The 60th Rifle Division () was an infantry division of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

during the

Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...

. Formed in mid-1919 as the 6th Consolidated Rifle Division but soon redesignated, it fought against the

Ukrainian People's Army The Ukrainian People's Army ( uk, Армія Української Народної Республіки), also known as the Ukrainian National Army (UNA) or as a derogatory term of Russian and Soviet historiography Petliurovtsy ( uk, Пет� ...

on the Southern Front, retreating north and taking heavy losses. In late 1919 it advanced southwest into western Ukraine, where it fought in the

Polish–Soviet War The Polish–Soviet War (Polish–Bolshevik War, Polish–Soviet War, Polish–Russian War 1919–1921) * russian: Советско-польская война (''Sovetsko-polskaya voyna'', Soviet-Polish War), Польский фронт (' ...

as part of the Southwestern Front in 1920. Postwar, the division was reduced to a brigade and merged into the 24th Rifle Division in April 1921.

History

The division was formed by orders of 20 and 25 July 1919 with the

14th Army Fourteenth Army or 14th Army may refer to: * 14th Army (German Empire), a World War I field Army * 14th Army (Wehrmacht), a World War II field army * Italian Fourteenth Army * Japanese Fourteenth Army, a World War II field army, in 1944 converted ...

as the 6th Consolidated Rifle Division from the 1st and 2nd Consolidated and 1st Ural Brigades. It was renumbered as the 60th Rifle Division on 10 August, and fought in defensive battles against the

on the left-bank of the

Dnieper } The Dnieper () or Dnipro (); , ; . is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and B ...

near

Kremenchug Kremenchuk (; uk, Кременчу́к, Kremenchuk ) is an industrial city in central Ukraine which stands on the banks of the Dnipro river, Dnipro River. The city serves as the Capital city, administrative center of the Kremenchuk Raion (Raio ...

, Zolotonosha, Yagotin,

Darnitsa Darnytskyi District ( uk, Дарницький район, ), is an urban district of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv. It is the southeastern district of Kyiv located on the left bank of Dnipro river. It borders the Holosiivskyi District of the city to ...

, Brovary, and Kozelets during August. It left the 14th Army on 14 August, being reduced to a rifle brigade due to heavy losses in September. The brigade was restored to division strength on 16 September with the personnel of the 2nd Penza and Kiev Fortress Brigades, joining the 12th Army on 16 September. It fought against the Ukrainian People's Army on the Desna between September and November. From November to February 1920 it fought in the recapture of Chernigov,

Bakhmach Bakhmach ( uk, Бахмач, lit=plantations, ) is a city located in Nizhyn Raion of Chernihiv Oblast (province), in northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Bakhmach urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It has a population of ...

Cherkassy Cherkasy ( uk, Черка́си, ) is a city in central Ukraine. Cherkasy is the capital of Cherkasy Oblast (province), as well as the administrative center of Cherkasky Raion (district) within the oblast. The city has a population of Ch ...

, and Kremenchug. The division transferred back to the 14th Army of the Southwestern Front on 13 February, and fought in the battles near Zhmerynka and

Vapniarka Vapniarka ( uk, Вапнярка), also known as Vapniarca, Vapnyarka, Wapnjarka or Wapniarka, is an urban-type settlement in Tulchyn Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, known since 1870 as a railroad station. Its name from the Ukrainian language tr ...

until April. It defended the line of the

Zbruch The Zbruch ( uk, Збруч, pl, Zbrucz) is a river in Western Ukraine, a left tributary of the Dniester.Збруч
...

and the Seret between May and August during the

. On 30 November the division briefly returned to the 12th Army as the 14th Army disbanded, but on 25 December joined the

Kiev Military District The Kiev Military District (; , abbreviated ) was a military district of the Imperial Russian Army and subsequently of the Red Army and Soviet Armed Forces. It was first formed in 1862, and was headquartered in Kiev (Kyiv) for most of its exist ...

after the former was itself disbanded. On 28 April 1921, by an order of the

, it was reduced to a brigade, which was incorporated into the 24th Rifle Division.

Commanders

The following commanders led the division: * D.A. Gebel (acting; 25 July–15 August 1919) * P.K. Marmuzov (15–20 August 1919) * G.F. Martynenko (20 August–7 September 1919) * A.K. Nikolayenko (acting; 7–11 September 1919) * N.G. Krapivyansky (11 September 1919–18 January 1920) * D.D. Pomazkin (18 January–7 March 1920) * P.S. Ivanov (7 March–6 October 1920) * L.F. Kryuchkovsky (6 October 1920–21 April 1921)

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * {{Soviet divisions of the Russian Civil War Soviet infantry divisions in the Russian Civil War Military units and formations established in 1919 Military units and formations disestablished in 1921