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Southwestern Front (RSFSR)
The Southwestern Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War and the Polish-Soviet War, which existed between January 10, 1920, and December 5, 1920. Before January 1920, it was named the Southern Front. Operations In January–February 1920, the Front forces, pursuing the retreating White forces of Denikin, successfully conducted the Odessa operation and occupied Odessa on February 7. By March 1 the Front reached the line Mozyr-Ovruch-Korosten-Letichev-Dniester River, but attempts to seize the Crimea, defended by the White Army under the command of General Yakov Slashchov, ended unsuccessfully. Then the Front troops acted on two strategic directions : the Western against Poland, and the Crimean against the Army of Wrangel. In April-May 1920, countering the advancing Polish troops, they left Mozyr, Ovruch, Korosten, Kiev and moved to the left bank of the Dnieper. In May and June, they launched a counteroffensive and successfully conducted the Kiev ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front (military Formation)
A front (russian: фронт, ''front'') is a type of military formation that originated in the Russian Empire, and has been used by the Polish Army, the Red Army, the Soviet Army, and Turkey. It is roughly equivalent to an army group in the military of most other countries. It varies in size but in general contains three to five Field army, armies. It should not be confused with the more general usage of ''Front (military), military front,'' describing a geographic area in wartime. Russian Empire After the outbreak of the First World War, the Russian Empire, Russian Stavka, General Headquarters set up two Fronts: Northwestern Front (Russian Empire), Northwestern Front, uniting forces deployed against German Empire, and Southwestern Front (Russian Empire), Southwestern Front, uniting forces deployed against Austria-Hungary. In August 1915, Northwestern Front was split into Northern Front (Russian Empire), Northern Front and Western Front (Russian Empire), Western Front. At th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kakhovka Bridgehead
The Northern Taurida operation (6 June – 3 November 1920) was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War between the Red Army and the Wrangel Russian Army for the possession of Northern Taurida. The campaign can be divided into 3 stages: the White offensive (6 June – 3 July), trench warfare around the Kakhovka Bridgehead (20 August – 27 October) and the counterattack of the Red Army (28 October – 3 November). Prelude In the course of the successive phases of the North Caucasus Operation in February-March 1920, the Red Army pushed the Armed Forces of South Russia out of the Northern Caucasus and Kuban. At the end of March, 35,000 White soldiers evacuated from Novorossiysk on British ships to Crimea. On 4 April 1920, Pyotr Wrangel became the new commander of the Armed Forces of South Russia and, on 11 May 1920, he reorganized it into the Russian Army. Realizing the huge advantage of the Reds in the Civil War, Wrangel decided to take offensive actions, using the Red Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Serebryakov
Leonid Petrovich Serebryakov (russian: Леонид Петрович Серебряков) (11 June 1890 – 1 February 1937) was a Russian Soviet politician and Bolshevik who became a victim of the Great Purge. Early life Born at Samara, the son of a metalworker, Serebryakov left school at 14 to operate a lathe in an engineering works in Lugansk. He joined the Bolsheviks at the age of 15, during the 1905 Revolution, and was arrested several times in 1905–07, and dismissed from his job because of his revolutionary activities. In 1908, he was exiled for two years to Vologda province. In 1910–11, after his release, he acted as an itinerant Bolshevik organiser, and was a delegate to the Prague Conference in January 1912, the first which excluded Mensheviks and anyone else who did not follow the line laid down by Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolsheviks. Returning to Samara in 1912, he was arrested and sentenced to three years exile in Narym. He escaped in 1913, and was sent by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reingold Berzin
Reingold is a name. Notable people with the name include: Last name * Arvin Reingold (1930-2020), American lawyer and politician * Babs Reingold, American artist * David Reingold (born 1968), American sociologist * Edward Reingold (born 1945), computer scientist * Isaac Reingold (born 1873), pen name of Isaac Tomim, Russian-born American poet, lyricist, and singer * Jeremy Reingold, South African swimmer and rugby player * Jonas Reingold (born 1969), Swedish bass guitar player * Louis Reingold (1874/75-1944), Yiddish playwright and journalist * Omer Reingold, computer scientist * Steven Reingold (born 1998), South African-born English former first-class cricketer * Svetlana Reingold, Israeli museologist and curator First name * Reingold Berzin (born 1888), Latvian teacher, later Latvian Riflemen and Soviet military leader * Reingold Gliere (born 1875), Ukrainian composer of German and Polish descent Other uses * Nathan Reingold Prize, See also * Rheingold (disambigua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Initially governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he consolidated power to become a dictator by the 1930s. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, he formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while his own policies are called Stalinism. Born to a poor family in Gori in the Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin attended the Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He edited the party's newspaper, ''Pravda'', and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings and protection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Yegorov (soldier)
Alexander Ilyich Yegorov or Egorov ( rus, Александр Ильич Егоров, Aleksandr Il'ich Yegórov) ( – February 23, 1939), was a Soviet military leader during the Russian Civil War, when he commanded the Red Army's Southern Front and played an important part in defeating the White forces in Ukraine. During the military purges of 1937–1938, the Soviet authorities accused him of treason and had him shot, but rehabilitated his reputation in the late 1950s. Early life Yegorov was born near Samara in central Russia, to a middle-class family. In 1901, after completing six classes of classical gymnasium in Samara, he joined the Imperial Russian Army, as a volunteer.Wieczorkiewicz. Page 466.Spahr. Page 53. Military career After graduating from Junkers school in Kazan in 1905, he was assigned to Transcaucasia, where he and his unit participated in suppressing protests in Tiflis, Baku and Gori, during the Russian Revolution of 1905. For his participation in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iona Yakir
Iona Emmanuilovich Yakir (russian: Ио́на Эммануи́лович Яки́р; 3 August 1896 – 12 June 1937) was a Red Army commander and one of the world's major military reformers between World War I and World War II. He was an early and major military victim of the Great Purge, alongside Mikhail Tukhachevsky. Early years Yakir was born in Chişinău, Kishinev, Bessarabia, Russian Empire, into the prosperous family of a Jewish pharmacist. He graduated from the local secondary school in 1914. Because of governmental restrictions on Jewish access to higher education, Yakir studied abroad at the University of Basel in Switzerland, in the field of chemistry. During World War I, he returned to the Russian Empire and worked as a turner in a military factory in Odessa, Ukraine (he was a reservist). From 1915 to 1917, he attended the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute", Kharkiv Technological Institute. He was affected by the war and became a foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortified Region
A fortified district or fortified region (russian: Укреплённый район, Укрепрайон, ukreplyonny raion, ukrepraion) in the military terminology of the Soviet Union, is a territory within which a complex system of defense fortifications was engineered. Each fortified district consisted of a large number of concrete bunkers (pillboxes) armed with machineguns, antitank guns and artillery. The bunkers were built in groups for mutual support, each group forming a centre of resistance. The area in between was filled with various barriers and obstacles, as well as mine fields. A dedicated military unit (Fortified district troops) was permanently assigned to man each region. The concept of ''ukrepraions'' was developed during the Russian Civil War, when large territories were to be defended by relatively sparse military force. The first military units named so appeared in 1923. In 1928 the program for the construction of the comprehensive system of fortified di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Army (RSFSR)
The 6th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, which was formed twice. First Formation The 6th Army was formed on 11 September 1918 in the region of the Arkhangelsk, Kotlas and Vyatsky districts. The headquarters were located in Vologda (September 1918 - February 1920) and later Arkhangelsk (March - April 1920). It was part of the Northern Front which fought against Entente troops and the White Northern Army which were based in Archangelsk and Murmansk. In September-October 1918, the Sixth Army operated on the routes leading from Arkhangelsk to Vologda and the Northern Dvina to Kotlas and Vyatka, preventing the unification of anti-Soviet forces operating in the European North and those under command of Alexander Kolchak in Siberia. In January 1919, the Sixth Army fought the Battle of Shenkursk and in April-November 1919, tried to liberate the railway line Vologda-Arkhangelsk, the Pechora River, Northern Dvina River Pinega River and Mezen River. Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Cavalry Army
The 2nd Cavalry Army (russian: 2-я Конная армия) was a cavalry army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. History It was created by an order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Southwestern Front on 16 July 1920 from the remnants of the 1st Cavalry Corps of Dmitry Zhloba, under the command of Oka Gorodovikov. The army, part of the Southwestern Front, included the 2nd, 16th, 20th, and 21st Cavalry Divisions and fielded about 5,500 men upon formation. In conjunction with the 13th Army, the 2nd Cavalry Army pushed the White Russian Army of General Pyotr Wrangel out of Alexandrovsk in July. It then fought in the Northern Taurida Operation during August, attacking the Russian Army bridgehead on the right bank of the Dnieper at Kakhovka. Filipp Mironov replaced Gorodovikov on 6 September. On the same day, the 20th Cavalry Division was disbanded and its troops used to reinforce the 2nd and 9th Cavalry Divisions. It was transferred to the reforme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Cavalry Army
__NOTOC__ The 1st Cavalry Army (russian: Первая конная армия, Pervaya konnaya armiya) was a prominent Red Army military formation. It was also known as "Budyonny's Cavalry Army" or simply as ''Konarmia'' (Кона́рмия, "Horsearmy"). History When the Russian Civil War broke out in 1918, a non-commissioned officer named Budyonny organized a small cavalry force in the Don region out of local Cossacks. This force rapidly grew in numbers, sided with the Bolsheviks and eventually became the 1st Cavalry Army. It was transformed from a guerrilla force into a proper military unit under the command of Semyon Budyonny, and the political guidance of Kliment Voroshilov, and at a crucial time too with the red army not doing particularly well in the southern front due to a lack of cavalry. This army played an important role in winning the Civil War for the Bolsheviks, driving the White General Anton Denikin back from his advance towards Moscow. In 1920 Budyonny's Cavalr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Army (RSFSR)
The 14th Army () was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War era. History The army was formed under the command of Kliment Voroshilov by an order of the Revolutionary Military Council on 4 June 1919 from the 2nd Ukrainian Soviet Army, part of the Southern Front (RSFSR), Southern Front. It initially included the 7th Ukrainian Soviet Division, 7th Ukrainian Rifle Division, and the Crimean Soviet Army was subordinated to it until July. From June, the army fought in fierce defense battles with the White movement, White Armed Forces of South Russia, and in its rear with the anarchist Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine in the Donbass and Left-bank Ukraine, Left-Bank Ukraine towards Yekaterinoslav, Poltava, and Sumy. On 26 June, the army became part of the Ukrainian Group of Forces of the Southern Front alongside the 12th Army (RSFSR), 12th Army, although this organization was abolished on 26 July after the latter was directly subordinated to the Commander-in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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