''96° in the Shade'' is the second album by the

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...

reggae Reggae () is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s. The term also denotes the modern popular music of Jamaica and its diaspora. A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals, " Do the Reggay" was the first popular song to use ...

group

Third World The term "Third World" arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Warsaw Pact. The United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Western European nations and their allies represented the " First ...

, released by

Island Records Island Records is a multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall, and Leslie Kong in Jamaica, and was eventually sold to PolyGram in 1989. Island and A&M Records, anoth ...

in 1977. The title track, “1865 (96 Degrees in the Shade)”, refers to the year of the

Morant Bay rebellion The Morant Bay Rebellion (11 October 1865) began with a protest march to the courthouse by hundreds of people led by preacher Paul Bogle in Morant Bay, Jamaica. Some were armed with sticks and stones. After seven men were shot and killed by th ...

, headed by the

Baptist Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only (believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compete ...

deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian churches, such as the Catholic Churc ...

and

preacher A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people. Less common are preachers who preach on the street, or those whose message is not necessarily religious, but who preach components such as a ...

Paul Bogle Paul Bogle (1822– 24 October 1865)Dugdale-Pointon, T. Military History Encyclopedia good on the Web, 22 September 2008. was a Jamaican Baptist deacon and activist. He is a National Hero of Jamaica. He was a leader of the 1865 Morant Bay pr ...

. Although the rebellion failed, the song makes clear that Bogle’s actions reverberated across Jamaican history. The song has “simmering, rootsy beat, subtly infectious melody, lovely guitar work and potent lyrics.”

Reception

The album "was an enormous critical success in the U.K. and Europe, and spawned an all-time classic single in the title track," writes Steve Huey of AllMusic. The album introduced two new band members, the new drummer Willie "Roots" Stewart and new lead singer William Clarke, aka

Bunny Rugs William Alexander Anthony "Bunny Rugs" Clark , OD (6 February 1948 – 2 February 2014), also known as Bunny Scott, was the lead singer of Jamaican reggae band Third World as well as a solo artist. He began his career in the mid-1960s and wa ...

Track listing

Track listing in Discogs:

Personnel

;Third World *

- vocals * Michael "Ibo" Cooper - keyboards *Steven "Cat" Coore - lead guitar *Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett - percussions *Richard "Richie" Daley - bass *Willie Stewart - drums with: * Chris Wood - soprano saxophone on "Feel a Little Better" *Donald "Satta" Manning - chant on "Rhythm of Life" *Background noises on "Human Market Place" recorded at Coronation Market, Jamaica by Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett

Production

*Produced by Third World. *Cover painting by Tony Wright.Tony Wright – Artwork Album Covers
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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:96 In The Shade Third World (band) albums 1977 albums Island Records albums