Wenceslaus I Duke of Bohemia equestrian statue in Prague 1

Year 935 ( CMXXXV) was a

common year starting on Thursday A common year starting on Thursday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Thursday, 1 January, and ends on Thursday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is D. The most recent year of such kind was 2015 and the next one ...

(link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

* Spring – Arnulf I ("the Bad") of Bavaria invades Italy, crossing through the Upper Adige (modern Tyrol). He proceeds towards Verona to join his supporters. King

Hugh of Provence Hugh (c. 880–947), known as Hugh of Arles or Hugh of Provence, was the king of Italy from 926 until his death. He belonged to the Bosonid family. During his reign, he empowered his relatives at the expense of the aristocracy and tried to estab ...

takes a

Burgundian Burgundian can refer to any of the following: *Someone or something from Burgundy. *Burgundians, an East Germanic tribe, who first appear in history in South East Europe. Later Burgundians colonised the area of Gaul that is now known as Burgundy (F ...

army against him, and defeats Arnulf at

Gossolengo Gossolengo ( egl, label= Piacentino, Uslëing or ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about northwest of Bologna and about southwest of Piacenza, in the valley of the Trebbia ...

, forcing him to return to Bavaria. * Summer – Caliph Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah dispatches a Fatimid naval expedition under Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi to raid the coast of Provence and Liguria, sacking Genoa on 16 August and attacking

Pisa Pisa ( , or ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for its leaning tower, the cit ...

. Ya'qub also raids

Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of ...

and Sardinia before returning to Mahdia with some 8,000 prisoners. *

September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...

– Duke Wenceslaus I of

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...

(the subject of the

1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...

Christmas carol " Good King Wenceslas") is murdered by a group of

nobles Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristi ...

led by his brother Boleslaus I ("the Cruel"), who succeeds him. * Córdoba, capital of Al-Andalus, becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Baghdad, capital of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Africa

* Summer – Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid is appointed governor and becomes the ruler of Egypt and parts of

Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...

(or the Levant). He launches a campaign against his rival

Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh ( ar, أحمد بن كيغلغ) was an Abbasid military officer of Turkic origin who served as governor in Syria and Egypt. He was ousted as governor of Egypt by Muhammad ibn Tughj in 935. Life In November 903 he particip ...

by land and sea: the naval forces take

Tinnis Tennis or Tinnīs ( arz, تنيس, cop, ⲑⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲓ) was a medieval city in Egypt which no longer exists. It was most prosperous from the 9th century to the 11th century until its abandonment. It was located at 31°12′N 32°14′E, o ...

, and ibn Kayghalagh is forced to retreat. Ibn Tughj enters Fustat, making it his capital, and founds the

Ikhshidid Dynasty The Ikhshidid dynasty (, ) was a Turkic mamluk dynasty who ruled Egypt and the Levant from 935 to 969. Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, a Turkic mamluk soldier, was appointed governor by the Abbasid Caliph al-Radi. The dynasty carried the Arabic t ...

. *

Ziri ibn Manad Ziri ibn Manad or Ziri son of Mennad (died in 971) was the founder of the Zirid dynasty in the Maghreb. Ziri ibn Mennad was a chief of the Takalata branch of the Sanhajah confederation, to which the Kutama Berbers belonged located in the Central M ...

is installed as governor of central Maghreb. He initiates the construction of the fortress of Ashir, near Médéa (modern Algeria). It symbolises the rise of the Zirid Dynasty in the Western Mediterranean region.Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518)''. Paris: La Découverte, p. 43.

Arabian Empire

* Emir Mardavij ibn Ziyar is murdered by

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

slaves. He is succeeded by his brother and general

Vushmgir Zahir al-Dawla Vushmgir ( fa, ظهیرالدوله وشمگیر), mostly known as Vushmgir (also spelled as Voshmgir, Voshmger, Wushmgir, Wushmagir and Washmgir), was the second Ziyarid emir who ruled from 935 until his death in December 967. He w ...

, who is crowned as the new Ziyarid ruler in

Rey Rey may refer to: *Rey (given name), a given name *Rey (surname), a surname * Rey (''Star Wars''), a character in the ''Star Wars'' films * Rey, Iran, a city in Iran * Ray County, in Tehran Province of Iran * ''Rey'' (film), a 2015 Indian film *The ...

(modern Iran).

Asia

* King Gyeongsun, the last ruler of the

Kingdom of Silla Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of K ...

, formally surrenders and abdicates in favour of

Taejo of Goryeo Taejo of Goryeo (31 January 877 – 4 July 943), also known as Taejo Wang Geon (; ), was the founder of the Goryeo dynasty, which ruled Korea from the 10th to the 14th century. Taejo ruled from 918 to 943, achieving unification of the Later Three ...

. This completes Taejo's unification of Korea, bringing the

Silla Dynasty Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of Ko ...

to an end. * Ki no Tsurayuki returns to Kyoto from

Tosa Province was a province of Japan in the area of southern Shikoku. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Tosa''" in . Tosa bordered on Awa to the northeast, and Iyo to the northwest. Its abbreviated form name was . In terms of the Gokishichidō syste ...

, a journey that becomes the basis of the earliest surviving Japanese poetic diary, called the ''

Tosa Nikki The ''Tosa Nikki'' (''Tosa Diary'' 土佐日記) is a poetic diary written anonymously by the tenth-century Japanese poet Ki no Tsurayuki. The text details a 55-day journey in 935 returning to Kyoto from Tosa province, where Tsurayuki had been the ...

'' (''Tosa Diary''). * King Gyeon Hwon of Hubaekje is overthrown by his eldest son

Gyeon Singeom Gyeon Singeom (; ? – September 936, r. 15 November 935 – 936) was the second and final king of Hubaekje, one of the Later Three Kingdoms of Korea. He came to the throne after conspiring with his two brothers, Yanggeom and Yonggeom, to overthr ...

and put in prison, but he is able to escape.

By topic

Religion

* Winter –

Pope John XI Pope John XI ( la, Ioannes XI; c. 910 – December 935) was the bishop of Rome and nominal ruler of the Papal States from March 931 to his death. The true ruler of Rome at the time was his mother, Marozia, followed by his brother Alberic II. Hi ...

, the son of '' de facto'' Roman ruler

Marozia Marozia, born Maria and also known as Mariuccia or Mariozza ( 890 – 937), was a Roman noblewoman who was the alleged mistress of Pope Sergius III and was given the unprecedented titles ''senatrix'' ("senatoress") and ''patricia'' of Rome by ...

, dies at Rome after a four-year reign.

Births

Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad ʿAbd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbar al-Hamadani al-Asadabadi, Abu ʿl-Hasan (935 – 1025) was a Mu'tazilite theologian, and a reported follower of the Shafi‘i school. Abd al-Jabbar means "servant of the powerful." He was born in Asada ...

, Mu'tazilite theologian (d.

1025 Year 1025 (Roman numerals, MXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * December 15 – Byzantine Emperor Basil II ("Bulgar Slayer") di ...

) * Eochaid ua Flannacáin, Irish cleric and poet (d.

1004 Year 1004 ( MIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Battle of Skopje: Emperor Basil II defeats the Bulgarian forces near Skopje (modern ...

) *

Elvira Ramírez Elvira Ramírez (''c''. 935 – aft. 986) was a Leonese princess who served as regent of the kingdom between 962 and 975 during the minority of her nephew Ramiro III of León. Childhood Born about 935, she was the daughter of the King Ramiro II of ...

, princess and regent of León (approximate date) * Folcuin, Frankish abbot of

Saint Bertin Bertin ( la, Bertinus; 615 – ''c''. 709 AD), also known as Saint Bertin the Great, was the Frankish abbot of a monastery in Saint-Omer later named the Abbey of Saint Bertin after him. He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic and Orthodox Ch ...

(approximate date) *

Gao Qiong Gao Qiong (高琼, 935 - December 26, 1006), born in Bozhou Mengcheng (now Anhui Mengcheng County). Northern Song Dynasty general. Zhong-Wu military governor. Gao conducted many military exploits. Experience Gao Qiong's ancestry was living in Ya ...

, Chinese general and governor ('' jiedushi'') (d.

1006 Year 1006 ( MVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Summer – An Arab Saracen fleet appears before Pisa, but departs again. The Pisans take ...

) * Gerard of Toul, German priest and bishop (d. 994) *

Hrosvitha Hrotsvitha (c. 935–973) was a secular canoness who wrote drama and Christian poetry under the Ottonian dynasty. She was born in Bad Gandersheim to Saxon nobles and entered Gandersheim Abbey as a canoness. She is considered the first female w ...

, German canoness and poet (approximate date) * Michitsuna no Haha, Japanese female poet (d. 995) *

Ukhtanes of Sebastia Ukhtanes of Sebastia ( hy, Ուխտանես Սեբաստացի, ''Ukhtanes Sebastatsi'') (c. 935-1000) was an Armenian historian and prelate. Educated at the Monastery of Narek under the tutelage of its founder Anania, he eventually attained to the ...

, Armenian historian (d.

1000 1000 or thousand may refer to: * 1000 (number), a natural number * AD 1000, a leap year in the Julian calendar * 1000 BC, a year of the Before Christ era * 1000 metres, a middle-distance running event * 1000°, a German electronic dance music magazi ...

) *

Wulfrun __NOTOC__ Wulfrun(a) (-) was an Anglo-Saxon (early English) noble woman of Mercia and a landowner who held estates in Staffordshire. Today she is particularly remembered for her association with ''Hēatūn'', Anglo-Saxon for "high or principal ...

, English noblewoman (approximate date)

Deaths

January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...

– Ma, empress of Southern Han *

– Wenceslaus I, duke of

* October 24 – Li Yu, Chinese official and chancellor * November 17 ** Chen Jinfeng, empress of Min (b.

893 __FORCETOC__ Year 893 ( DCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Vladimir, ruler (''khan'') of the Bulgarian Empire, is dethroned by his fat ...

) **

Wang Yanjun Wang Yanjun () (died November 17, 935), known as Wang Lin (王鏻 or 王璘) from 933 to 935, formally Emperor Huizong of Min (), used the name of Xuanxi () while briefly being a Taoist monk, was the third ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and T ...

, emperor of Min ( Ten Kingdoms) *

Dai Siyuan Dai Siyuan (戴思遠) (died 935) was a Chinese military general and politician of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period Later Liang state, serving for several years as the supreme commander of the Later Liang forces against its archri ...

, general of

Later Liang Later Liang may refer to the following states in Chinese history: * Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) (後涼; 386–403), one of the Sixteen Kingdoms * Western Liang (555–587), also known as Later Liang (後梁), a state during the Southern and Nor ...

( Five Dynasties) *

Govinda IV Govinda IV (reigned 930–935 CE) was the younger brother of Amoghavarsha II. He became the Rashtrakuta emperor in 930 as described in the Kalasa record of Chikmagalur. He was a very unpopular ruler who indulged in licentious acts.Reu (1933), p ...

, ruler of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty ( India) *

Gruffydd ab Owain Gruffydd ab Owain (died ) was a joint king of Glywysing in Wales along with his brother Cadwgan. His other brother Morgan ruled in Gwent. His death was recorded in the ''Annals of Wales''.The Annals of Wales The (Latin for ''Annals of Wale ...

, king of Glywysing (approximate date) * John XI, pope of the Catholic Church (approximate date) * Li Yichao, Chinese warlord and governor (''jiedushi'') * Mardavij ibn Ziyar, founder of the

Ziyarid Dynasty The Ziyarid dynasty ( fa, زیاریان) was an Iranian dynasty of Gilaki origin that ruled Tabaristan from 931 to 1090 during the Iranian Intermezzo period. The empire rose to prominence during the leadership of Mardavij. After his death, his ...

( Iran) * Niftawayh, Abbasid scholar and grammarian (b.

858 __NOTOC__ Year 858 ( DCCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Summer – King Louis the German, summoned by the disaffected Frankish ...

) *

Shahid Balkhi Shahid Balkhi (or Shuhayd; fa, شهید بلخی, Shahīd-e Balkhī; died 927) was a scribe, philosopher and poet active in the Chaghaniyan and Samanid courts. He is notable being for one of the first composers of New Persian poetry. Life The mo ...

, Persian

philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...

and poet * Trpimir II, king of Croatia (approximate date) * Werner V, Frankish nobleman (approximate date) *

Yang Dongqian Yang Dongqian () (died 935''Book of Southern Han'' (南漢書)vol. 9), courtesy name Zhaoxuan (), was an official of the Southern Han dynasty of China, serving as a chancellor. Background It is not known when Yang Dongqian was born. His ancestor ...

, Chinese official and chancellor *

Zhao Feng Zhao Feng (; died 935) was a Chinese military general and politician of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Tang, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Mingzong. Background and life prior to Later Tan ...

, Chinese official and chancellor

References

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