*
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (
February 25
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor.
* 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II.
...
,
July 22
Events Pre-1600
* 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
*1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of J ...
and
August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (
February 10
Events Pre-1600
* 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end.
* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...
, and
August 6
Events Pre-1600
*1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean.
* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...
).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
January
*
January 2
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor.
* 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...
– 66 people are killed and over 200 injured
during a crush in Glasgow, Scotland.
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
*1675 – Battle of Turckh ...
– The first ever
One Day International
A One Day International (ODI) is a form of limited overs cricket, played between two teams with international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of overs, currently 50, with the game lasting up to 9 hours. The Cricket World C ...
cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striki ...
match is played between Australia and England at the
Melbourne Cricket Ground
The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), also known locally as "The 'G", is an Australian sports stadium located in Yarra Park, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Victoria. Founded and managed by the Melbourne Cricket Club, it is the largest stadiu ...
.
*
January 8
Events Pre-1600
* 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying.
* 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...
–
Tupamaros
The Tupamaros – National Liberation Movement ( es, Movimiento de Liberación Nacional – Tupamaros, MLN-T), widely known as Tupamaros, was a Marxist-Leninist urban guerrilla group in Uruguay in the 1960s and 1970s. The MLN-T is inextricab ...
kidnap Geoffrey Jackson, British ambassador to
Uruguay
Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
, in
Montevideo
Montevideo () is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
, keeping him captive until September.
*
January 9
Events Pre-1600
* 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain.
*1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...
–
Uruguay
Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
an president
Jorge Pacheco Areco
Jorge Pacheco Areco (April 9, 1920 – July 29, 1998) was a Uruguayan politician and member of the Colorado Party. He served as President of Uruguay from December 6, 1967 to March 1, 1972. demands emergency powers for 90 days due to kidnappings, and receives them the next day.
*
January 12
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.
*1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...
– The landmark United States television sitcom ''
All in the Family'', starring
Carroll O'Connor as
Archie Bunker
Archie is a masculine given name, a diminutive of Archibald. It may refer to:
People Given name or nickname
*Archie Alexander (1888–1958), African-American mathematician, engineer and governor of the US Virgin Islands
* Archie Blake (mathematici ...
, debuts on
CBS.
*
January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
*1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
*1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Seventy
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
ian political prisoners are released in
Santiago
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose ...
, Chile; Giovanni Enrico Bucher is released
January 16
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire.
* 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
.
*
January 15
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months.
* 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
– The
Aswan High Dam
The Aswan Dam, or more specifically since the 1960s, the Aswan High Dam, is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built across the Nile in Aswan, Egypt, between 1960 and 1970. Its significance largely eclipsed the previous Aswan Lo ...
officially opens in Egypt.
*
January 18
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail.
* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...
** Strikes in Poland demand the resignation of Interior Minister
Kazimierz Świtała
Kazimierz Czesław Switala (Rakoniewice, Poland on 21 April 1923 – Warsaw, 6 March 2011) was a Polish communist politician. He was the Minister of Internal Affairs from 1968 to 1971, but was forced to resign as a result of the December 1970 mas ...
. He resigns January 23 and is replaced by Franciszek Szlachcic.
**
Ivan Koloff
Oreal Donald Perras (August 25, 1942 – February 18, 2017) was a Canadian professional wrestler, better known by the ring name "The Russian Bear" Ivan Koloff. He was the third wrestler to hold the WWWF Championship.
Early life
Perras was b ...
defeats
Bruno Sammartino
Bruno Leopoldo Francesco Sammartino (October 6, 1935 – April 18, 2018) was an Italian-born American professional wrestler, best known for his work with the World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF, now WWE). There, he held the WWWF World Heavywei ...
for the
WWWF World Heavyweight Championship in wrestling ending a seven and two thirds years reign, the longest in the Championships history.
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
– Representatives of 23 western oil companies begin negotiations with
OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, ) is a cartel of countries. Founded on 14 September 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), it has, since 1965, been headquart ...
in
Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
to stabilize
oil prices;
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
they sign a treaty with 6
Khalij el-Arab
The Arab's Gulf, also known as the Arab Gulf or Arab Bay (all translating the Arabic name Khalij el-Arab, خليج العرب), is a large bay to the west of Alexandria in Egypt. It is not to be confused with the " Arabian Gulf" (a historic name f ...
countries.
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
– The
Guinea
Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the we ...
n government sentences to death 92 Guineans who helped Portuguese troops in the failed landing attempts in November
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extrem ...
; 72 are sentenced to
hard labor for life; 58 of the sentenced are hanged the next day.
*
January 25
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate.
* 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...
** In
Uganda
}), is a landlocked country in East Africa
East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...
,
Idi Amin
Idi Amin Dada Oumee (, ; 16 August 2003) was a Ugandan military officer and politician who served as the third president of Uganda from 1971 to 1979. He ruled as a military dictator and is considered one of the most brutal despots in modern w ...
deposes
Milton Obote in a coup, and becomes president.
** In Los Angeles,
Charles Manson
Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loca ...
and 3 female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969
Tate–LaBianca murders.
**
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (; ; "Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks ...
becomes the 18th Indian state.
** ''Intelsat IV'' (F2) is launched; it enters commercial service over the Atlantic Ocean
March 26.
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
–
Apollo program:
Apollo 14
Apollo 14 (January 31, 1971February 9, 1971) was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to land on the Moon, and the first to land in the lunar highlands. It was the last of the " H missions", landings at s ...
(carrying astronauts
Alan Shepard,
Stuart Roosa, and
Edgar Mitchell
Edgar Dean Mitchell (September 17, 1930 – February 4, 2016) was a United States Navy officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, ufologist, and NASA astronaut. As the Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 14 in 1971 he spent nine hour ...
) lifts off on the third successful lunar landing mission.
February
*
February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
** In Britain,
Rolls-Royce goes bankrupt and is nationalised.
** The
Nasdaq
The Nasdaq Stock Market () (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations Stock Market) is an American stock exchange based in New York City. It is the most active stock trading venue in the US by volume, and ranked second ...
stock exchange is founded in New York City.
*
February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
–
Apollo 14
Apollo 14 (January 31, 1971February 9, 1971) was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to land on the Moon, and the first to land in the lunar highlands. It was the last of the " H missions", landings at s ...
lands on the Moon.
*
February 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop.
1601–1900
* 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
– The 4.6
Mb Tuscania earthquake shakes the Italian province of Viterbo with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe''), causing 24 deaths, 150 injuries and extreme damage.
*
February 7
Events Pre-1600
* 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor.
* 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II.
* 1301 &nd ...
** Switzerland gives women voting rights in state elections, but not in all
canton
Canton may refer to:
Administrative division terminology
* Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries, notably Switzerland
* Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French
Arts and ent ...
-specific ones.
**
Władysław Gomułka is expelled from the Central Council of the Polish Communist Party.
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
*1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
– A new
stock market index
In finance, a stock index, or stock market index, is an index that measures a stock market, or a subset of the stock market, that helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.
Two of the ...
called the
Nasdaq Composite debuts in the United States.
*
February 9
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
* 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
* 1539 – The first recorded race is hel ...
** The 6.5–6.7
Sylmar earthquake hits the
Greater Los Angeles Area
Greater Los Angeles is the second-largest metropolitan region in the United States with a population of 18.5 million in 2021, encompassing five counties in Southern California extending from Ventura County in the west to San Bernardino Coun ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing 64 and injuring 2,000.
**
Satchel Paige
Leroy Robert "Satchel" Paige (July 7, 1906 – June 8, 1982) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Negro league baseball and Major League Baseball (MLB). His career spanned five decades and culminated with his induction in ...
becomes the first
Negro league
The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans and, to a lesser extent, Latin Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be ...
player to become voted into the
Baseball Hall of Fame
The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is a history museum and hall of fame in Cooperstown, New York, operated by private interests. It serves as the central point of the history of baseball in the United States and displays baseball-r ...
.
**
Apollo program:
Apollo 14
Apollo 14 (January 31, 1971February 9, 1971) was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to land on the Moon, and the first to land in the lunar highlands. It was the last of the " H missions", landings at s ...
returns to Earth after the third human Moon landing.
*
February 10
Events Pre-1600
* 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end.
* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...
– A
total lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow. Such alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six months, during the full moon phase, when the Moon's orbital plane is closest to Ecliptic, the plane of t ...
is visible from Pacific, Americas, Europe and Africa, and is the 50th lunar eclipse of
Lunar Saros 123.
*
February 11
Events Pre-1600
*660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
* 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
– The US, UK, USSR and others sign the
Seabed Treaty
The Seabed Arms Control Treaty (or Seabed Treaty, formally the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil thereof) is a multilater ...
, outlawing
nuclear weapon
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions ( thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bom ...
s on the ocean floor.
*
February 11
Events Pre-1600
*660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
* 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
–
12 – Palestinian and Jordanian fighters clash in
Amman
Amman (; ar, عَمَّان, ' ; Ammonite language, Ammonite: 𐤓𐤁𐤕 𐤏𐤌𐤍 ''Rabat ʻAmān'') is the capital and largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center. With a population of 4,061,150 a ...
.
*
February 13
Events Pre-1600
* 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
*1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
*1462 – The ...
–
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Backed by American air and artillery support,
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
ese troops invade
Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
.
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
–
Decimal Day
Decimal Day in the United Kingdom and in Ireland was Monday 15 February 1971, the day on which each country decimalised its respective £sd currency of pounds, shillings, and pence.
Before this date, the British pound sterling (symbol "£" ...
: The United Kingdom and Ireland both switch to
decimal currency
Decimalisation or decimalization (see spelling differences) is the conversion of a system of currency or of weights and measures to units related by powers of 10.
Most countries have decimalised their currencies, converting them from non-decimal ...
(see also
decimalisation
Decimalisation or decimalization (see spelling differences) is the conversion of a system of currency or of weights and measures to units related by powers of 10.
Most countries have decimalised their currencies, converting them from non-decimal ...
).
*
February 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.
* 1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...
– In Italy, a local parliament elects the city of
Catanzaro as the capital of
Calabria
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 =
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demographics1_title2 ...
; residents of
Reggio di Calabria riot for 5 days because of the decision.
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– The U.S.
Emergency Broadcast System sends an erroneous warning across the nation's radio and television stations, meant to be a standard weekly test conducted by
NORAD
North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD ), known until March 1981 as the North American Air Defense Command, is a combined organization of the United States and Canada that provides aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and protection ...
in Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado. Some stations cease broadcasting until the message is rescinded, as required by federal rules, while most ignore it.
*
February 21
Events Pre-1600
* 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine.
* 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery.
* 1440 – The Prus ...
** The
Convention on Psychotropic Substances
The Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 is a United Nations treaty designed to control psychoactive drugs such as #Amphetamine-type stimulants, amphetamine-type stimulants, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and Psychedelic drug, psychede ...
is signed at
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
.
** Between February 21 and 22,
an outbreak of nineteen
tornado
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
es rage across the
Mississippi Delta
The Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo–Mississippi Delta, or simply the Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) that lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo ...
in
Mississippi
Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
and
Louisiana
Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...
, killing 123 people.
*
February 23
Events Pre-1600
* 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution.
* 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
–
Operation Lam Son 719: South Vietnamese General
Do Cao Tri
Do, DO or D.O. may refer to:
Languages
* The English verb, ''do'', which may serve as an auxiliary verb; see do-support
* ''Do'' (kana), a mora symbol in Japanese writing
* Ditto mark
People
* Đỗ, a Vietnamese surname
* Do (surname), include ...
is killed in a helicopter crash en route to taking control of the faltering campaign.
*
February 25
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor.
* 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II.
...
– A
partial solar eclipse is visible from Europe, Africa and Asia, and is the 18th solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 149
Saros cycle series 149 for solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an ecl ...
.
*
February 26
Events Pre-1600
*747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events.
* 364 – Valentinian I is p ...
– Secretary General
U Thant signs the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
proclamation of the
March equinox
The March equinox or northward equinox is the equinox on the Earth when the subsolar point appears to leave the Southern Hemisphere and cross the celestial equator, heading northward as seen from Earth. The March equinox is known as the verna ...
(March 21) as
Earth Day
Earth Day is an annual event on April 22 to demonstrate support for environmental protection. First held on April 22, 1970, it now includes a wide range of events coordinated globally by EarthDay.org (formerly Earth Day Network) including 1 b ...
.
*
February 27
Events Pre-1600
* 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity.
* 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– Doctors in the first Dutch
abortion clinic (Mildredhuis in
Arnhem) start to perform
abortion
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of pregn ...
s.
*
February 28
Events Pre-1600
*202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty.
* 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes.
*1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
–
Evel Knievel
Robert Craig "Evel" Knievel (; October 17, 1938 – November 30, 2007) was an American stunt performer and entertainer. Over the course of his career, he attempted more than 75 ramp-to-ramp motorcycle jumps. Knievel was inducted into the Motor ...
sets a world record and jumps 19 cars on a motorbike in
Ontario, California
Ontario is a city in southwestern San Bernardino County in the U.S. state of California, east of downtown Los Angeles and west of downtown San Bernardino, the county seat. Located in the western part of the Inland Empire metropolitan area, ...
.
March
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor ...
** A bomb explodes in the men's room at the
United States Capitol; the
Weather Underground claims responsibility.
** Pakistani president
Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan
General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan , (Urdu: ; 4 February 1917 – 10 August 1980); commonly known as Yahya Khan, was a Pakistani military general who served as the third President of Pakistan and Chief Martial Law Administrator following his p ...
indefinitely postpones the pending National Assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...
.
** Canadian
John Robarts ends his term of office as the 17th
Premier of Ontario
The premier of Ontario (french: premier ministre de l'Ontario) is the head of government of Ontario. Under the Westminster system, the premier governs with the Confidence and supply, confidence of a majority the elected Legislative Assembly of On ...
.
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
–
Awami League In Urdu language, Awami is the adjectival form for '' Awam'', the Urdu language word for common people.
The adjective appears in the following proper names:
*Awami Colony, a neighbourhood of Landhi Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
*Awami Front, wa ...
leader
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman launched the
non-cooperation movement
The Non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on 4 September 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance. in
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...
.
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
– The southern part of
Quebec
Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
, and especially
Montreal
Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-most populous city in Canada and List of towns in Quebec, most populous city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian ...
, receives 16½" (42 cm) of snow in what becomes known as the
Century's Snowstorm (''la tempête du siècle'').
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
** The
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
i army occupies East Pakistan.
** In
Belfast
Belfast ( , ; from ga, Béal Feirste , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdo ...
, a
Led Zeppelin
Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968. The group comprised vocalist Robert Plant, guitarist Jimmy Page, bassist/keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. With a heavy, guitar-driven sound, they are ci ...
show includes the first public performance of "
Stairway to Heaven
"Stairway to Heaven" is a song by English rock band Led Zeppelin, released in late 1971. It was composed by the band's guitarist Jimmy Page and lead singer Robert Plant for their untitled fourth studio album (often titled ''Led Zeppelin IV'') ...
," a song from the band's
fourth album.
*
March 6 – A fire in a mental hospital in
Burghölzli
The ''Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich'' (Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich) is a psychiatric hospital in Switzerland. As a research hospital, it is associated with the University of Zürich. It is also called Burghölzli, after th ...
, Switzerland kills 28 people.
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
** ''
Die Sendung mit der Maus
' (''The Show with the Mouse''), often simply ' (''The Mouse''), is a German children's television series, popular nation-wide for its educational content.Bernhard Borgeest"Von Mäusen und Machern"''Focus, official website. (March 12, 2001) Retr ...
'' airs its first episode on
Das Erste
Das Erste (; "The First") is the flagship national television channel of the ARD association of public broadcasting corporations in Germany. ''Das Erste'' is jointly operated by the nine regional public broadcasting corporations that are member ...
.
** The British postal workers' strike, led by
UPW General Secretary
Tom Jackson
Tom or TOM may refer to:
* Tom (given name), a diminutive of Thomas or Tomás or an independent Aramaic given name (and a list of people with the name)
Characters
* Tom Anderson, a character in ''Beavis and Butt-Head''
* Tom Beck, a character ...
, ends after 47 days.
**
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, political leader of
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...
(modern day-
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
), delivers a famous speech at the Racecourse Field in
Dhaka
Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), formerly known as Dacca, is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest Bengali-speaking city. It is the eighth largest and sixth most densely populated city ...
calling for masses to be prepared to fight for national independence.
*
March 8
** The
Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI
The Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI was an activist group operational in the US during the early 1970s. Their only known action was breaking into a two-man Media, Pennsylvania, office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and s ...
breaks into the
Media, Pennsylvania
Media is a borough in and the county seat of Delaware County, Pennsylvania. It is located about west of Philadelphia, the sixth most populous city in the nation with 1.6 million residents as 2020. It is part of the Delaware Valley metropolita ...
offices of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, ...
and removes all of its files.
** "
Fight of the Century
Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali, billed as ''The Fight Of The Century'' or simply ''The Fight'', was a heavyweight championship boxing match between WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight champion Joe Frazier and former undisputed heavyweight champ ...
": Boxer
Joe Frazier
Joseph William Frazier (January 12, 1944November 7, 2011), nicknamed "Smokin' Joe", was an American professional boxer who competed from 1965 to 1981. He was known for his strength, durability, formidable left hand, and relentless pressure fi ...
defeats
Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century, a ...
in a 15-round
unanimous decision
A unanimous decision (UD) is a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts and other sports involving striking and submission in which all three judges agree on which fighter ...
at
Madison Square Garden
Madison Square Garden, colloquially known as The Garden or by its initials MSG, is a multi-purpose indoor arena in New York City. It is located in Midtown Manhattan between Seventh and Eighth avenues from 31st to 33rd Street, above Pennsylva ...
.
*
March 10 –
William McMahon
Sir William McMahon (23 February 190831 March 1988) was an Australian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1971 to 1972 as leader of the Liberal Party. He was a government minister for over 21 years, t ...
replaces
John Gorton as the
Liberal
Liberal or liberalism may refer to:
Politics
* a supporter of liberalism
** Liberalism by country
* an adherent of a Liberal Party
* Liberalism (international relations)
* Sexually liberal feminism
* Social liberalism
Arts, entertainment and m ...
/
Country
A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while the ...
Coalition
A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces.
Formation
According to ''A Gui ...
Prime Minister of Australia
The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister heads the executive branch of the Australian Government, federal government of Australia and is also accountable to Parliament of A ...
after Gorton resigns following a
vote of confidence
A motion of no confidence, also variously called a vote of no confidence, no-confidence motion, motion of confidence, or vote of confidence, is a statement or vote about whether a person in a position of responsibility like in government or mana ...
that was tied 33-all.
*
March 11 – ''
THX 1138
''THX 1138'' is a 1971 American social science fiction film co-written and directed by George Lucas in his directorial debut. Produced by Francis Ford Coppola and co-written by Walter Murch, the film stars Robert Duvall and Donald Pleasence, wit ...
'',
George Lucas
George Walton Lucas Jr. (born May 14, 1944) is an American filmmaker. Lucas is best known for creating the ''Star Wars'' and ''Indiana Jones'' franchises and founding Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Industrial Light & Magic and THX. He served as chairm ...
' first full-length film, premieres in theaters.
*
March 12
Events Pre-1600
* 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius.
* 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
–
Hafez al-Assad
Hafez al-Assad ', , (, 6 October 1930 – 10 June 2000) was a Syrian statesman and military officer who served as President of Syria from taking power in 1971 until his death in 2000. He was also Prime Minister of Syria from 1970 to 1 ...
becomes president of
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
.
*
March 12
Events Pre-1600
* 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius.
* 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
–
13 –
The Allman Brothers Band plays their legendary concert at the
Fillmore East.
*
March 16 –
Trygve Bratteli
(11 January 1910 – 20 November 1984) was a Norwegian newspaper editor and politician with the Norwegian Labour Party. He served as the 26th prime minister of Norway from 1971 to 1972 and again from 1973 to 1976. He was president of the No ...
forms a government in Norway.
*
March 18 – A landslide in Chungar,
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal
, national_motto = "Fi ...
crashes into
Yanawayin Lake
Yanawayin ( Quechua ''yana'' black, Ancash Quechua ''wayi'' house, "black house", ''-n'' a suffix, other spellings ''Yanahuain, Yanahuin, Yanahuni, Yanahuani'') is a lake in the central Peruvian Andes. It lies in the Lima Region, Huaral Province ...
, killing 200.
*
March 23 – General
Alejandro Lanusse of
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
takes power in a military coup.
*
March 25
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto.
* 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
– The
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
i army starts
Operation Searchlight in
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...
(now
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
) at midnight after President
Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan
General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan , (Urdu: ; 4 February 1917 – 10 August 1980); commonly known as Yahya Khan, was a Pakistani military general who served as the third President of Pakistan and Chief Martial Law Administrator following his p ...
, a military ruler, voids election results that gave the
Awami League In Urdu language, Awami is the adjectival form for '' Awam'', the Urdu language word for common people.
The adjective appears in the following proper names:
*Awami Colony, a neighbourhood of Landhi Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
*Awami Front, wa ...
an overwhelming majority in the parliament; start of the
1971 Bangladesh genocide
The genocide in Bangladesh began on 25 March 1971 with the launch of Operation Searchlight, as the government of Pakistan, dominated by West Pakistan, began a military crackdown on East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to suppress Bengali peopl ...
. That ended the non-cooperation movement.
*
March 26
** East Pakistan's independence is declared by
Ziaur Rahman
Lt. General Ziaur Rahman (19 January 1936 – 30 May 1981), was a Bangladeshi military officer and politician who served as the President of Bangladesh from 1977 to 1981. He was assassinated on 30 May 1981 in Chittagong in an army coup d' ...
on behalf of
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and transmitted using
East Pakistan Rifles
East or Orient is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the fac ...
radio.
**
Nihat Erim (a former
CHP member) forms the new government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(33rd government, composed mostly of technocrats).
*
March 27 – East Pakistan's independence is repeatedly declared by army major (later president of Bangladesh) Ziaur Rahman on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from Kalurghat Radio Station,
Chittagong
Chittagong ( /ˈtʃɪt əˌɡɒŋ/ ''chit-uh-gong''; ctg, চিটাং; bn, চিটাগং), officially Chattogram ( bn, চট্টগ্রাম), is the second-largest city in Bangladesh after Dhaka and third largest city in B ...
.
*
March 29
** U.S. Army lieutenant
William Calley is found guilty of 22 murders during the
My Lai Massacre and is sentenced to life in prison (he is later pardoned).
** A
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
jury recommends the
death penalty
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...
for
Charles Manson
Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loca ...
and female followers
Susan Atkins,
Patricia Krenwinkel and
Leslie Van Houten.
*
March 30 –
Starbucks
Starbucks Corporation is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is the world's largest coffeehouse chain.
As of November 2021, the company had 33,833 stores in 80 c ...
coffee shop is founded in the U.S. state of
Washington
Washington commonly refers to:
* Washington (state), United States
* Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States
** A metonym for the federal government of the United States
** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered on ...
.
April
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
– The United Kingdom lifts all restrictions on gold ownership.
*
April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
** In
Ceylon
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
, a group calling themselves the
People's Liberation Front begins a rebellion against the
Bandaranaike government.
**
Mount Etna
Mount Etna, or simply Etna ( it, Etna or ; scn, Muncibbeḍḍu or ; la, Aetna; grc, Αἴτνα and ), is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Catania, between the cities of Messina a ...
erupts in Sicily.
*
April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
– A right-wing coup attempt is exposed in
Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
.
*
April 12 – Palestinians retreat from
Amman
Amman (; ar, عَمَّان, ' ; Ammonite language, Ammonite: 𐤓𐤁𐤕 𐤏𐤌𐤍 ''Rabat ʻAmān'') is the capital and largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center. With a population of 4,061,150 a ...
to the north of
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
.
*
April 17
Events Pre-1600
*1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
*1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...
** The People's Republic of
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
forms under
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Mujibnagor.
**
Libya
Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...
,
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
and
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
sign an agreement to form a
confederation
A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a union of sovereign groups or states united for purposes of common action. Usually created by a treaty, confederations of states tend to be established for dealing with critical issu ...
.
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at ...
** The government of
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
flees to India.
**
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierra ...
becomes a
republic
A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...
.
** The Soviet Union launches ''
Salyut 1''.
**
Charles Manson
Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loca ...
is sentenced to death in the United States; in 1972, the sentence for all California death-row inmates will be commuted to life imprisonment.
*
April 20
** ''
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
''Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education'', 402 U.S. 1 (1971), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case dealing with the busing of students to promote integration in public schools. The Court held that busing was an appropriate ...
'': The
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial
desegregation.
**
Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...
n prime minister
Lon Nol
Marshal Lon Nol ( km, លន់ នល់, also ; 13 November 1913 – 17 November 1985) was a Cambodian politician and general who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia
The prime minister of Cambodia ( km, នាយករដ្ឋមន្ ...
resigns but remains effectively in power until the next elections.
**
National Public Radio
National Public Radio (NPR, stylized in all lowercase) is an American privately and state funded nonprofit media organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California. It differs from other n ...
(NPR) airs its first broadcast.
*
April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
–
Siaka Stevens
Siaka Probyn Stevens (24 August 1905 – 29 May 1988) was the leader of Sierra Leone from 1967 to 1985, serving as Prime Minister of Sierra Leone, Prime Minister from 1967 to 1971 and as President from 1971 to 1985. Stevens' leadership was ofte ...
is sworn in as the first president of
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierra ...
.
*
April 24
** ''
Soyuz 10
Soyuz 10 (russian: 'Союз 10', ''Union 10'') was launched on 22 April 1971 as the world's first mission to the world's first space station, the Soviet Salyut 1. The docking was not successful and the crew, Vladimir Shatalov, Aleksei Yelise ...
'' fails to dock with ''
Salyut 1''.
** An estimated 200,000 people in Washington, D.C. and a further 125,000 in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...
march in protest against the
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
.
*
April 25
**
Todor Zhivkov
Todor Hristov Zhivkov ( bg, Тодор Христов Живков ; 7 September 1911 – 5 August 1998) was a Bulgarian communist statesman who served as the ''de facto'' leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB) from 1954 until 1989 ...
is reelected as the leader of the
Bulgarian Communist Party.
**
Franz Jonas
Franz Josef Jonas (4 October 1899 – 24 April 1974) was an Austrian politician who served as the President of Austria between 1965 and 1974.
He was a typesetting, typesetter by profession and a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria. ...
is reelected as president of
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
.
*
April 26 – The government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
declares a
state of siege in 11 provinces, including
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...
, in response to violent
demonstrations.
*
April 30
** The
Milwaukee Bucks
The Milwaukee Bucks are an American professional basketball team based in Milwaukee. The Bucks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division. The team was founded in 1968 ...
sweep the
Baltimore Bullets in four games to win their first
NBA
The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America. The league is composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada) and is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United St ...
championship.
May
*
May 1
**
Amtrak
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Trade name, doing business as Amtrak () , is the national Passenger train, passenger railroad company of the United States. It operates inter-city rail service in 46 of the 48 contiguous United Stat ...
begins intercity rail passenger service in the United States.
** The
Ceylon
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
ese government promises
amnesty for guerillas who surrender before
May 5.
*
May 2 – In
Ceylon
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
, left-wing guerillas launch a series of assaults against public buildings.
*
May 3
**
Arsenal F.C.
Arsenal Football Club, commonly referred to as Arsenal, is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England. Arsenal plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 league titles (inclu ...
wins the
English League First Division championship at the home of their bitter rivals
Tottenham Hotspur
Tottenham Hotspur Football Club, commonly referred to as Tottenham () or Spurs, is a professional association football, football club based in Tottenham, London, England. It competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English footba ...
, with
Ray Kennedy scoring the winner. (Arsenal will go on to win the league and cup 'double' six days later by defeating
Liverpool
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the 10th largest English district by population and its metropolitan area is the fifth largest in the United Kingdom, with a popul ...
in the
FA Cup
The Football Association Challenge Cup, more commonly known as the FA Cup, is an annual knockout football competition in men's domestic English football. First played during the 1871–72 season, it is the oldest national football competi ...
final).
** The Harris Poll finds that 60% of Americans are against the
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
.
** East German leader
Walter Ulbricht
Walter Ernst Paul Ulbricht (; 30 June 18931 August 1973) was a German communist politician. Ulbricht played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and later (after spending the years of Nazi rule in ...
resigns as
Socialist Unity Party leader but retains the position of head of state.
**
1971 May Day Protests: Anti-war militants attempt to disrupt government business in
Washington, D.C.
)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
; police and military units arrest as many as 12,000, most of whom are later released.
*
May 5 – The
U.S. dollar
The United States dollar ( symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the officia ...
floods the European
currency markets and especially threatens the
Deutsche Mark; the central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading.
**
FedEx
FedEx Corporation, formerly Federal Express Corporation and later FDX Corporation, is an American multinational conglomerate holding company focused on transportation, e-commerce and business services based in Memphis, Tennessee. The name "Fe ...
, the
logistics
Logistics is generally the detailed organization and implementation of a complex operation. In a general business sense, logistics manages the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption to meet the requirements of ...
and
delivery service, founded in
Little Rock, Arkansas
(The Little Rock, The "Little Rock")
, government_type = council-manager government, Council-manager
, leader_title = List of mayors of Little Rock, Arkansas, Mayor
, leader_name = Frank Scott Jr.
, leader_ ...
, United States.
*
May 6 – The government of
Ceylon
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
begins a major offensive against the
People's Liberation Front.
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
**
Arsenal FC beats
Liverpool F.C.
Liverpool Football Club is a professional football club based in Liverpool, England. The club competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. Founded in 1892, the club joined the Football League the following year and has p ...
2–1 to win the English
FA Cup
The Football Association Challenge Cup, more commonly known as the FA Cup, is an annual knockout football competition in men's domestic English football. First played during the 1871–72 season, it is the oldest national football competi ...
, thus completing the league and cup 'double'.
**
Mariner 8
Mariner-H (Mariner Mars '71), also commonly known as Mariner 8, was (along with Mariner 9) part of the Mariner Mars '71 project. It was intended to go into Mars orbit and return images and data, but a launch vehicle failure prevented Mariner 8 ...
fails to launch.
*
May 12 – An
earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...
in
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
destroys most of the city of
Burdur
Burdur is a city in southwestern Turkey. The seat of Burdur Province, it is located on the shore of Lake Burdur. Its estimated 2010 population is 78,389.
History
Ancient history
Whilst there is evidence of habitation in the province dating b ...
.
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
–
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
i ambassador to Turkey
Efraim Elrom
Ephraim (; he, ''ʾEp̄rayīm'', in Pausa, pausa: ''ʾEp̄rāyīm'') was, according to the Book of Genesis, the second son of Joseph (Genesis), Joseph ben Jacob and Asenath. Asenath was an Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egyptian woman whom Pharaoh g ...
is kidnapped; he is
found killed in
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
May 25.
*
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
*1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
* 1364 ...
– A coup attempt is exposed and foiled in
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
.
*
May 18
Events Pre-1600
* 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople.
* 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...
** The U.S. Congress formally votes to end funding for the
American Supersonic Transport program.
** The
Montreal Canadiens
The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...
win the
Stanley Cup
The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...
against the
Chicago Black Hawks
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
, image_map =
, map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago
, coordinates =
, coordinates_footnotes =
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name ...
. The Canadiens became only the second team in
NHL
The National Hockey League (NHL; french: Ligue nationale de hockey—LNH, ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America comprising 32 teams—25 in the United States and 7 in Canada. It is considered to be the top ranked professional ...
history to win the Cup in Game 7 on the road, and did so after the home team had won each of the previous six games in the series. This also marked
Jean Béliveau's last NHL game.
*
May 19 –
Mars probe program
The Mars program was a series of uncrewed spacecraft launched by the Soviet Union between 1960 and 1973. The spacecraft were intended to explore Mars, and included flyby probes, landers and orbiters.
Early Mars spacecraft were small, and launch ...
: ''
Mars 2'' is launched by the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
.
*
May 22
Events Pre-1600
* 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu.
* 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt.
* 11 ...
– An
earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...
lasting 20 seconds destroys most of
Bingöl,
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
; more than 1,000 are killed and 10,000 are made homeless.
*
May 23 –
Aviogenex Flight 130
Aviogenex Flight 130 was an international charter passenger flight from Gatwick Airport, London to Rijeka Airport, Yugoslavia (modern-day Croatia). On 23 May 1971, the Tupolev Tu-134A servicing the flight suffered structural failure during landi ...
crashes at
Rijeka Airport
Rijeka Airport ( hr, Zračna luka Rijeka, it, Aeroporto di Fiume; ) is the international airport serving Rijeka, Croatia. It is located near the town of Omišalj on the island of Krk, 17 km from the Rijeka railway station. Most of the traf ...
,
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
, killing 78 people, mostly British tourists.
*
May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire take ...
** Austria and the People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations.
**
Qantas
Qantas Airways Limited ( ) is the flag carrier of Australia and the country's largest airline by fleet size, international flights, and international destinations. It is the world's third-oldest airline still in operation, having been founded ...
agrees to pay $500,000 to bomb hoaxer/extortionist Mr. Brown (Peter Macari), who is later arrested.
*
May 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed.
* 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
* 1153 &ndash ...
** Six armed passengers hijack a
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
n passenger plane and force it to fly to
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
.
**
Christie's
Christie's is a British auction house founded in 1766 by James Christie (auctioneer), James Christie. Its main premises are on King Street, St James's in London, at Rockefeller Center in New York City and at Alexandra House in Hong Kong. It is ...
auctions a diamond known as
Deepdene; it is later found to be artificially colored.
*
May 28 – Portugal resigns from
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
.
*
May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
–
Mariner program: ''
Mariner 9
Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars '71 / Mariner-I) was a robotic spacecraft that contributed greatly to the exploration of Mars and was part of the NASA Mariner program. Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971 from LC-36B at Cape Canaveral Air ...
'' is launched toward
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury (planet), Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Mars (mythology), Roman god of war. Mars is a terr ...
.
*
May 31 – The birth of
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
is declared by the government in exile in territory formerly part of
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
.
June
* June –
passes its Chapter 766 laws enacting
special education
Special education (known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, or SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates th ...
.
*
June 1
Events Pre-1600
*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
*1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...
–
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
, speak against war protests.
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
**
Soyuz program: ''
Soyuz 11'' (
Vladislav Volkov,
Georgi Dobrovolski
Georgy Timofeyevich Dobrovolsky (russian: Гео́ргий Тимофе́евич Доброво́льский; 1 June 192829 June 1971) was a Soviet Union, Soviet astronaut, cosmonaut who commanded the three-man crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft. ...
,
Viktor Patsayev) is launched.
** A midair collision between
Hughes Airwest Flight 706
Hughes Airwest Flight 706 was a regularly scheduled flight operated by American domestic airline Hughes Airwest from Los Angeles, California to Seattle, Washington, with several intermediate stops. On Sunday, June 6, 1971, the McDonnell Douglas D ...
Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a U.S. Marine Corps
McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom
The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber originally developed by McDonnell Aircraft for the United States Navy.Swanborough and B ...
jet fighter near
Duarte, California claims 50 lives.
*
June 10
** The U.S. ends its
trade embargo
Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions are not necessarily imposed because of economic circumstances—they may ...
of China.
** Corpus Thursday: A student rally on the streets of Mexico City is roughly
dispersed.
**
Amtrak
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Trade name, doing business as Amtrak () , is the national Passenger train, passenger railroad company of the United States. It operates inter-city rail service in 46 of the 48 contiguous United Stat ...
had its first fatal accident when
11 people were killed and 163 injured in the derailment of the ''
City of New Orleans'' train near
Tonti, Illinois
Tonti is an unincorporated community in Tonti Township, Marion County, Illinois, Tonti Township, Marion County, Illinois, Marion County, Illinois, United States. The community of Tonti is now little more than a bend in the road and a sign, near whe ...
.
*
June 11 –
Neville Bonner becomes the first
Indigenous Australian
Indigenous Australians or Australian First Nations are people with familial heritage from, and membership in, the ethnic groups that lived in Australia before British colonisation. They consist of two distinct groups: the Aboriginal peoples ...
to sit in the
Australian Parliament.
*
June 13
**
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' begins to publish the ''
Pentagon Papers''.
** Racing drivers
Gijs van Lennep
Gijsbert van Lennep (born 16 March 1942, in Aerdenhout, North Holland) is a Dutch racing driver who competed in eight Formula One races. However his main achievements were in sports car racing. He is a member of the untitled Dutch nobility.
Ca ...
of the Netherlands and
Helmut Marko of Austria win the
24 Hours of Le Mans
The 24 Hours of Le Mans (french: link=no, 24 Heures du Mans) is an endurance-focused Sports car racing, sports car race held annually near the town of Le Mans, France. It is the world's oldest active Endurance racing (motorsport), endurance r ...
in the
Martini Racing Porsche 917
The Porsche 917 is a sports prototype race car developed by German manufacturer Porsche to exploit the regulations regarding the construction of 5-litre sports cars. Powered by a Type 912 flat-12 engine which was progressively enlarged from ...
K.
*
June 14 – Norway begins oil production in the
North Sea
The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. An epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian S ...
.
*
June 17
Events Pre-1600
* 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism.
* 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
** Representatives of Japan and the United States sign the
Okinawa Reversion Agreement
The was an agreement between the United States and Japan in which the United States relinquished in favor of Japan all rights and interests under Article III of the Treaty of San Francisco, which had been obtained as a result of the Pacific War, ...
, whereby the U.S. will return control of
Okinawa
is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi).
Naha is the capital and largest city ...
.
** President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
declares the U.S.
War on Drugs
The war on drugs is a Globalization, global campaign, led by the United States federal government, of prohibition of drugs, drug prohibition, military aid, and military intervention, with the aim of reducing the illegal drug trade in the Unite ...
.
*
June 18 –
Southwest Airlines
Southwest Airlines Co., typically referred to as Southwest, is one of the major airlines of the United States and the world's largest low-cost carrier. It is headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and has scheduled service to 121 destinations in the U ...
, a
low-cost carrier
A low-cost carrier or low-cost airline (occasionally referred to as '' no-frills'', ''budget'' or '' discount carrier'' or ''airline'', and abbreviated as ''LCC'') is an airline that is operated with an especially high emphasis on minimizing op ...
, begins its first flights between
Dallas
Dallas () is the List of municipalities in Texas, third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 ...
,
Houston
Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in ...
and
San Antonio
("Cradle of Freedom")
, image_map =
, mapsize = 220px
, map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = United States
, subdivision_type1= U.S. state, State
, subdivision_name1 = Texas
, s ...
.
*
June 20
Events Pre-1600
* 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory.
* 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Britain announces that Soviet space scientist
Anatoli Fedoseyev
Anatoli ( el, Ανατολή) is a town and a former municipality in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Ioannina
Ioannina ( el, Ιωάννινα ' ), often call ...
has been granted asylum.
*
June 21
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
* 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
– Britain begins new negotiations for
EEC
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisb ...
membership in Luxembourg.
*
June 25 –
Madagascar
Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...
accuses the U.S. of conspiring to oust the government; the U.S. recalls its ambassador.
*
June 27 – Concert promoter
Bill Graham closes the legendary
Fillmore East, which first opened on 2nd Avenue in New York City on March 8, 1968.
*
June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
– Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots
Joe Colombo
Joseph Anthony Colombo Sr. (; June 16, 1923 – May 22, 1978) was the boss of the Colombo crime family, one of the Five Families of the American Mafia in New York City.
Colombo was born in New York City, where his father was an early member ...
, boss of his eponymous crime family, in the head during an
Italian-American rally, putting him in a coma.
*
June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...
** After a successful mission aboard ''
Salyut 1'', the world's first human-occupied space station, the crew of the ''
Soyuz 11'' spacecraft die after their air supply leaks out through a faulty valve.
** ''
New York Times Co. v. United States'': The
U.S. Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
rules that the ''
Pentagon Papers'' may be published, rejecting government injunctions as unconstitutional
prior restraint.
** The musical fantasy film ''
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory'', based on the novel ''
Charlie & the Chocolate Factory'' and starring
Gene Wilder and
Jack Albertson, is released.
July
![World Trade Center Skyline at Night (29143322320)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/World_Trade_Center_Skyline_at_Night_%2829143322320%29.jpg)
* July –
Nordic Council
The Nordic Council is the official body for formal inter-parliamentary Nordic cooperation among the Nordic countries. Formed in 1952, it has 87 representatives from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden as well as from the autonomou ...
secretariat inaugurated.
*
July 3 –
Jim Morrison, lead singer of
The Doors
The Doors were an American Rock music, rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1965, with vocalist Jim Morrison, keyboardist Ray Manzarek, guitarist Robby Krieger, and drummer John Densmore. They were among the most controversial and influential ro ...
, dies of a
heart failure
Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a syndrome, a group of signs and symptoms caused by an impairment of the heart's blood pumping function. Symptoms typically include shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, a ...
due to a
heroin overdose at the age of
27 in the bathtub of his apartment on the 3rd floor of the
Rue Beautreillis
Rue Beautreillis is a street in The Marais, a historic area of the 4th arrondissement in central Paris, France.
Location and access
Rue Beautreillis, almost parallel to the Rue Saint-Paul and Rue du Petit-Musc, begins at Rue des Lions-Sain ...
17 in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
.
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
* 362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaim ...
**
Michael S. Hart
Michael Stern Hart (March 8, 1947 – September 6, 2011) was an American author, best known as the inventor of the e-book and the founder of Project Gutenberg (PG), the first project to make e-books freely available via the Internet. H ...
posts the first
e-book
An ebook (short for electronic book), also known as an e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Alt ...
, a copy of the
United States Declaration of Independence
The United States Declaration of Independence, formally The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen States of America, is the pronouncement and founding document adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at Pennsylvania State House ...
, on the
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Universit ...
's
mainframe computer
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterpris ...
, the origin of
Project Gutenberg
Project Gutenberg (PG) is a Virtual volunteering, volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks."
It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the ...
.
** The first plane lands at
Seychelles International Airport in
Victoria, Seychelles (
Mahe).
*
July 5 –
Right to vote
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to v ...
: The
26th Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Twenty-sixth Amendment (Amendment XXVI) to the United States Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from using age as a reason for denying the Voting rights in the United States, right to vote to citizens of the United ...
, formally certified by President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
, lowers the voting age from 21 to 18.
*
July 6 –
Hastings Banda is proclaimed
President for Life of
Malawi
Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast ...
.
*
July 9
Events Pre-1600
*118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome.
* 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
– The United Kingdom increases the number of its troops in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
to 11,000.
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
–
11 – Coup attempt in
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...
: 1,400 cadets take over the king's palace for three hours and kill 28 people; 158 rebels die when the king's troops storm the palace (ten high-ranking officers are later executed for involvement).
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
–
Gloria Steinem
Gloria Marie Steinem (; born March 25, 1934) is an American journalist and social-political activist who emerged as a nationally recognized leader of second-wave feminism
Second-wave feminism was a period of feminist activity that began in ...
makes her
Address to the Women of America
On July 10, 1971, at the founding of the National Women's Political Caucus, National Women's Political Caucus (NWPC) in Washington, D.C., NWPC co-founder Gloria Steinem delivered an Address to the Women of America. The speech furthered the ideas o ...
.
*
July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abd ...
–
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkis ...
mines in
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
are nationalized.
*
July 13
**
Ólafur Jóhannesson
Ólafur Jóhannesson (1 March 1913 – 20 May 1984) was the prime minister of Iceland for the Progressive Party on two occasions. He was a member of the Progressive Party, serving as party chairman during the 1970s.
Career
Ólafur was educat ...
forms a government in
Iceland
Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...
.
**
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
ian army troops launch an offensive against Palestinian guerillas in Jordan.
** The
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
n government begins allowing foreign companies to take their profits from the country.
**
Reggie Jackson
Reginald Martinez Jackson (born May 18, 1946) is an American former professional baseball right fielder who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City / Oakland Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, and Cali ...
's long
home run
In baseball, a home run (abbreviated HR) is scored when the ball is hit in such a way that the batter is able to circle the bases and reach home plate safely in one play without any errors being committed by the defensive team. A home run i ...
, which hits a transformer on the roof of
Tiger Stadium, helps the
American League
The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the American League (AL), is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league ...
defeat the
National League
The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the National League (NL), is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, and the world's oldest extant professional team s ...
6–4 in the
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
All-Star Game in
Detroit
Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at th ...
.
*
July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
* 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
* 1420 ...
–
Libya
Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...
severs its diplomatic ties with
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...
.
*
July 15 – American President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
announces his
1972 visit to China.
*
July 17 – Italy and Austria sign a treaty that ends the dispute (''Südtirolfrage'') regarding
South Tyrol
it, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige lld, Provinzia Autonoma de Balsan/Bulsan – Südtirol
, settlement_type = Autonomous province
, image_skyline =
, image_alt ...
.
*
July 18
Events Pre-1600
* 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
* 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...
– The
Trucial States
The Trucial States ( '), also known as the Trucial Coast ( '), the Trucial Sheikhdoms ( '), Trucial Arabia or Trucial Oman, was the name the British government gave to a group of tribal confederations in southeastern Arabia whose leaders had s ...
are formed in the
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Persis, Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a Mediterranean sea (oceanography), me ...
.
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...
– The South Tower of the
World Trade Center
World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association.
World Trade Center may refer to:
Buildings
* List of World Trade Centers
* World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...
in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
tops out at , making it the second-tallest building in the world.
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...
–
23 – Major
Hashem al-Atta ousts Jaafar Muhammad al-Nimeiri in a military coup in
Sudan
Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
. Fighting continues until
July 22
Events Pre-1600
* 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
*1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of J ...
, when pro-Nimeiri troops regain power. Al-Atta and three officers are executed.
*
July 22
Events Pre-1600
* 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
*1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of J ...
** A
BOAC
British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) was the British state-owned airline created in 1939 by the merger of Imperial Airways and British Airways Ltd. It continued operating overseas services throughout World War II. After the passi ...
flight from London to Khartoum is ordered to land at
Benghazi, Libya
Benghazi () , ; it, Bengasi; tr, Bingazi; ber, Bernîk, script=Latn; also: ''Bengasi'', ''Benghasi'', ''Banghāzī'', ''Binghāzī'', ''Bengazi''; grc, Βερενίκη (''Berenice'') and ''Hesperides''., group=note (''lit. Son of he Ghazi ...
, where two leaders of the unsuccessful Sudanese coup, travelling as passengers, are forced to leave the plane and are subsequently executed.
** A
partial solar eclipse is visible from Asia and North America, and is the 70th and final solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 116
Saros cycle series 116 for solar eclipses occurs at the Moon's descending node, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, containing 70 events. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon's descending node.
This solar saros is linked to Lunar Saros 1 ...
.
*
July 24 –
Georgina Rizk
Georgina Rizk ( ar, جورجينا رزق, Jūrjīnā Rizq, born 23 July 1953) is a Lebanese model, socialite, and beauty queen. She represented Lebanon at the Miss Universe pageant and won, making her the first Lebanese and Middle Eastern/West ...
of
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...
is crowned
Miss Universe 1971
Miss Universe 1971 was the 20th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Miami Beach Auditorium in Miami Beach, Florida, United States on 24 July 1971.
At the end of the event, Marisol Malaret of Puerto Rico crowned Georgina Rizk of Lebanon as Miss ...
.
*
July 25
Events Pre-1600
* 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
* 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
–
30 –
Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli records two
Debussy
(Achille) Claude Debussy (; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the ...
works in
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...
for
Deutsche Grammophon, his fifth recording.
*
July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...
– Apollo 15 (carrying astronauts David Scott, Alfred Worden and James Irwin) is launched.
* July 28 – Abdel Khaliq Mahjub,
Sudan
Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
ese communist leader, is hanged.
* July 29 – The United Kingdom opts out of the Space Race with the cancellation of its Black Arrow launch vehicle.
* July 30 – In Japan, All Nippon Airways Flight 58, an All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 collides with a Japanese fighter jet; 162 people are killed.
* July 31 – Apollo 15 astronauts David Scott and James Irwin become the first to ride in the Lunar Roving Vehicle, a day after landing on the Moon.
August
* August – Camden, New Jersey erupts in race riots, with looting and arson, following the beating death of a Puerto Rican people, Puerto Rican motorist by city police. Also in 1971, Philadelphia International Records is established, with Camden native Leon Huff as co-founder.
* August 1 – In New York City, 40,000 attend The Concert for Bangladesh.
* August 2 – J. C. Penney debuts its trademark Helvetica wordmark which has been used ever since.
* August 5 – The South Pacific Forum (SPF) is established.
* August 6 – A August 1971 lunar eclipse, total lunar eclipse lasting 1 hour, 40 minutes, and 4 seconds is observed, visible from South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia, and is the 38th lunar eclipse of Lunar Saros 128.
* August 7 – Apollo 15 returns to Earth.
* August 9
** India signs a 20-year treaty of friendship and cooperation with the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
.
** Internment in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
: British security forces arrest hundreds of Irish nationalism, nationalists and detain them without trial in Maze (HM Prison), Long Kesh prison; 20 people die in the riots that follow.
* August 10 – ''Mr. Tickle'', the first book in the ''Mr. Men'' series is first published.
* August 11 – Construction begins on the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans.
* August 12 –
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
severs diplomatic relations with
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
because of border clashes.
* August 14
** British troops are stationed on the Ireland border to stop arms smuggling.
** Bahrain declares independence as the State of Bahrain ( officially the Kingdom of Bahrain).
* August 15
** Jackie Stewart becomes Formula One World Drivers' Champion in the Tyrrell Racing, Tyrrell Tyrrell 003, 003-Cosworth.
** The number of British troops in Northern Ireland is raised to 12,500.
** President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
announces that the United States will no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system. He also imposes a 90-day freeze on wages, prices and rents.
* August 16 –
Hastings Banda, President of
Malawi
Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast ...
, becomes the first black president to visit South Africa.
* August 18
**
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam.
** British troops are engaged in a firefight with the Irish Republican Army, IRA in Derry,
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
.
* August 19–August 22, 22 – A right-wing coup ignites a rebellion in Bolivia. Miners and students join troops to support president Juan José Torres, but eventually Hugo Banzer takes over.
* August 20
** International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (Intelsat) (effective February 12, 1973).
** The USS Manatee (AO-58), USS ''Manatee'' spills of fuel oil on Richard Nixon, President Nixon's Western White House beach in San Clemente, California.
** A Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, partial solar eclipse is visible from Southern Ocean, and is the 4th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 154.
* August 21 – A bomb made of two hand grenades by communist rebels explodes in the Liberal Party (Philippines), Liberal Party campaign party in Plaza Miranda bombing, Plaza Miranda in Quiapo, Manila the Philippines, injuring several anti-Ferdinand Marcos, Marcos political candidates.
* August 25
** Border clashes occur between Tanzania and
Uganda
}), is a landlocked country in East Africa
East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...
.
**
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
and eastern Bengal are flooded; thousands flee the area.
* August 26 – A civilian government takes power in Greece.
* August 30 – The Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta, Progressive Conservatives under Peter Lougheed defeat the Social Credit Party of Alberta, Social Credit government under Harry Strom, Harry E. Strom in a general election, ending 36 years of uninterrupted power for Social Credit in Alberta.
September
* September – Operation Sourisak Montry VIII opens when forces of the Royal Thai Army recapture several positions in the territory of
Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
on the south bank of the Mekong in response to an encroaching Chinese presence to the north.
* September 2
** The United Arab Republic is renamed to the Arab Republic of Egypt
* September 3
** Qatar gains independence from the United Kingdom. Unlike most nearby emirates, Qatar declines to become part of either the United Arab Emirates or Saudi Arabia.
** Manlio Brosio resigns as NATO Secretary General.
* September 4 – A Boeing 727 (Alaska Airlines Flight 1866) crashes into the side of a mountain near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board.
** The Free State of Christiania is founded.
* September 8 – In Washington, D.C., the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's ''Mass (Bernstein), Mass''.
* September 9 – English musician John Lennon releases his second studio album Imagine (John Lennon album), Imagine.
* September 9–September 13, 13 – Attica Prison riot: A revolt breaks out at the maximum-security prison in Attica (town), New York, Attica, New York. In the end, state police and the United States National Guard storm the facility; 42 are killed, 10 of them hostages.
*
* September 17 – Hugo L. Black retires as an Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
after serving for 34 years, at this time a record for longevity; Black dies eight days later.
* September 19 – Trams in Ballarat (Victoria, Australia) cease to run.
* September 21 –
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
declares a state of emergency.
* September 24 – Britain expels 90 KGB and GRU officials; 15 are not allowed to return.
* September 27–October 11 – Japanese Emperor Hirohito travels abroad.
* September 28 – Cardinal (Catholic Church), Cardinal József Mindszenty, who has taken refuge in the U.S. Embassy in Budapest since 1956, is allowed to leave Hungary.
* September 29 – A cyclone in the Bay of Bengal, in the Indian state of Odisha, kills 10,000.
October
* October 1 – Walt Disney World opens in Orlando, Florida.
* October 4–October 7, 7 – Pink Floyd record their groundbreaking film, ''Pink Floyd: Live at Pompeii'' at the Amphitheatre of Pompeii.
* October 13 – The Pittsburgh Pirates defeat the Baltimore Orioles 4–3 in Game 4 of the 1971 World Series, World Series Three Rivers Stadium, at home in the first ever
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
postseason game played at night. The Pirates defeat the Orioles 2–1 in the decisive Game 7 at Baltimore four days later.
* October 14 – Greenpeace is founded in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
* October 17 – The Pittsburgh Pirates defeat the Baltimore Orioles to win the 1971 World Series.
* October 18 – In New York City, the Knapp Commission begins public hearings on police corruption.
* October 21
** U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
nominates Lewis Franklin Powell Jr. and William H. Rehnquist to the
U.S. Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
.
** The Clarkston explosion in Scotland, caused by a gas leak, kills 22 people.
* October 24 – Texas Stadium opens in Irving, Texas. In the inaugural game, the host Dallas Cowboys defeat the New England Patriots 44–21.
* October 25 – The United Nations General Assembly admits the People's Republic of China and expels the Republic of China (or Taiwan).
* October 27 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
* October 28
** The House of Commons of the United Kingdom votes 356–244 in favour of joining the European Economic Community.
** The United Kingdom becomes the sixth nation successfully to launch a satellite into orbit using its own launch vehicle, the Prospero (satellite), Prospero (X-3) experimental communications satellite, using a Black Arrow carrier rocket from Woomera, South Australia.
** The Khedivial Opera House in Cairo, Egypt, burns down.
* October 29 –
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
– Vietnamization: The total number of American troops still in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (the lowest since January 1966).
* October 30 – Rev. Ian Paisley founds the Democratic Unionist Party in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
.
* October 31
** A bomb explodes at the top of the BT Tower, Post Office Tower in London.
** ''Meddle'', the critically acclaimed album by progressive rock band Pink Floyd, is released.
November
*Erin Pizzey establishes the world's first domestic violence shelter in Chiswick, London.
* November 3 – The ''Unix, UNIX Programmer's Manual'' is published.
* November 6 – Operation Grommet: The U.S. tests a thermonuclear warhead at Amchitka Island in Alaska, code-named Project Cannikin. At around 5 megatons, it is the largest ever U.S. underground nuclear testing, underground detonation.
* November 8 –
Led Zeppelin
Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968. The group comprised vocalist Robert Plant, guitarist Jimmy Page, bassist/keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. With a heavy, guitar-driven sound, they are ci ...
release their fourth studio album ''Led Zeppelin IV'', which goes on to sell 23,000,000 copies in the United States.
* November 9 – A Royal Air Force C-130 1971 RAF Hercules crash, crashes into the Ligurian Sea near Leghorn, Italy, killing all 51 people on board.
* November 10 – In
Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...
, Khmer Rouge forces attack Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging 9 airplanes.
* November 11 – The english Rock music, rock band Pink Floyd releases its sixth studio album, Meddle.
* November 12 – Vietnam War – Vietnamization: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972, as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
* November 13 –
Mariner program: ''
Mariner 9
Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars '71 / Mariner-I) was a robotic spacecraft that contributed greatly to the exploration of Mars and was part of the NASA Mariner program. Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971 from LC-36B at Cape Canaveral Air ...
'' becomes the first spacecraft to enter
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury (planet), Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Mars (mythology), Roman god of war. Mars is a terr ...
orbit successfully.
* November 14 – Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria is enthroned.
* November 15
** Intel releases the world's first microprocessor, the Intel 4004.
** International Organization and System of Space Communications (Intersputnik) is founded (effective July 12, 1972).
* November 18 – Oman gains independence from the United Kingdom.
* November 20 – A bridge still under construction, called Elevado Engenheiro Freyssinet, falls over the Paulo de Frontin Avenue, in Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
; 48 people are killed and several injured. Reconstructed, the bridge is a part of the Linha Vermelha elevate.
* November 22 – In Britain's worst mountaineering tragedy, the Cairngorm Plateau disaster, five children and one of their leaders are found dead from Hypothermia, exposure in the Scottish mountains.
* November 23 – The People's Republic of China takes the Republic of China's seat on the United Nations Security Council (see China and the United Nations).
* November 24
** During a severe storm over
Washington
Washington commonly refers to:
* Washington (state), United States
* Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States
** A metonym for the federal government of the United States
** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered on ...
State, a man calling himself D. B. Cooper parachutes from the Northwest Orient Airlines plane he had hijacked, with US$200,000 in ransom money, and is never seen again (as of November 2022, this case remains the only unsolved skyjacking in history).
** A Brussels court sentences pretender Alexis Brimeyer to 18 months in jail for falsely using a noble title; Brimeyer has already fled to Greece.
* November 28 – The 59th Grey Cup, 59th Grey Cup Game sees the Calgary Stampeders beat the Toronto Argonauts 14–11.
* November 30 – Iranian forces occupy the
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Persis, Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a Mediterranean sea (oceanography), me ...
islands of Abu Musa (joint occupation by agreement with Sharjah) and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs (taken by force from Ras Al Khaimah).
December
* December 1 – Cambodian Civil War: Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on
Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...
n government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray, 10 kilometers northeast of Phnom Penh.
* December 2
**Six of the seven
Trucial States
The Trucial States ( '), also known as the Trucial Coast ( '), the Trucial Sheikhdoms ( '), Trucial Arabia or Trucial Oman, was the name the British government gave to a group of tribal confederations in southeastern Arabia whose leaders had s ...
combine in an act of union to found the United Arab Emirates.
**The Soviet Union, Soviet Mars 3, Mars 3 lander reaches the surface of
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury (planet), Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Mars (mythology), Roman god of war. Mars is a terr ...
, transmits for a few seconds and then goes silent. It is the first spacecraft to reach the planet.
* December 3 – The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 begins with Operation Chengiz Khan as Pakistan launches preemptive attacks on nine Indian airbases. The next day India launches a massive invasion of East Pakistan.
* December 3–December 4, 4 – The
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
i submarine PNS Ghazi, PNS ''Ghazi'' (former ) sinks mysteriously near the Indian coast while laying mines.
* December 4
** The Montreux Casino burns down during a Frank Zappa concert (the event is memorialized in the Deep Purple song "Smoke on the Water"). The casino is rebuilt in 1975.
** The McGurk's Bar bombing by the Ulster Volunteer Force in
Belfast
Belfast ( , ; from ga, Béal Feirste , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdo ...
kills 15.
*December 7 – Battle of Sylhet rages between the Pakistan Armed Forces, Pakistani military and the Mukti Bahini.
[Battle Of Sylhet. Defence India]
* December 8 – U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
orders the 7th Fleet to move towards the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean.
* December 10 – The John Sinclair Freedom Rally in support of the imprisoned activist features a performance by John Lennon at Crisler Arena, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
* December 11 –
Nihat Erim forms the new government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(34th government; Nihat Erim has served two times as prime minister).
* December 16 – ''Victory Day of Bangladesh'': The Pakistan, Pakistan Army in
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...
(now
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
) surrenders to the joint forces of India and the Bengali nationalist separatists, ending the Bangladesh Liberation War.
* December 18
** The U.S. dollar is devalued for the second time in history.
** The world's largest hydroelectric plant in Krasnoyarsk,
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, begins operations.
* December 19
** Clube Atlético Mineiro wins the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Brazil Football Championship.
** Intelsat IV F-3, Intelsat IV (F3) is launched; it enters commercial service over the Atlantic Ocean February 18, 1972.
** The controversial dystopian crime film ''A Clockwork Orange (film), A Clockwork Orange'', directed by Stanley Kubrick is released in New York City.
* December 20 – Two groups of French doctors involved in humanitarian aid merge to form Médecins Sans Frontières.
* December 24
** Giovanni Leone is elected President of the Italian Republic.
** Juliane Koepcke survives a fall of 10,000 feet following disintegration of LANSA Flight 508.
* December 25
** In the longest American football game in National Football League history, the Miami Dolphins beat the Kansas City Chiefs 27-24 after 82 minutes, 40 seconds of playing time. Garo Yepremian kicked the winning 37-yard field goal after 7:40 of the second overtime period.
** Daeyeonggak Hotel fire: A fire at a 22-story hotel in Seoul, South Korea, kills 158 people.
*December 26
**Former teacher Patrick Critton hijacks Air Canada Flight 932, diverting the flight from Canada to Cuba. He would remain a fugitive for almost 30 years.
** The first reported sighting of the Nullarbor Nymph in Australia was made. The story traveled around the world until it was proven to be a hoax in 1972.
* December 29 – The United Kingdom gives up its military bases in Malta.
* December 30 – The first McDonald's in Australia opens in Yagoona, New South Wales, Yagoona, Sydney.
Date unknown
* Ray Tomlinson sends the first ARPANET e-mail between host computers, in late 1971
* Crude oil production peaks in the continental United States at approximately .
* The Center for Science in the Public Interest is established in the United States.
* Bulant (automobile), Bulanti motorcar built in Australia.
Births
January
![Mary J](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Mary_J._Blige_April_2020.png)
* January 1 – Sammie Henson, American wrestler, Olympic silver medalist
*
January 2
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor.
* 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...
** Taye Diggs, American actor
** Renée Elise Goldsberry, American actress, singer and songwriter
* January 3 – Shireen Abu Akleh, Palestinian/American journalist (d. 2022)
* January 7
** DJ Ötzi, Austrian entertainer and singer
** Jeremy Renner, American actor, singer and producer
* January 11 – Mary J. Blige, American singer
*
January 12
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.
*1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...
** Arman Alizad, Iranian-born Finnish tailor and television presenter
** Peter Madsen, Danish entrepreneur, engineer, and convicted murderer
*
January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
*1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
*1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Lasse Kjus, Norwegian alpine skier
*
January 15
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months.
* 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
– Regina King, American actress
* January 17 – Kid Rock, American rock singer
*
January 18
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail.
* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...
** Pep Guardiola, Spanish football player and manager of Manchester City F.C.
** Binyavanga Wainaina, Kenyan writer (d. 2019)
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
– Shawn Wayans, American actor
* January 20 – Gary Barlow, British singer-songwriter
* January 26 – Li Ming (footballer, born 1971), Li Ming, Chinese footballer and football executive
* January 27 – Sudantha Dias, cricketer
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
– Patricia Velásquez, Venezuelan actress and model
February
![Sean Astin by Gage Skidmore](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Sean_Astin_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg)
* February 1
** Michael C. Hall, American actor
** Zlatko Zahovič, Slovenian footballer
* February 3 – Sarah Kane, English playwright (d. 1999)
*
February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
** Fatmir Limaj, Albanian politician
** Rob Corddry, American actor and comedian
*
February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
– Sara Evans, American country music singer
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
*1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
– Andrus Veerpalu, Estonian cross-country skier
*
February 10
Events Pre-1600
* 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end.
* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...
** Lorena Rojas, Mexican actress (d. 2015)
** Lisa Marie Varon, American professional wrestler
*
February 11
Events Pre-1600
*660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
* 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
** Damian Lewis, English actor and producer
** Susi Susanti, Indonesian badminton player
*
February 13
Events Pre-1600
* 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
*1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
*1462 – The ...
– Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
** Kris Aquino, Filipina actress
** Tommy Dreamer, American professional wrestler
** Viscera (wrestler), Viscera, American professional wrestler (d. 2014)
** Noriko Sakai, Japanese singer and actress
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
** Alex Borstein, American actress, voice artist, producer and screenwriter
** Renee O'Connor, American actress
*
February 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.
* 1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...
** Jack Rose (guitarist), Jack Rose, American guitarist (d. 2009)
** Amanda Holden, British actress
* February 17 – Denise Richards, American actress
* February 18 – Thomas Bjørn, Danish golfer
** Hiep Thi Le, Vietnamese-American actress and restaurateur (d. 2017)
* February 19
** Gil Shaham, Israeli/American violinist
** Jeff Kinney, American author
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
** Calpernia Addams, American actress
** Jari Litmanen, Finnish footballer
** Joost van der Westhuizen, South African rugby football player (d. 2017)
* February 22 – Lea Salonga, Filipino singer and actress
* February 24
** Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish Formula One driver
** Gillian Flynn, American author, comic book writer, and screenwriter
*
February 25
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor.
* 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II.
...
** Sean Astin, American actor, voice actor, director, and producer
** Nova Peris, Australian athlete and politician
** Daniel Powter, Canadian rock musician
*
February 26
Events Pre-1600
*747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events.
* 364 – Valentinian I is p ...
** Erykah Badu, American singer-songwriter and record producer
** Max Martin, Swedish music producer and songwriter
*
February 27
Events Pre-1600
* 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity.
* 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– Rozonda Thomas, African-American singer
March
![Jon Hamm at PaleyFest 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Jon_Hamm_at_PaleyFest_2014.jpg)
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor ...
** Allen Johnson, American Olympic athlete
** Ma Dong-seok, Korean American actor
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
** Method Man, American rapper, record producer, and actor
** Karel Rada, Czech footballer
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
– Jovan Stanković, Serbian footballer
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
– Yuri Lowenthal, American actor, producer and screenwriter
*
March 6 – Val Venis, Canadian professional wrestler
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
** Tal Banin, Israeli footballer and manager
** Peter Sarsgaard, American actor
* March 9 – Diego Torres (singer), Diego Torres, Argentine singer
*
March 10 – Jon Hamm, American actor, director and producer
*
March 11 – Johnny Knoxville, American actor, comedian, and stunt performer
*
March 16 – Alan Tudyk, American actor
* March 22
** Iben Hjejle, Danish actress
[
** Keegan-Michael Key, American actor, writer, and comedian
* March 26 - Jay Sean, English singer, songwriter, record producer and arranger
* March 27
** David Coulthard, Scottish racing driver
** Nathan Fillion, Canadian actor
* March 29 – Villem Lüüs, Estonian draughts player and World Draughts Federation master (d. 2020)
* March 31
** Pavel Bure, Russian ice hockey player
** Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor
]
April
* April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
– Jessica Collins, American actress
* April 2
** Francisco Arce, Paraguayan footballer
** Todd Woodbridge, Australian tennis player
* April 3 – Picabo Street, American skier
* April 7 – Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (d. 2008)
* April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
– Kim Byung-ji, South Korean goalkeeper
* April 9 – Jacques Villeneuve, Canadian 1997 Formula 1 world champion
* April 11 – Oliver Riedel, German musician (Rammstein)
* April 12
** Shannen Doherty, American actress
** Eyal Golan, Israeli singer
* April 14 – Miguel Calero, Colombian footballer (d. 2012)
* April 16
** Moses Chan, Hong Kong actor
** Selena, American singer (d. 1995)
* April 17
Events Pre-1600
*1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
*1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...
– José Francisco Cevallos, Ecuadorian footballer
* April 18 – David Tennant, Scottish actor
* April 20 – Carla Geurts, Dutch swimmer
* April 23 – D.B. Weiss, American television producer and writer, and novelist
* April 24 – Alejandro Fernández, Mexican singer
* April 28
** Markus Beyer, German Olympic boxer (d. 2018)
** Bridget Moynahan, American actress
* April 29
** Leonid Kudayev, former Russian professional football player
** Darby Stanchfield, American actress
* April 30 – John Boyne, Irish novelist
May
* May 1 – Ajith Kumar, Indian film actor
* May 10 – Kim Jong-nam, eldest son of North Korean leader Kim Jong-il (d. 2017)
* May 14 – Sofia Coppola, American filmmaker
* May 17 – Queen Máxima of the Netherlands
* May 20 – Tony Stewart, American stock car racing driver and team owner
* May 21 – Aditya Chopra, Indian film director, producer and distributor
* May 23 – George Osborne, British politician
* May 25 – Kristina Orbakaitė, Lithuanian-Russian singer and actress
* May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire take ...
– Matt Stone, American actor, animator, writer, producer, and composer
* May 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed.
* 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
* 1153 &ndash ...
** Paul Bettany, British actor
** Lisa Lopes, African-American rapper (TLC (band), TLC) (d. 2002)
* May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
** Idina Menzel, American singer, songwriter and actress
** John Ross Bowie, American actor and comedian
June
* June 1
Events Pre-1600
*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
*1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...
** Mario Cimarro, Cuban actor and singer
** Georgie Gardner, Australian journalist
** Fadli Zon, Indonesian politician and former deputy speaker of the Indonesian People's Representative Council
* June 3 – Luigi Di Biagio, Italian footballer
* June 4
** Joseph Kabila, 4th List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
** Noah Wyle, American actor
* June 5
** Susan Lynch, Northern Irish actress
** Mark Wahlberg, American actor, producer, businessman, model and rapper known as ''Marky Mark''
* June 8 – Jeff Douglas, Canadian actor
* June 10
** Bobby Jindal, American politician
** Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría, Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
* June 11 – RSN Rayer, Malaysian politician
* June 12 – Mark Henry, American professional wrestler, Olympian
* June 15 – Isménia do Frederico, Cape Verdean sprinter
* June 16
** Eva Püssa, Estonian actress
** Tupac Shakur, African-American rapper and actor (d. 1996)
* June 17
Events Pre-1600
* 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism.
* 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
– Paulina Rubio, Mexican singer
* June 20
Events Pre-1600
* 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory.
* 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Josh Lucas, American actor
* June 21
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
* 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
– Anette Olzon, Swedish singer (Nightwish, Alyson Avenue)
* June 22 – Kurt Warner, American football player
* June 24
** Thomas Helveg, Danish footballer
** Ji Jin-hee, South Korean actor
* June 25
** Angela Kinsey, American actress
** Neil Lennon, Northern Irish footballer and manager
* June 26 – Max Biaggi, Italian motorcycle racer
* June 27 – King Dipendra of Nepal (d. 2001)
* June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
** Fabien Barthez, French football player
** Kenny Cunningham, Irish football player
** Elon Musk, South African-born, American entrepreneur and investor
** Neil Tamoria, A Filipinos, Filipino gossiper
** Aileen Quinn, American actress
* June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...
** Monica Potter, American actress
** Agvaansamdangiin Sükhbat, Mongolian wrestler
July
* July 1
** Julianne Nicholson, American actress
** Amira Casar, French actress
** Missy Elliott, African-American rapper and singer-songwriter
* July 3
** Julian Assange, Australian activist
** Benedict Wong, English actor
* July 7 – Christian Camargo, American actor, producer, writer and director
* July 8
** Marc Andreessen, American software developer
** Marcel Blaguet Ledjou, Ivorian Chairman of the Africa Scout Committee
** Scott Grimes, American actor
** John Juanda, Indonesian-American professional poker player
* July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abd ...
** Brett Hauer, American ice hockey player
** Park Hyuk-kwon, South Korean actor
* July 12 – Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
* July 13 – MF Doom, British rapper (d. 2020)
* July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
* 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
* 1420 ...
** Howard Webb, English football referee
* July 16 – Corey Feldman, American actor
* July 17
** Cory Doctorow, Canadian author and activist
** Benjamin Herrmann, German film producer and distributor
* July 18
Events Pre-1600
* 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
* 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...
** Penny Hardaway, American basketball player
** Sukhwinder Singh, Indian playback singer
* July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...
– Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician
* July 20 – Sandra Oh, Korean actress
* July 21 – Charlotte Gainsbourg, French actress and singer-songwriter
* July 23
** Ahmed Ezz (actor), Ahmed Ezz, Egyptian actor
** Alison Krauss, American country singer
*July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...
– Khaled Mahmud, Bangladeshi cricketer
* July 28 – Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Iraqi Islamic extremist leader (d. 2019)
* July 30 – Mzukisi Sikali, South African triple world champion boxer (d. 2005)
August
* August 1 – Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican politician (d. 2008)
* August 4 – Jeff Gordon, American race car driver
* August 5 – Valdis Dombrovskis, Latvian Prime Minister and European Commissioner
* August 6 – Yo-Yo (rapper), Yo-Yo, African-American rapper
* August 9 – James Kim, American television personality and technology analyst (d. 2006)
* August 10
** Fábio Assunção, Brazilian actor
** Roy Keane, Irish footballer and manager
** Mario César Kindelán Mesa, Cuban amateur boxer
** Justin Theroux, American actor
* August 12
** Yvette Nicole Brown, African-American actress and comedian
** Michael Ian Black, American actor and comedian
** Pete Sampras, American tennis player
* August 13
** Moritz Bleibtreu, German actor
** Heike Makatsch, German actress
* August 14 – Peter Franzén, Finnish actor
* August 17
** Anthony Kearns, Irish tenor
** Jorge Posada, Puerto Rican baseball player
* August 18 – Aphex Twin, Irish-born British electronic musician
* August 20
** Jonathan Ke Quan, Vietnamese actor
** David Walliams, British actor, author and comedian
* August 21 – Robert Harvey (footballer), Robert Harvey, Australian rules footballer
* August 22
** Richard Armitage (actor), Richard Armitage, English actor
** Benoît Violier, French-born chef (d. 2016)
* August 25 – Ayumi Miyazaki, Japanese singer
* August 26 – Thalía, Mexican actress and singer
* August 27 – Julian Cheung, Hong Kong actor and singer
* August 28 – Janet Evans, American swimmer
* August 29 – Carla Gugino, American actress
* August 31
** Pádraig Harrington, Irish golfer
** Chris Tucker, African-American actor and comedian
** Alicia Villarreal, Mexican singer and songwriter
September
* September 1
** Hakan Şükür, Turkish footballer
** Dave Wittenberg, South African-born American voice actor
* September 2 – Kjetil André Aamodt, Norwegian alpine skier
* September 4 – Anita Yuen, Hong Kong actress
* September 5 – Kevin McAleenan, American government official, former United States Secretary of Homeland Security
* September 6 – Dolores O'Riordan, Irish singer (The Cranberries) (d. 2018)
* September 7 – Shane Mosley, African-American professional boxer
* September 8
** David Arquette, American actor, professional wrestler, film director, producer, screenwriter and fashion designer
** Martin Freeman, English actor
* September 9 – Henry Thomas, American actor
* September 11 – Alessandra Rosaldo, Mexican actress, singer and dancer
* September 13 – Stella McCartney, British fashion designer, daughter of Paul McCartney
* September 14 – Andre Matos, André Matos, Brazilian singer (d. 2019)
* September 15 – Josh Charles, American actor
* September 16 – Amy Poehler, American actress
* September 17 – Jens Voigt, German cyclist
* September 18
** Lance Armstrong, American cyclist
** Anna Netrebko, Russian operatic soprano
** Jada Pinkett Smith, African-American actress, singer, and songwriter
* September 19 – Sanaa Lathan, African-American actress
* September 20 – Henrik Larsson, Swedish footballer and manager
* September 21
** Alfonso Ribeiro, American actor, television director, dancer, and host of America's Funniest Home Videos
** Luke Wilson, American actor
* September 23 – Lee Mi-yeon, South Korean actress
* September 24 – Michael S. Engel, American paleontologist and entomologist
* September 27 – Horacio Sandoval, Mexican artist
* September 29 – Sibel Tüzün, Turkish pop/rock/jazz singer
* September 30
** Jenna Elfman, American actress
** Jeff Whitty, American playwright
October
* October 2
** Xavier Naidoo, German singer
** Tiffany Darwish, Tiffany, American singer
** Jim Root, American guitarist (Slipknot (band), Slipknot, ex-Stone Sour)
* October 3 – Kevin Richardson (musician), Kevin Richardson, American pop singer
* October 4 – Ridwan Kamil, Indonesian architect, politician and current governor of West Java
* October 6 – Emily Mortimer, English actress and screenwriter
* October 7
** Yelena Shevchenko, Soviet gymnast
** Melinda Schneider, Australian singer and songwriter
* October 8 – Mayrín Villanueva, Mexican actress and model
* October 10 – Evgeny Kissin, Russian pianist
* October 11 – Aman Verma (actor), Aman Verma, Indian television anchor and actor
* October 12 – Đàm Vĩnh Hưng, Vietnamese singer
* October 13
** Sacha Baron Cohen, English comedian and actor
** Pyrros Dimas, Greek weightlifter
* October 14 – Jorge Costa (footballer), Jorge Costa, Portuguese footballer
* October 17 – Andy Whitfield, Welsh actor and model (d. 2011)
* October 18 – Yoo Sang-chul, South Korean footballer and manager (d. 2021)
* October 20
** Snoop Dogg, African-American rapper, singer, songwriter, producer, media personality, entrepreneur, and actor
** Dannii Minogue, Australian singer
* October 22 – Jennifer Lee (filmmaker), American screenwriter, director, Chief Creative Officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios
* October 23 – Bohuslav Sobotka, 11th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
* October 24
** Caprice Bourret, American model and actress
** Gustavo Jorge, Argentina rugby union player
** Diane Guthrie-Gresham, Jamaican track and field athletes
* October 25
** Athena Chu, Hong Kong actress and singer
** Midori (violinist), Midori Gotō, Japanese violinist
** Pedro Martínez, Dominican baseball player
** Craig Robinson (actor), Craig Robinson, African-American actor, comedian and singer
* October 26 – Anthony Rapp, American actor and singer
* October 29
** Chiara Badano, Italian Roman Catholic religious teenager and blessed (d. 1990)
** Matthew Hayden, Australian cricketer
** Ma Huateng, Chinese business magnate, founder of TenCent
** Winona Ryder, American actress
November
* November 3 – Unai Emery, Spanish football manager of Villarreal CF
* November 4 – Tabu (actress), Tabu, Indian actress
* November 5 – Jonny Greenwood, English musician and composer
* November 6 – Laura Flessel-Colovic, French fencer and politician
* November 7 – Rituparna Sengupta, Indian actress
* November 8 – Tech N9ne, American rapper
* November 10
** Big Pun, American/Latin rapper (d. 2000)
** Fahri Hamzah, Indonesian politician
** Niki Karimi, Iranian actress and movie director
** Mario Abdo Benítez, President of Paraguay
* November 12
** Yasuo Aiuchi, Japanese snowboarder
** Chen Guangcheng, Chinese civil rights activist
* November 14 – Adam Gilchrist, Australian cricketer
*November 15 – Delsa Solórzano, Venezuelan lawyer and politician
* November 16
** Justine Clarke, Australian actress
** Alexander Popov (swimmer), Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer
*November 18 – Özlem Tekin, Turkish singer
* November 20
** Dion Nash, New Zealand cricket captain
** Joel McHale, Italian-born American comedian, actor, writer, producer, and television host
* November 23 - Chris Hardwick, American actor, comedian, and television host
* November 25 – Christina Applegate, American actress
* November 28 – Fenriz, Norwegian musician
* November 30
** Jessalyn Gilsig, Canadian actress
** Kristi Noem, American politician
December
* December 3 – Frank Sinclair, Jamaican footballer
* December 5
**Katherine Haringhton, Venezuelan lawyer
**Kali Rocha, American actress
* December 6
** Richard Krajicek, Dutch tennis player
** Ryan White, American AIDS activist (d. 1990)
** Craig Brewer, American film director
* December 7
** Vladimir Akopian, Armenian chess player
** Larisa Alexandrovna, Ukrainian-American feminist
* December 8 – Abdullah Ercan, Turkish football player
* December 12
** Sammy Korir, Kenyan long-distance runner
** Alireza Mansourian, Iranian footballer
* December 16
** Scott Booth, Scottish footballer
** Paul van Dyk, German dance music DJ, musician and record producer
* December 17 – Alan Khan, South African radio presenter
* December 17 – Antoine Rigaudeau, French basketball player
* December 18 – Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, Spanish tennis player
* December 19 – Amy Locane, American actress
* December 21 – Natalie Grant, American singer and songwriter
* December 22 – Khalid Khannouchi, Moroccan long-distance runner
* December 23 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (d. 2010)
* December 24
** Giorgos Alkaios, Greek recording artist
** Ricky Martin, Puerto Rican singer
* December 25
** Dido (singer), Dido, English singer
** Justin Trudeau, 23rd Prime Minister of Canada
* December 26 – Jared Leto, American actor and musician (Thirty Seconds to Mars)
* December 27 – Sergei Bodrov Jr., Russian actor (d. 2002)
* December 31 – Brent Barry, American basketball player
Deaths
January
* January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
*1675 – Battle of Turckh ...
– Douglas Shearer, Canadian film sound engineer (b. 1899)
* January 10 – Coco Chanel, French fashion designer (b. 1883)
* January 11 – Hussein Al Oweini, 18th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1900)
* January 12
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.
*1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...
– John Tovey, British admiral (b. 1885)
* January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
*1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
*1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Guillermo de Torre, Spanish Dadaist author (b. 1900)
* January 15
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months.
* 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
– John Dall, American actor (b. 1920)
* January 17 – Lothar Rendulic, Austrian-born German general (b. 1887)
* January 20 – Broncho Billy Anderson, American actor, director, writer, and producer (b. 1880)
* January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
– Bill W., co-founder Alcoholics Anonymous (b. 1895)
* January 25
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate.
* 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...
– Hermann Hoth, German general (b. 1885)
* January 27 – Jacobo Árbenz, 19th President of Guatemala (b. 1913)
* January 28 – Donald Winnicott, British psychoanalyst (b. 1896)
* January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
– Viktor Maksimovich Zhirmunsky, Russian literary historian, linguist (b. 1891)
February
* February 1 – Raoul Hausmann, Austrian artist (b. 1886)
* February 3 – Jay C. Flippen, American actor (b. 1899)
* February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– Brock Chisholm, Canadian physician, 1st Director-General of World Health Organization (b. 1896)
* February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
– Mátyás Rákosi, 43rd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1892)
* February 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop.
1601–1900
* 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
– Shigeru Fukudome, Japanese admiral (b. 1891)
* February 12 – James Cash Penney, American businessman, founder of J. C. Penney (b. 1875)
* February 17 – Adolf A. Berle, American lawyer, educator, author and diplomat (b. 1895)
* February 18 – Jaime de Barros Câmara, Brazilian archbishop (b. 1894)
* February 25
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor.
* 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II.
...
– Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)
March
* March 3 – António Silva (actor), António Silva, Portuguese actor (b. 1886)
* March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– Stevie Smith (Florence Margaret Smith), English poet and novelist (b. 1902)
* March 8 – Harold Lloyd, American actor and filmmaker (b. 1893)
* March 9
** Anthony Berkeley Cox, English writer (b. 1893)
** Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Coptic Orthodox Patriarch (b. 1902)
* March 11
** Philo T. Farnsworth, American television pioneer (b. 1906)
** C. D. Broad, English philosopher (b. 1887)
* March 12
Events Pre-1600
* 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius.
* 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
– David Burns (actor), David Burns, American actor (b. 1902)
* March 16
** Bebe Daniels, American actress (b. 1901)
** Thomas E. Dewey, Governor of New York; American presidential candidate (b. 1902)
* March 22 – Nella Walker, American actress and vaudevillian (b. 1886)
* March 23 – Basil Dearden, English film director (b. 1911)
* March 24 – Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect and designer (b. 1902)
April
* April 3 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (b. 1904)
* April 6 – Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (b. 1882)
* April 12 – Igor Tamm, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
* April 15 – Friedebert Tuglas, Estonian writer and critic (b. 1886)
* April 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at ...
– Earl Thomson, Canadian athlete (b. 1895)
* April 20 – Cecil Parker, English actor (b. 1897)
* April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
** François Duvalier, 32nd President of Haiti (b. 1907)
** Edmund Lowe, American actor (b. 1890)
* April 25 – T. V. Soong, former List of premiers of the Republic of China, Premier of the Republic of China (b. 1891)
* April 30 – Albin Stenroos, Finnish athlete (b. 1889)
May
* May 1 – Glenda Farrell, American actress (b. 1904)
* May 6 – Helene Weigel, German actress (b. 1900)
* May 8
** Godfrey Huggins, 1st Viscount Malvern, English-born Rhodesian politician and physician, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (b. 1883)
** Frederick Sheffield, American Olympic rower (b. 1902)
* May 11 – Seán Lemass, 4th Taoiseach of Ireland (b. 1899)
* May 12 – Tor Johnson, Swedish wrestler and actor (b. 1903)
* May 19 – Ogden Nash, American poet (b. 1902)
* May 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed.
* 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
* 1153 &ndash ...
– Chips Rafferty, Australian actor (b. 1909)
* May 28
** Kim Iryeop, Korean writer, journalist, feminist activist, bhikkhuni, Buddhist nun (b. 1896)
** Audie Murphy, American World War II hero and actor (b. 1925)
** Jean Vilar, French stage actor (b. 1912)
* May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
– Marcel Dupré, French composer (b. 1886)
June
* June 1
Events Pre-1600
*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
*1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...
– Reinhold Niebuhr, American theologian (b. 1892)
* June 4 – György Lukács, Hungarian Marxist philosopher, aesthetician, literary historian, and critic (b. 1885)
* June 10 – Michael Rennie, English actor (b. 1909)
* June 14 – Carlos P. Garcia, 8th President of the Philippines (b. 1896)
* June 15 – Wendell Meredith Stanley, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
* June 18
** Thomas Gomez, American actor (b. 1905)
** Libby Holman, American singer and actress (b. 1904)
** Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
* June 19 – Garfield Wood, American motorboat racer (b. 1880)
* June 25 – John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr, Scottish physician and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1880)
* June 29
** Crew of Soyuz 11:
*** Georgy Dobrovolsky (b. 1928)
*** Viktor Patsayev (b. 1933)
*** Vladislav Volkov (b. 1935)
* June 30
Events Pre-1600
* 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
* 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...
– Herbert Biberman, Jewish-American screenwriter and film director (b. 1900)
July
* July 1
** Lawrence Bragg, Sir Lawrence Bragg, English physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)
** Learie Constantine, Learie Constantine, Baron Constantine, Trinidadian cricketer (b. 1901)
* July 3 – Jim Morrison, American singer (The Doors
The Doors were an American Rock music, rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1965, with vocalist Jim Morrison, keyboardist Ray Manzarek, guitarist Robby Krieger, and drummer John Densmore. They were among the most controversial and influential ro ...
) (b. 1943)
* July 4
Events Pre-1600
* 362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaim ...
** Maurice Bowra, British critic and academic (b. 1898)
** August Derleth, American author and anthologist (b. 1909)
** Thomas C. Hart, American admiral and politician (b. 1877)
* July 6 – Louis Armstrong, African-American jazz trumpeter (b. 1901)
* July 7 – Ub Iwerks, American animator (b. 1901)
* July 17 – Cliff Edwards, American actor (b. 1895)
* July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...
– John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever, British businessman (b. 1886)
* July 21 – Michael Somogyi, Hungarian-American biochemist (b. 1883)
* July 23
** Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1908)
** William Tubman, 19th president of Liberia (b. 1895)
* July 24 – Alan Rawsthorne, British Composer (b. 1905)
* July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...
– Diane Arbus, American photographer (b. 1923)
August
* August 5 – Royal Rife, American inventor (b. 1888)
* August 11 – John Burton Cleland, Sir John Burton Cleland, Australian naturalist, microbiologist, mycologist and ornithologist (b. 1878)
* August 13 – King Curtis, American saxophonist (b. 1934)
* August 15 – Paul Lukas, Hungarian-born American actor (b. 1894)
* August 17 – Wilhelm List, German field marshal (b. 1880)
* August 21 – George Jackson (activist), George Jackson, American author (b. 1941)
* August 24 – Carl Blegen, American archaeologist (b. 1887)
* August 25 – Ted Lewis (musician), Ted Lewis, American musician and entertainer (b. 1890)
* August 27 – Margaret Bourke-White, American photographer (b. 1904)
* August 28 – Geoffrey Lawrence, 1st Baron Oaksey, British judge during the Nuremberg trials after World War II (b. 1880)
September
* September 7 – Spring Byington, American actress (b. 1886)
* September 8 – Emmett Toppino, American Olympic athlete (b. 1909)
* September 10 – Pier Angeli, Italian actress (b. 1932)
* September 11
** Bella Darvi, Polish-born actress (b. 1928)
** Joe Jordan (musician), Joe Jordan, American ragtime composer (b. 1882)
** Nikita Khrushchev, Soviet leader (b. 1894)
* September 12 – Lin Biao, Chinese defense minister (b. 1907)
* September 14 – Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, Bangladeshi novelist (b. 1898)
* September 20 – Giorgos Seferis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
* September 21 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentine physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
* September 23
** James Waddell Alexander II, American mathematician and topologist (b. 1888)
** Billy Gilbert, American actor (b. 1894)
* September 25 – Hugo Black, American Supreme Court of the United States, Supreme Court Justice (b. 1886)
October
* October 2
** Jessie Arms Botke, American artist (b. 1883)
** Richard H. Jackson, American four-star admiral (b. 1866)
* October 3 – Leah Baird, American actress (b. 1883)
* October 9 – Billy Costello (actor), Willam "Billy" Costello, American voice actor, the original voice of Popeye (b. 1898)
* October 10 – Cyril Burt, Sir Cyril Burt, British educational psychologist (b. 1883)
* October 11 – Chester Conklin, American actor (b. 1888)
* October 12
** Dean Acheson, 51st United States Secretary of State (b. 1893)
** Gene Vincent, American singer (b. 1935)
* October 17 – Sergey Kavtaradze, Soviet politician and diplomat (b. 1885)
* October 19 – Betty Bronson, American actress (b. 1906)
* October 21
** Raymond Hatton, American actor (b. 1887)
** Naoya Shiga, Japanese writer (b. 1883)
* October 24 – Carl Ruggles, American composer (b. 1876)
* October 29
** Duane Allman, American rock guitarist, co-founder and leader of the Allman Brothers Band (b. 1946)
** Arne Tiselius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
November
* November 1 – Gertrud von Le Fort, German writer of novels, poems and essays (b. 1876)
* November 2 – Martha Vickers, American actress (b. 1925)
* November 4 – Guillermo León Valencia, 21st President of Colombia (b. 1909)
* November 9 – Maude Fealy, American stage and film actor (b. 1883)
* November 10 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark, American novelist (b. 1909)
* November 11 – A. P. Herbert, English humorist, novelist and politician (b. 1890)
* November 14 – Hanna Neumann, German mathematician (b. 1914)
* November 16 – Edie Sedgwick, American actress and model (b. 1943)
* November 17 – Dame Gladys Cooper, British actress (b. 1888)
* November 22 – József Zakariás, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1924)
* November 23 – Ryūnosuke Kusaka, Japanese admiral (b. 1893)
* November 25 – Hank Mann, American comedic actor (b. 1888)
* November 26 – James Alberione, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1884)
* November 28
** Wasfi Tal, three-time prime minister of Jordan (b. 1919)
** Grantley Herbert Adams, 1st Premier of Barbados (b. 1898)
December
* December 2 – Sir Derwent Hall Caine, English actor (b. 1891)
* December 6 – Mathilde Kschessinska, Russian ballerina (b. 1872)
* December 7 – Ferdinand Pecora, Sicilian-born American lawyer (d. 1882)
* December 9 – Ralph Bunche, African-American diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1904)
* December 10 – Gotthard Heinrici, German general (b. 1886)
* December 12
** Alan Morton, Scottish footballer (b. 1893)
** David Sarnoff, American radio and television pioneer (b. 1891)
* December 13 – Gotthard Heinrici, German general (b. 1886)
* December 15 – Paul Lévy (mathematician), Paul Levy, French mathematician (b. 1886)
* December 18
** Bobby Jones (golfer), Bobby Jones, American golfer (b. 1902)
** Diana Lynn, American actress (b. 1926)
* December 20 – Roy O. Disney, American studio executive (b. 1893)
* December 22 – Godfried Bomans, Dutch writer (b. 1913)
* December 24 – Maria Koepcke, German ornithologist (b. 1924)
* December 26 – Robert Lowery (actor), Robert Lowery, American actor (b. 1913)
* December 28 – Max Steiner, Austrian-born film composer (b. 1888)
* December 30
** Jo Cals, Dutch politician and jurist, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1965-1966) (b. 1914)
** Dorothy Comingore, American actress (b. 1913)
* December 31 – Pete Duel, American actor (b. 1940)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Dennis Gabor
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Gerhard Herzberg
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Earl W. Sutherland, Jr
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Pablo Neruda
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Willy Brandt
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Simon Kuznets
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1971
1971