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Pre-1600

*
475 __NOTOC__ Year 475 (Roman numerals, CDLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Zeno without colleague (or, less freque ...
– The
Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...
general
Orestes In Greek mythology, Orestes or Orestis (; grc-gre, Ὀρέστης ) was the son of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon, and the brother of Electra. He is the subject of several Ancient Greek plays and of various myths connected with his madness and ...
forces western Roman Emperor
Julius Nepos Julius Nepos (died 9 May 480), or simply Nepos, ruled as Roman emperor of the West from 24 June 474 to 28 August 475. After losing power in Italy, Nepos retreated to his home province of Dalmatia, from which he continued to claim the western i ...
to flee his
capital city A capital city or capital is the municipality holding primary status in a country, state, province, Department (country subdivision), department, or other subnational entity, usually as its seat of the government. A capital is typically a city ...
,
Ravenna Ravenna ( , , also ; rgn, Ravèna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire from 408 until its collapse in 476. It then served as the cap ...
. * 489
Theodoric Theodoric is a Germanic given name. First attested as a Gothic name in the 5th century, it became widespread in the Germanic-speaking world, not least due to its most famous bearer, Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. Overview The name ...
, king of the
Ostrogoths The Ostrogoths ( la, Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were a Roman-era Germanic peoples, Germanic people. In the 5th century, they followed the Visigoths in creating one of the two great Goths, Gothic kingdoms within the Roman Empire, based upon the larg ...
, defeats
Odoacer Odoacer ( ; – 15 March 493 AD), also spelled Odovacer or Odovacar, was a soldier and statesman of barbarian background, who deposed the child emperor Romulus Augustulus and became Rex/Dux (476–493). Odoacer's overthrow of Romulus Augustul ...
at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way into Italy. *
632 __NOTOC__ Year 632 ( DCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 632 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
Fatimah Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, th ...
, daughter of the Islamic prophet
Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد;  570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...
, dies, with her cause of death being a controversial topic among the
Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...
Muslims and
Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...
Muslims. *
663 __NOTOC__ Year 663 ( DCLXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 663 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
Silla Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of K ...
Tang Tang or TANG most often refers to: * Tang dynasty * Tang (drink mix) Tang or TANG may also refer to: Chinese states and dynasties * Jin (Chinese state) (11th century – 376 BC), a state during the Spring and Autumn period, called Tang (唐) b ...
armies crush the
Baekje Baekje or Paekche (, ) was a Korean kingdom located in southwestern Korea from 18 BC to 660 AD. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. Baekje was founded by Onjo, the third son of Goguryeo's founder Jum ...
restoration attempt and force Yamato Japan to withdraw from Korea in the
Battle of Baekgang The Battle of Baekgang or Battle of Baekgang-gu, also known as Battle of Hakusukinoe ( ja, 白村江の戦い, Hakusuki-no-e no Tatakai / Hakusonkō no Tatakai) in Japan, as Battle of Baijiangkou ( zh, c=白江口之战, p=Bāijiāngkǒu Zhīzh ...
. *
1189 Year 1189 ( MCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. In English law, 1189 - specifically the beginning of the reign of Richard I - is considered the end of time immemorial. ...
Third Crusade The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by ...
: The Crusaders begin the
Siege of Acre Siege of Acre may refer to: * Siege of Acre (1104), following the First Crusade *Siege of Acre (1189–1191), during the Third Crusade * Siege of Acre (1263), Baibars laid siege to the Crusader city, but abandoned it to attack Nazareth. *Siege of A ...
under
Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan (c. 1150 – 18 July 1194) was a French Poitevin knight, son of Hugh VIII of Lusignan and as such born of the House of Lusignan. He was king of Jerusalem from 1186 to 1192 by right of marriage to Sibylla of Jerusalem, and King o ...
. *
1521 1521 ( MDXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1521st year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 521st year of the 2nd millennium, the 21st year ...
Ottoman wars in Europe A series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states took place from the Late Middle Ages up through the early 20th century. The earliest conflicts began during the Byzantine–Ottoman wars, waged in Anatolia in ...
: The
Ottoman Turks The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922). Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...
occupy
Belgrade Belgrade ( , ;, ; Names of European cities in different languages: B, names in other languages) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers a ...
. *
1524 __NOTOC__ Year 1524 ( MDXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 17 – Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano, on board '' La ...
– The Kaqchikel
Maya Maya may refer to: Civilizations * Maya peoples, of southern Mexico and northern Central America ** Maya civilization, the historical civilization of the Maya peoples ** Maya language, the languages of the Maya peoples * Maya (Ethiopia), a populat ...
rebel against their former Spanish allies during the
Spanish conquest of Guatemala In a protracted conflict during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish colonisers gradually incorporated the territory that became the modern country of Guatemala into the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain. Before the conquest, this te ...
. *
1542 __NOTOC__ Year 1542 ( MDXLII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * February 2 – Battle of Baçente: The Portuguese under Cristóvão da Gama ...
Turkish–Portuguese War:
Battle of Wofla The Battle of Wofla was fought on August 28, 1542 near Lake Ashenge in Wofla (Ofla) between the Portuguese under Cristóvão da Gama and the forces of Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi. Reinforced with a superiority not only in numbers but in fir ...
: The Portuguese are scattered, their leader Christovão da Gama is captured and later executed. *
1565 __NOTOC__ Year 1565 ( MDLXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 3 – In the Tsardom of Russia, Ivan the Terrible originates the opr ...
Pedro Menéndez de Avilés Pedro Menéndez de Avilés (; ast, Pedro (Menéndez) d'Avilés; 15 February 1519 – 17 September 1574) was a Spanish admiral, explorer and conquistador from Avilés, in Asturias, Spain. He is notable for planning the first regular trans-oceani ...
sights land near
St. Augustine, Florida St. Augustine ( ; es, San Agustín ) is a city in the Southeastern United States and the county seat of St. Johns County on the Atlantic coast of northeastern Florida. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorers, it is the oldest continuously inhabit ...
and founds the oldest continuously occupied European-established city in the
continental United States The contiguous United States (officially the conterminous United States) consists of the 48 adjoining U.S. states and the Federal District of the United States of America. The term excludes the only two non-contiguous states, Alaska and Hawaii ...
.


1601–1900

*
1609 Events January–June * January – The Basque witch trials begin. * January 15 – One of the world's first newspapers, ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung'', begins publication in Wolfenbüttel (Holy Roman Empire). * January 3 ...
Henry Hudson Henry Hudson ( 1565 – disappeared 23 June 1611) was an English sea explorer and navigator during the early 17th century, best known for his explorations of present-day Canada and parts of the northeastern United States. In 1607 and 160 ...
discovers
Delaware Bay Delaware Bay is the estuary outlet of the Delaware River on the northeast seaboard of the United States. It is approximately in area, the bay's freshwater mixes for many miles with the saltwater of the Atlantic Ocean. The bay is bordered inlan ...
. *
1619 Events January–June * January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Conne ...
– Election of
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, Hungary, and List of Croatian monarchs, Croatia from 1619 until his death in 1637. He was the son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria, Archd ...
. *
1640 Events January–March * January 6 – The Siege of Salses ends almost six months after it had started on June 9, 1639, with the French defenders surrendering to the Spanish attackers. * January 17 – A naval battle over ...
Second Bishop's War: King
Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...
's English army loses to a Scottish Covenanter force at the
Battle of Newburn The Battle of Newburn, also known as The Battle of Newburn Ford, took place on 28 August 1640, during the Second Bishops' War. It was fought at Newburn, just outside Newcastle, where a ford crossed the River Tyne. A Scottish Covenanter army o ...
. *
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
Second English Civil War The Second English Civil War took place between February to August 1648 in Kingdom of England, England and Wales. It forms part of the series of conflicts known collectively as the 1639-1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which include the 1641 ...
: The
Siege of Colchester The siege of Colchester occurred in the summer of 1648 when the English Civil War reignited in several areas of Britain. Colchester found itself in the thick of the unrest when a Royalist army on its way through East Anglia to raise suppor ...
ends when Royalists Forces surrender to the Parliamentary Forces after eleven weeks, during the
Second English Civil War The Second English Civil War took place between February to August 1648 in Kingdom of England, England and Wales. It forms part of the series of conflicts known collectively as the 1639-1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which include the 1641 ...
. *
1709 In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Friday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – Battle of St. John's: The French capture St. John' ...
Meidingnu Pamheiba is crowned King of
Manipur Manipur () ( mni, Kangleipak) is a state in Northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south and Assam to the west. It also borders two regions of Myanm ...
. *
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
William Herschel Frederick William Herschel (; german: Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel; 15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822) was a German-born British astronomer and composer. He frequently collaborated with his younger sister and fellow astronomer Caroline H ...
discovers a new moon of Saturn:
Enceladus Enceladus is the sixth-largest moon of Saturn (19th largest in the Solar System). It is about in diameter, about a tenth of that of Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Enceladus is mostly covered by fresh, clean ice, making it one of the most refl ...
. *
1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * Janua ...
Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
: The
French Navy The French Navy (french: Marine nationale, lit=National Navy), informally , is the maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the five military service branches of France. It is among the largest and most powerful naval forces in t ...
accepts the surrender of a British
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...
fleet at the
Battle of Grand Port The Battle of Grand Port was a naval battle between squadrons of frigates from the French Navy and the British Royal Navy. The battle was fought during 20–27 August 1810 over possession of the harbour of Grand Port on Isle de France (now Maur ...
. *
1830 It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy. Events January–March * January 11 – LaGrange College (later the University of North Alabama) b ...
– The
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was the first common carrier railroad and the oldest railroad in the United States, with its first section opening in 1830. Merchants from Baltimore, which had benefited to some extent from the construction of ...
's new ''
Tom Thumb Tom Thumb is a character of English folklore. ''The History of Tom Thumb'' was published in 1621 and was the first fairy tale printed in English. Tom is no bigger than his father's thumb, and his adventures include being swallowed by a cow, tangl ...
''
steam locomotive A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomot ...
races a horse-drawn car, presaging steam's role in U.S. railroads. *
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
– The
Slavery Abolition Act 1833 The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c. 73) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provided for the gradual abolition of slavery in most parts of the British Empire. It was passed by Earl Grey's reforming administrati ...
receives
royal assent Royal assent is the method by which a monarch formally approves an act of the legislature, either directly or through an official acting on the monarch's behalf. In some jurisdictions, royal assent is equivalent to promulgation, while in other ...
, making the purchase or ownership of slaves illegal in the
British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts esta ...
with exceptions. *
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
– The first issue of ''
Scientific American ''Scientific American'', informally abbreviated ''SciAm'' or sometimes ''SA'', is an American popular science magazine. Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein and Nikola Tesla, have contributed articles to it. In print since 1845, it i ...
'' magazine is published. *
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire The Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire were a set of revolutions that took place in the Austrian Empire from March 1848 to November 1849. Much of the revolutionary activity had a nationalist character: the Empire, ruled from Vienna, incl ...
: After a month-long siege,
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400  ...
, which had declared itself independent as the
Republic of San Marco A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...
, surrenders to Austria. *
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most op ...
’s ''
Lohengrin Lohengrin () is a character in Germany, German Arthurian literature. The son of Percival, Parzival (Percival), he is a knight of the Holy Grail sent in a boat pulled by swans to rescue a maiden who can never ask his identity. His story, which fi ...
'' premieres at the
Staatskapelle Weimar The (DNT) is a German theatre and musical organisation based in Weimar. It is a twin institution, consisting of the theatrical (German National Theatre, now solely based in Weimar) and the symphony orchestra known as the . It has a total of s ...
. *
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
– The
Carrington event The Carrington Event was the most intense geomagnetic storm in recorded history, peaking from 1 to 2 September 1859 during solar cycle 10. It created strong auroral displays that were reported globally and caused sparking and even fires in mult ...
is the strongest
geomagnetic storm A geomagnetic storm, also known as a magnetic storm, is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic field. The disturbance that d ...
on record to strike the Earth.
Electrical telegraph Electrical telegraphs were point-to-point text messaging systems, primarily used from the 1840s until the late 20th century. It was the first electrical telecommunications system and the most widely used of a number of early messaging systems ...
service is widely disrupted. *
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
:
Union Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Un ...
forces attack
Cape Hatteras Cape Hatteras is a cape located at a pronounced bend in Hatteras Island, one of the barrier islands of North Carolina. Long stretches of beach, sand dunes, marshes, and maritime forests create a unique environment where wind and waves shape ...
,
North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...
in the
Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries The Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries (August 28–29, 1861) was the first combined operation of the Union Army and Navy in the American Civil War, resulting in Union domination of the strategically important North Carolina Sounds. Two forts on ...
which lasts for two days. *
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
– American Civil War:
Second Battle of Bull Run The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862, in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by Confederate ...
, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas. The battle ends on August 30. *
1867 Events January–March * January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
– The United States takes possession of the (at this point unoccupied)
Midway Atoll Midway Atoll (colloquial: Midway Islands; haw, Kauihelani, translation=the backbone of heaven; haw, Pihemanu, translation=the loud din of birds, label=none) is a atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. Midway Atoll is an insular area of the Unit ...
. *
1879 Events January–March * January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold, for the first time since the American Civil War. * January 11 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins. * Janu ...
Anglo-Zulu War The Anglo-Zulu War was fought in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. Following the passing of the British North America Act of 1867 forming a federation in Canada, Lord Carnarvon thought that a similar political effort, coupl ...
:
Cetshwayo King Cetshwayo kaMpande (; ; 1826 – 8 February 1884) was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1873 to 1879 and its Commander in Chief during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. His name has been transliterated as Cetawayo, Cetewayo, Cetywajo and Ketchw ...
, last king of the Zulus, is captured by the
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...
. *
1898 Events January–March * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
Caleb Bradham Caleb Davis Bradham (May 27, 1867 – February 19, 1934) was an American pharmacist, best known as the inventor of soft drink Pepsi. Early life Bradham was born Caleb Davis Bradham on May 27, 1867, in Chinquapin, North Carolina to George Washing ...
's beverage "Brad's Drink" is renamed "
Pepsi-Cola Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink manufactured by PepsiCo. Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola in 1898, and then shortened to Pepsi in 1961. History Pepsi was ...
".


1901–present

*
1901 Events January * January 1 – The Crown colony, British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria (Australia), Victoria and Western Australia Federation of Australia, federate as the Australia, ...
Silliman University Silliman University (also referred to as Silliman or SU) is a private university, private Research institute, research university in Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, the Philippines. Established in 1901 as Silliman Institute by the Presbyte ...
is founded in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. It is the first American
private school Private or privates may refer to: Music * " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation'' * Private (band), a Denmark-based band * "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...
in the country. *
1909 Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * Januar ...
– A group of mid-level
Greek Army The Hellenic Army ( el, Ελληνικός Στρατός, Ellinikós Stratós, sometimes abbreviated as ΕΣ), formed in 1828, is the land force of Greece. The term ''Hellenic'' is the endogenous synonym for ''Greek''. The Hellenic Army is the ...
officers launches the
Goudi coup The Goudi coup ( el, κίνημα στο Γουδί) was a military coup d'état that took place in Greece on the night of , starting at the barracks in Goudi, a neighborhood on the eastern outskirts of Athens. The coup was a pivotal event in mod ...
, seeking wide-ranging reforms. *
1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos (1913), Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not ven ...
Queen Wilhelmina Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the ...
opens the
Peace Palace , native_name_lang = , logo = , logo_size = , logo_alt = , logo_caption = , image = La haye palais paix jardin face.JPG , image_size = , image_alt = , image_caption = The Peace Palace, The Hague , map_type = , map_alt = , m ...
in
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
. *
1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
: The
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...
defeats the
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...
fleet in the Battle of Heligoland Bight. *
1916 Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * ...
– World War I: Germany declares war on
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
. * 1916 – World War I:
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
declares war on Germany. *
1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– Ten
suffragists Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to v ...
, members of the
Silent Sentinels The Silent Sentinels, also known as the Sentinels of Liberty, were a group of over 2,000 women in favor of women's suffrage organized by Alice Paul and the National Woman's Party, who protested in front of the White House during Woodrow Wilson's ...
, are arrested while picketing the
White House The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800. ...
in favor of
women's suffrage in the United States In the 1700's to early 1800's New Jersey did allow Women the right to vote before the passing of the 19th Amendment, but in 1807 the state restricted the right to vote to "...tax-paying, white male citizens..." Women's legal right to vote w ...
. *
1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish lin ...
Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...
: The
Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...
dissolved the
Makhnovshchina The Makhnovshchina () was an attempt to form a stateless anarchist society in parts of Ukraine during the Russian Revolution of 1917–1923. It existed from 1918 to 1921, during which time free soviets and libertarian communes operated under t ...
, after driving the Revolutionary Insurgent Army out of
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
. *
1924 Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China hol ...
– The
Georgian Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) ** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group ** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
opposition stages the
August Uprising The August Uprising ( ka, აგვისტოს აჯანყება, tr) was an unsuccessful insurrection against Soviet rule in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from late August to early September 1924. Aimed at restoring the in ...
against the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
. *
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
begins its mass arrests of
Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The group reports a worldwide membership of approximately 8.7 million adherents involved in ...
, who are interned in
concentration camps Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply ...
. *
1937 Events January * January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua. * January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Fe ...
Toyota Motors is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on . Toyota is one of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world, producing about 10 m ...
becomes an independent company. *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – ...
Denmark in World War II At the outset of World War II in September 1939, Denmark declared itself neutral. For most of the war, the country was a protectorate and then an occupied territory of Germany. The decision to occupy Denmark was taken in Berlin on 17 December ...
: German authorities demand that Danish authorities crack down on acts of resistance. The next day,
martial law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...
is imposed on Denmark. *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
:
Marseille Marseille ( , , ; also spelled in English as Marseilles; oc, Marselha ) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and capital of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Situated in the camargue region of southern Franc ...
and
Toulon Toulon (, , ; oc, label= Provençal, Tolon , , ) is a city on the French Riviera and a large port on the Mediterranean coast, with a major naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, and the Provence province, Toulon is th ...
are liberated. *
1946 Events January * January 6 - The 1946 North Vietnamese parliamentary election, first general election ever in Vietnam is held. * January 7 – The Allies recognize the Austrian republic with its 1937 borders, and divide the country into f ...
– The Workers’ Party of North Korea, predecessor of the ruling
Workers’ Party of Korea The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) is the founding and sole ruling party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly known as North Korea. Founded in 1949 from the merger of the Workers' Party of North Korea and the Workers' Party o ...
, is founded at a
congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of a ...
held in
Pyongyang Pyongyang (, , ) is the capital and largest city of North Korea, where it is known as the "Capital of the Revolution". Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River about upstream from its mouth on the Yellow Sea. According to the 2008 populatio ...
,
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...
. *
1955 Events January * January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama. * January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut. * January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...
Black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white have o ...
teenager
Emmett Till Emmett Louis Till (July 25, 1941August 28, 1955) was a 14-year-old African American boy who was abducted, tortured, and lynched in Mississippi in 1955, after being accused of offending a white woman, Carolyn Bryant, in her family's grocery ...
is brutally murdered in
Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
, galvanizing the nascent
civil rights movement The civil rights movement was a nonviolent social and political movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States to abolish legalized institutional Racial segregation in the United States, racial segregation, Racial discrimination ...
. *
1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th y ...
U.S. Senator The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and powe ...
Strom Thurmond James Strom Thurmond Sr. (December 5, 1902June 26, 2003) was an American politician who represented South Carolina in the United States Senate from 1954 to 2003. Prior to his 48 years as a senator, he served as the 103rd governor of South Caro ...
begins a filibuster to prevent the
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...
from voting on the
Civil Rights Act of 1957 The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875. The bill was passed by the 85th United States Congress and signed into law by President Dwigh ...
; he stopped speaking 24 hours and 18 minutes later, the longest
filibuster A filibuster is a political procedure in which one or more members of a legislative body prolong debate on proposed legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent decision. It is sometimes referred to as "talking a bill to death" or "talking out ...
ever conducted by a single Senator. *
1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, also known as simply the March on Washington or The Great March on Washington, was held in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963. The purpose of the march was to advocate for the civil and economic righ ...
: Rev. Dr.
Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...
gives his ''
I Have a Dream "I Have a Dream" is a public speech that was delivered by American civil rights activist and Baptist minister, Martin Luther King Jr., during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963. In the speech, King called ...
'' speech. *
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– The 1964 Philadelphia race riot, Philadelphia race riot begins. *1968 – Police and protesters clash during 1968 Democratic National Convention protests as protesters chant "The whole world is watching". *1973 – Norrmalmstorg robbery: Stockholm police secure the surrenders of hostage-takers Jan-Erik Olsson and Clark Olofsson, defusing the Norrmalmstorg robbery, Norrmalmstorg hostage crisis. The behaviours of the hostages later give rise to the term ''Stockholm syndrome''. *1988 – Ramstein air show disaster: Three aircraft of the Frecce Tricolori demonstration team collide and the wreckage falls into the crowd. Seventy-five are killed and 346 seriously injured. *1990 – Gulf War: Iraq declares Kuwait to be its Kuwait Governorate, newest Governorates of Iraq, province. * 1990 – 1990 Plainfield tornado, An F5 tornado strikes the Illinois cities of Plainfield, Illinois, Plainfield and Joliet, Illinois, Joliet, killing 29 people. *1993 – NASA's Galileo (spacecraft), ''Galileo'' probe performs a 243 Ida#Galileo flyby, flyby of the asteroid 243 Ida. Astronomers later discover a moon, the first known Minor-planet moon, asteroid moon, in pictures from the flyby and name it Dactyl. * 1993 – 1993 Singaporean presidential election, Singaporean presidential election: Former Deputy Prime Minister Ong Teng Cheong is elected President of Singapore. Although it is the first presidential election to be determined by popular vote, the allowed candidates consist only of Ong and a reluctant whom the government had asked to run to confer upon the election the semblance of an opposition. * 1993 – The autonomous Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia in Bosnia and Herzegovina was transformed into the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia. *1996 – Chicago Seven defendant David Dellinger, antiwar activist Bradford Lyttle, Civil Rights Movement historian Randy Kryn, and eight others are arrested by the Federal Protective Service (United States), Federal Protective Service while protesting in a demonstration at the Kluczynski Federal Building in downtown Chicago during 1996 Democratic National Convention, that year's Democratic National Convention. *1998 – Pakistan's National Assembly of Pakistan, National Assembly passes a Constitution of Pakistan, constitutional amendment to make the "Qur'an and Sunnah" the "supreme law" but the bill is defeated in the Senate of Pakistan, Senate. * 1998 – Second Congo War: Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Loyalist troops backed by Angolan and Zimbabwean forces repulse the Rally for Congolese Democracy, RCD and Rwandan offensive on Kinshasa. *1999 – The Russian space mission Soyuz TM-29 reaches completion, ending nearly 10 years of continuous occupation on the space station ''Mir'' as it approaches the end of its life. *2003 – In "one of the most complicated and bizarre crimes in the annals of the FBI", Death of Brian Wells, Brian Wells dies after becoming involved in a complex plot involving a bank robbery, a scavenger hunt, and a Improvised explosive device, homemade explosive device. *2016 – The first experimental mission of Indian Space Research Organisation, ISRO's Scramjet Engine towards the realisation of an Air Breathing Propulsion System was successfully conducted from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota. *2017 – 2017 China–India border standoff, China–India border standoff: China and India both pull their troops out of Doklam, putting an end to a two month-long stalemate over China’s construction of a road in disputed territory.


Births


Pre-1600

*1023 – Emperor Go-Reizei, Go-Reizei, emperor of Japan (d. 1068) *1366 – Jean Le Maingre, marshal of France (d. 1421) *1476 – Kanō Motonobu, Japanese painter (d. 1559) *1481 – Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Portuguese poet (d. 1558) *1582 – Taichang Emperor, Taichang, emperor of China (d. 1620) *1591 – John Christian of Brieg, duke of Brzeg (d. 1639) *1592 – George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English courtier and politician (d. 1628)


1601–1900

*1612 – Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Dutch linguist and scholar (d. 1653) *1667 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1721) *1691 – Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1750) *1714 – Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick, Anthony Ulrich, duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1774) *1728 – John Stark, American general (d. 1822) *1739 – Agostino Accorimboni, Italian composer (d. 1818) *1749 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German novelist, poet, playwright, and diplomat (d. 1832) *1774 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, American nun and saint, co-founded the Sisters of Charity Federation in the Vincentian-Setonian Tradition (d. 1821) *1801 – Antoine Augustin Cournot, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1877) *1814 – Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish author (d. 1873) *1816 – Charles Sladen, English-Australian politician, 6th Premier of Victoria (d. 1884) *1822 – Graham Berry, English-Australian politician, 11th Premier of Victoria (d. 1904) *1827 – Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia, Catherine Mikhailovna, Russian grand duchess (d. 1894) *
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
– Edward Burne-Jones, English artist of the Pre-Raphaelite movement (d. 1898) *1837 – Francis, Duke of Teck, Francis von Hohenstein, duke of Teck (d. 1900) *1840 – Alexander Cameron Sim, Scottish-Japanese pharmacist and businessman, founded Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club (d. 1900) *1853 – Vladimir Shukhov, Russian architect and engineer, designed the Adziogol Lighthouse (d. 1939) *
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
– Matilda Howell, American archer (d. 1938) * 1859 – Vittorio Sella, Italian mountaineer and photographer (d. 1943) *
1867 Events January–March * January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
– Umberto Giordano, Italian composer and academic (d. 1948) *1878 – George Whipple, American physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976) *1884 – Peter Fraser, Scottish-New Zealand journalist and politician, 24th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1950) *1885 – Vance Palmer, Australian author, playwright, and critic (d. 1959) *1887 – August Kippasto, Estonian-Australian wrestler and poet (d. 1973) * 1887 – István Kühár, Slovenian priest and politician (d. 1922) *1888 – Evadne Price, Australian actress, astrologer, and author (d. 1985) *1891 – Benno Schotz, Estonian-Scottish sculptor and engineer (d. 1984) *1894 – Karl Böhm, Austrian conductor and director (d. 1981) *1896 – Firaq Gorakhpuri, Indian author, poet, and critic (d. 1982) *
1898 Events January–March * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
– Charlie Grimm, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster (d. 1983) *1899 – Charles Boyer, French-American actor, singer, and producer (d. 1978) * 1899 – Béla Guttmann, Hungarian footballer and coach (d. 1981) * 1899 – Andrei Platonov, Russian author and poet (d. 1951) * 1899 – James Wong Howe, Chinese American cinematographer (d. 1976)


1901–present

*1903 – Bruno Bettelheim, Austrian-American psychologist and author (d. 1990) *1904 – Secondo Campini, Italian-American engineer (d. 1980) * 1904 – Leho Laurine, Estonian chess player (d. 1998) *1905 – Cyril Walters, Welsh-English cricketer (d. 1992) *1906 – John Betjeman, English poet and academic (d. 1984) *1908 – Roger Tory Peterson, American ornithologist and author (d. 1996) *1910 – Morris Graves, American painter and academic (d. 2001) * 1910 – Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch-American mathematician and economist Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985) *1911 – Joseph Luns, Dutch politician and diplomat, 5th Secretary General of NATO (d. 2002) *
1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos (1913), Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not ven ...
– Robertson Davies, Canadian journalist, author, and playwright (d. 1995) * 1913 – Jack Dreyfus, American businessman, founded the Dreyfus Corporation (d. 2009) * 1913 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer and sportscaster (d. 1993) * 1913 – Robert Irving (conductor), Robert Irving, English conductor and director (d. 1991) * 1913 – Terence Reese, English bridge player and author (d. 1996) * 1913 – Richard Tucker (tenor), Richard Tucker, American tenor and actor (d. 1975) *1915 – Max Robertson, Bengal-born English sportscaster and author (d. 2009) * 1915 – Tasha Tudor, American author and illustrator (d. 2008) *
1916 Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * ...
– Hélène Baillargeon, Canadian singer and actress (d. 1997) * 1916 – C. Wright Mills American sociologist and author (d. 1962) * 1916 – Jack Vance, American author (d. 2013) *
1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– Jack Kirby, American author and illustrator (d. 1994) *1918 – L. B. Cole, American illustrator and publisher (d. 1995) *1919 – Godfrey Hounsfield, English biophysicist and engineer Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004) *
1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish lin ...
– John Herbert Chapman, Canadian physicist and engineer (d. 1979) * 1921 – Fernando Fernán Gómez, Spanish actor, director, and playwright (d. 2007) * 1921 – Nancy Kulp, American actress and soldier (d. 1991) * 1921 – Lidia Gueiler Tejada, the first female President of Bolivia (d. 2011) *
1924 Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China hol ...
– Janet Frame, New Zealand author and poet (d. 2004) * 1924 – Tony MacGibbon, New Zealand cricketer and engineer (d. 2010) * 1924 – Peggy Ryan, American actress and dancer (d. 2004) * 1924 – Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, Ukrainian-American rabbi and author (d. 2014) *1925 – Billy Grammer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011) * 1925 – Donald O'Connor, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 2003) * 1925 – Philip Purser, English author and critic (d. 2022) *1928 – F. William Free, American businessman (d. 2003) * 1928 – Vilayat Khan, Indian sitar player and composer (d. 2004) *1929 – István Kertész (conductor), István Kertész, Hungarian conductor (d. 1973) * 1929 – Roxie Roker, American actress (d. 1995) *1930 – Ben Gazzara, American actor (d. 2012) * 1930 – Windsor Davies, British actor (d. 2019) *1931 – Tito Capobianco, Argentinian director and producer (d. 2018) * 1931 – Cristina Deutekom, Dutch soprano and actress (d. 2014) * 1931 – Ola L. Mize, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2014) * 1931 – John Shirley-Quirk, English actor, singer, and educator (d. 2014) * 1931 – Roger Williams (hepatologist), Roger Williams, English hepatologist and academic (d. 2020) *1932 – Andy Bathgate, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2016) * 1932 – Yakir Aharonov, Israeli academic and educator *1933 – Philip French, English journalist, critic, and producer (d. 2015) * 1933 – Patrick Kalilombe, Malawian bishop and theologian (d. 2012) *1935 – Melvin Charney, Canadian sculptor and architect (d. 2012) * 1935 – Gilles Rocheleau, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1998) *
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
– Don Denkinger, American baseball player and umpire * 1936 – Warren M. Washington, American atmospheric scientist *1938 – Maurizio Costanzo, Italian journalist and academic * 1938 – Paul Martin, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Prime Minister of Canada * 1938 – Bengt Fahlström, Swedish journalist (d. 2017) *1939 – John Kingman, English mathematician and academic *1940 – William Cohen, American lawyer and politician, 20th United States Secretary of Defense * 1940 – Roger Pingeon, French cyclist (d. 2017) *1941 – Michael Craig-Martin, Irish painter and illustrator * 1941 – Toomas Leius, Estonian tennis player and coach * 1941 – John Stanley Marshall, English drummer * 1941 – Paul Plishka, American opera singer *1942 – Wendy Davies, Welsh historian and academic * 1942 – Jorge Urosa, Venezuelan cardinal *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – ...
– Surayud Chulanont, Thai general and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Thailand * 1943 – Robert Greenwald, American director and producer * 1943 – Shuja Khanzada, Pakistani colonel and politician (d. 2015) * 1943 – Lou Piniella, American baseball player and manager * 1943 – David Soul, American actor and singer * 1943 – Jihad Al-Atrash, Lebanese actor and voice actor *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– Marianne Heemskerk, Dutch swimmer *1945 – Bob Segarini, American-Canadian singer-songwriter *1947 – Emlyn Hughes, English footballer (d. 2004) * 1947 – Liza Wang, Hong Kong actress and singer *1948 – Vonda N. McIntyre, American author (d. 2019) * 1948 – Murray Parker (cricketer), Murray Parker, New Zealand cricketer and educator * 1948 – Heather Reisman, Canadian publisher and businesswoman * 1948 – Danny Seraphine, American drummer and producer * 1948 – Elizabeth Wilmshurst, English academic and jurist *1949 – Hugh Cornwell, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1949 – Svetislav Pešić, Serbian basketball player and coach *1950 – Ron Guidry, American baseball player and coach * 1950 – Tony Husband, English cartoonist *1951 – Colin McAdam (footballer), Colin McAdam, Scottish footballer (d. 2013) * 1951 – Wayne Osmond, American singer-songwriter and actor * 1951 – Keiichi Suzuki (composer), Keiichi Suzuki, Japanese singer-songwriter *1952 – Jacques Chagnon, Canadian educator and politician * 1952 – Rita Dove, American poet and essayist * 1952 – Wendelin Wiedeking, German businessman *1953 – Ditmar Jakobs, German footballer * 1953 – Tõnu Kaljuste, Estonian conductor and journalist *1954 – Katharine Abraham, American feminist economist * 1954 – George M. Church, American geneticist, chemist, and engineer * 1954 – John Dorahy, Australian rugby player and coach * 1954 – Ravi Kanbur, Indian-English economist and academic *1956 – Luis Guzmán, Puerto Rican-American actor and producer * 1956 – Steve Whiteman, American singer-songwriter *
1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th y ...
– Greg Clark, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government * 1957 – Ivo Josipović, Croatian lawyer, jurist, and politician, 3rd President of Croatia * 1957 – Daniel Stern (actor), Daniel Stern, American actor and director * 1957 – Ai Weiwei, Chinese sculptor and activist *1958 – Scott Hamilton (figure skater), Scott Hamilton, American figure skater *1959 – Brian Thompson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter *1961 – Kim Appleby, English singer-songwriter and actress * 1961 – Cliff Benson, American football player * 1961 – Jennifer Coolidge, American actress * 1961 – Deepak Tijori, Indian actor and director * 1961 – Ian Pont, English cricketer and coach *1962 – Paul Allen (footballer), Paul Allen, English footballer * 1962 – Craig Anton, American actor and screenwriter * 1962 – David Fincher, American director and producer *
1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– Regina Jacobs, American runner * 1963 – Maria Gheorghiu, Romanian folk singer-songwriter *
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– Lee Janzen, American golfer * 1964 – Kaj Leo Johannesen, Faroese footballer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands *1965 – Dan Crowley (rugby player), Dan Crowley, Australian rugby player * 1965 – Sonia Kruger, Australian television host and actress * 1965 – Satoshi Tajiri, Japanese video game developer; created ''Pokémon'' * 1965 – Shania Twain, Canadian singer-songwriter *1966 – Priya Dutt, Indian social worker and politician *1967 – Jamie Osborne, English jockey and trainer *1968 – Billy Boyd (actor), Billy Boyd, Scottish actor and singer *1969 – Jack Black, American actor and comedian * 1969 – Sheryl Sandberg, American business executive * 1969 – Mary McCartney, English photographer and activist * 1969 – Jason Priestley, Canadian actor, director, and producer * 1969 – Pierre Turgeon, Canadian-American ice hockey player *1970 – Melina Aslanidou, German-Greek singer-songwriter * 1970 – Rick Recht, American singer-songwriter *1971 – Shane Andrews, American baseball player * 1971 – Todd Eldredge, American figure skater and coach * 1971 – Janet Evans, American swimmer * 1971 – Raúl Márquez, Mexican-American boxer and sportscaster *1972 – Ravindu Shah, Kenyan cricketer * 1972 – Jay Witasick, American baseball player and coach *1973 – J. August Richards, American actor *1974 – Johan Andersson (game programmer), Johan Andersson, Swedish game designer and programmer * 1974 – Takahito Eguchi, Japanese pianist and composer * 1974 – Carsten Jancker, German footballer and manager *1975 – Jamie Cureton, English footballer * 1975 – Gareth Farrelly, Irish footballer and manager * 1975 – Hamish McLachlan, Australian television personality * 1975 – Royce Willis, New Zealand rugby player *1976 – Federico Magallanes, Uruguayan footballer *1978 – Karine Turcotte, Canadian weightlifter *1979 – Shaila Dúrcal, Spanish singer-songwriter * 1979 – Robert Hoyzer, German footballer and referee * 1979 – Kristen Hughes, Australian netball player * 1979 – Markus Pröll, German footballer * 1979 – Ruth Riley, American basketball player *1980 – Antony Hämäläinen, Finnish singer-songwriter * 1980 – Debra Lafave, sex offender and former American teacher * 1980 – Jaakko Ojaniemi, Finnish decathlete * 1980 – Carly Pope, Canadian actress and producer * 1980 – Jonathan Reynolds, English lawyer and politician *1981 – Matt Alrich, American lacrosse player * 1981 – Kezia Dugdale, Scottish politician * 1981 – Martin Erat, Czech ice hockey player * 1981 – Daniel Gygax, Swiss footballer * 1981 – Raphael Matos, Brazilian race car driver * 1981 – Jake Owen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1981 – Ahmed Talbi, Moroccan footballer * 1981 – Agata Wróbel, Polish weightlifter *1982 – Anderson Silva de França, Brazilian footballer * 1982 – Kevin McNaughton, Scottish footballer * 1982 – Thiago Motta, Brazilian-Italian footballer * 1982 – LeAnn Rimes, American singer-songwriter and actress *1983 – Lasith Malinga, Sri Lankan cricketer * 1983 – Luke McAlister, New Zealand rugby player * 1983 – Lilli Schwarzkopf, German heptathlete *1985 – Kjetil Jansrud, Norwegian skier *1986 – Jeff Green (basketball), Jeff Green, American basketball player * 1986 – Armie Hammer, American actor * 1986 – Tommy Hanson, American baseball player (d. 2015) * 1986 – Simon Mannering, New Zealand rugby league player * 1986 – Gilad Shalit, Israeli soldier and hostage * 1986 – Florence Welch, English singer-songwriter *1987 – Caleb Moore, American snowmobile racer (d. 2013) *1988 – Rosie MacLennan, Canadian trampoline gymnast *1989 – César Azpilicueta, Spanish footballer * 1989 – Valtteri Bottas, Finnish race car driver * 1989 – Jo Kwon, South Korean singer and dancer *1990 – Bojan Krkić, Spanish footballer *1991 – Felicio Brown Forbes, German footballer * 1991 – Andreja Pejić, Bosnian model *1992 – Gabriela Drăgoi, Romanian gymnast * 1992 – Bismack Biyombo, Congolese basketball player * 1992 – Max Collins (actress), Max Collins, American-Filipino actress and model *1993 – Jakub Sokolík, Czech footballer *1994 – Manon Arcangioli, French tennis player *1994 – Ons Jabeur, Tunisian tennis player *1998 – Weston McKennie, American soccer player *2001 – Kamilla Rakhimova, Russian tennis player *2003 – Quvenzhané Wallis, American actress


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 388 – Magnus Maximus, Roman emperor (b. 335) * 430 – Augustine of Hippo, Algerian bishop, theologian, and saint (b. 354) * 476 –
Orestes In Greek mythology, Orestes or Orestis (; grc-gre, Ὀρέστης ) was the son of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon, and the brother of Electra. He is the subject of several Ancient Greek plays and of various myths connected with his madness and ...
, Roman general and politician *
632 __NOTOC__ Year 632 ( DCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 632 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
Fatimah Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, th ...
, daughter of
Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد;  570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...
(b. 605) * 683 – Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I, ajaw of the city-state of Palenque (b. 615) * 770 – Empress Kōken, Kōken, emperor of Japan (b. 718) * 876 – Louis the German, Frankish king (b. 804) * 919 – He Gui, Chinese general (b. 858) *1055 – Emperor Xingzong of Liao, Xing Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1016) *1149 – Mu'in ad-Din Unur, Turkish ruler and regent *1231 – Eleanor of Portugal, Queen of Denmark *1341 – Levon IV of Armenia, Levon IV, king of Armenia (b. 1309) *1406 – John de Sutton V, Baron Dudley, Baron Sutton of Dudley (b. 1380) *1481 – Afonso V of Portugal, Afonso V, king of Portugal (b. 1432) *1540 – Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, Federico II Gonzaga, duke of Mantua (b. 1500)


1601–1900

*
1609 Events January–June * January – The Basque witch trials begin. * January 15 – One of the world's first newspapers, ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung'', begins publication in Wolfenbüttel (Holy Roman Empire). * January 3 ...
– Francis Vere, English governor and general *1645 – Hugo Grotius, Dutch playwright, philosopher, and jurist (b. 1583) *1646 – Johannes Banfi Hunyades, English-Hungarian alchemist, chemist and metallurgist. (b. 1576) *
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
– Sir George Lisle, George Lisle, English general (b. 1610) * 1648 – Charles Lucas, English general (b. 1613) *1654 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish lawyer and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (b. 1583) *1665 – Elisabetta Sirani, Italian painter (b. 1638) *1678 – John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1602) *1735 – Edwin Stead, English landowner and cricketer (b. 1701) *1757 – David Hartley (philosopher), David Hartley, English psychologist and philosopher (b. 1705) *1784 – Junípero Serra, Spanish priest and missionary (b. 1713) *1793 – Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine, French general (b. 1740) *1805 – Alexander Carlyle, Scottish church leader and author (b. 1722) *1818 – Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, American fur trader, founded Chicago (b. 1750) *1820 – Andrew Ellicott, American surveyor and urban planner (b. 1754) *1839 – William Smith (geologist), William Smith, English geologist and engineer (b. 1769) *1888 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (b. 1835) *1891 – Robert Caldwell, English missionary and linguist (b. 1814) *1900 – Henry Sidgwick, English economist and philosopher (b. 1838)


1901–present

*1903 – Frederick Law Olmsted, American journalist and architect, co-designed Central Park (b. 1822) *1919 – Adolf Schmal, Austrian fencer and cyclist (b. 1872) *1934 – Edgeworth David, Welsh-Australian geologist and explorer (b. 1858) *
1937 Events January * January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua. * January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Fe ...
– George Prendergast, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Victoria (b. 1854) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – ...
– Georg Hellat, Estonian architect (b. 1870) * 1943 – Boris III of Bulgaria (b. 1894) *
1955 Events January * January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama. * January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut. * January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...
Emmett Till Emmett Louis Till (July 25, 1941August 28, 1955) was a 14-year-old African American boy who was abducted, tortured, and lynched in Mississippi in 1955, after being accused of offending a white woman, Carolyn Bryant, in her family's grocery ...
, American murder victim (b. 1941) *1959 – Bohuslav Martinů, Czech-American composer and educator (b. 1890) *1965 – Giulio Racah, Italian-Israeli physicist and mathematician (b. 1909) *1968 – Dimitris Pikionis, Greek architect and academic (b. 1887) *1971 – Reuvein Margolies, Israeli author and scholar (b. 1889) *1972 – Prince William of Gloucester (b. 1941) *1975 – Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor (b. 1907) *1976 – Anissa Jones, American actress (b. 1958) *1978 – Bruce Catton, American historian and journalist (b. 1899) * 1978 – Robert Shaw (actor), Robert Shaw, English actor (b. 1927) *1981 – Béla Guttmann, Hungarian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1899) *1982 – Geoff Chubb, South African cricketer (b. 1911) *1984 – Muhammad Naguib, Egyptian general and politician, 1st President of Egypt (b. 1901) *1985 – Ruth Gordon, American actress and screenwriter (b. 1896) *1986 – Russell Lee (photographer), Russell Lee, American photographer and journalist (b. 1903) *1987 – John Huston, Irish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1906) *1988 – Jean Marchand, Canadian union leader and politician, 43rd Secretary of State for Canada (b. 1918) * 1988 – Max Shulman, American author and screenwriter (b. 1919) *1989 – John Steptoe, American author and illustrator (b. 1950) *1990 – Willy Vandersteen, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1913) *1991 – Alekos Sakellarios, Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1913) *1993 – William Stafford (poet), William Stafford, American poet and academic (b. 1914) *1995 – Earl W. Bascom, American rodeo performer and painter (b. 1906) * 1995 – Michael Ende, German scientist and author (b. 1929) *2005 – Jacques Dufilho, French actor (b. 1914) * 2005 – Esther Szekeres, Hungarian-Australian mathematician and academic (b. 1910) * 2005 – George Szekeres, Hungarian-Australian mathematician and academic (b. 1911) *2006 – Heino Lipp, Estonian shot putter and discus thrower (b. 1922) * 2006 – Benoît Sauvageau, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1963) * 2006 – Melvin Schwartz, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1932) *2007 – Arthur Jones (inventor), Arthur Jones, American businessman, founded Nautilus, Inc. and MedX Corporation (b. 1926) * 2007 – Hilly Kristal, American businessman, founded CBGB (b. 1932) * 2007 – Paul MacCready, American engineer and businessman, founded AeroVironment (b. 1925) * 2007 – Francisco Umbral, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1935) * 2007 – Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese-American actress (b. 1929) *2008 – Phil Hill, American race car driver (b. 1927) *2009 – Adam Goldstein, American drummer, DJ, and producer (b. 1973) * 2009 – Richard Egan (businessman), Richard Egan, US Ambassador, Owner of Dell EMC, Engineer (b. 1963) *2010 – William P. Foster, American bandleader and educator (b. 1919) *2011 – Bernie Gallacher, English footballer (b. 1967) *2012 – Rhodes Boyson, English educator and politician (b. 1925) * 2012 – Shulamith Firestone, Canadian-American activist and author (b. 1945) * 2012 – Dick McBride (poet), Dick McBride, American author, poet, and playwright (b. 1928) * 2012 – Saul Merin, Polish-Israeli ophthalmologist and academic (b. 1933) * 2012 – Ramón Sota, Spanish golfer (b. 1938) *2013 – John Bellany, Scottish painter and academic (b. 1942) * 2013 – Lorella Cedroni, Italian political scientist and philosopher (b. 1961) * 2013 – Edmund B. Fitzgerald, American businessman (b. 1926) * 2013 – Frank Pulli, American baseball player and umpire (b. 1935) * 2013 – Barry Stobart, English footballer (b. 1938) * 2013 – Rafael Díaz Ycaza, Ecuadorian journalist, author, and poet (b. 1925) *2014 – Glenn Cornick, English bass guitarist (b. 1947) * 2014 – Hal Finney (computer scientist), Hal Finney, American cryptographer and programmer (b. 1956) * 2014 – John Anthony Walker, American soldier and spy (b. 1937) *2015 – Al Arbour, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1932) * 2015 – Mark Krasniqi, Kosovan ethnographer, poet, and translator (b. 1920) * 2015 – Nelson Shanks, American painter and educator (b. 1937) *2016 – Juan Gabriel, Mexican singer and songwriter (b. 1950) * 2016 – Mr. Fuji, American professional wrestler and manager (b. 1934) *2017 – Mireille Darc, French actress and model (b. 1938) *2020 – Chadwick Boseman, American actor and playwright (b. 1976)


Holidays and observances

*Christian Calendar of saints, feast day: **Alexander of Constantinople **Augustine of Hippo **Edmund Arrowsmith **Saint Hermes, Hermes **Moses the Black **August 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *National Grandparents Day (Mexico)


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:August 28 Days of the year August