40S ribosomal protein S27 also known as metallopan-stimulin 1 or MPS-1 is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RPS27''
gene.
Metallopanstimulin is a
zinc finger protein proposed to be involved
DNA repair as well as
oncogenesis.
Function
Ribosome
Ribosomes ( ) are macromolecular machines, found within all cells, that perform biological protein synthesis (mRNA translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules to ...
s, the
organelle
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. The name ''organelle'' comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence ''organelle,'' the ...
s that
catalyze protein synthesis
Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside Cell (biology), cells, homeostasis, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via Proteolysis, degradation or Protein targeting, export) through the product ...
, consist of a
small 40S subunit and a
large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a
ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S27E family of ribosomal proteins. It contains a C4-type
zinc finger domain that can bind to
zinc. The encoded protein has been shown to be able to bind to nucleic acid. It is located in the
cytoplasm as a ribosomal component, but it has also been detected in the
nucleus
Nucleus ( : nuclei) is a Latin word for the seed inside a fruit. It most often refers to:
*Atomic nucleus, the very dense central region of an atom
*Cell nucleus, a central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing most of the cell's DNA
Nucle ...
. Studies in rat indicate that ribosomal protein S27 is located near ribosomal protein S18 in the 40S subunit and is covalently linked to translation initiation factor
eIF3. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed
pseudogene
Pseudogenes are nonfunctional segments of DNA that resemble functional genes. Most arise as superfluous copies of functional genes, either directly by DNA duplication or indirectly by Reverse transcriptase, reverse transcription of an mRNA trans ...
s of this gene dispersed through the genome.
Clinical significance
Its expression is increased in several types of malignancy and MPS levels have been reported to drop with treatment of some
cancers. It has also been used as a target for some
chemotherapies, which aim to
chelate out the zinc from the zinc finger motif of the MPS, thus yielding it inactive. These therapies have shown promise for the treatment of cancer in laboratory experiments and some limited
clinical trials. Head and neck cancer transfected to overexpress this protein have demonstrated suppressed growth.
References
Further reading
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Ribosomal proteins
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