachan, son of Diarmait. U867.5 Abán son of Cinaed, ...

, 31st King of

. * Death of

Cerball mac Muirecáin Cerball mac Muirecáin (died 909) was Kings of Leinster, king of Leinster. He was the son of Muirecán mac Diarmata and a member of the Uí Fáeláin, the descendants of Fáelán mac Murchado (died 738), of one of three septs of the Uí Dúnlainge ...

King of Leinster The kings of Leinster ( ga, Rí Laighín), ruled from the establishment of Kingdom of Leinster, Leinster during the Irish Iron Age, until the 17th century Early Modern Ireland. According to Gaelic traditional history, laid out in works such as th ...

910s

;911 *

Drogheda Drogheda ( , ; , meaning "bridge at the ford") is an industrial and port town in County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, north of Dublin. It is located on the Dublin–Belfast corridor on the east coast of Ireland, mostly in County Louth ...

is established as a Viking settlement on the

River Boyne The River Boyne ( ga, An Bhóinn or ''Abhainn na Bóinne'') is a river in Leinster, Ireland, the course of which is about long. It rises at Trinity Well, Newberry Hall, near Carbury, County Kildare, and flows towards the Northeast through C ...

. ;911 or 914 *A large Viking fleet arrives in

Waterford "Waterford remains the untaken city" , mapsize = 220px , pushpin_map = Ireland#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Ireland##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates ...

and a second period of Viking raids begins.''The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland.'' Foster, RF. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 1989 The Vikings also established a base in Waterford. ;916 * 25 May: death of Flann Sinna (b 847 or 848), the son of

Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid Máel Sechnaill mac Máel Ruanaida (Modern Irish: ''Maolsheachlann Mac Maolruanaidh''), also known as Máel Sechnaill I, anglicised as Malachy MacMulrooney (died 27 November 862) was High King of Ireland. The Annals of Ulster use the Old Irish ti ...

Clann Cholmáin Clann Cholmáin is the dynasty descended from Colmán Már mac Diarmato, son of Diarmait mac Cerbaill. Part of the Southern Uí Néill — they were the kings of Mide (Meath) — they traced their descent to Niall Noígiallach and his s ...

, a branch of the southern

Uí Néill The Uí Néill (Irish pronunciation: ; meaning "descendants of Niall") are Irish dynasties who claim descent from Niall Noígíallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), a historical King of Tara who died c. 405. They are generally divided into the ...

. He was King of Mide from 877 onwards, following

Donnchad mac Eochocain Donnchadh () is a masculine given name common to the Irish and Scottish Gaelic languages. It is composed of the elements ''donn'', meaning "brown" or "dark" from Donn a Gaelic God; and ''chadh'', meaning "chief" or "noble". The name is also written ...

, and is counted as a

High King of Ireland High King of Ireland ( ga, Ardrí na hÉireann ) was a royal title in Gaelic Ireland held by those who had, or who are claimed to have had, lordship over all of Ireland. The title was held by historical kings and later sometimes assigned ana ...

* Death of

Mór ingen Cearbhaill Mór ingen Cearbhaill, daughter of the Cerball mac Dúnlainge king of Osraige. She became queen of Laigin; she died in 916. The ''Annals of the Four Masters'', ''sub anno'' 916, say of her, "Mor, daughter of Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, Queen of So ...

, Queen of

Laigin The Laigin, modern spelling Laighin (), were a Gaelic population group of early Ireland. They gave their name to the Kingdom of Leinster, which in the medieval era was known in Irish as ''Cóiced Laigen'', meaning "Fifth/province of the Leinsterm ...

. ;917 * The

Annals of Ulster The ''Annals of Ulster'' ( ga, Annála Uladh) are annals of medieval Ireland. The entries span the years from 431 AD to 1540 AD. The entries up to 1489 AD were compiled in the late 15th century by the scribe Ruaidhrí Ó Luinín, ...

records the arrival of two Viking fleets in Ireland in 917, one led by

Ragnall Ragnall is a village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England. At the time of the 2001 census it had a population of 102, increasing to 146 at the 2011 census. It is located on the A57 road one mile west of the River Trent. The parish churc ...

and the other by

Sigtrygg Sigtrygg (''Sigtryggr'') is an Old Norse given name, composed of the elements ''sig'' "victory" and ''trygg'' "trusty, true". It is cognate with the Anglo-Saxon Sihtric. In Norse-Gaelic Ireland (9th to 11th centuries) rendered as ''Sitric'' or ' ...

, both of the Uí Ímair kindred. They fought a battle against Niall Glundub in which the Irish were routed, and according to the annals Sigtrygg then "entered Áth Cliath", i.e. Dublin, which we must assume means that he took possession of it. Ragnall

Uí Ímair The Uí Ímair (; meaning ‘''scions of Ivar’''), also known as the Ivar Dynasty or Ivarids was a royal Norse-Gael dynasty which ruled much of the Irish Sea region, the Kingdom of Dublin, the western coast of Scotland, including the Hebrides ...

went on to

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the ...

, and then conquered York and became king there. ;919 *Niall Glúndub, overking of the Uí Néill, killed in the battle of Dublin. He fell fighting the Dublin Norse at Islandbridge.

920s

;922 *The Vikings establish a Longphort in

Limerick Limerick ( ; ga, Luimneach ) is a western city in Ireland situated within County Limerick. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. With a population of 94,192 at the 2016 ...

. *Death of Muiredach Mac Domhnaill, abbot of

Monasterboice The Monasterboice ( ga, Mainistir Bhuithe) ruins are the remains of an early Christian monastic settlement in County Louth in Ireland, north of Drogheda. The ruins are a National monument of Ireland and also give their name to the local villag ...

, under whose auspices the great high cross was made. ;925 *Death of

Tadg mac Cathail Tadg mac Cathail (died 956) was King of Connacht. References * '' Leabhar na nGenealach'', Dublin, 2004–2005 * ''Annals of the Four Masters'', ed. John O'Donovan, Dublin, 1856 * ''Annals of Lough Ce'', ed. W.M. Hennessey, London, 1871. * '' ...

. ;926 or 941 *

Brian Boru Brian Boru ( mga, Brian Bóruma mac Cennétig; modern ga, Brian Bóramha; 23 April 1014) was an Irish king who ended the domination of the High King of Ireland, High Kingship of Ireland by the Uí Néill and probably ended Viking invasion/domi ...

(d.1014), future High King of Ireland is thought to have been born in 926 or in 941. ;927 *Death of

Sigtrygg Caech Sigtrygg (''Sigtryggr'') is an Old Norse given name, composed of the elements ''sig'' "victory" and ''trygg'' "trusty, true". It is cognate with the Anglo-Saxon Sihtric. In Norse-Gaelic Ireland (9th to 11th centuries) rendered as ''Sitric'' or '' ...

(or ''Sihtric''), a Norse-Gael

King of Dublin Vikings invaded the territory around Dublin in the 9th century, establishing the Norse Kingdom of Dublin, the earliest and longest-lasting Norse kingdom in Ireland. Its territory corresponded to most of present-day County Dublin. The Norse refe ...

who later reigned as king of

York York is a cathedral city with Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. It is the historic county town of Yorkshire. The city has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a ...

. His epithet means the 'Squinty'. He belonged to the

kindred. ;928 *Viking massacre of native Irish in Dunmore Caves in

County Kilkenny County Kilkenny ( gle, Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the South-East Region. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the cou ...

930s

;936 * Death of

, 32nd King of

940s

;944 *Death of Donnchad Donn mac Flainn, King of Mide; he is succeeded by Oengus mac Donnchada.

950s

;956 *Death of Congalach Cnogba, High King of Ireland, of the

Síl nÁedo Sláine Síl nÁedo Sláine () are the descendants of Áed Sláine (Áed mac Diarmato), son of Diarmait mac Cerbaill. Part of the Southern Uí Néill—they were the kings of Brega—they claimed descent from Niall Noígiallach and his son Conall ...

, part of the Southern Uí Néill.

Domnall ua Néill Domhnall ua Néill (old spelling: ''Domnall ua Néill''; anglicised as Donal O'Neill) (died 980) was High King of Ireland from 956 to 980. Domnall was the son of Muirchertach mac Néill, and grandson of Niall Glúndub, a member of the Cenél nE ...

becomes overking of the Uí Néill and reigns until his death in 980.

960s

;960 *

Gormflaith (modern spelling: or ) is an Irish language female given name meaning "blue princess" or "illustrious princess". is also a Gaelic mythological personification of Ireland. The word ' is a compound of the Irish words ' ("blue") and ' ("soverei ...

was born in

Naas Naas ( ; ga, Nás na Ríogh or ) is the county town of County Kildare in Ireland. In 2016, it had a population of 21,393, making it the second largest town in County Kildare after Newbridge. History The name of Naas has been recorded in th ...

County Kildare County Kildare ( ga, Contae Chill Dara) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It is named after the town of Kildare. Kildare County Council is the local authority for the county, ...

. She was the daughter of Murchad mac Find,

. She was also the mother of King

Sigtrygg Silkbeard Sigtrygg II Silkbeard Olafsson (also Sihtric, SitricÓ Corráin, p. 123 and Sitrick in Irish texts; or SigtrygWinn, p. 46 and SigtryggrMac Manus, p. 278 in Scandinavian texts) was a Hiberno-Norse king of Dublin (possibly AD 989–994; restored ...

of Dublin. *Death of

Murchadh mac Aodha Murchadh mac Aodha (died 960) was 33rd King of Uí Maine. Reign and events Murchadh's reign is obscure. Some of the events recorded in Uí Maine, Connacht and Ireland during his lifetime include: * ''940.Cluain-mic-Nois (Clonmacnoise) and Cill ...

, 33rd King of

. ;964 * Mathgamain mac Cennetig, leader of the

Dál gCais The Dalcassians ( ga, Dál gCais ) are a Gaelic Irish clan, generally accepted by contemporary scholarship as being a branch of the Déisi Muman, that became very powerful in Ireland during the 10th century. Their genealogies claimed descent fr ...

from east

Clare Clare may refer to: Places Antarctica * Clare Range, a mountain range in Victoria Land Australia * Clare, South Australia, a town in the Clare Valley * Clare Valley, South Australia Canada * Clare (electoral district), an electoral district * Cl ...

, captures Cashel from the

Eóganachta The Eóganachta or Eoghanachta () were an Irish dynasty centred on Cashel which dominated southern Ireland (namely the Kingdom of Munster) from the 6/7th to the 10th centuries, and following that, in a restricted form, the Kingdom of Desmond, an ...

. ;968 *

Battle of Sulcoit The Battle of Sulcoit was fought in the year 968 between the Gaelic Ireland, Irish of the Dál gCais, led by Brian Boru, and the Vikings of Limerick, led by Ivar of Limerick. It was a victory for the Dál gCais and marked the end of Norse expan ...

where Brian Boru and Mathgamain defeat

Ivar of Limerick Ivar of Limerick ( ga, Ímar Luimnich, rí Gall; Ímar ua Ímair; Ímar Ua hÍmair, Ard Rí Gall Muman ocus Gáedel; Íomhar Mór; non, Ívarr ; died 977), was the last Norse king of the city-state of Limerick, and penultimate ''King of the For ...

970s

;970 *A hoard of 43 silver and bronze items was left in a rocky cleft deep in Dunmore Caves near

Kilkenny Kilkenny (). is a city in County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is located in the South-East Region and in the province of Leinster. It is built on both banks of the River Nore. The 2016 census gave the total population of Kilkenny as 26,512. Kilken ...

. It consisted of silver, ingots and conical buttons woven from fine silver and was discovered in 1999. ;976 *Mathgamain, leader of the Dál gCais from east Clare, is killed. *Death of Muirchertach mac Mael Sechnaill, King of Mide. ;977 *

Brian Bóruma Brian Boru ( mga, Brian Bóruma mac Cennétig; modern ga, Brian Bóramha; 23 April 1014) was an Irish king who ended the domination of the High King of Ireland, High Kingship of Ireland by the Uí Néill and probably ended Viking invasion/domi ...

has Ivar of Limerick killed. ;977/8 *Brian Bóruma defeats the last independent Norse of Limerick in the

Battle of Cathair Cuan The Battle of Cathair Cuan refers to a perhaps extended conflict fought in or between 977 and 978, or simply to a single battle in one or the other year, in Munster in Ireland. Attacking were Brian Bóruma and the Dál gCais, while defending ...

. ;978 *Brian Bóruma defeats

Máel Muad mac Brain Máel Muad mac Brain (died 978), commonly anglicised Molloy, was King of Munster, first possibly from 959 Green, p. 362 or alternatively 963 to around 970, when he may have been deposed (usurped) by Mathgamain mac Cennétig of the Dál gCais, and ...

in the

Battle of Belach Lechta The Battle of Belach Lechta or Bealach Leachta was a major battle fought in Munster in 978 between Máel Muad mac Brain, King of Munster, and Brian Bóruma. In the battle, the king was killed and Bóruma took over the role as the ''de facto'' ...

and becomes

; death of Máel Muad mac Brain.

980s

;980 *Death of Domnall ua Néill, overking of the Uí Néill, who had reigned since 956: he is succeeded by Mael Seachnaill II, who reigned until his death in 1022''The Concise History of Ireland.'' Duffy, S. Gill & Macmillan, Dublin. 2005 * Battle of Tara, at which Mael Seachnaill II defeats a Viking army from Dublin. ;981 *Mael Seachnaill II besieges and takes the city of Dublin from the Vikings and imposes a heavy tribute on them. ;982 *The King of Munster, Brian Boru starts extending his authority from his base around

up the

River Shannon The River Shannon ( ga, Abhainn na Sionainne, ', '), at in length, is the longest river in the British Isles. It drains the Shannon River Basin, which has an area of , – approximately one fifth of the area of the island of Ireland. The Shan ...

. By doing so, he comes into conflict with High King Mael Seachnaill II whose power base is the Province of Meath. It is that start of a conflict that lasts until 997. ;985 *Death of Muirgus mac Domnaill, 35th King of

. ;986 *Death of

Mór ingen Donnchadha Mór ingen Donnchadha was the Queen of Ireland. She died in 986 Year 986 ( CMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * August 17 &nd ...

, Queen of Ireland ;989 *Sigtrygg Silkbeard becomes King of Dublin

990s

;990 * Castlekeeran raided by the Vikings. ;997 *Brian Boru and Mael Seachnaill II divide Ireland between them * ;998 *King

Mael Mordha Mael may refer to: People * Maël, a Celtic given name * Maël (saint), fifth-century Breton saint * Ron Mael (born 1945), American musician, member of the band Sparks * Russell Mael (born 1948), American musician, member of the band Sparks Ficti ...

of Leinster, rebelled against the High King of Ireland, Brian Boru. ;999 *Brian Boru defeats the Leinstermen and the Vikings at the

Battle of Glenn Mama The Battle of Glenn Máma or Glenmama ( ga, Cath Ghleann Máma, The Battle of "The Glen of the Gap") took place most probably near Lyons Hill in Ardclough, County Kildare, Ireland, in AD 999The Battle of Glenn Mama, Dublin and the High Kings ...

. Sigtrygg Silkbeard, King of Dublin, submits to him. Brian plunders the city. *Death of

Muirgheas mac Aedh Muirgheas mac Aedh (died 999 999 or triple nine most often refers to: * 999 (emergency telephone number), a telephone number for the emergency services in several countries * 999 (number), an integer * AD 999, a year * 999 BC, a year Books * ...

, king of

Uí Díarmata Uí Díarmata was a local kingdom located in what is now north County Galway. Origins The ruling dynasty took its name from King Diarmait Finn of Connacht (died 833), and the territory in turn was named after them. It seems to have been created ...

1000s

;1000 *Brian Boru led a combined Munster-Leinster-Dublin army in an attack on High King Máel Sechnaill II's home province of Meath.

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:10th Century In Ireland