enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a 6'-deoxychalcone synthase () is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

:3 malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA + NADPH + H⁺

\rightleftharpoons

4 CoA + isoliquiritigenin + 3 CO₂ + NADP⁺ + H₂O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are

malonyl-CoA Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid. Functions It plays a key role in chain elongation in fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide biosynthesis. Fatty acid biosynthesis Malonyl-CoA provides 2-carbon units to fatty acids and commi ...

4-coumaroyl-CoA Coumaroyl-coenzyme A is the thioester of coenzyme-A and coumaric acid. Coumaroyl-coenzyme A is a central intermediate in the biosynthesis of myriad natural products found in plants. These products include Monolignol, lignols (precursors to lignin ...

NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NAD ...

, and H⁺, whereas its 5

products Product may refer to: Business * Product (business), an item that serves as a solution to a specific consumer problem. * Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution Mathematics * Produ ...

are CoA,

isoliquiritigenin Isoliquiritigenin is a phenolic chemical compound found in licorice. Metabolism The enzyme 6'-deoxychalcone synthase uses malonyl-CoA, 4-coumaroyl-CoA, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPH, and H+ to produce Coenzyme A, CoA, isoliqu ...

, CO₂, NADP⁺, and H₂O. Deoxychalcone synthase catalyzed activity is involved in the biosynthesis of

retrochalcone A retrochalcone is a chalcone-like compound in which the normally present hydroxy groups at the 2' and 6' positions are missing. The retrochalcone structure has a propenal bridge connected to two benzene rings at each end. The ring closest to the ox ...

and certain

phytoalexin Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances, some of which are antioxidative as well. They are defined, not by their having any particular chemical structure or character, but by the fact that they are defensively synthesized ''de novo'' by plants t ...

s in the cells of ''

Glycyrrhiza echinata ''Glycyrrhiza echinata'' is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Glycyrrhiza'', with various common names that include Chinese licorice, German licorice, and hedgehog licorice, Eastern European licorice, Hungarian licorice, Prickly licori ...

'' (Russian licorice) and other leguminous plants. This enzyme belongs to the family of

transferase A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of di ...

s, to be specific those

acyltransferase Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups. Examples include: * Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase * Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase *Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase In enzymology, a long-chain- ...

s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...

of this enzyme class is malonyl-CoA:4-coumaroyl-CoA malonyltransferase (cyclizing, reducing).

References

* EC 2.3.1 NADPH-dependent enzymes Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.3-enzyme-stub