1977 Disestablishments In Libya
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January

*
January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...
Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. *
January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). * January 17 ** 49 marines from the and are killed as a result of a collision in Barcelona harbour, Spain. * January 18 ** Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious
Legionnaires' disease Legionnaires' disease is a form of atypical pneumonia caused by any species of ''Legionella'' bacteria, quite often '' Legionella pneumophila''. Signs and symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, high fever, muscle pains, and headaches. Naus ...
. ** Australia's worst railway disaster at Granville, a suburb of Sydney, leaves 83 people dead. **
SFR Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yug ...
Prime minister
Džemal Bijedić Džemal Bijedić ( cyrl, Џемал Биједић, ; 12 April 1917 – 18 January 1977) was a Bosnian and Yugoslav politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Yugoslavia from 30 July 1971 until his death in a plane crash on 18 January 1977. ...
, his wife and 6 others are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina. * January 19 – An
Ejército del Aire , colours = , colours_label = , march = Spanish Air and Space Force Anthem , mascot = , anniversaries = 10 December , equipment ...
CASA C-207C Azor (registration T.7-15) plane crashes into the side of a mountain near Chiva, on approach to Valencia Airport in Spain, killing all 11 people on board. *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
Jimmy Carter is
sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...
as the 39th President of the United States. * January 23 – Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
of India calls for fresh elections to the Lok Sabha, and releases all political prisoners. * January 24 – The Massacre of Atocha occurs, during the
Spanish transition to democracy Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...
.


February

*
February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...
– The Congress Party of India, led by
Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
, splits with Jagjivan Ram and other senior leaders, forming Congress for Democracy. This party later merges with the Janata Party. *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
– In northern
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
a blizzard piles snow on rooftops, causing many to collapse killing at least 31 people. *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– Eleven
CTA CTA may refer to: Legislation *Children's Television Act, American legislation passed in 1990 that enforces a certain degree of educational television *Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 *Criminal Tribes Act, British legislation in India passed in 1871 wh ...
commuters are killed when an elevated train derails from the Loop in central Chicago, United States. * February 7 – The Soviet Union launches '' Soyuz 24'' ( Viktor Gorbatko, Yury Glazkov) to dock with the '' Salyut 5'' space station. * February 18 – American Space Shuttle program: First test flight of Space Shuttle ''Enterprise'' mated to the
Boeing 747 The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, t ...
Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. *
February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
Óscar Romero, an outspoken opponent of violence, becomes Archbishop of San Salvador,
El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...
. *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
– Queen Elizabeth II opens the Parliament of New Zealand.


March

* March 4 – The
1977 Vrancea earthquake The 1977 Vrancea earthquake occurred on 4 March 1977, at 21:22 local time, and was felt throughout the Balkans. It had a magnitude of 7.5, making it the second most powerful earthquake recorded in Romania in the 20th century, after the 10 Novemb ...
in the Vrancea Mountains of Romania kills 1,500. * March 8 – The Australian parliament is opened by Elizabeth II in her capacity as Queen of Australia. * March 9Hanafi Siege: Approximately a dozen armed
Hanafi Movement Hamaas Abdul Khaalis (1921 – November 13, 2003), born Ernest Timothy McGhee, also known as Ernest "XX" McGee and Ernest 2X McGee, was leader of the Hanafi Movement, a Black Muslim group based in Washington, D.C. subscribing to the  Hanafi ...
members take over 3 buildings in Washington, D.C., killing 1 person and taking more than 130 hostages (the hostage situation ends 2 days later). * March 10 – The rings of Uranus are discovered. *
March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
– The
Centenary Test Centenary Test refers to two matches of Test cricket played between the English cricket team and the Australian cricket team, the first in 1977 and the second in 1980. These matches were played to mark the 100th anniversaries of the first Test cr ...
between Australia and England begins at the
Melbourne Cricket Ground The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), also known locally as "The 'G", is an Australian sports stadium located in Yarra Park, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Victoria. Founded and managed by the Melbourne Cricket Club, it is the largest stadiu ...
. * March 19 – Results of elections to the Indian Parliament are declared.
Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
's
Congress Party The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Em ...
is routed by the opposition
Janata alliance The Janata Party ( JP, lit. ''People's Party'') was a political party that was founded as an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian Nati ...
. *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
withdraws the
state of emergency A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state du ...
which was implemented on June 25, 1975. * March 27
Tenerife disaster The Tenerife airport disaster occurred on March 27, 1977, when two Boeing 747 passenger jets collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish island of Tenerife. The collision occurred when KLM Flight 4 ...
: A collision between KLM and Pan Am
Boeing 747 The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, t ...
s at Tenerife,
Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...
, kills 583 people. This becomes the deadliest accident in aviation history.


April

* April 2
Horse racing Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. It is one of the most ancient of all sports, as its basic p ...
: Red Rum wins a record third Grand National at
Aintree Racecourse Aintree Racecourse is a horse racing, racecourse in Aintree, Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, Merseyside, England, bordering the city of Liverpool. The racecourse is the venue for the Grand National steeplechase (horse racing), steeplechase, whi ...
in the UK. *
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
Southern Airways Flight 242 crashes on a highway in New Hope, Georgia, United States, killing 72 people. * April 7 – German Federal Prosecutor Siegfried Buback and his driver are shot by Red Army Faction members while waiting at a red light near his home in Karlsruhe. The " Ulrike Meinhof Commando" later claims responsibility. * April 9Spain legalizes the Communist Party of Spain, which had been outlawed since 1939. * April 11London Transport's Silver Jubilee AEC Routemaster buses are launched. * April 17 – Belgian Prime Minister Leo Tindemans' Christian Social Party gains eight seats in the lower house in parliamentary elections. * April 18 - An
annular solar eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...
was visible in Africa, and was the 29th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 138. * April 22Optical fiber is first used to carry live telephone traffic. * April 24 – In northern Bangladesh, a cyclone kills 13 people and injures about 100 others. * April 28 – A federal court in
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
, West Germany, sentences Red Army Faction members Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, and Jan-Carl Raspe to life imprisonment. * April 30 – The
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...
between Cambodia and Vietnam evolves into the Cambodian–Vietnamese War.


May

* May 1 – The Taksim Square massacre in Istanbul results in 34 deaths and hundreds of injuries. * May 12 – Portugal and Israel establish diplomatic relations. * May 14 ** The 1977 IAS Cargo Boeing 707 airplane crash in
Lusaka Lusaka (; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Zambia. It is one of the fastest-developing cities in southern Africa. Lusaka is in the southern part of the central plateau at an elevation of about . , the city's population was ab ...
, Zambia kills all six on board. ** In Milan, Italy, during a far-left demonstration, a hooded person shoots at the police, killing a policeman, Antonio Custra. The scene is photographed and the picture of the hooded man shooting in the middle of the street appears in many magazines around the world. ** The Montreal Canadiens sweep the Boston Bruins in four games to win their second straight
Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...
. *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...
– A 20-passenger S-61L topples sideways at takeoff from the roof of the Pan Am Building in
Midtown Manhattan Midtown Manhattan is the central portion of the New York City borough of Manhattan and serves as the city's primary central business district. Midtown is home to some of the city's most prominent buildings, including the Empire State Buildin ...
. Four passengers are killed by the turning rotors and a woman at street level is killed by a falling blade. * May 17 – The Likud Party, led by
Menachem Begin Menachem Begin ( ''Menaḥem Begin'' (); pl, Menachem Begin (Polish documents, 1931–1937); ''Menakhem Volfovich Begin''; 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was an Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel. B ...
, wins the national elections in Israel. * May 23 ** Scientists report using bacteria in a lab to make
insulin Insulin (, from Latin ''insula'', 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the ''INS'' gene. It is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body. It regulates the metabolism o ...
via
gene splicing Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) that bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be foun ...
. ** Moluccan terrorists take over a school in
Bovensmilde Bovensmilde is a village in the Netherlands' province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Midden-Drenthe, and lies about southwest of Assen. History The village was first mentioned in 1847 as Boven-Smilde (literally: Upper-Smilde), ...
, northern Netherlands (105 hostages), and a passenger train on the Bovensmilde– Assen route nearby (90 hostages) at the same time. On June 11,
Dutch Royal Marines The Netherlands Marine Corps ( nl, Korps Mariniers) is the elite naval infantry corps of the Royal Netherlands Navy. The marines trace their origins back to the establishment of the on 10 December 1665, by the then grand pensionary of the Dutch ...
storm the train, and six terrorists and two hostages are killed. *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
** The 1977 Aeroflot Ilyushin 62 airplane crash in Cuba kills 69 people. ** A demonstration and coup attempt in Angola takes place. Thousands are killed by the government and Cuban forces. * May 28 – The Beverly Hills Supper Club in Southgate, Kentucky, is engulfed in fire; 165 are killed inside. * May 29Indianapolis 500: A. J. Foyt becomes the first driver to win the race four times.


June

*
June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
– A bloodless coup installs France-Albert René as President of the Seychelles. * June 10 – The first
Apple II series The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as "Apple ] ''" and rendered on later models as "Apple //") is a family of home computers, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products, designed primaril ...
computers go on sale. * June 15 – Spain has its first democratic elections, after 41 years of Francoist Spain. *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
Bülent Ecevit Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (; 28 May 1925 – 5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, statesman, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist, who served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He served as prime minister in ...
, of CHP forms the new government of Turkey (40th government since the founding of the Turkish republic, but fails to receive the vote of confidence). * June 25 – The
1977 Rugby League World Cup The 1977 Rugby League World Cup was the eighth Rugby League World Cup tournament and was held in Australasia, with games played during May and June in both Australia and New Zealand. It featured four teams: Great Britain and France in addition t ...
culminates in
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
's 13–12 victory over Great Britain at the
Sydney Cricket Ground The Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) is a sports stadium in Sydney, Australia. It is used for Test cricket, Test, One Day International and Twenty20 cricket, as well as, Australian rules football and occasionally for rugby league, rugby union and as ...
before about 24,450 spectators. * June 27Djibouti receives its independence from France. * June 30 – The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization is permanently disbanded.


July

*
July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** The East African Community is dissolved. ** The Championships, Wimbledon (tennis) – Virginia Wade wins the women's singles title in the centenary year of the tournament, Wade's first and only Wimbledon title and her third and final Grand Slam title overall; she remains the last British woman to win the singles title at Wimbledon. * July 5 – General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq overthrows Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan. *
July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
– The Pinochet dictatorship in Chile organises the youth event of
Acto de Chacarillas The Acto de Chacarillas was a ritualized youth event held in the summit of Cerro Chacarillas in Santiago, Chile on 9 July 1977 organized by the military dictatorship of Chile. It was organized by the Frente Juvenil de Unidad Nacional to commemorat ...
, a ritualised act reminiscent of Francoist Spain. * July 10 – A temperature of , a
record A record, recording or records may refer to: An item or collection of data Computing * Record (computer science), a data structure ** Record, or row (database), a set of fields in a database related to one entity ** Boot sector or boot record, ...
for continental Europe, is recorded in Greece. * July 13 ** Somalia declares war on Ethiopia, starting the Ethio-Somali War. ** New York City is affected by a complete electricity blackout lasting through the following day that results in citywide looting and other criminal activity, including arson. * July 2124 – The Libyan–Egyptian War, sparked by a Libyan raid on Sallum, begins. * July 21
Süleyman Demirel Süleyman Sami Demirel (; 1 November 1924 – 17 June 2015) was a Turkish people, Turkish politician, engineer, and statesman who served as the List of Presidents of Turkey, 9th President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000. He previously served as the ...
, of AP forms the new government of Turkey (41st government a three-party coalition, so-called second national front ( tr, Milliyetçi cephe)). * July 22 – The purged Chinese Communist leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power nine months after the "
Gang of Four The Gang of Four () was a Maoist political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials. They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes. The gang ...
" was expelled from power in a coup d'état. * July 27 – The Soviet Politburo orders Boris Yeltsin to demolish the Ipatiev House, where Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family were shot in
1918 This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide. Events Below, the events ...
. Yeltsin eventually calls this a barbarian act. * July 30 – Left-wing German terrorists
Susanne Albrecht Susanne Albrecht (born 1 March 1951) is a former member of the Red Army Faction. Early life Albrecht was the daughter of a successful maritime lawyer, and spent her childhood living in a wealthy suburb of Hamburg. She did not fit in well in pub ...
, Brigitte Mohnhaupt and Christian Klar assassinate Jürgen Ponto, chairman of the
Dresdner Bank Dresdner Bank AG was a German bank and was based in Frankfurt. It was one of Germany's largest banking corporations and was acquired by competitor Commerzbank in May 2009. History 19th century The Dresdner Bank was established on 12 Novemb ...
in Oberursel, West Germany.


August

* August 3 ** United States Senate hearings on Project MKUltra are held. ** The Tandy Corporation TRS-80 Model I computer is announced at a press conference. * August 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs legislation creating the United States Department of Energy. * August 9 – The military-controlled government of Uruguay announces that it will return the nation to civilian rule through general elections in
1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensiv ...
for a President and Congress. * August 12 – The NASA Space Shuttle, named '' Enterprise'', makes its first test free-flight from the back of a Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. * August 15 **
The Big Ear The Ohio State University Radio Observatory was a Kraus-type (after its inventor John D. Kraus) radio telescope located on the grounds of the Perkins Observatory at Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio from 1963 to 1998. Known as Big Ear, th ...
, a
radio telescope A radio telescope is a specialized antenna and radio receiver used to detect radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky. Radio telescopes are the main observing instrument used in radio astronomy, which studies the radio frequency ...
operated by Ohio State University as part of the SETI project, receives a radio signal from deep space; the event is named the Wow! signal for a notation made by a volunteer on the project. ** Herbert Kappler escapes from the Caelian Hill military hospital in Rome. * August 17 – The Soviet icebreaker '' Arktika'' becomes the first surface ship to reach the North Pole. * August 20Voyager program: The United States launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft. * August 26 – The National Assembly of Quebec passes the Charter of the French Language (Law 101, ''La charte de la langue française'') making
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
the official language of the Canadian province of Quebec.


September

* September 4 – The Golden Dragon massacre takes place in San Francisco, United States. * September 5 ** Voyager program: '' Voyager 1'' is launched after a brief delay. ** German Autumn: Employers Association President Hanns Martin Schleyer is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany. The kidnappers kill three escorting police officers and his chauffeur. They demand the release of Red Army Faction prisoners. * September 7 – Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The U.S. agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century. * September 8Interpol issues a resolution against the copyright infringement of video tapes and other material, which is still cited in warnings on opening pre-credits of videocassettes and DVDs. * September 10Hamida Djandoubi's is the last guillotine execution in France (at Marseille) and the last legal beheading in the western world. * September 11Atari, Inc. releases its Video Computer System in North America. * September 18 – '' Courageous'' (U.S.), skippered by Ted Turner, sweeps the Australian challenger ''Australia'' in the 24th America's Cup yacht race. * September 19 ** Under pressure from the
Carter Administration Jimmy Carter's tenure as the 39th president of the United States began with his inauguration on January 20, 1977, and ended on January 20, 1981. A Democrat from Georgia, Carter took office after defeating incumbent Republican President ...
, President of Nicaragua
Anastasio Somoza Debayle Anastasio "Tachito" Somoza Debayle (; 5 December 1925 – 17 September 1980) was the President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979. As head of the National Guard, he was ''de facto'' ruler of ...
lifts the state of siege in Nicaragua. ** North Korean agents abduct Yutaka Kume from Noto Peninsula starting the
North Korean abductions of Japanese citizens Abductions of Japanese citizens from Japan by agents of the North Korean government took place during a period of six years from 1977 to 1983. Although only 17 Japanese (eight men and nine women) are officially recognized by the Japanese governm ...
. * September 20 – The
Petrozavodsk phenomenon The Petrozavodsk phenomenon was a series of celestial events of a disputed nature that occurred on 20 September 1977. The sightings were reported over a vast territory, from Copenhagen and Helsinki in the west to Vladivostok in the east. It is na ...
is observed in the Soviet Union and some northern European countries. *
September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...
– The
Porsche 928 The Porsche 928 is a luxury grand tourer produced by Porsche AG of Germany from 1978 until 1995. Originally intended to replace the company's iconic 911, the 928 combined the power, poise, and handling of a sports car with the refinement, comfort ...
debuts at the
Geneva Motor Show The Geneva International Motor Show is an annual auto show held in March in the Swiss city of Geneva. The show is hosted at the Palexpo, a convention centre located next to the Geneva Cointrin International Airport. The Salon is organised by th ...
.


October

* October 1
Energy Research and Development Administration The United States Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) was a United States government organization formed from the split of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) in 1975. It assumed the functio ...
combines with the Federal Energy Administration to form United States Department of Energy. * October 7 ** The Soviet Union adopts its third Constitution. The Soviet National Anthem's lyrics are returned after a 24-year period, with Joseph Stalin's name omitted. **
Pelé Edson Arantes do Nascimento (; born 23 October 1940), known as Pelé (), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time and labelled "the greatest" by FIFA, ...
plays his final professional football game, as a member of the New York Cosmos. * October 13German Autumn: Four Palestinians hijack Lufthansa Flight 181 to Somalia and demand the release of 11 Red Army Faction members. * October 1718German Autumn:
GSG 9 , formerly (), is the police tactical unit of the German Federal Police ''(Bundespolizei (Germany), Bundespolizei)''. The state police (''Landespolizei'') maintain their own tactical units known as the ''Special Deployment Commando, Spezialein ...
troopers storm the hijacked
Lufthansa Deutsche Lufthansa AG (), commonly shortened to Lufthansa, is the flag carrier of Germany. When combined with its subsidiaries, it is the second- largest airline in Europe in terms of passengers carried. Lufthansa is one of the five founding m ...
passenger plane in Mogadishu, Somalia; three of the four hijackers die. * October 18 ** German Autumn: Red Army Faction members Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe and Gudrun Ensslin commit suicide in Stammheim prison; Irmgard Möller fails (their supporters still claim they were murdered). They are buried on October 27. * October 19German Autumn: Kidnapped industrialist Hanns Martin Schleyer is found murdered in Mulhouse, France. * October 20 – Three members of the rock band
Lynyrd Skynyrd Lynyrd Skynyrd ( ) is an American rock music, rock band formed in Jacksonville, Florida. The group originally formed as My Backyard in 1964 and comprised Ronnie Van Zant (lead vocalist), Gary Rossington (guitar), Allen Collins (guitar), Larry Ju ...
die in a charter plane crash outside
Gillsburg, Mississippi Gillsburg, also spelled as Gillsburgh, is an unincorporated community in Amite County, Mississippi, United States. The community is part of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area. History Gillsburg was the location of the October 2 ...
, three days after the release of their fifth studio album ''
Street Survivors ''Street Survivors'' is the fifth studio album by the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, released on October 17, 1977. The LP is the last Skynyrd album recorded by original members Ronnie Van Zant and Allen Collins, and is the sole Skynyrd studio ...
''. * October 21 – The European Patent Institute is founded. * October 23 – The president of Catalonia,
Josep Tarradellas Josep Tarradellas i Joan (), 1st Marquess of Tarradellas (19 February 1899 – 10 June 1988) was a Catalan politician known for his role as the first president of the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya), after its re-establishment ...
, returns to Barcelona from exile and the autonomous government of Catalonia, the Generalitat, is restored. * October 26 ** The last natural smallpox case is discovered in Merca district, Somalia. The WHO and the CDC consider this date the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox, a great success of vaccination and, by extension, of modern science. ** Space Shuttle program: Last test taxi flight of Space Shuttle ''Enterprise'', over California. * October 27 – British punk band
Sex Pistols The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band formed in London in 1975. Although their initial career lasted just two and a half years, they were one of the most groundbreaking acts in the history of popular music. They were responsible for ...
release ''
Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols ''Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols'' is the only studio album by English punk rock band the Sex Pistols, released on 28 October 1977 by Virgin Records in the UK and on 11 November 1977 by Warner Bros. Records in the US. The album ...
'' on the Virgin Records label. Despite refusal by major retailers in the UK to stock it, it enters the UK Album Charts at number one the week after its release. * October 28 – Hong Kong police attack the ICAC headquarters.


November

* November 1
2060 Chiron 2060 Chiron is a small Solar System body in the outer Solar System, orbiting the Sun between Saturn and Uranus. Discovered in 1977 by Charles Kowal, it was the first-identified member of a new class of objects now known as centaurs—bodies orb ...
, first of the outer Solar System
asteroid An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter; they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere. ...
s known as
Centaur A centaur ( ; grc, κένταυρος, kéntauros; ), or occasionally hippocentaur, is a creature from Greek mythology with the upper body of a human and the lower body and legs of a horse. Centaurs are thought of in many Greek myths as being ...
s, is discovered by
Charlie Kowal Charles Thomas Kowal (November 8, 1940 – November 28, 2011) was an American astronomer known for his observations and discoveries in the Solar System. As a staff astronomer at Caltech's Mount Wilson and Palomar Mountain observatories bet ...
. * November 2 – The worst storm in Athens' modern history causes havoc across the Greek capital and kills 38 people. * November 6 – The
Kelly Barnes Dam Kelly Barnes Dam was an earthen embankment dam in Stephens County, Georgia, just outside the city of Toccoa, Georgia, Toccoa. Heavy rainfall caused it to collapse on November 6, 1977, and the resulting flood killed 39 people and caused $2.8 mi ...
, located above
Toccoa Falls Bible College Toccoa Falls College is a private Christian college in Toccoa Falls, Georgia. The campus occupies , bordering the Chattahoochee National Forest and is home to Toccoa Falls, a high waterfall. It is affiliated with the Christian and Missionary Al ...
near Toccoa, Georgia, United States, fails, killing 39 people. * November 8 ** Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos discovers the tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Vergina. ** San Francisco elects City Supervisor Harvey Milk, the first openly gay elected official of any large city in the U.S. *
November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...
Gen. Hugo Banzer, president of the military government of
Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
, announces that the constitutional democracy will be restored in
1978 Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
instead of
1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC. * January 9 – ...
as previously provided. * November 10 – The Saturday Night Fever: The Original Movie Sound Track, soundtrack to ''Saturday Night Fever'' is released. Featuring five new Bee Gees compositions, it will go on to become the then best selling album of all time. * November 19 ** Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab people, Arab leader to make an official visit to Israel, when he meets with Israeli Prime Minister
Menachem Begin Menachem Begin ( ''Menaḥem Begin'' (); pl, Menachem Begin (Polish documents, 1931–1937); ''Menakhem Volfovich Begin''; 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was an Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel. B ...
, seeking a permanent peace settlement. ** TAP Portugal Flight 425 crashes at Madeira Airport, Funchal, Portugal, killing 131 and leaving 33 survivors. * November 22 ** British Airways inaugurates regular London to New York City supersonic Concorde service. ** The TCP/IP test succeeds, connecting 3 ARPANET nodes (of 111), in what eventually becomes the Internet protocol. * November 30 – The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is founded as a specialized agency of the United Nations.


December

* December – The Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic and Social Development in Asia and the Pacific (CESDAP) is implemented. * December 4 ** Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic, crowns himself Emperor. ** Malaysian Airline System Flight 653 is hijacked and crashes in Tanjung Kupang, Johor, Malaysia, killing all 100 passengers and crew on board. * December 6 – South Africa grants independence to Bophuthatswana, although it is not recognized by any other country. * December 10 – 1977 Australian federal election: Malcolm Fraser's Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, National Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Fraser Government, Government is re-elected with a slightly reduced majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by former Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister Gough Whitlam. Consequently, Whitlam resigned as ALP leader after holding the job for nearly 11 years; he would be December 1977 Australian Labor Party leadership election, replaced by former Treasurer of Australia, Treasurer Bill Hayden. * December 13 – a chartered Douglas DC-3 aircraft carrying the University of Evansville basketball team to Nashville, Tennessee, Air Indiana Flight 216, crashes in rain and dense fog about 90 seconds after takeoff from Evansville Regional Airport; 29 people die in the crash, including 14 members of the team and head coach Bob Watson. * December 16 – ''Saturday Night Fever'' is released in theaters and becomes the biggest dancing movie of all time. The movie launches the career of its star John Travolta and catapults the Bee Gees — who performed several songs on the Saturday Night Fever (soundtrack), soundtrack — to newfound success. * December 18 – SA de Transport Aérien Flight 730, an international charter service from Zurich to Funchal Airport (Madeira), hits the sea during a landing attempt. Many of the 36 who die drown, trapped inside the sinking aircraft. Twenty-one people survive with the help of rescuers and by swimming to the shore. * December 19 – The 5.9 1977 Bob–Tangol earthquake, Bob–Tangol earthquake rocks Iran, killing at least 584 people and injuring 1,000. * December 20 – Djibouti and Vietnam join the United Nations. * December 22 – A grain elevator explodes in Westwego, Louisiana, United States, killing 36 people.


Births


January

* January 1 – Jerry Yan, Taiwanese singer * January 3 – Mayumi Iizuka, Japanese voice actress * January 4 – Irán Castillo, Mexican actress and singer * January 11 ** Anni Friesinger-Postma, German speed skater ** Devin Ratray, American actor * January 13 – Orlando Bloom, British actor * January 14 – Narain Karthikeyan, Indian Formula One driver * January 15 – Giorgia Meloni, Italian politician * January 17 – Leigh Whannell, Australian actor and writer * January 19 – Ma Dongbo, Chinese former footballer *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
– Melody (Belgian singer), Melody, Belgian singer * January 21 – Jerry Trainor, American actor, comedian and musician * January 22 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer * January 23 – Kamal Heer, Punjabi singer and musician * January 24 – Johann Urb, Estonian-born American actor * January 25 ** Christian Ingebrigtsen, Norwegian singer ** Hatem Trabelsi, Tunisian footballer * January 26 ** Niklas Almqvist, Nicholaus Arson, Swedish guitarist and songwriter ** Vince Carter, American basketball player * January 28 – Takuma Sato, Japanese racing driver * January 31 – Kerry Washington, African-American actress


February

*
February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...
– Shakira, Colombian singer-songwriter and musician *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
– Daddy Yankee, Puerto Rican singer * February 5 – Ben Ainslie, British sailor * February 7 – Mariusz Pudzianowski, Polish strongman * February 11 – Mike Shinoda, American musician, singer and rapper * February 18 ** Ike Barinholtz, American actor, comedian and screenwriter ** László Nemes, Hungarian film director and screenwriter * February 19 – Gianluca Zambrotta, Italian footballer * February 20 ** Stephon Marbury, American basketball player ** Gail Kim, Canadian professional wrestler and actress * February 21 ** Cyrine Abdelnour, Lebanese singer, actress, and model ** Jonathan Safran Foer, American author ** Steve Francis, American basketball player *
February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
– Kristina Šmigun-Vähi, Estonian skier * February 24 – Floyd Mayweather Jr., boxing champion * February 26 ** Olsi Baze, columnist, writer and human rights activist. ** Shane Williams, Welsh rugby player *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
** Jason Aldean, American country music singer ** Rafael Amaya, Mexican model, singer, and actor


March

* March 1 – Rens Blom, Dutch athlete * March 2 – Chris Martin, British rock musician * March 3 – Ronan Keating, Irish singer * March 4 – Ana Guevara, Mexican track and field athlete and politician * March 5 – Wally Szczerbiak, Spanish-born basketball player * March 6 ** Paquillo Fernández, Spanish race walker ** Santino Marella, Canadian professional wrestler * March 7 ** Ronan O'Gara, Irish rugby player ** Mitja Zastrow, German-born swimmer * March 8 – James Van Der Beek, American actor * March 9 ** Bree Turner, American actress ** Peter Enckelman, Finnish footballer ** Shannon Miller, American gymnast ** Robin Thicke, American-Canadian R&B singer-songwriter, musician, composer, and actor * March 11 ** Becky Hammon, American basketball player ** Jason Greeley, Canadian singer * March 14 ** Naoki Matsuda, Japanese footballer (d. 2011) ** Kim Nam-il, South Korean footballer * March 15 – Brian Tee, Japanese American actor * March 16 – Mónica Cruz, Spanish actress and dancer * March 18 ** Arkady Babchenko, Russian journalist ** Zdeno Chára, Slovak ice hockey player * March 24 – Jessica Chastain, American actress * March 25 – Édgar Ramírez, Venezuelan actor * March 26 – Bianca Kajlich, American actress * March 27 – Vítor Meira, Brazilian racing driver * March 28 – Annie Wersching, American actress


April

* April 1 ** Vitor Belfort, Brazilian mixed martial artist ** Paul Kalanithi, Indian-American neurosurgeon and writer (d. 2015) * April 2 ** Michael Fassbender, Irish-German actor ** Nicki Pedersen, Danish motorcycle rider * April 5 ** Jonathan Erlich, Israeli tennis player ** Daniel Majstorović, Swedish soccer player * April 8 – Mehran Ghassemi, Iranian journalist (d. 2008) * April 9 – Gerard Way, American musician and comic book writer * April 12 – Tobias Angerer, German cross-country skier * April 14 ** Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress ** Nate Fox, American professional basketball player (d. 2014) ** Rob McElhenney, American actor * April 15 – Dejan Milojević, Dejan Milojevic, Serbian basketball player * April 16 – Freddie Ljungberg, Swedish footballer * April 17 – Frederik Magle, Danish composer, concert organist, and pianist * April 21 – Jamie Salé, Canadian figure skater * April 22 ** Anna Eriksson, Finnish pop-rock singer ** Steven Price (composer), Steven Price, British film composer * April 23 ** Arash (singer), Arash, Iranian-Swedish singer, entertainer and producer ** John Cena, American professional wrestler, actor and rapper ** Kal Penn, American actor, producer, and former civil servant * April 24 ** Carlos Beltrán, Puerto Rican baseball player ** Rebecca Mader, English actress * April 25 – Manolo Cardona, Colombian actor * April 26 ** Jason Earles, American actor, comedian, and martial artist ** Tom Welling, American actor, director, producer, and model * April 30 ** Alexandra Holden, American actress ** Ole Jørn Myklebust, Norwegian jazz musician


May

* May 3 – Ryan Dempster, Canadian baseball player * May 4 – Emily Perkins, Canadian actress * May 5 ** Choi Kang-hee (actress), Choi Kang-hee, South Korean actress ** Virginie Efira, Belgian actress and television anchor ** Jessica Schwarz, German film and television actress * May 8 – Juan Ignacio Sánchez, Pepe Sánchez, Argentine basketball player * May 10 – Nick Heidfeld, German racing driver * May 11 ** Janne Ahonen, Finnish ski jumper ** Victor Matfield, South African rugby player * May 12 ** Graeme Dott, Scottish snooker player ** Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (d. 2017) * May 13 – Samantha Morton, English actress * May 14 – Roy Halladay, American baseball player (d. 2017) *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...
** Melanie Lynskey, New Zealand actress ** Emilíana Torrini, Icelandic singer * May 23 ** Richard Ayoade, British actor and presenter ** Ilia Kulik, Russian figure skater ** Yevgeny Rodionov, Russian soldier (d. 1996) * May 24 – Jeet Gannguli, Indian singer, music director and score composer * May 26 ** Misaki Ito, Japanese actress ** Luca Toni, Italian footballer *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
** Abderrahmane Hammad, Algerian athlete ** Tommie van der Leegte, Dutch soccer player * May 29 – Massimo Ambrosini, Italian football player * May 31 ** Domenico Fioravanti, Italian swimmer ** Joachim Olsen, Danish athlete and politician ** Moses Sichone, Zambian footballer


June

* June 1 ** Sarah Wayne Callies, American actress ** Jón Jósep Snæbjörnsson, Jónsi, Icelandic singer * June 2 – Zachary Quinto, American actor * June 7 – Chen Luyun, Chinese basketball (d. 2015) * June 8 – Kanye West, American rapper and record producer * June 9 – Peja Stojaković, Serbian basketball player * June 11 – Geoff Ogilvy, Australian golfer * June 12 – Ana Tijoux, French-Chilean musician * June 17 – Bartosz Brożek, Polish philosopher and jurist * June 18 ** Kaja Kallas, 19th Prime Minister of Estonia ** Majed Moqed, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2001) * June 19 ** Peter Warrick, American football player ** Veronika Vařeková, Czech model ** Maria Cioncan, distance runner from Romania (d. 2007) *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
– Jochen Hecht, German ice hockey player * June 23 – Jason Mraz, American singer-songwriter * June 24 – Mal Michael, Papua New Guinean footballer * June 25 ** Layla El, English dancer, model, and retired professional wrestler ** Naoya Tsukahara, Japanese gymnast * June 26 ** William Kipsang, Kenyan long-distance runner ** Tite Kubo, Japanese manga artist who created BLEACH * June 27 ** Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer ** Raúl (footballer), Raúl, Spanish footballer * June 28 – Harun Tekin, Turkish rock vocalist and guitarist (Mor ve Ötesi) * June 29 ** Jeff Baena, American screenwriter and film director ** Will Kemp (actor, born 1977), Will Kemp, English actor and dancer ** Zuleikha Robinson, British actress and singer ** Bradley Stryker, American actor


July

*
July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** Tom Frager, French-born singer and surfer ** Liv Tyler, American actress * July 2 – Carl Froch, British boxer * July 6 – Audrey Fleurot, French actress * July 8 ** Maciej Jachowski, Polish actor and singer ** Belinda Lee (host), Belinda Lee, Singaporean television host and actress ** Milo Ventimiglia, American actor ** Wang Zhizhi, Chinese basketball player *
July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
– Noppadol Sangnil, Thai snooker player * July 10 ** Cary Joji Fukunaga, American film director, writer, and cinematographer ** Chiwetel Ejiofor, English actor ** Li Zimeng, Chinese host * July 11 ** Casper Crump, Danish actor ** Finau Maka, Tongan rugby union footballer * July 12 ** Steve Howey (actor), Steve Howey, American actor ** Brock Lesnar, American professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist * July 13 ** Jonah Lotan, Israeli actor ** Kari Wahlgren, American voice actress * July 14 – Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden * July 15 – Lana Parrilla, American actress * July 18 ** Alfian Sa'at, Singaporean writer, poet and playwright ** Alexander Morozevich, Russian chess Grandmaster ** Alfian Sa'at, Alfian bin Sa'at, Singaporean writer, poet and playwright * July 21 – Paul Casey, English golfer * July 24 ** Danny Dyer, English actor ** Mehdi Mahdavikia, Iranian football player * July 26 – Rebecca St. James, Australian-born Christian musician * July 27 – Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Irish actor * July 28 – Manu Ginóbili, Argentine basketball player * July 30 – Jaime Pressly, American actress


August

* August 1 – Helder Mota Ricardo, East Timorese footballer * August 2 – Edward Furlong, American actor * August 3 – Tom Brady, American football player and entrepreneur * August 5 – David Chang, American restaurateur and author * August 8 – Marílson Gomes dos Santos, Brazilian long-distance runner * August 13 – Michael Klim, Australian swimmer * August 15 ** Martin Biron, Canadian hockey player ** Igor Cassina, Italian gymnast * August 16 – Tamer Hosny, Egyptian singer-songwriter and actor * August 17 ** Tarja Turunen, Finnish operatic soprano ** Thierry Henry, French footballer ** William Gallas, French footballer * August 18 – Lukáš Bauer, Czech cross-country skier * August 19 – Callum Blue, English actor * August 20 ** Felipe Contepomi, Argentine rugby player ** Manuel Contepomi, Argentine rugby player ** Henning Stensrud, Norwegian ski jumper * August 24 ** Per Gade, Danish footballer ** Jürgen Macho, Austrian footballer ** John Green, American author, vlogger, and editor ** Robert Enke, German footballer (d. 2009) * August 29 – Martha Ehlin, Swedish sports teacher (d. 2016) * August 30 ** Jens Ludwig, German guitarist ** Félix Sánchez (hurdler), Félix Sánchez, American-Dominican athlete * August 31 ** Jeff Hardy, American professional wrestler ** Ian Harte, Irish footballer


September

* September 1 – Kathleen de Leon Jones, Filipino-Australian actress, dancer, singer and television performer (Hi-5 (Australian band), Hi-5) * September 2 ** Frédéric Kanouté, Malian soccer player ** Elitsa Todorova, Bulgarian singer-songwriter * September 4 – Lucie Silvas, English singer * September 9 – Soulja Slim, American rapper (d. 2003) * September 11 – Ludacris, American rapper and actor * September 12 ** 2 Chainz, American rapper ** James McCartney, English musician and songwriter ** Idan Raichel, Israeli singer-songwriter * September 13 – Fiona Apple, American singer * September 15 ** Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Nigerian author ** Angela Aki, Japanese singer-songwriter ** Tom Hardy, English actor ** Jason Terry, American basketball player * September 18 – Kieran West, British Olympic oarsman * September 20 – Namie Amuro, Japanese singer * September 21 – Marc de Hond, Dutch television presenter and wheelchair basketball player (d. 2020) * September 22 – Paul Sculthorpe, English rugby league player * September 23 – Suzanne Tamim, Lebanese singer, actress, and murder victim (d. 2008) * September 24 – Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila, American football player * September 25 ** Clea DuVall, American actress ** Joel David Moore, American actor * September 27 – Andrus Värnik, Estonian javelin thrower *
September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...
** Se-Ri Pak, South Korean golfer ** Kristal Tin, Hong Kong actress * September 30 ** Roy Carroll, Irish footballer ** Sun Jihai, Chinese footballer


October

* October 2 – Didier Défago, Swiss Olympic alpine skier * October 6 – Daniel Brière, Canadian ice hockey player * October 8 – Anne-Caroline Chausson, French mountain bicycle racer * October 11 ** Matt Bomer, American film, stage, and television actor ** Claudia Palacios, Colombian journalist and newsreader * October 12 – Bode Miller, American skier * October 13 ** Paul Pierce, American basketball player ** Kiele Sanchez, American actress * October 14 ** Kelly Schumacher, American basketball and volleyball player ** Oleg Velyky, Ukrainian and German handball player World champion 2007 (d. 2010) * October 15 – David Trezeguet, French footballer * October 16 – John Mayer, American musician and record producer * October 17 ** Dudu Aouate, Israeli footballer ** André Villas-Boas, Portuguese football manager * October 18 ** Jyothika, Indian actress ** Ryan Nelsen, New Zealand footballer ** Paul Stalteri, Canadian footballer * October 25 – Birgit Prinz, German footballer * October 26 ** Jon Heder, American actor and voice artist ** Louis Crayton, Swiss/Liberian footballer * October 27 – Kumar Sangakkara, Sri Lankan cricketer * October 28 – Jonas Rasmussen, Danish badminton player * October 29 – Brendan Fehr, Canadian actor


November

* November 2 – Maajid Nawaz, British-Pakistani activist and radio presenter * November 6 – Patrícia Tavares, Portuguese actress * November 10 – Brittany Murphy, American actress and singer (d. 2009) * November 11 – Scoot McNairy, American actor * November 13 – Huang Xiaoming, Chinese actor and singer * November 15 – Sean Murray (actor), Sean Murray, American actor * November 16 ** Oksana Baiul, Ukrainian figure skater ** Maggie Gyllenhaal, American actress * November 17 – Ryk Neethling, South African swimmer * November 18 – Trent Barrett, Australian rugby league player * November 19 ** Mette Frederiksen, Danish politician ** Kerri Strug, American gymnast * November 20 – Daniel Svensson, Swedish drummer * November 21 – Tobias Sammet, German singer and songwriter * November 24 – Colin Hanks, American actor * November 28 – DeMya Walker, American basketball player * November 30 – Nelsan Ellis, African-American film and television actor and playwright (d. 2017)


December

* December 1 – Brad Delson, American musician (Linkin Park) * December 6 ** Andrew Flintoff, English cricketer ** Paul McVeigh, Irish footballer * December 7 – Luke Donald, English golfer * December 8 ** Elsa Benítez, Mexican model and television host ** Sébastien Chabal, French rugby union player ** Ryan Newman (racing driver), Ryan Newman, American race car driver ** Matthias Schoenaerts, Belgian actor and producer * December 11 – Peter Stringer, Irish rugby union player * December 12 – Adam Saitiev, Chechen wrestler, Olympic gold medalist * December 16 – Anu Nieminen, Finnish badminton player * December 17 – Oxana Fedorova, Russian model * December 20 – Sonja Aldén, Swedish pop singer * December 21 ** Gregor Horvatič, Slovenian politician ** Emmanuel Macron, 25th President of France * December 23 – Jari Mäenpää, Finnish musician * December 24 – Domingo Vega, also known as ''Américo'', Chilean singer * December 25 – Uhm Ji-won, South Korean actress * December 30 ** Laila Ali, American boxer ** Kenyon Martin, American basketball player * December 31 ** Psy, South Korean singer, songwriter, rapper, dancer and record producer ** Donald Trump Jr., American businessman and son of former U.S. President Donald Trump


Deaths


January

* January 2 – Erroll Garner, American musician (b. 1921) * January 4 – Ibrahim Biçakçiu, Albanian politician, 2-time Prime Minister of Albania leader of World War II (b. 1905) * January 5 – Artur Adson, Estonian poet, writer and theatre critic (b. 1889) * January 14 ** Anthony Eden, British politician, 62nd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1897) ** Peter Finch, English-born actor (b. 1916) ** Anaïs Nin, French diarist and writer (b. 1903) * January 17 – Gary Gilmore, American murderer (b. 1940) * January 18 **
Džemal Bijedić Džemal Bijedić ( cyrl, Џемал Биједић, ; 12 April 1917 – 18 January 1977) was a Bosnian and Yugoslav politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Yugoslavia from 30 July 1971 until his death in a plane crash on 18 January 1977. ...
, Yugoslavian politician, 27th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1917) ** Carl Zuckmayer, German writer and playwright (b. 1896) * January 19 – Yvonne Printemps, French singer and actress (b. 1894) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
– Dimitrios Kiousopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1892) * January 23 – Pascual Pérez (boxer), Pascual Pérez, Argentine world Flyweight boxing champion (b. 1926) * January 26 – Dietrich von Hildebrand, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1889) * January 28 – Burt Mustin, American actor (b. 1884) * January 29 – Freddie Prinze, American actor and comedian (b. 1954)


February

*
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
– Pauline Starke, American actress (b. 1901) *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– Brett Halliday, American writer (b. 1904) * February 5 – Oskar Klein, Swedish theoretical physicist (b. 1894) * February 9 – Alia Al-Hussein, Queen consort of Jordan (b. 1948) * February 15 – Herman Johannes Lam, Dutch botanist (b. 1892) * February 16 ** Rózsa Péter, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1905) ** Carlos Pellicer, Mexican poet (b. 1897) * February 27 – John Dickson Carr, American crime novelist (b. 1906)


March

* March 1 – Diallo Telli, Guinean diplomat and politician, 1st Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity (b. 1925) * March 3 ** Brian Faulkner, last Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (b. 1921) ** Percy Marmont, American stage and screen actor (b. 1883) * March 4 ** Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (b. 1951) ** Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German jurist and senior government official, last führer of Nazi Germany (b. 1887) * March 5 – Tom Pryce, British Formula One racing driver (b. 1949) * March 8 – Henry Hull, American actor (b. 1890) * March 10 ** E. Power Biggs, English-American organist (b. 1906) ** Willem Schermerhorn, Dutch politician and civil engineer, 28th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1894) * March 14 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American civil rights activist (b. 1917) * March 15 – Antonino Rocca, Italian professional wrestler (b. 1921) * March 17 – Claude Roger-Marx, French writer, and playwright (b. 1888) * March 18 – Marien Ngouabi, 3rd President of Congo (b. 1938) * March 19 – William L. Laurence, Jewish Lithuanian-American journalist (b. 1888) * March 20 – Charles Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham, English politician, 9th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1909) * March 29 – Eugen Wüster, industrialist and terminologist (b. 1898) * March 30 – Abdel Halim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor (b. 1929)


April

* April 2 – John Whitaker (gymnast), John Whitaker, British gymnast (b. 1886) * April 5 – Carlos Prío Socarrás, 11th President of Cuba (b. 1903) * April 7 – Karl Ritter (director), Karl Ritter, German film producer and director (b. 1888) * April 11 – Jacques Prévert, French poet and screenwriter (b. 1900) * April 17 – William Conway (cardinal), William Conway, Northern Irish cardinal (b. 1913) * April 20 ** Wilmer Allison, American tennis champion (b. 1904) ** Bryan Foy, American film producer and director (b. 1896) * April 21 – Gummo Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1892) * April 27 ** Stanley Adams (actor), Stanley Adams, American actor (b. 1915) ** Charles Alston, American artist and sculptor (b. 1907) * April 28 ** Ricardo Cortez, American actor (b. 1899) ** Sepp Herberger, German footballer and manager (b. 1897)


May

* May 5 – Ludwig Erhard, German politician, 28th Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic of Germany), Chancellor of Germany (West Germany) (b. 1897) * May 7 – Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, Spanish Carlist pretender (b. 1889) * May 9 – James Jones (author), James Jones, American writer (b. 1921) * May 10 – Joan Crawford, American actress (b. c. 1904) * May 13 – Otto Deßloch, German World War II Luftwaffe general (b. 1889) * May 15 – Herbert Wilcox, British film director and producer (b. 1892) *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...
– Modibo Keïta, 1st President of Mali (b. 1915) * May 25 – Willoughby Norrie, 1st Baron Norrie, Willoughby Norrie, British army general and Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1893) * May 31 – William Castle, American film director (b. 1914)


June

* June 2 – Stephen Boyd, Northern Irish actor (b. 1931) * June 3 ** Archibald Hill, English physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886) ** Roberto Rossellini, Italian film director (b. 1906) * June 13 – Matthew Garber, English child actor (b. 1956) * June 14 – Alan Reed, American actor (b. 1907) * June 16 – Wernher von Braun, American-German aerospace engineer (b. 1912) * June 22 – Marston Morse, American mathematician (b. 1892) * June 25 – Olave Baden-Powell, founder of Scouting and Girl Guides (b. 1889) * June 26 – Sergei Lemeshev, Russian operatic lyric tenor (b. 1902) * June 30 – Paul Hartmann (actor), Paul Hartmann, American actor (b. 1889)


July

* July 2 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian-born American writer (b. 1899) *
July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
– Alice Paul, American women's rights activist (b. 1885) * July 15 – Konstantin Fedin, Russian writer (b. 1892) * July 20 – Carter DeHaven, American actor (b. 1886) * July 25 – David Toro, 35th President of Bolivia (b. 1898) * July 26 – Prince Charles of Luxembourg (1927–1977), Prince Charles of Luxembourg, Prince of Luxembourg (b. 1927) * July 30 – Jean de Laborde, French admiral (b. 1878) * July 31 – Giuseppe Castellano, Italian general (b. 1893)


August

* August 1 – Francis Gary Powers, American Lockheed U-2, U-2 spy plane pilot (b. 1929) * August 2 – Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira, Portuguese Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1888) * August 3 ** Alfred Lunt, American actor (b. 1892) ** Makarios III, Greek-Cypriot archbishop, 1st President of Cyprus (b. 1913) * August 4 ** Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, English physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889) ** Ernst Bloch, German Marxist philosopher (b. 1885) * August 6 – Alexander Bustamante, Jamaican politician, 1st Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1884) * August 8 – Son Ngoc Thanh, 2nd Prime Minister of Cambodia (b. 1908) * August 13 – Henry Williamson, English naturalist, farmer and prolific ruralist (b. 1895) * August 16 – Elvis Presley, American actor, musician and singer-songwriter (b. 1935) * August 17 – Delmer Daves, American screenwriter and director (b. 1904) * August 19 – Groucho Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1890) * August 22 – Sebastian Cabot (actor), Sebastian Cabot, English actor (b.
1918 This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide. Events Below, the events ...
) * August 23 – Naum Gabo, Russian sculptor (b. 1890) * August 29 – Jean Hagen, American actress (b. 1923)


September

* September 1 – Ethel Waters, American singer and actress (b. 1896) * September 4 – E. F. Schumacher, German statistician and economist (b. 1885) * September 6 – John Edensor Littlewood, British mathematician (b. 1885) * September 8 – Zero Mostel, American actor (b. 1915) * September 10 - Adolph Rupp, American college basketball coach (b. 1901) * September 12 – Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist (b. 1946) * September 13 – Leopold Stokowski, English conductor (b. 1882) * September 16 ** Marc Bolan, British singer and guitarist (b. 1947) ** Maria Callas, Greek soprano (b. 1923) * September 18 – Paul Bernays, Swiss mathematician (b. 1888) * September 29 – Robert McKimson, American animator and director (b. 1910)


October

* October 3 – Tay Garnett, American film director (b. 1894) * October 10 – Jean Duvieusart, Belgian politician, 36th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1900) * October 12 – Dorothy Davenport, American actress (b. 1895) * October 14 – Bing Crosby, American pop singer and actor (b. 1903) * October 17 – Michael Balcon, Sir Michael Balcon, English film producer (b. 1896) * October 20 – Three members of American rock group,
Lynyrd Skynyrd Lynyrd Skynyrd ( ) is an American rock music, rock band formed in Jacksonville, Florida. The group originally formed as My Backyard in 1964 and comprised Ronnie Van Zant (lead vocalist), Gary Rossington (guitar), Allen Collins (guitar), Larry Ju ...
, killed in plane crash: ** Ronnie Van Zant, lead singer (b. 1948) ** Cassie Gaines, lead singer (b. 1948) ** Steve Gaines, lead singer and guitarist (b. 1949) * October 25 – Félix Gouin, French Socialist politician (b. 1884) * October 27 ** James M. Cain, American writer (b. 1892) ** Miguel Mihura, Spanish playwright (b. 1905)


November

* November 3 – Florence Vidor, American actress (b. 1895) * November 4 – Betty Balfour, English screen actress (b. 1902) * November 5 ** René Goscinny, French comic book writer (b. 1926) ** Guy Lombardo, Canadian-American bandleader (b. 1902) *
November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...
– Gertrude Astor, American actress (b. 1887) * November 10 – Dennis Wheatley, English writer (b. 1897) * November 14 ** A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Indian religious leader (b. 1896) ** Ferdinand Heim, German general, branded the "Battle of Stalingrad, Scapegoat of Stalingrad" (b. 1897) * November 15 – Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois, Princess Charlotte of Monaco (b. 1898) * November 18 ** Victor Francen, Belgian actor (b. 1888) ** Kurt Schuschnigg, 11th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1897) * November 21 – Richard Carlson (actor), Richard Carlson, American actor (b. 1912) * November 30 – Olga Petrova, English-born American actress (b. 1884)Olga Petrova
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December

* December 3 – Jack Beresford, British Olympic rower (b. 1899) * December 5 – Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Soviet general, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1895) * December 12 – Clementine Churchill, wife of Winston Churchill (b. 1885) * December 16 ** Gustaf Aulén, Bishop of Strängnäs in the Church of Sweden (b. 1879) ** Yngve Larsson, Swedish statesman (b. 1881) * December 19 ** Takeo Kurita, Japanese admiral (b. 1889) ** Nellie Tayloe Ross, American politician (b. 1876) * December 24 – Juan Velasco Alvarado, 58th President of Peru (b. 1910) * December 25 – Sir Charlie Chaplin, British actor, producer and director (b. 1889) * December 26 – Howard Hawks, American film director (b. 1896) * December 28 – Charlotte Greenwood, American actress (b. 1890)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Philip Warren Anderson, Sir Nevill Francis Mott, John Hasbrouck Van Vleck * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Ilya Prigogine * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Roger Guillemin, Andrew Schally, Rosalyn Yalow * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Vicente Aleixandre * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Amnesty International * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Bertil Ohlin, James Meade


References

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