Events
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
– The Bornean Sultanate of
Brunei
Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely surrounded by t ...
gains full
independence
Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the statu ...
from the
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
, having become a British protectorate in
1888
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...
.
*
January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASEAN ( , ), officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, militar ...
(ASEAN).
*
January 10
** The United States and the
Vatican
Vatican may refer to:
Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum
The Holy See
* The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...
(
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of R ...
) restore full diplomatic relations.
** The
Victoria
Victoria most commonly refers to:
* Victoria (Australia), a state of the Commonwealth of Australia
* Victoria, British Columbia, provincial capital of British Columbia, Canada
* Victoria (mythology), Roman goddess of Victory
* Victoria, Seychelle ...
Agreement is signed, institutionalising the
Indian Ocean Commission
The Indian Ocean Commission (french: Commission de l'Océan Indien, COI) is an intergovernmental organisation that links African Indian Ocean nations: Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion (an overseas region of France), and Seychelles. Ther ...
.
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
–
Steve Jobs launches the
Macintosh
The Mac (known as Macintosh until 1999) is a family of personal computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Macs are known for their ease of use and minimalist designs, and are popular among students, creative professionals, and software en ...
personal computer in the United States.
February
*
February 3
** Dr.
John Buster and the research team at
Harbor–UCLA Medical Center
Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, is a 570-bed public teaching hospital located at 1000 West Carson Street in West Carson, an unincorporated area within Los Angeles County, California. As implied by the name, the hospital is owned by the Los Angel ...
announce history's first
embryo transfer
Embryo transfer refers to a step in the process of assisted reproduction in which embryos are placed into the uterus of a female with the intent to establish a pregnancy. This technique (which is often used in connection with in vitro fertilizati ...
from one woman to another, resulting in a live birth.
**
STS-41-B:
Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' is launched on the 10th
Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program ...
mission.
*
February 7
Events Pre-1600
* 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor.
* 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II.
* 1301 &nd ...
–
Astronauts
Bruce McCandless II and
Robert L. Stewart
Robert Lee Stewart (born August 13, 1942) is a retired brigadier general of the United States Army and a former NASA astronaut.
Personal
Stewart was born August 13, 1942, in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Hattiesburg High School in Hattie ...
make the first untethered
space walk.
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
*1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
* 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
–
19 – The
1984 Winter Olympics
The 1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games (Serbo-Croatian and Slovene: ''XIV. Zimske olimpijske igre''; Cyrillic: XIV Зимске олимпијске игре; mk, XIV Зимски олимписки игр ...
are held in
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see names in other languages'') is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area including Sarajevo ...
,
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
.
*
February 13 –
Konstantin Chernenko
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko uk, Костянтин Устинович Черненко, translit=Kostiantyn Ustynovych Chernenko (24 September 1911 – 10 March 1985) was a Soviet politician and the seventh General Secretary of the Commu ...
succeeds the late
Yuri Andropov
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (– 9 February 1984) was the sixth paramount leader of the Soviet Union and the fourth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. After Leonid Brezhnev's 18-year rule, Andropov served in the p ...
as
General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
–
President of Bangladesh
The president of Bangladesh ( bn, বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রপতি — ) officially the President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh ( bn, গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশে ...
,
H M Ershad
Lt. Gen. Hussain Muhammad Ershad ( bn, হুসেইন মুহাম্মদ এরশাদ; 1 February 1930 – 14 July 2019) was a Bangladeshi Army Chief politician who served as the President of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990, a time ma ...
upgraded South Sylhet's sub-division status to a district and renamed it back to
Moulvibazar
Moulvibazar ( bn, মৌলভীবাজার) is a town in north-eastern Bangladesh just south of Sylhet. It is the capital of Moulvibazar Sadar Upazila and Moulvibazar District, and is located on the banks of the Manu River. The town has ...
.
*
February 23 –
TED (conference)
TED Conferences, LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is an American-Canadian non-profit media organization that posts international talks online for free distribution under the slogan "ideas worth spreading". TED was founded by Richard Sa ...
founded.
*
February 29
February 29, also known as leap day or leap year day, is a date added to leap years. A leap day is added in various solar calendars (calendars based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun), including the Gregorian calendar standard in mos ...
– Canadian prime minister
Pierre Trudeau announces his retirement.
March
*
March 5 –
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
accuses
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
of using
chemical weapon
A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as a ...
s; the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
condemns their use on
March 30
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
*1282 &ndash ...
.
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
* 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– The United States
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...
station chief in
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
,
William Francis Buckley
William Francis Buckley (May 30, 1928 – June 3, 1985) was a United States Army officer in the United States Army Special Forces, and a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) station chief in Beirut from 1984 until 1985. His cover was as a politica ...
, is kidnapped by the
Islamic Jihad Organization
The Islamic Jihad Organization – IJO ( ar, حركة الجهاد الإسلامي, Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-'Islāmiyy) or ''Organisation du Jihad Islamique'' (OJI) in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" (Arabic: ''Jihad al-Islami'') for ...
and later dies in captivity.
*
March 23
Events Pre-1600
*1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
*1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– General
Rahimuddin Khan becomes the first man in
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...
's history to rule over two of its provinces, after becoming interim Governor of
Sindh.
April
*
April 2
Events Pre-1600
* 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. J ...
– Indian Squadron Leader
Rakesh Sharma
Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma, AC (born 13 January 1949) is a former Indian Air Force pilot who flew aboard Soyuz T-11 on 3 April 1984 as part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme. He is the only Indian citizen to travel in space, although ...
is launched into space, aboard the ''
Soyuz T-11
Soyuz T-11 was the sixth expedition to the Soviet Salyut 7 space station, which in 1984 carried the first Indian cosmonaut along with Soviet crew members.
Salyut 7 was uncrewed after the undocking of Soyuz T-11 in October 1984 until Soyuz T-13 d ...
''.
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
–
Palestinian
Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...
gunmen take Israeli bus number 300 hostage. Israeli special forces storm the bus, freeing the hostages (one hostage, two hijackers killed).
*
April 13 – India launches
Operation Meghdoot
Operation Meghdoot ( "Operation Cloud Messenger" after a famous Sanskrit poem by Kalidasa) was the codename for the Indian Armed Forces' operation to seize control of the Siachen Glacier in Kashmir, precipitating the Siachen conflict. E ...
, bringing most of the disputed
Siachen Glacier
The Siachen Glacier is a glacier located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas at about , just northeast of the point NJ9842 where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan ends. At long, it is the longest glacier in the Kar ...
region of
Kashmir under Indian control and triggering the
Siachen conflict
The Siachen conflict, sometimes referred to as the Siachen Glacier conflict or the Siachen War, was a military conflict between India and Pakistan over the disputed Siachen Glacier region in Kashmir. The conflict was started in 1984 by India' ...
with
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...
.
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
* 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– The first
World Youth Day
World Youth Day (WYD) is an event for young people organized by the Catholic Church that was initiated by Pope John Paul II in 1985, sometimes nicknamed in later years as the "Catholic Woodstock". Its concept has been influenced by the Light-L ...
gathering is held in Rome, Italy.
![Diretas ja 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Diretas_ja_2.JPG)
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
– More than one million people, led by
Tancredo Neves
Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (4 March 1910 – 21 April 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Financ ...
, occupy the streets of
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the Ga ...
to demand direct
presidential elections
A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President.
Elections by country
Albania
The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public.
Chile
The pr ...
during the
Brazilian military government of
João Figueiredo
João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (; 15 January 1918 – 24 December 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who was the 30th president of Brazil from 1979 to 1985, the last of the military regime that ruled the country follo ...
. It is the largest protest during the
Diretas Já
Diretas Já (, ''Direct (Elections) Now'') was a civil unrest movement which, in 1984, demanded direct presidential elections in Brazil.
Participants of the movement
The movement brought together diverse elements of Brazilian society. Participa ...
civil unrest, as well as the largest public demonstration in the history of Brazil. The elections are granted in
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs ...
.
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– ''
Advance Australia Fair
"Advance Australia Fair" is the national anthem of Australia. Written by Scottish-born composer Peter Dodds McCormick, the song was first performed in 1878, sung in Australia as a patriotic song. It first replaced " God Save the Queen" as th ...
'' is proclaimed as Australia's
national anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and Europea ...
, and green and gold as the
national colours
National colours are frequently part of a country's set of national symbols. Many states and nations have formally adopted a set of colours as their official "national colours" while others have ''de facto'' national colours that have become well ...
.
*
April 24
Events Pre-1600
* 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty).
*1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– An X-class
solar flare
A solar flare is an intense localized eruption of electromagnetic radiation in the Sun's atmosphere. Flares occur in active regions and are often, but not always, accompanied by coronal mass ejections, solar particle events, and other sol ...
erupts on the Sun.
*
April 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux.
*1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe.
* 1 ...
– Sultan
Iskandar of Johor
Sultan Iskandar Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail
Retrieved 3 January 2009 ( becomes
Yang di-Pertuan Agong
The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The o ...
of
Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
, in succession to Sultan
Ahmad Shah, whose term ended the previous day.
May
*
May 2
Events Pre-1600
* 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
*1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great.
* 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
– South Africa,
Mozambique
Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...
and Portugal sign an agreement on electricity supply from the
Cahora Bassa
The Cahora Bassa lake—in the Portuguese colonial era (until 1974) known as Cabora Bassa, from
Nyungwe ''Kahoura-Bassa'', meaning "finish the job"—is Africa's fourth-largest artificial lake, situated in the Tete Province in Mozambique. In Afr ...
dam.
*
May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
*1260 – Kub ...
** The Herreys' song ''
Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley
"Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley" was the winning song in the Eurovision Song Contest 1984 performed in Swedish by the trio of brothers Herrey's, representing . Lyrics were written by Britt Lindeborg, and the tune by Torgny Söderberg. It was produced by ...
'' wins the
Eurovision Song Contest for
Sweden in
Luxembourg
Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
. It subsequently became a top ten hit in five European countries.
** The
Itaipu Dam
The Itaipu Dam ( pt, Barragem de Itaipu , es, Represa de Itaipú ) is a hydroelectric dam on the Paraná River located on the border between Brazil and Paraguay. The construction of the dam was first contested by Argentina, but the negotiations ...
, on the border of Brazil and Paraguay after nine years of construction, begins generating power; it was the
largest hydroelectric dam in the world at the time.
*
May 8 – The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
announces that it will boycott the
1984 Summer Olympics
The 1984 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXIII Olympiad and also known as Los Angeles 1984) were an international multi-sport event held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. It marked the sec ...
in
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
.
*
May 11 – A
transit of Earth from Mars takes place.
*
May 12
Events Pre-1600
* 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism.
* 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang d ...
– The
Louisiana World Exposition, also known as the 1984 World's Fair, opens.
*
May 13
Events Pre-1600
*1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''.
* 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...
–
Severomorsk Disaster
The Severomorsk Disaster was a deadly series of munitions fires that resulted in the detonation and destruction of large amounts of munitions that lasted from May 13 to 17, 1984, within the Okolnaya naval munitions depot, near the Severomorsk Nava ...
: an explosion at the Soviets' Severomorsk Naval Base destroys two-thirds of all the missiles stockpiled for the Soviets' Northern Fleet. The blast also destroys workshops needed to maintain the missiles as well as hundreds of technicians. Western military experts called it the worst naval disaster the Soviet Navy has suffered since WWII.
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
*1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– The one-dollar coin is introduced in Australia.
*
May 23
Events Pre-1600
* 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction.
*1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy.
* 1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...
– A methane gas explosion at
Abbeystead
Abbeystead is a small hamlet located in the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, in Lancashire, England. Abbeystead lies close to the Trough of Bowland but even in medieval times, was considered part of Wyresdale rather than w ...
water treatment works in
Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly.
The non-metropolitan county of Lancash ...
, UK, kills 16 people.
*
May 30 –
Liverpool
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the 10th largest English district by population and its metropolitan area is the fifth largest in the United Kingdom, with a populat ...
beat
Roma 5-2 after penalties in the final of the
1984 European Cup football tournament.
June
*
June 5 – The Indian government begins
Operation Blue Star
Operation Blue Star was the codename of a military operation which was carried out by Indian security forces between 1 and 10 June 1984 in order to remove Damdami Taksal leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers from the building ...
, the planned attack on the
Golden Temple in
Amritsar.
*
June 6 –
Tetris
''Tetris'' (russian: link=no, Тетрис) is a puzzle video game created by Soviet software engineer Alexey Pajitnov in 1984. It has been published by several companies for multiple platforms, most prominently during a dispute over the appro ...
is officially released in the Soviet Union on the
Electronika 60
The Electronika 60 (russian: Электроника 60) is a computer made in the Soviet Union by Elektronika in Voronezh.
Overview
Alone the ''Electronika 60'' is a rack-mounted computer with no built-in display or storage devices. It was usu ...
.
*
June 8
Events Pre-1600
* 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
* 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
– A F5
tornado
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
nearly destroys the town of
Barneveld, Wisconsin
Barneveld is a village in Iowa County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,331 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The community was named after John of Barneveld of the Netherlands.
Geograp ...
, killing nine people, injuring nearly 200, and causing over $25,000,000 in damage.
*
June 16
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
* 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
– The Canadian entertainment company,
Cirque du Soleil
Cirque du Soleil (, ; "Circus of the Sun" or "Sun Circus") is a Canadian entertainment company and the largest contemporary circus producer in the world. Located in the inner-city area of Saint-Michel, it was founded in Baie-Saint-Paul on 16 Ju ...
, is founded.
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
–
Virgin Atlantic
Virgin Atlantic, a trading name of Virgin Atlantic Airways Limited and Virgin Atlantic International Limited, is a British airline with its head office in Crawley, England. The airline was established in 1984 as British Atlantic Airways, and ...
makes its inaugural flight.
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
–
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
beats
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
2–0 to win
Euro 84.
*
June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
*1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan ...
–
John Turner
John Napier Wyndham Turner (June 7, 1929September 19, 2020) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 17th prime minister of Canada from June to September 1984. He served as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and leader of t ...
becomes the 17th
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
.
July
*
July 1
**
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein (), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (german: link=no, Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a German-speaking microstate located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland. Liechtenstein is a semi-constitutional monarch ...
becomes the last country in Europe to grant women the
right to vote
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to v ...
.
** Argentinian footballer
Diego Maradona
Diego Armando Maradona (; 30 October 196025 November 2020) was an Argentine professional football player and manager. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport, he was one of the two joint winners of the F ...
is sold by
FC Barcelona
Futbol Club Barcelona (), commonly referred to as Barcelona and colloquially known as Barça (), is a professional football club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish football.
Found ...
(Spain) to
S.S.C. Napoli
Società Sportiva Calcio Napoli, commonly referred to as Napoli (), is an Football in Italy, Italian professional Association football, football List of football clubs in Italy, club based in the city of Naples ( it, Napoli, nap, Napule), Camp ...
(Italy) for a world record fee at this date of $10.48M (£6.9M).
*
July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
* 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
* 142 ...
– New Zealand Prime Minister
Rob Muldoon
Sir Robert David Muldoon (; 25 September 19215 August 1992) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand, from 1975 to 1984, while leader of the National Party.
Serving as a corporal and sergeant in t ...
calls a snap election and is defeated by opposition Labour leader
David Lange
David Russell Lange ( ; 4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 32nd prime minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989.
Lange was born and brought up in Otahuhu, the son of a medical doctor. He became ...
.
![1984-Newspaper-Vending-Machine](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/1984-Newspaper-Vending-Machine.jpg)
*
July 25
Events Pre-1600
* 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
* 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
– ''
Salyut 7'': cosmonaut
Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a
space walk.
*
July 28
Events Pre-1600
*1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina.
*1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Thom ...
–
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
– The
1984 Summer Olympics
The 1984 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXIII Olympiad and also known as Los Angeles 1984) were an international multi-sport event held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. It marked the sec ...
are held in
Los Angeles, California
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
.
August
*
August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Australian banks are
deregulated
Deregulation is the process of removing or reducing state regulations, typically in the economic sphere. It is the repeal of governmental regulation of the economy. It became common in advanced industrial economies in the 1970s and 1980s, as a ...
.
*
August 4
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
** The African republic
Upper Volta changes its name to
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to ...
.
** reaches a record submergence depth of 1,020 meters.
*
August 11
** Barefoot South African runner
Zola Budd
Zola Budd (also known as Zola Pieterse; born 26 May 1966) is a South African middle-distance and long-distance runner. She competed at the 1984 Olympic Games for Great Britain and the 1992 Olympic Games for South Africa, both times in the 30 ...
, and
Mary Decker of the U.S. collide in the Olympic 3,000 meters final, neither finishing as medallists.
*
August 16 –
John DeLorean
John Zachary DeLorean (January 6, 1925 – March 19, 2005) was an American engineer, inventor, and executive in the U.S. automobile industry, widely known for his work at General Motors and as founder of the DeLorean Motor Company.
DeLorean man ...
is acquitted of all eight charges of possessing and distributing
cocaine
Cocaine (from , from , ultimately from Quechua: ''kúka'') is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant mainly used recreationally for its euphoric effects. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South Ameri ...
.
*
August 21 – Half a million people in
Manila
Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...
demonstrate against the regime of
Ferdinand Marcos.
![STS-41-D launch August 30, 1984](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/STS-41-D_launch_August_30%2C_1984.jpg)
*
August 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple.
* 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers.
*1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...
–
STS-41-D
STS-41-D (formerly STS-14) was the 12th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the first mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. It was launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 30, 1984, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, ...
: the
Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' takes off on its maiden voyage.
September
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of the ...
– Seven people are shot and killed and 12 wounded in the
Milperra massacre
The Milperra Massacre, Milperra bikie shoot-out or Father's Day Massacre was a gunfight between rival motorcycle gang members on 2 September (Father's Day in Australia) 1984, in Milperra, a south-western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales. The ...
, a shootout between the rival motorcycle
gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collective ...
s
Bandidos
The Bandidos Motorcycle Club, also known as the Bandido Nation, is an outlaw motorcycle club with a worldwide membership. Formed in San Leon, Texas in 1966, the Bandidos MC is estimated to have between 2,000 and 2,500 members and 303 chapters, l ...
and
Comanchero
The Comancheros were a group of 18th- and 19th-century traders based in northern and central New Mexico. They made their living by trading with the nomadic Great Plains Indian tribes in northeastern New Mexico, West Texas, and other parts of the ...
s in Sydney, Australia.
*
September 4
Events Pre-1600
* 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
* 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne ove ...
– The
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada
The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC; french: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) was a centre-right federal political party in Canada that existed from 1942 to 2003.
From Canadian Confederation in 1867 until 1942, the ...
, led by
Brian Mulroney, wins 211 seats in the
House of Commons of Canada, forming the largest
majority government in Canadian history.
*
September 5
Events Pre-1600
* 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu.
*1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava
*1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry ...
** ''
STS-41-D
STS-41-D (formerly STS-14) was the 12th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the first mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. It was launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 30, 1984, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, ...
'': the
Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' lands after its maiden voyage at
Edwards Air Force Base in
California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
.
** Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish
capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...
.
*
September 7
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
* 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII.
*1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen.
*1191 – Third Cr ...
– An
explosion on board a Maltese patrol boat disposing illegal fireworks at sea off
Gozo kills seven soldiers and policemen.
*
September 14
Events Pre-1600
*AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
* 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire.
* 786 – "Night ...
–
P. W. Botha
Pieter Willem Botha, (; 12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006), commonly known as P. W. and af, Die Groot Krokodil (The Big Crocodile), was a South African politician. He served as the last prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and ...
is inaugurated as the first executive
State President of South Africa.
*
September 14
Events Pre-1600
*AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
* 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire.
* 786 – "Night ...
–
Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a gas balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean.
*
September 16
Events Pre-1600
* 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council.
*1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900
*1620 – A determined band of 35 religio ...
–
Edgar Reitz
Edgar Reitz (born 1 November 1932) is a German filmmaker and Professor of Film at the Staatliche Hochschule für Gestaltung (State University of Design) in Karlsruhe. He is best-known for his internationally acclaimed '' Heimat film series'' (1 ...
's film series ''
Heimat'' begins release in Germany.
*
September 17 –
Brian Mulroney is sworn in as
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
.
*
September 18
Events Pre-1600
* 96 – Domitian, who has been conducting a reign of terror for the past three years, is assassinated as a result of a plot by his wife Domitia and two Praetorian prefects.
* 96 – Nerva is proclaimed Roman emperor a ...
–
Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic, solo, in a
hot air balloon
A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air aircraft consisting of a bag, called an envelope, which contains heated air. Suspended beneath is a gondola or wicker basket (in some long-distance or high-altitude balloons, a capsule), which carries ...
.
*
September 20
Events Pre-1600
*1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland.
*1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin.
*1187 – Saladin b ...
–
Hezbollah car-bombs the U.S. Embassy annex in Beirut, killing 24 people.
*
September 26
Events
Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus.
* 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
*1087 – William II is crown ...
– The United Kingdom and the People's Republic of China sign the initial agreement to return
Hong Kong
Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...
to China in
1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of ...
.
October
*
October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
*1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
–
Tim Macartney-Snape
Tim Macartney-Snape (born 5 January 1956) is a mountaineer and author. On 3 October 1984 Macartney-Snape and Greg Mortimer were the first Australians to reach the summit of Mount Everest. They reached the summit, climbing without supplementary ...
and
Greg Mortimer
Greg Mortimer (born 10 December 1952) is an Australian mountaineer. Mortimer is notable as one of the first two Australians (with Tim Macartney-Snape) to successfully climb Mount Everest, on 3 October 1984. Their ascent, without supplemental o ...
become the first Australians to reach the summit of
Mount Everest
Mount Everest (; Tibetic languages, Tibetan: ''Chomolungma'' ; ) is List of highest mountains on Earth, Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border ru ...
.
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
– ''
STS-41-G'':
Marc Garneau
Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau (born February 23, 1949) is a Canadian politician, retired Royal Canadian Navy officer and former astronaut who served as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Garneau was the mini ...
becomes the first
Canadian in space, aboard the
Space Shuttle ''Challenger''.
*
October 9
Events Pre-1600
* 768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks.
* 1238 – James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
* 1410 – The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock.
* 1446 &ndash ...
-
Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends
''Thomas & Friends'' (originally known as ''Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends'' and later ''Thomas & Friends: Big World! Big Adventures!'') is a British children's television series that aired across 24 series from 1984 to 2021. Based on ''The ...
by
Britt Allcroft
Britt Allcroft (born Hilary Mary Allcroft, 14 December 1943) is a British writer, producer, director and voice actress. She is the creator of the children's television series ''Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends'' (later re-titled ''Thomas & Friend ...
broadcasts its first 2 episodes in the United Kingdom.
*
October 11
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.
*1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
* 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Engl ...
** Aboard the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'', astronaut
Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a
space walk.
**
Aeroflot Flight 3352 crashed at
Omsk Airport into maintenance vehicles on the runway, killing 174 people on board and 4 on the ground.
*
October 12
Events Pre-1600
* 539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar)
* 633 – Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed by an alliance u ...
– The
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...
(PIRA) attempts to assassinate
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...
Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (; 13 October 19258 April 2013) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the first female British prime ...
and the British
Cabinet in the
Brighton hotel bombing
A Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) assassination attempt against members of the British government took place on 12 October 1984 at the Grand Hotel in Brighton, East Sussex, England, United Kingdom. A long-delay time bomb was plan ...
. The terror attack kills five people and injures 31.
*
October 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings.
* 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
– The
Detroit Tigers defeat the
San Diego Padres
The San Diego Padres are an American professional baseball team based in San Diego. The Padres compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1969, the club has won two NL penn ...
in game five of the 1984 World Series to win the franchise's 4th championship.
*
October 19
Events Pre-1600
* 202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the army defending Carthage.
* 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in ...
– Polish
secret police
Secret police (or political police) are intelligence, security or police agencies that engage in covert operations against a government's political, religious, or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of ...
kidnap
Jerzy Popiełuszko
Jerzy Popiełuszko ( born Alfons Popiełuszko; 14 September 1947–19 October 1984) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest who became associated with the opposition Solidarity trade union in communist Poland. He was murdered in 1984 by three ag ...
, a Catholic priest who supports the
Solidarity movement. His body is found in a
reservoir
A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation.
Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ...
11 days later on
October 30
Events Pre-1600
* 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge.
* 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
*1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Ro ...
.
*
October 20
Events Pre-1600
*1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent.
* 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
–
Monterey Bay Aquarium
Monterey Bay Aquarium is a nonprofit public aquarium in Monterey, California. Known for its regional focus on the marine habitats of Monterey Bay, it was the first to exhibit a living kelp forest when it opened in October 1984. Its biologists ...
is opened to the public after seven years of development and construction.
*
October 23
Events Pre-1600
*4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible.
*42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Batt ...
– The world learns from moving
BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world. The department is the world's largest broad ...
television reports presented by
Michael Buerk
Michael Duncan Buerk (born 18 February 1946) is a British journalist and newsreader. He presented BBC News from 1973 to 2002 and has been the host of BBC Radio 4's '' The Moral Maze'' since 1990. He was also the presenter of BBC One's docudrama ...
of the
famine in Ethiopia, where thousands of people have already died of
starvation due to a
famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, natural disasters, crop failure, population imbalance, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompani ...
, and as many as 10,000,000 more lives are at risk.
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– The
European Economic Community makes £1.8 million available to help combat the famine in Ethiopia.
*
October 31
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor.
* 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down.
* 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...
–
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated at 9:30 a.m. on 31 October 1984 at her residence in Safdarjung Road, New Delhi. She was killed by her bodyguards Satwant Singh and Beant Singh in the aftermath of Operation Blue Star, ...
:
Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi is assassinated by her two Sikh security guards in New Delhi.
Anti-Sikh riots
The 1984 Anti-Sikh Riots, also known as the 1984 Sikh Massacre, was a series of organised pogroms against Sikhs in India following the assassination of Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards. Government estimates project that about 2,800 Sikhs ...
break out, leaving 10,000 to 20,000 Sikhs dead in Delhi and surrounding areas with majority populations of Hindus.
Rajiv Gandhi becomes Prime Minister of India.
November
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
–
4 –
Anti Sikh Mass murder took place in
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...
and various parts of India following
the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
– The
Sandinista Front
The Sandinista National Liberation Front ( es, Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas () in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto Cé ...
wins the
Nicaragua
Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the countr ...
n
general elections
A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...
.
*
November 6
Events Pre-1600
* 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers.
* 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
–
1984 United States presidential election
The 1984 United States presidential election was the 50th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1984. Incumbent Republican President Ronald Reagan defeated Democratic former Vice President Walter Mondale, in ...
: Republican President
Ronald Reagan defeats Democratic former Vice President
Walter F. Mondale with 59% of the popular vote, the highest since
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
's 61%
popular vote victory in
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using mean solar tim ...
. Reagan carries 49 states in the
electoral college; Mondale wins only his home state of
Minnesota
Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...
(by a mere 3,761 vote margin) and the
District of Columbia
)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
.
![ElectoralCollege1984](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/ElectoralCollege1984.svg)
*
November 9–
11 – The first
Hackers Conference is held.
*
November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the ...
– The
Louisiana World Exposition, also known as The 1984 World's Fair, and also the New Orleans World's Fair, and, to the locals, simply as "The Fair" or "Expo 84", closes.
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
–
Western Sahara conflict
The Western Sahara conflict is an ongoing conflict between the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic/ Polisario Front and the Kingdom of Morocco. The conflict originated from an insurgency by the Polisario Front against Spanish colonial forces ...
:
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...
leaves the
Organization of African Unity
The Organisation of African Unity (OAU; french: Organisation de l'unité africaine, OUA) was an intergovernmental organization established on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with 32 signatory governments. One of the main heads for OAU's ...
in protest at the admission of
Western Sahara
Western Sahara ( '; ; ) is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), while the ...
as a member.
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
*1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
...
–
Zamboanga City
Zamboanga City, officially the City of Zamboanga (Chavacano and es, Ciudad de Zamboanga, Tausūg: ''Dāira sin Sambuangan'', fil, Lungsod ng Zamboanga, ceb, Dakbayan sa Zamboanga), is a city in the Zamboanga Peninsula region of the Philipp ...
mayor
Cesar Climaco, a prominent critic of the government of
Philippine President
The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
Ferdinand Marcos, is assassinated in his home city.
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Batt ...
– A
series of explosions at the
Pemex Petroleum Storage Facility at
San Juan Ixhuatepec, in Mexico City, ignites a major fire and kills about 500 people.
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
* 164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 ...
– Start of
Operation Moses
Operation Moses ( he, מִבְצָע מֹשֶׁה, ''Mivtza Moshe'') was the covert evacuation of Ethiopian Jews (known as the "Beta Israel" community or "Falashas") from Sudan during a civil war that caused a famine in 1984. Originally called '' ...
, the evacuation of refugee
Beta Israel Ethiopian Jews from
Sudan to
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
via Brussels.
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
**
Band Aid (assembled by
Bob Geldof) records the charity single ''
Do They Know It's Christmas?
"Do They Know It's Christmas?" is a charity song written in 1984 by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia. It was first recorded by Band Aid, a supergroup assembled by Geldof and Ure consisting of pop ...
'' in London to raise money to combat the
famine in Ethiopia. It is released on
December 3
Events Pre-1600
* 915 – Pope John X crowns Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor (probable date). 1601–1900
* 1775 – American Revolutionary War: becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the ...
.
** 1984 Uruguayan presidential election:
Julio María Sanguinetti
Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo (; born 6 January 1936 in Montevideo, Uruguay) is a Uruguayan politician, lawyer and journalist, who twice served as President of Uruguay (from March 1985 until March 1990, and again, from March 1995 until Marc ...
is democratically elected President of Uruguay after 12 years of
military dictatorship.
*
November 28
Events Pre-1600
* 587 – Treaty of Andelot
The Treaty of Andelot (or Pact of Andelot) was signed at Andelot-Blancheville in 587 between King Guntram of Burgundy and Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. Based on the terms of the accord, Brun ...
– Over 250 years after their deaths,
William Penn
William Penn ( – ) was an English writer and religious thinker belonging to the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, a North American colony of England. He was an early advocate of democracy a ...
and his wife
Hannah Callowhill Penn
Hannah Margaret Penn ( Callowhill; 11 February 1671 – 20 December 1726) was an Anglo-American governor. The second wife of Pennsylvania founder William Penn, she effectively administered the Province of Pennsylvania for six years after he ...
are made
Honorary Citizens of the United States.
*
November 30
Events Pre-1600
* 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900
*1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...
–
Kent and Dollar Farm massacres: the
Tamil Tigers
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE; ta, தமிழீழ விடுதலைப் புலிகள், translit=Tamiḻīḻa viṭutalaip pulikaḷ, si, දෙමළ ඊළාම් විමුක්ති කොටි, t ...
begin the purge of the
Sinhalese people
Sinhalese people ( si, සිංහල ජනතාව, Sinhala Janathāva) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to the island of Sri Lanka. They were historically known as Hela people ( si, හෙළ). They constitute about 75% of ...
from North and East
Sri Lanka; 127 are killed.
December
![Boeing 720 Controlled Impact Demonstration](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Boeing_720_Controlled_Impact_Demonstration.jpg)
*
December 1
Events Pre-1600
* 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III.
*1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France.
* ...
– A peace agreement between
Kenya
)
, national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"()
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Nairobi
, coordinates =
, largest_city = Nairobi
...
and
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...
is signed in the
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
ian capital
Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the Capital city, capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, List of ...
. With this agreement, in which Somalia officially renounces its historical territorial claims, relations between the two countries began to improve.
*
December 2
Events Pre-1600
*1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon.
* 1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900
*1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...
–
1984 Australian federal election:
Bob Hawke's
Labor
Labour or labor may refer to:
* Childbirth, the delivery of a baby
* Labour (human activity), or work
** Manual labour, physical work
** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer
** Organized labour and the la ...
Government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...
is re-elected with a reduced majority, defeating the
Liberal
Liberal or liberalism may refer to:
Politics
* a supporter of liberalism
** Liberalism by country
* an adherent of a Liberal Party
* Liberalism (international relations)
* Sexually liberal feminism
* Social liberalism
Arts, entertainment and m ...
/
National
National may refer to:
Common uses
* Nation or country
** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen
Places in the United States
* National, Maryland, c ...
Coalition led by
Andrew Peacock
Andrew Sharp Peacock (13 February 193916 April 2021) was an Australian politician and diplomat. He served as a cabinet minister and went on to become leader of the Liberal Party on two occasions (1983–1985 and 1989–1990), leading the pa ...
.
*
December 3
Events Pre-1600
* 915 – Pope John X crowns Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor (probable date). 1601–1900
* 1775 – American Revolutionary War: becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the ...
–
Bhopal disaster
The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a chemical accident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. Considered the world's ...
: A
methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO. Synonyms are isocyanatomethane and methyl carbylamine. Methyl isocyanate is an intermediate chemical in the production of carbamate pesticides (such as carbaryl, ...
leak from a
Union Carbide
Union Carbide Corporation is an American chemical corporation wholly owned subsidiary (since February 6, 2001) by Dow Chemical Company. Union Carbide produces chemicals and polymers that undergo one or more further conversions by customers befo ...
pesticide plant in
Bhopal
Bhopal (; ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the ''City of Lakes'' due to its various natural and artificial lakes. It i ...
,
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the seco ...
, India, kills more than 8,000 people outright and injures over half a million (with more later dying from their injuries the death toll reaches 23,000+) in the worst industrial disaster in history.
*
December 4
Events Pre-1600
* 771 – Austrasian king Carloman I dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne as sole king of the Frankish Kingdom.
* 963 – The lay papal protonotary is elected pope and takes the name Leo VIII, being consecrated on 6 ...
**
Sri Lankan Civil War:
Sri Lankan Army soldiers
kill
Kill often refers to:
*Homicide, one human killing another
*cause death, to kill a living organism, to cause its death
Kill may also refer to:
Media
*'' Kill!'', a 1968 film directed by Kihachi Okamoto
* ''Kill'' (Cannibal Corpse album), 2006
* ...
107–150 civilians in
Mannar.
**
Hezbollah militants
hijack a
Kuwait Airlines
Kuwait Airways ( ar, الخطوط الجوية الكويتية, ) is the national carrier of Kuwait, with its head office on the grounds of Kuwait International Airport, Al Farwaniyah Governorate. It operates scheduled international services thr ...
plane and kill 4 passengers.
*
December 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1154 – Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey.
* 1187 – Pope Clement III is elected.
* 1490 – Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy.
* 1562 &ndas ...
– The People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom sign the
Sino-British Joint Declaration
The Sino-British Joint Declaration is a treaty between the governments of the United Kingdom and China signed in 1984 setting the conditions in which Hong Kong was transferred to Chinese control and for the governance of the territory after ...
on the future of Hong Kong.
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
–
Disappearance of Jonelle Matthews from
Greeley, Colorado
Greeley is the List of municipalities in Colorado#Home rule municipality, home rule municipality city that is the county seat and the List of municipalities in Colorado, most populous municipality of Weld County, Colorado, Weld County, Colorado, ...
. Her remains were discovered on 23 July 2019, located about southeast of Jonelle's home. The cause of death "was a gunshot wound to the head".
*
December 22
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Vespasian is proclaimed Emperor of Rome; his predecessor, Vitellius, attempts to abdicate but is captured and killed at the Gemonian stairs.
* 401 – Pope Innocent I is elected, the only pope to succeed h ...
** Four
African-American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ensl ...
youths (
Barry Allen,
Troy Canty,
James Ramseur, and
Darrell Cabey) board an express train in the
Bronx
The Bronx () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the state of New York. It is south of Westchester County; north and east of the New York City borough of Manhattan, across the Harlem River; and north of the New Y ...
borough of New York City. They attempt to rob
Bernhard Goetz
On December 22, 1984, Bernhard Goetz () shot four young men on a New York City Subway train in Manhattan after they allegedly tried to rob him.
Goetz surrendered to police nine days later and was charged with attempted murder, assault, reckles ...
, who shoots them. The event starts a national debate about urban crime in the United States.
** In
Malta
Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
, Prime Minister
Dom Mintoff
Dominic Mintoff, ( mt, Duminku Mintoff, ; often called ''il-Perit'', "the Architect"; 6 August 1916 – 20 August 2012) was a Maltese Socialist politician, architect, and civil engineer who was leader of the Labour Party from 1949 to 198 ...
resigns.
*
December 28
Events Pre-1600
* 418 – A papal conclave begins, resulting in the election of Pope Boniface I.
* 457 – Majorian is acclaimed as Western Roman emperor.
* 484 – Alaric II succeeds his father Euric and becomes king of the ...
– A
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
cruise missile plunges into Inarinjärvi lake in Finnish
Lapland. Finnish authorities announce the fact in public on January 3, 1985.
Date unknown
*
1983–85 famine in Ethiopia intensifies with renewed drought by mid-year, killing a million people by the end of this year.
*
Crack cocaine, a smokeable form of the drug, is first introduced into Los Angeles and soon spreads across the United States in what becomes known as the
crack epidemic
The crack epidemic was a surge of crack cocaine use in major cities across the United States throughout the entirety of the 1980s and the early 1990s. This resulted in a number of social consequences, such as increasing crime and violence in Amer ...
.
* The
Chrysler Corporation introduces the first vehicles to be officially labeled as "
minivan
Minivan (sometimes called simply as van) is a North American car classification for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe is ...
s". They are branded as the
Chrysler Town & Country
The Chrysler Town & Country is a minivan that was manufactured and marketed by Chrysler from 1990 to the 2016 model years. The third of the Chrysler minivans introduced, the 1990 Town & Country shared its nameplate with the flagship Chrysler st ...
,
Dodge Caravan
The Dodge Caravan (and the long-wheelbase Dodge Grand Caravan) is a series of minivans that was manufactured by Chrysler from the 1984 to 2020 model years. The Dodge version of the Chrysler minivans, the Caravan was marketed as both a passenger v ...
, and
Plymouth Voyager
Plymouth Voyager is a nameplate for a range of vans that were marketed by the Plymouth division of Chrysler. From 1974 until 1983, the Voyager was a full-size van, sold as the counterpart of Dodge Sportsman (later the Dodge Ram Wagon). For 1984 ...
.
Births
January
![Calvin Harris - Rock in Rio Madrid 2012 - 09](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Calvin_Harris_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_09.jpg)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
–
Paolo Guerrero
José Paolo Guerrero Gonzales (; born 1 January 1984), known as Paolo Guerrero, is a Peruvian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Brasileirão club Avaí and the Peru national team.
Forging his career in Germany, Guerrero s ...
, Peruvian footballer
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
* 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
**
Shariff Abdul Samat
Muhammad Shariff bin Abdul Samat (5 January 1984 – 10 February 2020) was a Singaporean international footballer.
Shariff is the son of former Singaporean international Samad Allapitchay and like his father, he usually played as a centre-ba ...
, Singaporean footballer (d.
2020
2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
)
**
Diego Gómez, Argentine-French footballer
*
January 6
**
Priit Loog
Priit is an Estonian masculine given name, cognate to English Fred or Frederick and to German Friedrich.
People named Priit include:
*Priit Aavik (born 1994), swimmer
* Priit Aimla (born 1941), writer, poet, humorist and politician
*Priit Her ...
, Estonian actor
**
Kate McKinnon
Kate McKinnon Berthold (born January 6, 1984) is an American actress, comedian, and writer. She is known for her character work and celebrity impressions on the sketch comedy series ''Saturday Night Live'' (2012–2022), of which she was a cas ...
, American actress and comedian
*
January 7 –
Max Riemelt, German actor and director
*
January 10 –
Kalki Koechlin
Kalki Koechlin (; born 10 January 1984) is a French actress and writer who works in Hindi films. Known for her unconventional body of work, she is the recipient of such accolades as a National Film Award, a Filmfare Award, and two Screen Awar ...
, French-Indian film actress
*
January 11
Events Pre-1600
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence.
* 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muha ...
–
Mark Forster, German singer-songwriter
*
January 13
**
Eleni Ioannou, Greek martial artist (d.
2004)
**
Nathaniel Motte, American songwriter, performer, singer, music producer, film composer, instrumentalist, and playwright
*
January 15
**
Megan Quann, American swimmer
**
Victor Rasuk
Victor Rasuk (born January 15, 1984) is an American actor.
Early life
Rasuk was born in New York City, to Dominican parents. His mother worked as a seamstress, and his father at an auto shop. He has one brother, actor Silvestre Rasuk, with whom ...
, American actor
**
Ben Shapiro
Benjamin Aaron Shapiro (born January 15, 1984) is an American attorney, businessman, columnist, conservative political commentator, and media personality. At age 17, he became the youngest nationally syndicated columnist in the United States. ...
, American political commentator and writer
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
*38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
* 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
**
Cassie Hager, American basketball player
**
Calvin Harris, British dance musician
*
January 18
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail.
* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...
**
Seung-Hui Cho
Seung-Hui Cho (, properly Cho Seung-hui; January 18, 1984 – April 16, 2007) was a Korean-born mass murderer responsible for the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007. Cho killed 32 people and wounded 17 others with two semi-automatic pistols on Apr ...
, Korean-born American
Virginia Tech massacre
The Virginia Tech shooting was a spree shooting that occurred on April 16, 2007, comprising two attacks on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. Seung-Hui Cho, an ...
gunman (d.
2007)
**
Makoto Hasebe, Japanese footballer
**
Alaixys Romao, Togolese footballer
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...
**
Trent Cutler, Australian rugby league player
**
Zakia Mrisho Mohamed
Zakia Mrisho Mohamed (born February 19, 1984) is a Tanzanian long distance runner who specialises in track and road running. She represented her country in the 5000 metres at the 2008 Olympic Games and 2012 Olympic Games.
Born in Singida, ...
, Tanzanian long-distance runner
**
Aliona Savchenko, Ukrainian-born German pair skater
**
Thomas Vanek
Thomas Vanek (born 19 January 1984) is an Austrian former professional ice hockey left winger. He played fourteen years in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Buffalo Sabres, New York Islanders, Montreal Canadiens, Minnesota Wild, Detroit R ...
, Austrian hockey player
**
Lil Scrappy
Darryl Raynard Richardson III (born January 19, 1984), better known by his stage name Lil Scrappy, is an American rapper.
Richardson was discovered by producer and performer Lil Jon while performing at a bar in Atlanta. Along with labelmates T ...
, American rapper
*
January 21
Events Pre-1600
* 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa.
* 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded when ...
**
Luke Grimes
Luke Timothy Grimes (born January 21, 1984) is an American actor. He is known for his role as real life Navy SEAL Marc Alan Lee in the acclaimed film ''American Sniper''. He played Christian Grey's brother, Elliot, in the film '' Fifty Shades of ...
, American actor
**
Karim Haggui
Karim Haggui ( ar, كريم حقي; born 20 January 1984) is a Tunisian former footballer who played as a defender. His last club was FC St. Gallen.
Club career
Early career
Born in Kasserine, Haggui started his career in 1998 with AS Kas ...
, Tunisian footballer
**
Karen Schwarz, Peruvian actress and TV host
*
January 22 –
Raica Oliveira, Brazilian supermodel
*
January 23
Events Pre-1600
* 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor.
* 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao.
*1264 & ...
–
Arjen Robben
Arjen Robben (; born 23 January 1984) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a winger. He was known for his dribbling skills, speed, ball control and long-range shots. Robben is regarded as one of the best players of his gener ...
, Dutch footballer
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
**
Emerse Faé, Ivorian footballer
**
Yotam Halperin, Israeli basketball player
**
Witold Kiełtyka, Polish musician (d.
2007)
*
January 25
**
Stefan Kießling, German football player
**
Robinho
Robson de Souza ( or , born 25 January 1984), known as Robinho (), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward.
In 1999, at 15 years of age, Robinho was picked by Brazil legend Pelé as his heir apparent and, in 2002 ...
, Brazilian footballer
* January 26 – Luo Xuejuan, Chinese swimmer
* January 28 – Andre Iguodala, American basketball player
* January 29
** Natalie du Toit, South African swimmer
** Safee Sali, Malaysian footballer
February
![Karolina Kurkova 2011 Shankbone](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Karolina_Kurkova_2011_Shankbone.JPG)
* February 1
** Darren Fletcher, Scottish football player
** Abbi Jacobson, American comedian, writer and actress
** Lee Thompson Young, American actor (d. 2013)
*
February 3
** Elizabeth Holmes, American fraudster who founded Theranos
** Kim Joon, South Korean rapper, actor, and model
* February 4 – Mauricio Pinilla, Chilean footballer
* February 5 – Carlos Tevez, Argentinian football player
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
*1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
* 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
– Cecily Strong, American actress and comedian
* February 9 – Han Geng, Chinese singer in Korea (Super Junior)
* February 10 – Kim Hyo-jin, South Korean actress
* February 11
** Mai Demizu, Japanese announcer
** Aubrey O'Day, American singer and actress
* February 12 – Brad Keselowski, American stock car driver
* February 15
** Doda (singer), Doda, Polish singer and model
** The Duffer Brothers, Matt and Ross Duffer, American screenwriters and directors
* February 16 – Oussama Mellouli, Tunisian Olympic swimmer
* February 17 – AB de Villiers, South African cricketer
* February 18 – Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
* February 19 – Marissa Meyer, American novelist
* February 20 – Trevor Noah, South African comedian, actor, and television personality
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
– Tommy Bowe, Irish rugby union player
* February 24 – Wilson Bethel, American actor
* February 25
** Xing Huina, Chinese athlete
** Filip Šebo, Slovak footballer
* February 26
** Emmanuel Adebayor, Togolese footballer
** Beren Saat, Turkish actress
* February 28 – Karolína Kurková, Czech model
*
February 29
February 29, also known as leap day or leap year day, is a date added to leap years. A leap day is added in various solar calendars (calendars based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun), including the Gregorian calendar standard in mos ...
** Mark Foster (singer), Mark Foster, American singer and composer, frontman of Foster the People
** Alicia Hollowell, American softball pitcher
** Cullen Jones, American Olympic swimmer
** Cam Ward, Canadian hockey player
March
![Antonoff in Tucson (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Antonoff_in_Tucson_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* March 1
** Claudio Bieler, Argentinian football player
** Brandon Stanton, American photographer and blogger
* March 6 – Daniël de Ridder, Dutch footballer
* March 7
** Steve Burtt Jr., American-Ukrainian basketball player
** Mathieu Flamini, French football player
** Brandon T. Jackson, American stand-up comedian, actor and rapper
* March 8
** Matthew Wong, Canadian artist (d. 2019)
** Ross Taylor, New Zealand cricketer
* March 9 – Julia Mancuso, U.S. Olympic skier
* March 10 – Olivia Wilde, American actress
* March 11 – Tom James, British rower
* March 12
** Jaimie Alexander, American actress
** Shreya Ghoshal, Indian playback singer
* March 13 – Noel Fisher, Canadian actor
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
* 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
** Michael Ennis, Australian rugby league player
** Hosea Gear, New Zealand Rugby Union player
* March 18 – Michael Schmid (skier), Michael Schmid, Swiss Olympic freestyle skier
* March 19 – Bianca Balti, Italian model
* March 20
** iJustine, Justine Ezarik, Internet celebrity and actress
** Christy Carlson Romano, American actress and singer
** Fernando Torres, Spanish football player
* March 21 – Sopho Gelovani, Georgian singer
* March 22 – Didit Hediprasetyo, Indonesian fashion designer and socialite
* March 24
** Chris Bosh, American basketball player
** Park Bom, South Korean singer
* March 25 – Katharine McPhee, ''American Idol'' finalist
* March 26 – Stéphanie Lapointe, Canadian singer
*
March 30
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
*1282 &ndash ...
** Helena Mattsson, Swedish actress
** Justin Moore, American country music singer
** Anna Nalick, American singer
** Samantha Stosur, Australian tennis player
April
![America Ferrara Cannes 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/America_Ferrara_Cannes_2014.jpg)
* April 1 – Murali Vijay, Indian cricketer
* April 3 – Allana Slater, Australian gymnast
* April 4 – Haitham Ahmed Zaki, Egyptian actor (d. 2019)
* April 5
** Marshall Allman, American actor
** Aram Mp3, Armenian singer-songwriter, comedian and showman
** Saba Qamar, Pakistani actress and model
** Phil Wickham, American musician
* April 8
** Austin Ejide, Nigerian footballer
** Ezra Koenig, American musician
* April 9
** Linda Chung, Canadian TVB actress and singer
** Adam Loewen, Canadian pitcher
* April 10 – Mandy Moore, American singer-songwriter, and actress
* April 11
** Kelli Garner, American actress
** Nikola Karabatić, French handball player
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Luisel Ramos, Uruguayan model (d. 2006)
*
April 13 – Hiro Mizushima, Japanese actor and writer
* April 14
** Kyle Coetzer, Scottish cricketer
** Adán Sánchez, American singer (d.
2004)
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
* 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– Zizan Razak, Malaysian comedian
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
** Amelia Atwater-Rhodes, American author
** Claire Foy, English actress
* April 17
**Siyar Bahadurzada, Afghan-Dutch mixed martial artist
**Rosanna Davison, Irish model, Miss World 2003
* April 18 – America Ferrera, American actress, producer, and director
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
** Lee Da-hae, South Korean actress
** Dmitry Trunenkov, Russian Olympic bobsledder
* April 20
** John Jairo Castillo, Colombian football player
** Tyson Griffin, American MMA fighter
* April 22 – Amelle Berrabah, British singer
* April 23 – Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
*
April 24
Events Pre-1600
* 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty).
*1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Tyson Ritter, American singer-songwriter
* April 25 – Melonie Diaz, American actress
*
April 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux.
*1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe.
* 1 ...
– Emily Wickersham, American actress
* April 27
** Fabien Gilot, French Olympic swimmer
** Patrick Stump, American musician and singer-songwriter (Fall Out Boy)
* April 29
** Taylor Cole, American actress and model
** Kirby Cote, Canadian Paralympic swimmer
** Paulius Jankūnas, Lithuanian basketball player
** Lina Krasnoroutskaya, Russian tennis player and commentator
** Vassilis Xanthopoulos, Greek basketball player
May
![Carmelo Anthony Nov 2013](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Carmelo_Anthony_Nov_2013.jpg)
* May 1
** Kerry Bishé, American actress
** Alexander Farnerud, Swedish footballer
* May 3
** Cheryl Burke, American professional dancer
** Morgan Kibby, American actress and singer-songwriter
* May 4
** Little Boots, British pop singer
** Sarah Meier (figure skater), Sarah Meier, Swiss figure skater
*
May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
*1260 – Kub ...
– Chris Birchall, Trinidadian footballer
* May 7
** Kevin Owens, Canadian professional wrestler
** Alex Smith, American football player
*
May 8
** Francesco Servino, Italian journalist and activist
** Martin Compston, Scottish actor and former professional footballer
* May 10 – Pe'er Tasi, Israeli singer
*
May 11 – Andrés Iniesta, Spanish footballer
*
May 12
Events Pre-1600
* 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism.
* 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang d ...
– Sajjad Anoushiravani, Iranian weightlifter
*
May 13
Events Pre-1600
*1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''.
* 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...
– Hannah New, English actress and model
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
*1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
** Gary Ablett Jr., Australian rules footballer
** Olly Murs, English singer
** Mark Zuckerberg, American founder and CEO of Facebook
* May 17
** Jayson Blair (actor), Jayson Blair, American actor
** Alejandro Edda, Mexican-American actor
** Andreas Kofler, Austrian ski jumper
** Passenger (singer), Passenger, English singer and songwriter
** Christine Robinson, Canadian water polo player
* May 18 – Yuri Kolovorotny, former Russian professional football player
* May 20
** Dilara Kazimova, Azerbaijani singer and actress
** Naturi Naughton, American singer and actress
* May 21
** Jackson Pearce, American novelist
** Gary Woodland, American golfer
*
May 23
Events Pre-1600
* 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction.
*1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy.
* 1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...
– Adam Wylie, American actor
* May 24 – Monica Bergamelli, Italian artistic gymnast
* May 25
** Kyle Brodziak, Canadian ice hockey player
** Emma Marrone, Italian pop/rock singer
** Kostas Martakis, Greek singer, model and occasional actor
** Nikolai Pokotylo, Russian singer
** Marion Raven, Norwegian singer and songwriter
** Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir, Miss Iceland, crowned Miss World 2005
* May 29
** Carmelo Anthony, African-American basketball player
** Nia Jax, Australian-born American professional wrestler
** Aleksei Tishchenko, Russian Olympic boxer
* May 31
** Milorad Čavić, Serbian swimmer
** Yael Grobglas, Israeli actress
June
![Fantasia Barrino](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Fantasia_Barrino.jpg)
* June 1
** Olivier Tielemans, Dutch racing driver
** Naidangiin Tüvshinbayar, Mongolian judoka
* June 4
** Jillian Murray, American actress
** Rainie Yang, Taiwanese singer
*
June 5 – Iris van Herpen, Dutch fashion designer
* June 7 – Balli Kalyanachakravarthy, Indian politician
*
June 8
Events Pre-1600
* 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
* 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
** Andrea Casiraghi, Prince of Monaco
** Javier Mascherano, Argentinian footballer
* June 9 – Wesley Sneijder, Dutch footballer
* June 13
** Bérengère Schuh, French archer
** Phillip Van Dyke, American actor
* June 15 – Tim Lincecum, American baseball player
*
June 16
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
* 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
** Emiri Miyasaka, Japanese model
** Rick Nash, Canadian hockey player
* June 17 – John Gallagher Jr., American actor, singer, and dancer
* June 19 – Paul Dano, American actor and producer
* June 19 – Teri Ijeoma, American entrepreneur
* June 21
** Kim Ho-jun, South Korean football player
** Zabit Samedov, Azerbaijani kickboxer
** Erick Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Janko Tipsarević, Serbian tennis player
* June 23 – Duffy (singer), Duffy, Welsh singer
* June 24
** Javier Ambrossi, Spanish actor, stage director and film director
** JJ Redick, American basketball player
* June 25
** Lauren Bush, American model and producer
** Killian Donnelly, Irish musical theatre performer
* June 26
** Raymond Felton, American basketball player
** Assan Jatta, Gambian football striker
** Aubrey Plaza, American actress
** Deron Williams, American basketball player
** Eddie Wineland, American mixed martial artist
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
** Son Ho-jun, South Korean singer and actor
** Khloé Kardashian, American television personality
* June 28 – Eric Friedman, American musician and songwriter
*
June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
*1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan ...
** Fantasia Barrino, American singer
** Nikos Oikonomopoulos, Greek singer
** Yu Koshikawa, Japanese volleyball player
July
![Gina Rodriguez at 2014 PaleyFest](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Gina_Rodriguez_at_2014_PaleyFest.jpg)
* July – James Holzhauer, American game show champion
*
July 1
** Jason Reeves (songwriter), Jason Reeves, American singer-songwriter and musician
** Donald Thomas (high jumper), Donald Thomas, Bahamian high jumper
** Heo Jae-won, South Korean football player
* July 2
** Johnny Weir, American figure skater, fashion designer, and television commentator
** Vinny Magalhães, Brazilian mixed martial artist
* July 3 – Syed Rasel, Bangladeshi cricketer
* July 4
** Jin Akanishi, Japanese singer and actor
** Lee Je-hoon, South Korean actor
* July 5
** Yu Yamada, Japanese model, actress, and singer
** Yeon Woo-jin, South Korean actor
** Danay García, Cuban actress and model
* July 6 – Lauren Harris, British rock musician
* July 7
** Oleksiy Honcharuk, Ukrainian politician
** AG Coco, Malaysian musician
** Mohammad Ashraful, Bangladeshi cricketer
* July 9 – LA Tenorio, Filipino professional basketball player
* July 10
** Laurent Recouderc, French tennis player
** Mark González, South African-Chilean footballer
** Óscar Escandón, Colombian boxer
** María Julia Mantilla, Peruvian actress, dancer, model, teacher, and beauty queen
* July 11
** Tiffiny Hall, Australian author, journalist and television personality
** Tanith Belbin White, Canadian-American figure skater
** Joe Pavelski, American hockey player
** Serinda Swan, Canadian actress
** Rachael Taylor, Australian actress
* July 12
** Gareth Gates, English singer
** Amanda Hocking, American fantasy novelist
** Natalie Martinez, American actress and model
** Michael McGovern (footballer), Michael McGovern, Northern Irish footballer
** Sami Zayn, Syrian Canadian professional wrestler
* July 13 – Pio Marmaï, French actor
* July 15
** Vincent Wan (actor), Vincent Wan, Hong Kong actor
** Rustam Totrov, Russian Greco-Roman wrestler
** Lars Øvrebø, Norwegian football player
* July 16 – Sašo Bertoncelj, Slovenian male artistic gymnast
* July 17 – Mohamed Bouchaïb, Libya-Algerian actor
* July 18
** Sam Sexton, British professional boxer
** Liv Boeree, English poker player and TV presenter
** Josh Harding, Canadian hockey player
* July 19
** Lasse Gjertsen, Norwegian videographer
** Andrea Libman, Canadian actress
** Diana Mocanu, Romanian swimmer
** Zhu Zhu, Chinese actress and singer
* July 20 – Huang Yi-hua, Taiwanese table tennis player
* July 21
** Sarah Greene (actress), Sarah Greene, Irish actress and singer
** Iris Strubegger, Austrian model
* July 23 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
* July 26 – Kyriakos Ioannou, Cypriot high jumper
* July 27 – Taylor Schilling, American actress
*
July 28
Events Pre-1600
*1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina.
*1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Thom ...
** Ali Krieger, American soccer player
** Zach Parise, American hockey player
** John David Washington, American actor and former American football player
* July 30
** Anna Bessonova, Ukrainian rhythmic gymnast
** Gina Rodriguez, American actress and producer
August
![Ryan Lochte at 2013 Zajac](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Ryan_Lochte_at_2013_Zajac.jpg)
*
August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
** Danny Tidwell, American dancer (d.
2020
2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
)
** Bastian Schweinsteiger, German football player
* August 2 – Giampaolo Pazzini, Italian footballer
* August 3 – Ryan Lochte, American swimmer
* August 5 – Helene Fischer, German singer and entertainer
* August 10 – Ryan Eggold, American film and television actor
*
August 11
** Mojtaba Abedini, Iranian Olympic fencer
** Melky Cabrera, American baseball player
*
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
– Sherone Simpson, Jamaican athlete
* August 13
** Alexander Bartz, German politician
** James Morrison (singer), James Morrison, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
* August 14
** Clay Buchholz, American Major League Baseball pitcher
** Robin Söderling, Swedish tennis player
* August 17 – Liam Heath, British sprint canoeist
* August 20
** Mirai Moriyama, Japanese actor
** Tsokye Tsomo Karchung, Tsokye Karchung, Bhutanese beauty queen, Miss Bhutan 2008
*
August 21 – Alizée, Alizée Jacotey, French singer
* August 23
** Glen Johnson, English footballer
** Ashley Williams (footballer), Ashley Williams, Welsh footballer
* August 24
** Charlie Villanueva, American basketball player
** Yesung, South Korean singer, songwriter, actor, radio personality and MC
* August 25 – Kenan Sofuoğlu, Turkish professional motorcycle racer
* August 28 – Sarah Roemer, American model and actress
* August 31 – Charl Schwartzel, South African golfer
September
![Avril Lavigne @ Grammy Museum 09 05 2019 (49311430057)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Avril_Lavigne_%40_Grammy_Museum_09_05_2019_%2849311430057%29.jpg)
* September 1 – Joe Trohman, American singer-songwriter, composer, and guitarist (Fall Out Boy)
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of the ...
– Danson Tang, Taiwanese actor, model, and singer
* September 3
** Garrett Hedlund, American actor
** Nuša Šenk, Slovenian model, media personality, businesswoman and television host
*
September 4
Events Pre-1600
* 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
* 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne ove ...
** Camila Bordonaba, Argentine actress, singer-songwriter, dancer, musician, and former model
** Kyle Mooney, American comedian
* September 6
** Igor Maksymenko, Ukrainian kickboxer
** Orsi Kocsis, Hungarian model
** Abby Martin, American journalist
*
September 7
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
* 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII.
*1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen.
*1191 – Third Cr ...
** Kate Miner (actress), Kate Miner, American actress and musician
** Farveez Maharoof, Sri Lankan cricketer
** Vera Zvonareva, Russian tennis player
* September 8 – Daniele Hypolito, Brazilian artistic gymnast
* September 10 – Luke Treadaway, English actor and singer
*
September 14
Events Pre-1600
*AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
* 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire.
* 786 – "Night ...
– André de Vanny, Australian actor
* September 15 – Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, British Prince
*
September 16
Events Pre-1600
* 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council.
*1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900
*1620 – A determined band of 35 religio ...
** Sabrina Bryan, American actress and singer
** Katie Melua, Georgian-English singer
** Ali Fedotowsky, American television personality
*
September 18
Events Pre-1600
* 96 – Domitian, who has been conducting a reign of terror for the past three years, is assassinated as a result of a plot by his wife Domitia and two Praetorian prefects.
* 96 – Nerva is proclaimed Roman emperor a ...
** Nina Arianda, American actress
** Dizzee Rascal, English rapper
* September 19
** Young Greatness, American rapper (d. 2018)
** Lydia Hearst, American actress and fashion model
** Kevin Zegers, Canadian actor
*
September 20
Events Pre-1600
*1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland.
*1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin.
*1187 – Saladin b ...
** Brian Joubert, French figure skater
** Soundarya Rajinikanth, Indian graphic designer, producer, and director
** Holly Weber, American actress and model
* September 21 – Ben Wildman-Tobriner, American Olympic swimmer
* September 22
** Theresa Fu, Hong Kong singer and actress
** Godfrey Gao, Taiwanese-Canadian model and actor (d. 2019)
** Laura Vandervoort, Canadian actress
* September 23
** Kate French, American television and film actress and model
** Matt Kemp, American baseball player
** Anneliese van der Pol, Dutch-American actress and singer
* September 25
** Annabelle Wallis, English actress
** CariDee English, American fashion model and TV personality
** Zach Woods, American actor and comedian
* September 27 – Avril Lavigne, Canadian rock musician
* September 28
** Helen Oyeyemi, British novelist
** Melody Thornton, American singer
** Ryan Zimmerman, American baseball player
* September 29 – Per Mertesacker, German football player
* September 30 – Keisha Buchanan, British singer
October
![Kelly Osbourne 2013](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Kelly_Osbourne_2013.jpg)
* October 1
** Beck Bennett, American actor and comedian
** Josh Brener, American actor
** Matt Cain, American baseball player
** Mónica Spear, Venezuelan actress, Miss Venezuela 2004 (d. 2014)
* October 2 – Marion Bartoli, French professional tennis player
* October 3
** Ashlee Simpson, American singer and actress
** Yoon Eun-hye, Korean singer, model, actress and entertainer
** Laura Weissbecker, French actress
** Jessica Parker Kennedy, Canadian actress
*
October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
*1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
** Lena Katina, Russian singer
** Álvaro Parente, Portuguese racing driver
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
** Glenn McMillan, Australian actor
** Brooke Valentine, American urban musician
* October 6
** Joanna Pacitti, American singer
** Magdalena Frackowiak, Polish model
** Valerie Adams, New Zealand athlete
* October 7
** Ikuta Toma, Japanese drama actor
** Andy Bean (actor), Andy Bean, American actor
* October 10
** Pavel Durov, Russian entrepreneur
** Chiaki Kuriyama, Japanese actress
** Steve Turner (rugby league), Steve Turner, Australian rugby league player
*
October 11
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.
*1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
* 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Engl ...
– Martha MacIsaac, Canadian actress
*
October 12
Events Pre-1600
* 539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar)
* 633 – Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed by an alliance u ...
– Emmanuel Kipchirchir Mutai, Kenyan long-distance runner
* October 13
** Kathrin Fricke, German web- and video-artist, known as Coldmirror
** Anton Kushnir, Belarusian Olympic freestyle skier
* October 16
** Ben Smith (rugby league), Ben Smith, Australian rugby league player
** Shayne Ward, British singer
* October 17
** Chris Lowell, American actor
** Randall Munroe, American programmer and webcomic artist
* October 18
** Hollie Dunaway, American female boxer
** Robert Harting, German discus thrower
** Esperanza Spalding, American singer
** Lindsey Vonn, American alpine skier
*
October 20
Events Pre-1600
*1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent.
* 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
– Mitch Lucker, American heavy metal singer (d. 2012)
*
October 23
Events Pre-1600
*4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible.
*42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Batt ...
** Izabel Goulart, Brazilian model
** Meghan McCain, American author
* October 24
** Ben Giroux, American actor and director
** Erin Lucas, American actress
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– Katy Perry, American singer and television judge
* October 26
** Sasha Cohen, American figure skater
** Jefferson Farfán, Peruvian footballer
* October 27
** Kelly Osbourne, English singer and television personality
** Irfan Pathan, Indian cricketer
* October 28 – Obafemi Martins, Nigerian footballer
* October 29 – Eric Staal, Canadian hockey player
November
![Sanna Nielsen, ESC2014 Meet & Greet 02 (crop)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Sanna_Nielsen%2C_ESC2014_Meet_%26_Greet_02_%28crop%29.jpg)
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
** Miloš Krasić, Serbian footballer
** Natalia Tena, English actress and singer
* November 2
** Julia Stegner, German model
** Tamara Hope, Canadian actress and singer
* November 3
** Ryo Nishikido, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor
** Mina Fukui, Japanese actress, tarento and gravure model
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
** Dustin Brown (ice hockey), Dustin Brown, American hockey player
** Ayila Yussuf, Nigerian footballer
* November 5
** Jon Cornish, Canadian football player
** Tobias Enström, Swedish ice hockey player
** Baruto Kaito, Estonian sumo wrestler
** Eliud Kipchoge, Kenyan long-distance runner
** Nikolay Zherdev, Ukrainian-Russian ice hockey player
*
November 6
Events Pre-1600
* 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers.
* 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
– Sebastian Schachten, German footballer
* November 7
** Mihkel Aksalu, Estonian footballer
** Jonathan Bornstein, American-Israeli soccer player
** Amelia Vega, Miss Universe 2003
* November 8
** Kuntal Chandra, Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2012)
** Steven Webb, English actor
*
November 9
** Delta Goodrem, Australian actress and singer
** Ku Hye-sun, South Korean actress and singer
* November 10
** Britt Irvin, Canadian actress and singer
** Ludovic Obraniak, Polish footballer
*
November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the ...
– Birkir Már Sævarsson, Icelandic footballer
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
** Omarion, American singer-songwriter and actor
** Sandara Park, Dara, South Korean singer and model
** Yan Zi (tennis), Yan Zi, Chinese tennis player
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
*1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
...
** Marija Šerifović, Serbian singer, Eurovision Song Contest 2007 winner
** Maria Kozhevnikova, Russian politician and actress
* November 15 – Hevrin Khalaf, Kurdish-Syrian politician and civil engineer (d. 2019)
* November 16 – Kimberly J. Brown, American actress
* November 17
** Park Han-byul, South Korean actress
** Lauren Maltby, American actress and psychologist
* November 20 – Jeremy Jordan (actor, born 1984), Jeremy Jordan, American actor and singer
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
* 164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 ...
– Jena Malone, American actress, musician, and photographer
* November 22 – Scarlett Johansson, American actress and singer
* November 23
** Jarah Mariano, American model
** Lucas Grabeel, American actor, singer, songwriter, and producer
* November 24 – Maria Höfl-Riesch, German alpine skier
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
** Ian Lacey, Australian rugby league player
** Gaspard Ulliel, French actor (d. 2022)
* November 26 – Antonio Puerta, Spanish footballer (d.
2007)
* November 27 – Sanna Nielsen, Swedish pop singer
*
November 28
Events Pre-1600
* 587 – Treaty of Andelot
The Treaty of Andelot (or Pact of Andelot) was signed at Andelot-Blancheville in 587 between King Guntram of Burgundy and Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. Based on the terms of the accord, Brun ...
** Alan Ritchson, American actor, model, and singer
** Andrew Bogut, Australian basketball player
** Marc-André Fleury, Canadian hockey player
** Trey Songz, African-American singer-songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actor
** Mary Elizabeth Winstead, American actress and singer
*
November 30
Events Pre-1600
* 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900
*1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...
– Alan Hutton, Scottish footballer
December
![Lebron wizards 2017 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Lebron_wizards_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
December 1
Events Pre-1600
* 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III.
*1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France.
* ...
– Ajuma Ameh-Otache, Nigerian footballer (d. 2018)
*
December 3
Events Pre-1600
* 915 – Pope John X crowns Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor (probable date). 1601–1900
* 1775 – American Revolutionary War: becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the ...
– Avraam Papadopoulos, Greek football player
*
December 4
Events Pre-1600
* 771 – Austrasian king Carloman I dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne as sole king of the Frankish Kingdom.
* 963 – The lay papal protonotary is elected pope and takes the name Leo VIII, being consecrated on 6 ...
– Lindsay Felton, American actress
* December 5 – Lauren London, American actress and model
* December 6 – Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland, Swedish princess
* December 7 – Robert Kubica, Polish Formula One racing driver
* December 8
** Sam Hunt (musician), Sam Hunt, American singer-songwriter
* December 10 – Tom Hern, New Zealand actor
* December 11
** Xosha Roquemore, American actress
** Sandra Echeverría, Mexican actress, singer and model
* December 12 – Daniel Agger, Danish football (soccer) player
* December 13 – Santi Cazorla, Spanish football player
* December 14
** Chris Brunt, Northern Irish footballer
** Jackson Rathbone, American actor and singer
* December 15
** Kirsty Lee Allan, Australian actress and fashion model
** Martin Škrtel, Slovak footballer
** Yu Fengtong, Chinese speed skater
* December 16 – Theo James, English actor and singer
* December 17
** Asuka Fukuda, Japanese singer
** Tennessee Thomas, British-born American drummer and actor
** Shannon Woodward, American actress
* December 18 – Tiffany Mulheron, Scottish actress
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
– Bob Morley, Australian actor
*
December 22
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Vespasian is proclaimed Emperor of Rome; his predecessor, Vitellius, attempts to abdicate but is captured and killed at the Gemonian stairs.
* 401 – Pope Innocent I is elected, the only pope to succeed h ...
** Basshunter, Swedish singer, record producer and DJ
** Greg Finley, American actor
* December 23 – Alison Sudol, American singer, songwriter, and actress (aka A Fine Frenzy)
* December 25
** Francisco Vargas (Mexican boxer), Francisco Vargas, Mexican professional boxer
** Jessica Origliasso, Australian singer-songwriter, actress, and fashion designer
** Lisa Origliasso, Australian singer-songwriter, actress, and fashion designer
* December 26 – Jenny Shakeshaft, American actress and model
*
December 28
Events Pre-1600
* 418 – A papal conclave begins, resulting in the election of Pope Boniface I.
* 457 – Majorian is acclaimed as Western Roman emperor.
* 484 – Alaric II succeeds his father Euric and becomes king of the ...
** Martin Kaymer, German golfer
** Raditya Dika, Indonesian writer, comedian, and filmmaker
* December 30 – LeBron James, American basketball player
Date unknown
* Pasang Lhamu Sherpa Akita, Nepali Sherpa mountaineer
Deaths
January
![Johny Weissmuller-publicity](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Johny_Weissmuller-publicity.JPG)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
– Alexis Korner, British blues musician and broadcaster (b. 1928)
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
* 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
– Giuseppe Fava, Italian writer (b. 1925)
*
January 6 – Ernest Laszlo, Hungarian-born American cinematographer (b. 1898)
*
January 7 – Alfred Kastler, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
* January 9 – Sir Deighton Lisle Ward, 4th Governor-General of Barbados (b. 1909)
*
January 11
Events Pre-1600
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence.
* 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muha ...
– Jack La Rue, American actor (b. 1902)
*
January 13 – Ray Moore (comics), Ray Moore, American comic writer (b. 1905)
* January 14
** Brooks Atkinson, American theater critic (b. 1894)
** Saad Haddad, Lebanese military officer and militia leader (b. 1936)
** Ray Kroc, American entrepreneur (b. 1902)
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
*38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
* 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
** Kostas Giannidis, Greek composer (b. 1903)
** George Rigaud, Argentinian actor (b. 1905)
* January 20 – Johnny Weissmuller, American swimmer and actor (b. 1904)
*
January 21
Events Pre-1600
* 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa.
* 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded when ...
** Archduke Gottfried of Austria (b. 1902)
** Jackie Wilson, American singer (b. 1934)
*
January 22 – Sir Count Mikiel Gonzi, Michael Gonzi, Maltese Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1885)
* January 29 – Frances Goodrich, American screenwriter (b. 1890)
* January 30 – Luke Kelly, lead singer of Irish band The Dubliners (b. 1940)
* January 31 – George Harmon Coxe, American writer (b. 1901)
February
![Yuri Andropov - Soviet Life, August 1983](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Yuri_Andropov_-_Soviet_Life%2C_August_1983.jpg)
* February 5 – El Santo, Mexican professional wrestler and actor (b. 1917)
* February 6 – Jorge Guillén, Spanish poet (b. 1893)
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
*1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
* 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
** Karel Miljon, Dutch boxer (b. 1903)
** Philippe Ariès, French medievalist and historian (b. 1914)
* February 9 –
Yuri Andropov
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (– 9 February 1984) was the sixth paramount leader of the Soviet Union and the fourth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. After Leonid Brezhnev's 18-year rule, Andropov served in the p ...
, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1914)
* February 10
** David Von Erich, American professional wrestler (b. 1958)
** Claudia Zobel, Filipina actress (b. 1965)
* February 11 – John Comer, English actor (b. 1924)
* February 12
** Anna Anderson, Pretender to the Russian throne (b. 1896)
** Julio Cortázar, Argentine writer (b. 1914)
** Tom Keating, English art restorer (b. 1917)
*
February 13 – Naomi Uemura, Japanese adventurer (b. 1941)
* February 15 – Ethel Merman, American singer and actress (b. 1908)
* February 20 – Giuseppe Colombo, Italian scientist (b. 1920)
* February 21 – Mikhail Sholokhov, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
** Syed Faiz-ul Hassan Shah, Pakistani religious leader of Allo Mahar Shrif. (b. 1911)
** Jessamyn West (writer), Jessamyn West, American writer. (b. 1902)
March
![Sekou Toure usgov-83-08641](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Sekou_Toure_usgov-83-08641.jpg)
* March 1 – Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
*
March 5
** Tito Gobbi, Italian operatic baritone (b. 1913)
** William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
* March 6
** Martin Niemöller, German theologian and Lutheran pastor (born 1892)
** Henry Wilcoxon, British actor (b. 1905)
* March 10 – June Marlowe, American actress (b. 1903)
* March 14 – Aurelio Peccei, Italian industrialist and philanthropist, co-founder of the Club of Rome (b. 1908)
* March 15 – Ken Carpenter (discus thrower), Ken Carpenter, American Olympic athlete (b. 1913)
**Konstantin Badygin, Soviet Naval officer and explorer (b. 1910)
* March 12 – Arnold Ridley, English playwright and actor (b. 1896)
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
* 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– John Hoagland, American photographer (b. 1947)
* March 18 – Paul Francis Webster, American lyricist (b. 1907)
*
March 23
Events Pre-1600
*1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
*1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Peter Kolosimo, Italian journalist and writer (b. 1922)
* March 24 – Sam Jaffe, American actor (b. 1891)
* March 26 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, Guinean politician, 1st President of Guinea (b. 1922)
* March 27 – Jack Donohue (director), Jack Donohue, American film screenwriter and director (b. 1908)
*
March 30
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
*1282 &ndash ...
– Karl Rahner, German Jesuit priest and theologian (b. 1904)
* March 31 – Jack Howarth (actor), Jack Howarth, English actor (b. 1896)
April
![Machito and his sister Graciella Grillo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Machito_and_his_sister_Graciella_Grillo.jpg)
* April 1
** Marvin Gaye, American singer (b. 1939)
** Elizabeth Goudge, English writer (b. 1900)
* April 5
** Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet, Arthur "Bomber" Harris, British air marshal (b. 1892)
** Giuseppe Tucci, Italian scholar of oriental cultures (b. 1894)
* April 7 – Frank Church, American politician, U.S senator from 1957 to 1981 (b. 1924)
*April 8 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1894)
* April 9 – Willem Sandberg, Dutch typographer (b. 1897)
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Edward Sokoine, 2nd Prime Minister of Tanzania (b. 1938)
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
* 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
** Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedian and magician (b. 1921)
** William Empson, English poet and critic (b. 1906)
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
– Byron Haskin, American film and television director (b. 1899)
* April 17 – Mark W. Clark, American general (b. 1896)
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– Machito, Cuban jazz musician (b. 1908)
* April 20 – Otto Arosemena, 32nd President of Ecuador (b. 1925)
* April 21 – Marcel Janco, Romanian-Israeli artist (b. 1895)
* April 22 – Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)
* April 23 – Roland Penrose, English artist, historian and poet (b. 1900)
*
April 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux.
*1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe.
* 1 ...
** Count Basie, American musician and composer (b. 1904)
** May McAvoy, American actress (b. 1899)
* April 30 – Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, Colombian lawyer and politician (b. 1946)
May
![Karl-August Fagerholm](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Karl-August_Fagerholm.jpg)
*
May 2
Events Pre-1600
* 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
*1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great.
* 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
** Jack Barry (game show host), Jack Barry, American television host and producer (b. 1918)
** Bob Clampett, American cartoonist (b. 1913)
* May 4 – Diana Dors, English actress (b. 1931)
* May 6 – Mary Cain (editor), Mary Cain, American newspaper editor and politician (b. 1904)
*
May 8 – Lila Wallace, American publisher (b. 1889)
*
May 12
Events Pre-1600
* 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism.
* 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang d ...
– Charlie Stubbs (footballer), Charlie Stubbs, English footballer (b. 1920)
* May 15 – Lionel Robbins, British economist (b. 1898)
* May 16
** Andy Kaufman, American comedian (b. 1949)
** Irwin Shaw, American author (b. 1913)
* May 19 – Sir John Betjeman, English diplomat and poet (b. 1906)
* May 20 – Ólafur Jóhannesson, 15th Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1913)
* May 21
** Andrea Leeds, American actress (b. 1914)
** Ann Little, American actress (b. 1891)
* May 22
** Rambai Barni, Queen consort of King Prajadhipok of Thailand (b. 1904)
** Karl-August Fagerholm, 20th Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1901)
** John Marley, American actor (b. 1907)
* May 24 – Vincent J. McMahon, professional wrestling promoter WWE, WWF (b. 1914)
* May 26 – Elizabeth Peer, American journalist (b. 1936)
* May 27 – Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (b. 1923)
* May 28
** Eric Morecambe, British comedian (b. 1926)
** D'Urville Martin, American actor and director (b. 1939)
June
![Enrico Berlinguer](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Enrico_Berlinguer.jpg)
*
June 5 – Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin, 42nd Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1926)
*
June 6 – Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, Sikh theologian, Most powerful Sikh leader of the 20th century (b. 1947)
* June 11 – Enrico Berlinguer, General Secretary of the Italian Communist Party (b. 1922)
* June 15
** Ned Glass, American actor (b. 1906)
** Meredith Willson, American composer (b. 1902)
* June 19 – Lee Krasner, American painter (b. 1908)
* June 20 – Estelle Winwood, English actress (b. 1883)
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Joseph Losey, American film director (b. 1909)
* June 24 – William Keighley, American film director (b. 1889)
* June 25 – Michel Foucault, French philosopher (b. 1926)
* June 26 – Carl Foreman, American screenwriter (b. 1914)
* June 28
** Yigael Yadin, Israeli archeologist, politician and Military Chief of Staff (b. 1917)
** Claude Chevalley, French mathematician (b. 1909)
*
June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
*1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan ...
** Henri Fabre, pioneer French aviator & inventor (b. 1882)
** Lillian Hellman, American playwright (b. 1905)
July
![Studio publicity Flora Robson](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Studio_publicity_Flora_Robson.jpg)
*
July 1 – Moshé Feldenkrais, Ukrainian founder of the Feldenkrais Method (b. 1904)
* July 3 – Raoul Salan, French general (b. 1899)
* July 7 – Dame Flora Robson, English actress (b. 1902)
* July 8
** Brassaï, Hungarian-born photographer (b. 1899)
** Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, Spanish historian and politician (b. 1893)
* July 17 – Karl Wolff, German Nazi SS Officer (b. 1900)
* July 19 – Faina Ranevskaya, Soviet and Russian actress (b. 1896)
* July 20 - Gail Kubik, American composer (b. 1914
*
July 25
Events Pre-1600
* 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
* 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
– Big Mama Thornton, American singer (b. 1926)
* July 26 – George Gallup, American statistician and opinion pollster (b. 1901)
* July 27 – James Mason, English actor (b. 1909)
*
July 28
Events Pre-1600
*1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina.
*1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Thom ...
– Bess Flowers, American actress (b. 1898)
August
![Muhammad Naguib 1953](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Muhammad_Naguib_1953.jpg)
* August 2 – Quirino Cristiani, Argentine animated film director (b. 1896)
*
August 4
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
– Mary Miles Minter, American actress (b. 1902)
* August 5 – Richard Burton, Welsh actor (b. 1925)
* August 8 – Richard Deacon (actor), Richard Deacon, American actor (b. 1922)
*
August 11 – Paul Felix Schmidt, Estonian–German chess player (b. 1916)
* August 13
** Clyde Cook (actor), Clyde Cook, Australian actor (b. 1891)
** Tigran Petrosian, Georgian chess player (b. 1929)
* August 14 – J. B. Priestley, British novelist and playwright (b. 1894)
* August 25
** Truman Capote, American writer (b. 1924)
** Viktor Chukarin, Russian Olympic gymnast (b. 1921)
* August 28 – Mohammed Naguib, 30th Prime Minister of Egypt and 1st President of Egypt (b. 1901)
* August 29 – Pierre Gemayel, Lebanese politician, founder of the Kataeb Party (b. 1905)
September
![Perry-Mason-Pidgeon-1963](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Perry-Mason-Pidgeon-1963.jpg)
* September 1 – Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset, Duchess of Parma (b. 1898)
*
September 5
Events Pre-1600
* 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu.
*1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava
*1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry ...
** Adam Malik, 3rd Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1917)
** Jane Roberts, American writer (b. 1929)
* September 6 – Ernest Tubb, American singer (b. 1914)
*
September 7
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
* 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII.
*1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen.
*1191 – Third Cr ...
– Joe Cronin, American baseball player and member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1906)
* September 8 – Frank Lowson, English Test Cricketer 1951–1955 (b.1925)
* September 9 – Yılmaz Güney, Turkish film director (b. 1937)
* September 10 – Ismael Merlo, Spanish actor (b. 1918)
* September 12 – Yvon Petra, French tennis player (b. 1916)
*
September 14
Events Pre-1600
*AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
* 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire.
* 786 – "Night ...
** Richard Brautigan, American counter-culture author (b. 1935)
** Janet Gaynor, American Academy Award-winning actress (b. 1906)
*
September 16
Events Pre-1600
* 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council.
*1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900
*1620 – A determined band of 35 religio ...
– Vincenzo Cotroni, Italian-Canadian mobster (b. 1911)
*
September 17 – Richard Basehart, American actor (b. 1914)
*
September 20
Events Pre-1600
*1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland.
*1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin.
*1187 – Saladin b ...
– Steve Goodman, American folk musician and songwriter (b. 1948)
* September 24 – Neil Hamilton (actor), Neil Hamilton, American actor (b. 1899)
* September 25 – Walter Pidgeon, Canadian actor (b. 1897)
* September 27 – Toke Townley, English actor (b. 1912)
October
![François Truffaut (1965)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut_%281965%29.jpg)
* October 1
** Walter Alston, American baseball player and manager (Brooklyn Dodgers, Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1911)
** Blagoje Marjanović, Yugoslav football player and manager (b. 1907)
*
October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
*1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– Bernhard, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1901)
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
– Leonard Rossiter, British actor (b. 1926)
* October 6 – George Gaylord Simpson, American paleontologist (b. 1902)
* October 13 – George Kelly (baseball), George Kelly, American baseball player (New York Giants (MLB), New York Giants) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1895)
*
October 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings.
* 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
– Martin Ryle, Sir Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (b. 1918)
* October 16 – Peggy Ann Garner, American actress (b. 1932)
* October 18 – Jon-Erik Hexum, American actor (b. 1957)
*
October 19
Events Pre-1600
* 202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the army defending Carthage.
* 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in ...
** Henri Michaux, Belgian writer and painter (b. 1899)
**
Jerzy Popiełuszko
Jerzy Popiełuszko ( born Alfons Popiełuszko; 14 September 1947–19 October 1984) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest who became associated with the opposition Solidarity trade union in communist Poland. He was murdered in 1984 by three ag ...
, Polish Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1947) (Murdered)
*
October 20
Events Pre-1600
*1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent.
* 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
** Carl Ferdinand Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)
** Paul Dirac, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
* October 21 – François Truffaut, French film director (b. 1932)
*
October 23
Events Pre-1600
*4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible.
*42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Batt ...
** David Gorcey, American actor (b. 1921)
** Oskar Werner, Austrian actor (b. 1922)
* October 24 – Walter Woolf King, American singer and actor (b. 1899)
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– Pascale Ogier, French actress (b. 1958)
*
October 30
Events Pre-1600
* 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge.
* 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
*1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Ro ...
– June Duprez, English actress (b. 1918)
*
October 31
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor.
* 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down.
* 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...
** Eduardo De Filippo, Italian actor (b. 1900)
**
Indira Gandhi, Indian politician and political figure, 3rd
Prime Minister of India (assassinated) (b. 1917)
November
![Martin Luther King Sr, c1977-81](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Martin_Luther_King_Sr%2C_c1977-81.jpg)
*
November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the ...
– Martin Luther King Sr., American Baptist pastor, missionary, and an early figure in the civil rights movement (b. 1899)
* November 16
** Vic Dickenson, American trombonist (b. 1906)
** Leonard Rose, American cellist (leukemia) (b. 1918)
* November 20
** Trygve Bratteli, Norwegian politician, 19th Prime Minister of Norway (b. 1910)
** Carlo Campanini, Italian actor (b. 1906)
December
![Peter Lawford 1955](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Peter_Lawford_1955.jpg)
*
December 4
Events Pre-1600
* 771 – Austrasian king Carloman I dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne as sole king of the Frankish Kingdom.
* 963 – The lay papal protonotary is elected pope and takes the name Leo VIII, being consecrated on 6 ...
– Jack Mercer, American voice artist (b. 1910)
* December 7 – Jeanne Cagney, American actress (b. 1919)
* December 8 – Luther Adler, American actor (b. 1903)
* December 9 – Ivor Moreton and Dave Kaye, Ivor Moreton, British singer and pianist (b. 1908)
[Principal Probate Registry. ''Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England''. London, England]
* December 11
** Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born Jewish-American literary scholar (b. 1911)
** George Waggner, American film director (b. 1894)
* December 13 – Clemente de la Cerda, Venezuelan director (b. 1935)
* December 14 – Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
* December 15 – Jan Peerce, American tenor (b. 1904)
* December 16 – J. Roderick MacArthur, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1920)
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
** Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (b. 1946)
** Stanley Milgram, American psychologist (b. 1933)
** Dmitry Ustinov, Dmitriy Ustinov, Soviet Army officer and Minister of Defense (b. 1908)
* December 24
** Ian Hendry, English actor (b. 1931)
** Peter Lawford, English-American actor and socialite (b. 1923)
* December 26 – Sheila Andrews, American country music singer (b. 1953)
*
December 28
Events Pre-1600
* 418 – A papal conclave begins, resulting in the election of Pope Boniface I.
* 457 – Majorian is acclaimed as Western Roman emperor.
* 484 – Alaric II succeeds his father Euric and becomes king of the ...
– Sam Peckinpah, American film director (b. 1925)
* December 29 – Leo Robin, American composer (b. 1900)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Carlo Rubbia, Simon van der Meer
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Robert Bruce Merrifield
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Niels Kaj Jerne, Georges J. F. Köhler, César Milstein
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Jaroslav Seifert
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Bishop Desmond Tutu, Desmond Mpilo Tutu
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Richard Stone
References
{{Authority control
1984,
Leap years in the Gregorian calendar