Events

January

January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...

– The

European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisb ...

(EEC) comes into being. *

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

– The

West Indies Federation The West Indies Federation, also known as the West Indies, the Federation of the West Indies or the West Indian Federation, was a short-lived political union that existed from 3 January 1958 to 31 May 1962. Various islands in the Caribbean that ...

is formed. *

January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – Engli ...

Edmund Hillary Sir Edmund Percival Hillary (20 July 1919 – 11 January 2008) was a New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist. On 29 May 1953, Hillary and Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay became the first climbers confirmed to have reached t ...

Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE) of 1955–1958 was a Commonwealth-sponsored expedition that successfully completed the first overland crossing of Antarctica, via the South Pole. It was the first expedition to reach the South ...

completes the third overland journey to the

South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole, Terrestrial South Pole or 90th Parallel South, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipod ...

, the first to use powered vehicles. **

Sputnik 1 Sputnik 1 (; see § Etymology) was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program. It sent a radio signal back to Earth for t ...

(launched on October 4, 1957) falls to Earth from its orbit, and burns up. *

January 13 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years. * 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...

–

Battle of Edchera The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain (''la Guerra Olvidada''), was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Moroccan insurgents that began in October 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi I ...

: The

Moroccan Army of Liberation The Army of Liberation ( ary, جيش التحرير, translit=Jish Etteḥrir; ber, Aserdas Uslelli, script=Latn) was an organization of various loosely united militias fighting for the independence of Morocco from the French-Spanish coalitio ...

ambushes a Spanish patrol. *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...

– A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the " Lacy–Zarubin Agreement", is signed in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. * 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...

– The first successful American

satellite A satellite or artificial satellite is an object intentionally placed into orbit in outer space. Except for passive satellites, most satellites have an electricity generation system for equipment on board, such as solar panels or radioisotope ...

Explorer 1 Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States in 1958 and was part of the U.S. participation in the International Geophysical Year (IGY). The mission followed the first two satellites the previous year; the Soviet Union's ...

, is launched into orbit.

February

February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...

–

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

and

Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...

unite, to form the

United Arab Republic The United Arab Republic (UAR; ar, الجمهورية العربية المتحدة, al-Jumhūrīyah al-'Arabīyah al-Muttaḥidah) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 until 1971. It was initially a political union between Eg ...

. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

– Seven

Manchester United Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of City of Salford, Salford to ...

footballers are among the 21 people killed in the Munich air disaster in West Germany, on the return flight from a

European Cup The UEFA Champions League (abbreviated as UCL, or sometimes, UEFA CL) is an annual club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and contested by top-division European clubs, deciding the competit ...

game in

Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...

. 23 people survive, but 4 of them, including manager

Matt Busby Sir Alexander Matthew Busby (26 May 1909 – 20 January 1994) was a Scottish association football, football player and manager, who managed Manchester United F.C., Manchester United between 1945 and 1969 and again for the second half of the 197 ...

and players

Johnny Berry Reginald John Berry (1 June 1926 – 16 September 1994), also listed as John James Berry, was an English footballer. Berry joined Manchester United from Birmingham City in 1951. Despite his diminutive stature, he was a natural right winger with ...

and

Duncan Edwards Duncan Edwards (1 October 1936 – 21 February 1958) was an English footballer who played for Manchester United and the England national team. He was one of the Busby Babes, the young United team formed under manager Matt Busby in the mid ...

, are in serious condition. Busby and Berry will pull through, although Berry will never play again. Edwards dies a fortnight later. *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...

**Marshal

Chen Yi Chen Yi may refer to: * Xuanzang (602–664), born as Chen Yi, Chinese Buddhist monk in Tang Dynasty * Chen Yi (Kuomintang) (1883–1950), Chief Executive of Taiwan Province * Chen Yi (marshal) (1901–1972), Chinese Communist Party military comman ...

succeeds

Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai (; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman and military officer who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, premier of the People's Republic of China from 1 October 1949 until his death on 8 J ...

as Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs. **

Ruth Carol Taylor Ruth Carol Taylor (born December 27, 1931) is the first African-American flight attendant in the United States. Her first flight was aboard a Mohawk Airlines flight from Ithaca to New York City. Early life Born in Boston, Massachusetts, into a ...

is the first

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

woman hired as a

flight attendant A flight attendant, also known as steward/stewardess or air host/air hostess, is a member of the aircrew aboard commercial flights, many business jets and some government aircraft. Collectively called cabin crew, flight attendants are prima ...

. Hired by

Mohawk Airlines Mohawk Airlines was a regional passenger airline operating in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, mainly in New York and Pennsylvania, from the mid-1940s until its acquisition by Allegheny Airlines in 1972. At its height, it employe ...

, her career lasts only 6 months, due to another discriminatory barrier – the airline's ban on married flight attendants. *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

– The

Hashemite The Hashemites ( ar, الهاشميون, al-Hāshimīyūn), also House of Hashim, are the royal family of Jordan, which they have ruled since 1921, and were the royal family of the kingdoms of Hejaz (1916–1925), Syria (1920), and Iraq (1921� ...

Kingdoms of

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

and

Jordan Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...

unite in the

Arab Federation The Hashemite Arab Federation was a short-lived country that was formed in 1958 from the union between the Hashemite Kingdoms of Iraq and Jordan. Although the name implies a federal structure, it was ''de facto'' a confederation. The Federation ...

, with King

Faisal II of Iraq Faisal II ( ar, الملك فيصل الثاني ''el-Melik Faysal es-Sânî'') (2 May 1935 – 14 July 1958) was the last King of Iraq. He reigned from 4 April 1939 until July 1958, when he was killed during the 14 July Revolution. This regici ...

as head of state. *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The Prus ...

– A

peace symbol A number of peace symbols have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The dove and olive branch was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a ''Dove'' lithograph by ...

is designed and completed by

Gerald Holtom Gerald Herbert Holtom (20 January 1914 – 18 September 1985Westcott, Kathryn (20 March 2008"World's best-known protest symbol turns 50"'' BBC.co.uk (News)'' (Retrieved: 21 February 2010)) was a British artist and designer. In 1958, he designed ...

, commissioned by the

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) is an organisation that advocates unilateral nuclear disarmament by the United Kingdom, international nuclear disarmament and tighter international arms regulation through agreements such as the Nucle ...

, in protest against the

Atomic Weapons Research Establishment The Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) is a United Kingdom Ministry of Defence research facility responsible for the design, manufacture and support of warheads for the UK's nuclear weapons. It is the successor to the Atomic Weapons Research ...

. *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

n rebels kidnap five-time world driving champion

Juan Manuel Fangio Juan Manuel Fangio (American Spanish: , ; 24 June 1911 – 17 July 1995), nicknamed ''El Chueco'' ("the bowlegged" or "bandy legged one") or ''El Maestro'' ("The Master" or "The Teacher"), was an Argentine racing car driver. He dominated t ...

, releasing him 28 hours later. **

Arturo Frondizi Arturo Frondizi Ércoli (October 28, 1908 – April 18, 1995) was an Argentines, Argentine lawyer, journalist, teacher and politician, who was elected President of Argentina and ruled between May 1, 1958 and March 29, 1962, when he was over ...

is elected president of

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

. *

February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...

– In

Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 200 ...

's ''

Radio Rebelde Radio Rebelde (English: Rebel Radio) is a Cuban Spanish-language radio station. It broadcasts 24 hours a day with a varied program of national and international music hits of the moment, news reports and live sport events. The station was set up ...

'' begins broadcasting from

Sierra Maestra The Sierra Maestra is a mountain range that runs westward across the south of the old Oriente Province in southeast Cuba, rising abruptly from the coast. The range falls mainly within the Santiago de Cuba and in Granma Provinces. Some view it a ...

. *

February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...

–

Bertrand Russell Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, ...

launches the

in the UK. *

February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...

–

Prestonsburg bus disaster The collision and plunge into Big Sandy River involving a school bus near Prestonsburg, Kentucky, on February 28, 1958, resulted in the deaths of 26 students and the bus's driver. It was the third-deadliest bus crash in United States histor ...

: One of the worst school bus accidents in U.S. history occurs when a school bus hits a truck and falls into a river, resulting in 27 deaths, 26 of them schoolchildren. Twenty-two others are rescued.

March

March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor ...

– Turkish passenger ship capsizes and sinks in the

Gulf of İzmit Gulf of İzmit (Turkish language, Turkish: ''İzmit Körfezi''), also referred to as Izmit Bay, is a bay at the easternmost edge of the Sea of Marmara, in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. The gulf takes its name from the city of İzmit. Other cities a ...

, Turkey; at least 300 die. *

March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...

– A British

team, led by Sir

Vivian Fuchs Sir Vivian Ernest Fuchs ( ; 11 February 1908 – 11 November 1999) was an English scientist-explorer and expedition organizer. He led the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition which reached the South Pole overland in 1958. Biography Fuchs ...

, completes the first overland crossing of the Antarctic, using

snowcat A snowcat (short for snow and caterpillar) is an enclosed-cab, truck-sized, fully tracked vehicle designed to move on snow. Major manufacturers are Pisten Bully (Germany), Prinoth (Italy) and Tucker (United States). Snow groomers A snow ...

caterpillar tractors and dogsled teams, in 99 days, via the

. *

March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. *1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bour ...

– The is decommissioned, leaving the United States Navy without an active battleship for the first time since

1896 Events January–March * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that Wil ...

(she is recommissioned October 22, 1988). *

March 11 Events Pre-1600 * 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander. * 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the venerati ...

– A U.S.

B-47 The Boeing B-47 Stratojet (Boeing company designation Model 450) is a retired American long- range, six-engined, turbojet-powered strategic bomber designed to fly at high subsonic speed and at high altitude to avoid enemy interceptor aircr ...

bomber accidentally drops an

atom bomb A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bomb ...

Mars Bluff, South Carolina Mars Bluff is an Unincorporated area, unincorporated community in Florence County, South Carolina, Florence County, South Carolina, United States that bears the distinction of having been inadvertently bombed with a nuclear weapon by the United S ...

. Without a fissile warhead, its conventional explosives destroy a house and injure several people. *

March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of eigh ...

– The United States launches the

Vanguard 1 Vanguard 1 (Harvard designation: 1958-Beta 2, COSPAR ID: 1958-005B ) is an American satellite that was the fourth artificial Earth-orbiting satellite to be successfully launched, following Sputnik 1, Sputnik 2, and Explorer 1. It was launched ...

. *

March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. *1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends ...

– The

Monarch Underwear Company fire {{short description, 1958 textile factory fire in Manhattan, New York The Monarch Underwear Company fire occurred in Manhattan, New York City at 623 Broadway on March 19, 1958. Twenty-four people were killed in a loft fire, between Houston Street ...

occurs in New York, United States, killing 24 people. *

March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...

– Canada's

Avro Arrow The Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow was a delta-winged interceptor aircraft designed and built by Avro Canada. The CF-105 held the promise of Mach 2 speeds at altitudes exceeding and was intended to serve as the Royal Canadian Air Force's (RCAF) ...

makes its maiden flight. *

March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 1021 – On the feast of Eid al-Adha, the death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret for six weeks, is ...

** The

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...

launches

Explorer 3 Explorer 3 (Harvard designation 1958 Gamma) was an American artificial satellite launched into medium Earth orbit in 1958. It was the second successful launch in the Explorer program, and was nearly identical to the first U.S. satellite Explor ...

. ** The

30th Academy Awards The 30th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 26, 1958, to honor the best films of 1957. The Oscar for Best Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium was awarded to Pierre Boulle for ''The Bridge on the River Kwai'', despite the f ...

Ceremony takes place; ''

The Bridge on the River Kwai ''The Bridge on the River Kwai'' is a 1957 epic war film directed by David Lean and based on the 1952 novel written by Pierre Boulle. Although the film uses the historical setting of the construction of the Burma Railway in 1942–1943, the pl ...

'' wins 7 awards, including

Academy Award for Best Picture The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category ...

. *

March 27 Events Pre-1600 *1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and Interdict (Catholic canon law), interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. ...

–

Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. During his rule, Khrushchev s ...

becomes

Premier of the Soviet Union The Premier of the Soviet Union (russian: Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The office had four different names throughout its existence: Chairman of the ...

April

April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created ...

– In Cuba,

Castro Castro is a Romance language word that originally derived from Latin ''castrum'', a pre-Roman military camp or fortification (cf: Greek: ''kastron''; Proto-Celtic:''*Kassrik;'' br, kaer, *kastro). The English-language equivalent is '' chester''. ...

's revolutionary army begins its attacks on

Havana Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.

. *

April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...

– The satellite

Sputnik 2 Sputnik 2 (, russian: Спутник-2, ''Satellite 2''), or Prosteyshiy Sputnik 2 (PS-2, russian: Простейший Спутник 2, italic=yes, ''Simplest Satellite 2'') was the second spacecraft launched into Earth orbit, on 3 November 195 ...

(launched November 3, 1957) disintegrates during reentry from orbit. *

April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho ...

–

Van Cliburn Harvey Lavan "Van" Cliburn Jr. (; July 12, 1934February 27, 2013) was an American pianist who, at the age of 23, achieved worldwide recognition when he won the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow in 1958 during the Cold Wa ...

wins the

International Tchaikovsky Competition The International Tchaikovsky Competition is a classical music competition held every four years in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia, for pianists, violinists, and cellists between 16 and 32 years of age and singers between 19 and 32 years of ...

for

pianists A pianist ( , ) is an individual musician who plays the piano. Since most forms of Western music can make use of the piano, pianists have a wide repertoire and a wide variety of styles to choose from, among them traditional classical music, j ...

in Moscow, breaking

Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...

tensions. *

April 17 Events Pre-1600 *1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. *1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...

– King

Baudouin of Belgium Baudouin (;, ; nl, Boudewijn Albert Karel Leopold Axel Maria Gustaaf, ; german: Balduin Albrecht Karl Leopold Axel Maria Gustav. 7 September 1930 – 31 July 1993), Dutch name Boudewijn, was King of the Belgians from 17 July 1951 until his de ...

officially opens the

world's fair A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

, also known as

Expo 58 Expo 58, also known as the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (french: Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles de 1958, nl, Brusselse Wereldtentoonstelling van 1958), was a world's fair held on the Heysel/Heizel Plateau in Brussels, Bel ...

. The

Atomium The Atomium ( , , ) is a landmark building in Brussels, Belgium, originally constructed for the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (Expo '58). It is located on the Heysel/Heizel Plateau in Laeken (northern part of the City of Brussels), where the exh ...

forms the centrepiece. *

April 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1601–1900 * 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. * 1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroy ...

– The

Montreal Canadiens The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...

win the

Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...

ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two opposing teams use ice hock ...

, after defeating the US team the

Boston Bruins The Boston Bruins are a professional ice hockey team based in Boston. The Bruins compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference. The team has been in existence since 1924, making t ...

in 6 games. *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

–

United Airlines Flight 736 United Air Lines Flight 736 was a scheduled transcontinental passenger service flown daily by United Airlines between Los Angeles and New York City. On April21, 1958, the airliner assigned to the flight, a Douglas DC-7 with 47 on board, was fly ...

is involved in a mid-air collision with a U.S. Air Force F-100F jet fighter in what is now

Enterprise, Nevada Enterprise is an Unincorporated towns in Nevada, unincorporated town in the Las Vegas Valley in Clark County, Nevada, United States. The population was 221,831 at the 2020 United States Census, 2020 U.S. Census, up from 14,676 at the United Stat ...

; all 49 persons in both aircraft are killed.

May

May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. * 1169 &ndas ...

becomes

President of Argentina The president of Argentina ( es, Presidente de Argentina), officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation ( es, Presidente de la Nación Argentina), is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under Constitution of Ar ...

. ** U.S. space scientist

James van Allen James Alfred Van Allen (September 7, 1914August 9, 2006) was an American space scientist at the University of Iowa. He was instrumental in establishing the field of magnetospheric research in space. The Van Allen radiation belts were named afte ...

announces the discovery of Earth's

magnetosphere In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object in which charged particles are affected by that object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynam ...

. ** The

Nordic Passport Union The Nordic Passport Union allows citizens of the Nordic countriesIceland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finlandto travel and reside in another Nordic country without any travel documentation (e.g. a passport or national identity card) or a reside ...

comes into force. *

May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...

– Interviewed in the Chave d'Ouro café, when asked about his rival

António de Oliveira Salazar António de Oliveira Salazar (, , ; 28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a Portuguese dictator who served as President of the Council of Ministers from 1932 to 1968. Having come to power under the ("National Dictatorship"), he reframed the re ...

Humberto Delgado Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE (Portuguese pronunciation: �ˈbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician. Early life ...

utters one of the most famous comments in Portuguese political history: "Obviamente, demito-o! (Obviously, I'll sack him!)". *

May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang d ...

– A formal

North American Aerospace Defense Command North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD ), known until March 1981 as the North American Air Defense Command, is a combined organization of the United States and Canada that provides aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and protection ...

agreement is signed between the United States and Canada. *

May 13 Events Pre-1600 *1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''. * 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...

** Crisis in France:

French Algerian French Algeria (french: Alger to 1839, then afterwards; unofficially , ar, الجزائر المستعمرة), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of French colonisation of Algeria. French rule in the region began in 1830 with the ...

protesters seize government offices in

Algiers Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques ...

, leading to a military coup. ** During a visit to

Caracas Caracas (, ), officially Santiago de León de Caracas, abbreviated as CCS, is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas). Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the ...

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...

Vice President A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...

Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...

's car is attacked by

anti-American Anti-Americanism (also called anti-American sentiment) is prejudice, fear, or hatred of the United States, its government, its foreign policy, or Americans in general. Political scientist Brendon O'Connor at the United States Studies Centr ...

demonstrators. *

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...

– The

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

launches

Sputnik 3 Sputnik 3 (russian: Спутник-3, Satellite 3) was a Soviet satellite launched on 15 May 1958 from Baikonur Cosmodrome by a modified R-7/SS-6 ICBM. The scientific satellite carried a large array of instruments for geophysical research of t ...

. *

May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...

– An

F-104 Starfighter The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic air superiority fighter which was extensively deployed as a fighter-bomber during the Cold War. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the "Century Series" of fi ...

sets a world speed record of . *

May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...

– The

n government of

Fulgencio Batista Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (; ; born Rubén Zaldívar, January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and as its U.S.-backed military dictator ...

launches a counteroffensive against Castro's rebels. *

May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 11 ...

– U.S. President

Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...

becomes the first American elected official to be broadcast on color television. *

May 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction. * 1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy. *1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...

–

ceases transmission. *

May 28 Events Pre-1600 * 585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from w ...

–

Real Madrid Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (, meaning ''Royal Madrid Football Club''), commonly referred to as Real Madrid, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid. Founded in 1902 as Madrid Football Club, the club has traditionally wor ...

beats

A.C. Milan Associazione Calcio Milan (), commonly referred to as AC Milan or simply Milan, is a professional football club in Milan, Italy, founded in 1899. The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 and 1982–83 seasons ...

3–2 at

Heysel Stadium The King Baudouin Stadium (french: Stade Roi Baudouin , nl, Koning Boudewijnstadion ) is a sports ground in north-west Brussels, Belgium. Located in the Heysel district of the City of Brussels, it was built to embellish the Heysel Plateau in v ...

and wins the

1957–58 European Cup The 1957–58 European Cup was the third season of the European Cup, Europe's premier club football tournament. The competition was won by Real Madrid, who beat Milan 3–2 in the final, following a 2–2 draw after 90 minutes. This was Real Madri ...

. *

May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...

– The bodies of unidentified United States soldiers killed in action during World War II and the

Korean War , date = {{Ubl, 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 (''de facto'')({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=25, year1=1950, month2=7, day2=27, year2=1953), 25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')({{Age in years, months, weeks a ...

are buried at the

Tomb of the Unknowns The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is a historic monument dedicated to deceased U.S. service members whose remains have not been identified. It is located in Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, United States. The World War I "Unknown" is a re ...

, in

Arlington National Cemetery Arlington National Cemetery is one of two national cemeteries run by the United States Army. Nearly 400,000 people are buried in its 639 acres (259 ha) in Arlington, Virginia. There are about 30 funerals conducted on weekdays and 7 held on Sa ...

June

June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...

Charles de Gaulle Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...

is brought out of retirement at Colombey-les-Deux-Églises to lead France by decree for 6 months. **

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

extends its fishing limits to 12 miles (22.2 km). *

June 4 Events Pre-1600 *1411 – King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. * 1561 – The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedr ...

– French Prime Minister

visits

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

. *

June 16 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians. * 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...

–

Imre Nagy Imre Nagy (; 7 June 1896 – 16 June 1958) was a Hungarian communist politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers (''de facto'' Prime Minister) of the Hungarian People's Republic from 1953 to 1955. In 1956 Nagy became leader ...

and other leaders of the failed

Hungarian Revolution of 1956 The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 (23 October – 10 November 1956; hu, 1956-os forradalom), also known as the Hungarian Uprising, was a countrywide revolution against the government of the Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1989) and the Hunga ...

are hanged for treason, following secret trials. *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...

– The iron

barque A barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing ship, sailing vessel with three or more mast (sailing), masts having the fore- and mainmasts Square rig, rigged square and only the mizzen (the aftmost mast) Fore-and-aft rig, rigged fore and aft. Som ...

''Omega'' of

Callao Callao () is a Peruvian seaside city and Regions of Peru, region on the Pacific Ocean in the Lima metropolitan area. Callao is Peru's chief seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge Chávez International Airport. Callao municipality consists o ...

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

(built in Liverpool, 1887), sinks on passage carrying

guano Guano (Spanish from qu, wanu) is the accumulated excrement of seabirds or bats. As a manure, guano is a highly effective fertilizer due to the high content of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, all key nutrients essential for plant growth. G ...

from the Pachacamac Islands for

Huacho Huacho () is a city in Peru, capital of the Huaura Province and capital of the Lima Region. Also is the most populated city of the Lima Region and Norte Chico. It is located 223 feet (68 metres) above sea level and 148 km north of the city of ...

, the world's last

full-rigged ship A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel's sail plan with three or more masts, all of them square-rigged. A full-rigged ship is said to have a ship rig or be ship-rigged. Such vessels also have each mast stepped in three se ...

trading under sail alone. *

June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. * 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coas ...

– The

Peronist Party The Justicialist Party ( es, Partido Justicialista, ; abbr. PJ) is a major political party in Argentina, and the largest branch within Peronism. Current president Alberto Fernández belongs to the Justicialist Party (and has, since 2021, served ...

becomes legal again in

. *

June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei. *1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. * 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...

–

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

beats

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

5–2 in the final game, to win the

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

World Cup A world cup is a global sporting competition in which the participant entities – usually international teams or individuals representing their countries – compete for the title of world champion. The event most associated with the concept i ...

. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...

– The

Ifni War The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain (''la Guerra Olvidada''), was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Moroccan insurgents that began in October 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi I ...

ends in

Spanish Sahara Spanish Sahara ( es, Sahara Español; ar, الصحراء الإسبانية, As-Sahrā'a Al-Isbānīyah), officially the Spanish Possessions in the Sahara from 1884 to 1958 then Province of the Sahara between 1958 and 1976, was the name used f ...

July

July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...

–

1958 Lituya Bay megatsunami The 1958 Lituya Bay earthquake occurred on PST with a moment magnitude of 7.8 to 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''). The strike-slip earthquake took place on the Fairweather Fault and triggered a rockslide of 30 million ...

: A 7.8 strike-slip earthquake in

Southeast Alaska Southeast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska(n) Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east and north by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia (and a small part ...

causes a

landslide Landslides, also known as landslips, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep-seated grade (slope), slope failures, mudflows, and debris flows. Landslides occur in a variety of ...

that produces a

megatsunami A megatsunami is a very large wave created by a large, sudden displacement of material into a body of water. Megatsunamis have quite different features from ordinary tsunamis. Ordinary tsunamis are caused by underwater tectonic activity (movemen ...

. The runup from the waves reaches on the rim of

Lituya Bay Lituya Bay (; Tlingit: ''Ltu.aa'',. Spelled L'tua in translation of Tebenkov's log. meaning 'lake within the point') is a fjord located on the coast of the south-east part of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is long and wide at its widest point. ...

. *

July 11 Events Pre-1600 * 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death. * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abd ...

– Count Michael Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde, direct descendant of

Samuel Aba, King of Hungary Samuel Aba ( hu, Aba Sámuel; before 990 or 1009 – 5 July 1044) reigned as King of Hungary between 1041 and 1044. He was born to a prominent family with extensive domains in the region of the Mátra Hills. Based on reports in the ''Gesta H ...

, age 60, is pistol-whipped and murdered over a few hectares of land by

Czechoslovak Czechoslovak may refer to: *A demonym or adjective pertaining to Czechoslovakia (1918–93) **First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–38) **Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–39) **Third Czechoslovak Republic (1948–60) **Fourth Czechoslovak Repub ...

Communists, during the collectivization process at his residence in Olcsvar,

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

. *

July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II of ...

The Beatles The Beatles were an English Rock music, rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the Cultural impact of the Beatles, most influential band of al ...

, at this time known as

The Quarrymen The Quarrymen (also written as "the Quarry Men") are a British skiffle/rock and roll group, formed by John Lennon in Liverpool in 1956, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. Originally consisting of Lennon and several schoolfriends, the Quar ...

, pay 17 shillings and 6 pence to have their first recording session where they record

Buddy Holly Charles Hardin Holley (September 7, 1936 – February 3, 1959), known as Buddy Holly, was an American singer and songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll. He was born to a musical family in Lubbock, Texas ...

's "

That'll Be the Day "That'll Be the Day" is a song written by Buddy Holly and Jerry Allison. It was first recorded by Buddy Holly and the Three Tunes in 1956 and was re-recorded in 1957 by Holly and his new band, the Crickets. The 1957 recording achieved widesprea ...

" and "

In Spite of All the Danger "In Spite of All the Danger" is the first song recorded by the Quarrymen, then consisting of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, pianist John Lowe, and drummer Colin Hanton. McCartney wrote the song and Harrison provided the guitar so ...

", a song written by

Paul McCartney Sir James Paul McCartney (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter and musician who gained worldwide fame with the Beatles, for whom he played bass guitar and shared primary songwriting and lead vocal duties with John Lennon. One ...

and

George Harrison George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English musician and singer-songwriter who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles. Sometimes called "the quiet Beatle", Harrison embraced Indian c ...

. **

Henri Cornelis Hendrik "Rik" Cornelis (1910–1999) was a Belgian colonial civil servant who served as the final Governor-General of the Belgian Congo from 1958 to 1960. His term ended with the independence of the Republic of the Congo. Cornelis was born in ...

becomes Governor-General of the

Belgian Congo The Belgian Congo (french: Congo belge, ; nl, Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960. The former colony adopted its present name, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), in 1964. Colo ...

, the last Belgian governor prior to independence. *

July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. * 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. * 1420 ...

–

July 14 Revolution The 14 July Revolution, also known as the 1958 Iraqi coup d'état, took place on 14 July 1958 in Iraq, and resulted in the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy in Iraq that had been established by King Faisal I in 1921 under the auspices of the B ...

in Iraq: King Faisal is killed.

Abd al-Karim Qasim Abd al-Karim Qasim Muhammad Bakr al-Fadhli al-Zubaidi ( ar, عبد الكريم قاسم ' ) (21 November 1914 – 9 February 1963) was an Iraqi Army brigadier and nationalist who came to power when the Iraqi monarchy was overthrown ...

assumes power. *

July 15 Events Pre-1600 *484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome * 70 – First Jewish–Roman War: Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. ( 17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar). * 756 – ...

– In

Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...

, 5,000

United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...

land in the capital

Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...

in support of the pro-Western government. *

July 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. * 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Sti ...

– Fourteen

life peerage In the United Kingdom, life peers are appointed members of the peerage whose titles cannot be inherited, in contrast to hereditary peers. In modern times, life peerages, always created at the rank of baron, are created under the Life Peerages Ac ...

s, the first under the

Life Peerages Act 1958 The Life Peerages Act 1958 established the modern standards for the creation of life peers by the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. Background This Act was made during the Conservative governments of 1957–1964, when Harold Macmillan was Prime M ...

, are created in the United Kingdom. *

July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...

Explorer program The Explorers program is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the United Stat ...

Explorer 4 Explorer 4 was an American satellite launched on 26 July 1958. It was instrumented by Dr. James van Allen's group. The Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) had initially planned two satellites for the purposes of stu ...

is launched in the United States. ** Queen

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...

of the United Kingdom announces that she is giving her son and

heir apparent An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the b ...

Prince Charles Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. He was the longest-serving heir apparent and Prince of Wales and, at age 73, became the oldest person to ...

, the customary title of

Prince of Wales Prince of Wales ( cy, Tywysog Cymru, ; la, Princeps Cambriae/Walliae) is a title traditionally given to the heir apparent to the English and later British throne. Prior to the conquest by Edward I in the 13th century, it was used by the rulers ...

. The announcement is made at the end of the

1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (Welsh: Gemau Ymerodraeth Prydain a'r Gymanwlad 1958) were held in Cardiff, Wales, from 18–26 July 1958. Thirty-five nations sent a total of 1,130 athletes and 228 officials to the Cardiff Games ...

, held in Cardiff. *

July 29 Events Pre-1600 * 587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple. * 615 – Pakal ascends the throne of Palenque Palenque (; Yucatec Maya language, Yucatec Maya: ), also anciently known in the ...

– The

U.S. Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is Bicameralism, bicameral, composed of a lower body, the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives, and an upper body, ...

formally creates the

National Aeronautics and Space Administration The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding th ...

(NASA). *

July 31 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide. * 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...

– The Tibetan resistance movement against rule by China receives support from the United States

Central Intelligence Agency The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

August

August 3 Events Pre-1600 * 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bosna. * 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor ...

– The nuclear-powered submarine becomes the first vessel to cross the

North Pole The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distinguish from the Mag ...

under water. *

August 6 Events Pre-1600 *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. * 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...

** Australian athlete

Herb Elliott Herbert James Elliott (born 25 February 1938) is a former Australian athlete and arguably the world's greatest middle distance runner of his era. In August 1958 he set the List of world records in athletics, world record in the mile run, clock ...

clips almost 3 seconds off the

world record A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book ''Guinness World Records'' and other world records organization ...

for the

mile run The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race. The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races. It survived track and field's switch to ...

Santry Stadium Morton Stadium, or the National Athletics Stadium, is an athletics stadium in Santry Demesne, Santry in Ireland. Often called Santry Stadium, it is the centre for athletics events in Dublin city and the home track of Clonliffe Harriers. It has ...

Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...

, recording a time of 3 minutes 54.5 seconds. ** The

Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy In 1948, on the initiative of Chilean President Gabriel González Videla, the Chilean National Congress enacted the Permanent Defense of Democracy Law ( es, Ley de Defensa Permanente de la Democracia, Ley N° 8.987), referred to by many as the Damn ...

, which outlawed the

Communist Party of Chile The Communist Party of Chile ( es, Partido Comunista de Chile, ) is a communist party in Chile. It was founded in 1912 as the Socialist Workers' Party () and adopted its current name in 1922. The party established a youth wing, the Communist Youth ...

and banned 26,650 persons from the electoral lists, is repealed. *

August 14 Events Pre-1600 * 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan. The articles, enumerating t ...

–

KLM Flight 607-E __NOTOC__ KLM Flight 607-E was an international scheduled flight that crashed on 14 August 1958, on takeoff from Shannon Airport, Ireland. The aircraft was a Lockheed Super Constellation. All 99 on board died, making the crash the deadliest civ ...

, a

Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation The Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation is an American aircraft, a member of the Lockheed Constellation aircraft line. The L-1049 was Lockheed's response to the successful Douglas DC-6 airliner, first flying in 1950. The aircraft was also produc ...

, crashes into the sea with 99 people aboard. *

August 17 Events Pre-1600 * 309/310 – Pope Eusebius is banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicily, where he dies, possibly from a hunger strike. * 682 – Pope Leo II begins his pontificate. * 986 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Battle of ...

– The first

Thor-Able The Thor-Able was an American expendable launch system and sounding rocket used for a series of re-entry vehicle tests and satellite launches between 1958 and 1960. It was a two-stage rocket, consisting of a Thor IRBM as a first stage and a Vang ...

rocket is launched, carrying

Pioneer 0 Pioneer 0 (also known as Able 1) was a failed United States space probe that was designed to go into orbit around the Moon, carrying a television camera, a micrometeorite detector and a magnetometer, as part of the first International Geophysical ...

, from

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 17 Space Launch Complex 17 (SLC-17), previously designated Launch Complex 17 (LC-17), was a launch site at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Florida used for Thor and Delta launch vehicles launches between 1958 and 2011. It was built in 1 ...

. The launch fails due to a first stage malfunction. *

August 18 Events Pre-1600 * 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria. * 707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei. *1304 & ...

–

Brojen Das Brojen Das (Bengali: ব্রজেন দাস; 9 December 1927 – 1 June 1998) was a Bangladeshi swimmer, who was the first Asian to swim across the English Channel, and the first person to cross it six times. Early life and education ...

from

East Pakistan East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...

swims across the

English Channel The English Channel, "The Sleeve"; nrf, la Maunche, "The Sleeve" (Cotentinais) or ( Jèrriais), (Guernésiais), "The Channel"; br, Mor Breizh, "Sea of Brittany"; cy, Môr Udd, "Lord's Sea"; kw, Mor Bretannek, "British Sea"; nl, Het Kana ...

in a competition, the first

Bangali Bengalis (singular Bengali bn, বাঙ্গালী/বাঙালি ), also rendered as Bangalee or the Bengali people, are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the Bengal region of S ...

as well as the first Asian to ever do it. He is first among 39 competitors. *

August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. * 1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars. *1169 – Battle o ...

–

October 15 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, Edgar the Ætheling is proclaimed King of England by the Witan; he is never crowned, and concedes power to William the Conqueror two months later. * 1211 ...

–

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ...

observes the centennial of the

Lincoln–Douglas debates The Lincoln–Douglas debates were a series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln, the Republican Party candidate for the United States Senate from Illinois, and incumbent Senator Stephen Douglas, the Democratic Party candidate. Until ...

. *

August 23 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, the eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar ...

– The

Second Taiwan Strait Crisis The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis, also called the 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis, was a conflict that took place between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC). In this conflict, the PRC shelled the islands of Kinme ...

begins, with the

People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the principal military force of the People's Republic of China and the armed wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The PLA consists of five service branches: the Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, ...

's bombardment of

Quemoy Kinmen, alternatively known as Quemoy, is a group of islands governed as a county by the Republic of China (Taiwan), off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It lies roughly east of the city of Xiamen in Fujian, from which it is separate ...

. *

August 26 Events Pre-1600 * 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah. *1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most of ...

– A

general strike A general strike refers to a strike action in which participants cease all economic activity, such as working, to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. They are organised by large co ...

is called in

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

. *

August 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple. * 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. * 1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...

–

September 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. * 1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancon ...

–

Notting Hill race riots The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially motivated riots that took place in Notting Hill, England, between 29 August and 5 September 1958. Background Following the end of the Second World War, as a result of the losses during the wa ...

: Riots occur between blacks and whites in

Notting Hill Notting Hill is a district of West London, England, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Notting Hill is known for being a cosmopolitan and multicultural neighbourhood, hosting the annual Notting Hill Carnival and Portobello Road M ...

, London.

September

– The

first Cod War The Cod Wars ( is, Þorskastríðin; also known as , ; german: Kabeljaukriege) were a series of 20th-century confrontations between the United Kingdom (with aid from West Germany) and Iceland about fishing rights in the North Atlantic. Each o ...

begins between the United Kingdom and

. *

September 2 Events Pre-1600 *44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them ...

Hendrik Verwoerd Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (; 8 September 1901 – 6 September 1966) was a South African politician, a scholar of applied psychology and sociology, and chief editor of ''Die Transvaler'' newspaper. He is commonly regarded as the architect ...

becomes the 6th

Prime Minister of South Africa The prime minister of South Africa ( af, Eerste Minister van Suid-Afrika) was the head of government in South Africa between 1910 and 1984. History of the office The position of Prime Minister was established in 1910, when the Union of Sout ...

. ** China's first television broadcasts start at Beijing Television Station, a predecessor of

China Central Television China Central Television (CCTV) is a Chinese state- and political party-owned broadcaster controlled by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Its 50 different channels broadcast a variety of programing to more than one billion viewers in six lan ...

.　 *

September 4 Events Pre-1600 * 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire. * 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne ove ...

–

Jorge Alessandri Jorge Eduardo Alessandri Rodríguez (; 19 May 1896 – 31 August 1986) was the 27th President of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970, which he lost to Salvador All ...

is the winner of Chile's presidential election. *

September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...

–

Paul Robeson Paul Leroy Robeson ( ; April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an American bass-baritone concert artist, stage and film actor, professional football player, and activist who became famous both for his cultural accomplishments and for his p ...

performs in concert at the Soviet

Young Pioneer camp Young Pioneer camp (russian: Пионерский лагерь) was the name for the vacation or summer camp of Young Pioneers. In the 20th century these camps existed in many socialist countries, particularly in the Soviet Union. The You ...

Artek. *

September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Ji ...

–

Jack Kilby Jack St. Clair Kilby (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electrical engineer who took part (along with Robert Noyce of Fairchild) in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1 ...

invents the first

integrated circuit An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, usually silicon. Large numbers of tiny ...

, while working at Texas Instruments. * September 14 – Two Mohr Rocket, rockets designed by German engineer Ernst Mohr (the first German post-war rockets) reach the upper atmosphere. * September 18 – BankAmericard, the first credit card to be widely offered, is launched in Fresno, California in what becomes known as the "Fresno Drop". * September 27 ** Typhoon Ida (1958), Typhoon Ida kills at least 1,269 in Honshū, Japan. ** Hurricane Helene (1958), Hurricane Helene, the worst storm of the North Atlantic hurricane season, reaches category 4 status. * September 28 – In the 1958 French constitutional referendum, a majority of 79% says yes to the constitution of the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic. * September 30 – The U.S.S.R. performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya.

October

* October – GoldStar, as predecessor for LG Electronics, founded in South Korea. * October 1 ** Tunisia and Morocco join the Arab League. ** NASA starts operations and replaces the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, NACA in the United States. * October 2 – Guinea declares itself independent from France. * October 4 ** The new Constitution of France is signed into law, establishing the French Fifth Republic. ** British Overseas Airways Corporation uses the new De Havilland Comet jets, to become the first airline to fly jet passenger services across the Atlantic. * October 11 – ''Pioneer 1'', the second and most successful of the 3 project Pioneer program, Able space probes, becomes the first spacecraft launched by the newly formed NASA. * October 13 – Penelope Coelen, Penny Coelen is crowned Miss World 1958 during the 8th Miss World Pageant, the first South African to win the title. * October 16 – The long-running BBC Television children's programme ''Blue Peter'' is first broadcast. * October 17 – ''An Evening with Fred Astaire'', the first television show recorded on color videotape, is broadcast on NBC in the United States. * October 18 – ''Tennis for Two'', a game invented by William Higinbotham and considered to be the first pure entertainment computer game, is introduced at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Visitors' Day Exhibit in the United States. * October 23 – The Nobel Committee announces Russian novelist Boris Pasternak as the winner of the 1958 Prize for Literature. * October 26 – A Pan American World Airways Boeing 707 makes its first transatlantic flight. * October 28 – Pope John XXIII succeeds Pope Pius XII, as the 261st pope.

November

* November 3 ** The new UNESCO building, World Heritage Centre, is inaugurated in Paris. **

is sworn in as President of Chile. * November 10 – The bossa nova is born in Rio de Janeiro, with João Gilberto's recording of ''Chega de Saudade''. * November 10 – Harry Winston donates the Hope Diamond to the Smithsonian Institution. * November 18 – En route to Rogers City, Michigan, the Lake freighter breaks up and sinks in a storm on Lake Michigan; 33 of the 35 crewmen on board perish. * November 20 – The Jim Henson Company is founded as The Muppets, Muppets, Inc. in the United States. * November 22 – 1958 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Menzies Government (1949-66), Government is re-elected with a slightly increased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by H.V. Evatt. This is the first election where television was used as a medium for communicating with voters. Evatt will eventually resign as Labor leader and will be 1960 Australian Labor Party leadership election, replaced by his deputy Arthur Calwell. * November 25 – French Sudan gains autonomy as a self-governing member of the French Community, French colonial empire. * November 28 – Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon become autonomous republics within the French colonial empire. * November 30 – Gaullism, Gaullists win the 1958 French legislative election, French parliamentary election.

December

* December 1 ** Our Lady of the Angels School fire: 90 students and 3 nuns are killed in a fire in Chicago. ** Adolfo López Mateos takes office as President of Mexico. * December 14 – The ''3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition'' becomes the first ever to reach the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility. * December 15 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Arthur L. Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes, Charles H. Townes of Bell Laboratories publish a paper in ''Physical Review, Physical Review Letters'' setting out the principles of the optical laser. * December 16 ** A fire breaks out in the Vida Department Store in Bogotá, Colombia and kills 84 persons. ** Soviet Union, Soviet polar pilot V. M. Perov on Li-2 rescues four Belgian polar explorers, led by Gaston de Gerlache, who have survived a plane crash in Antarctica 250 km from their base five days earlier. * December 18 ** The United States launches SCORE (satellite), SCORE, the world's first communications satellite. ** The Bell XV-3 Tiltrotor makes the first true mid-air transition from vertical helicopter-type flight to fully level fixed-wing flight. * December 19 – A message from U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower is broadcast from the SCORE (satellite), SCORE satellite. * December 21 – General

is elected president of France with 78.5% of the votes. * December 24 – 1958 BOAC Bristol Britannia crash: A BOAC Bristol Britannia (312 G-AOVD) crashes near Winkton, England, during a test flight, killing nine people. Three crew members survive. * December 28 – In American football, the Indianapolis Colts, Baltimore Colts beat the New York Giants 23–17 to win the 1958 NFL Championship Game, NFL Championship Game, the first to go into Sudden death (sport), sudden death Overtime (sport), overtime and "The Greatest Game Ever Played". * December 29 – Battle of Santa Clara: Rebel troops under Camilo Cienfuegos and Che Guevara begin to invade Santa Clara, Cuba. * December 30 – The Guatemalan Air Force fires on Mexican fishing boats which had strayed into Guatemalan territory, triggering the Mexico–Guatemala conflict. * December 31 ** Tallies reveal that, for the first time, the total of passengers carried by air this year exceeds the total carried by sea in transatlantic service. ** After the fall of Santa Clara, Cuban President

flees the country.

Date unknown

* Denatonium, the bitter (taste), bitterest substance known, is discovered. It is used as an aversive agent in products such as bleach to reduce the risk of children drinking them.

Births

January

– Grandmaster Flash, Barbadian-American hip-hop/rap DJ *

– Matt Frewer, Canadian-American actor (''Max Headroom'') * January 6 – Shlomo Glickstein, Israeli tennis player * January 7 – Yasmin Ahmad, Malaysian film director, writer and scriptwriter (died 2009) * January 8 – Betsy DeVos, American businesswoman and politician, 11th Secretary of Education * January 9 – Mehmet Ali Ağca, Turkish militant, would-be assassin of Pope John Paul II * January 10 – Samira Said, Moroccan singer * January 15 – Boris Tadić, Serbian president * January 20 – Lorenzo Lamas, American actor, martial artist and reality show participant * January 21 – Hussein Saeed, Hussein Saeed Mohammed, Iraqi football player * January 24 – Jools Holland, British musician * January 26 ** Anita Baker, American soul and R&B singer ** Ellen DeGeneres, American actress, comedian, and television host * January 28 – Maitê Proença, Brazilian actress

February

* February 4 – Tomasz Pacyński, Polish writer (died 2005) * February 8 – Marina Silva, Brazilian politician * February 9 – Cyrille Regis, English footballer (died 2018) * February 10 – Ricardo Gareca, Argentine footballer and manager *

– Regina Maršíková, Czechoslovakian tennis player * February 13 – Pernilla August, Swedish actress * February 16 ** Ice-T, American rapper, songwriter, and actor ** Andriy Bal, Ukrainian football player and coach (died 2014) *

** Jack Coleman (actor), Jack Coleman, American actor and screenwriter ** Mary Chapin Carpenter, American singer * February 26 ** María Casal, Spanish actress ** Susan Helms, American astronaut * February 27 – Maggie Hassan, U.S. Senator from New Hampshire *

– Natalya Estemirova, Russian activist (died 2009)

March

* March 3 – Miranda Richardson, English actress * March 4 – Patricia Heaton, American actress * March 5 – Andy Gibb, English singer, songwriter, performer, and teen idol (died 1988) * March 7 – Rik Mayall, English comedian and actor (died 2014) *

– Gary Numan, British singer * March 10 ** Sharon Stone, American actress and producer ** Frankie Ruiz, Puerto Rican singer (died 1998) * March 14 ** Bruno Dumont, French film director and screenwriter ** Albert II, Prince of Monaco * March 20 – Holly Hunter, American actress * March 21 – Gary Oldman, English actor and filmmaker * March 24 – Roland Koch, German politician *

** Elio de Angelis, Italian racing driver (died 1986) ** Hala Fouad, Egyptian actress (died 1993) *

– Jessica Soho, Philippine television celebrity and reporter * March 28 ** Bart Conner, American gymnast ** Curt Hennig, American professional wrestler (died 2003) * March 30 ** Lucy Turnbull, Lord Mayor of Sydney, wife of Malcolm Turnbull ** Maurice LaMarche, Canadian voice actor and comedian * March 31 – Dietmar Bartsch, German politician

April

– Alec Baldwin, American actor * April 4 ** Cazuza, Brazilian poet, singer and composer (d. 1990) ** Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, Thai billionaire businessman (d. 2018) * April 10 – Yefim Bronfman, Russian-born pianist * April 11 ** Hussniya Jabara, Israeli Arab politician ** Luc Luycx, Belgian coin designer * April 12 – Ginka Zagorcheva, Bulgarian athlete *

– Peter Capaldi, Scottish actor * April 15 – Benjamin Zephaniah, British writer and musician *

** Andie MacDowell, American actress ** Yoshito Usui, Japanese manga artist (Crayon Shin-chan) (d. 2009) * April 24 – Susan Tsvangirai, Spouse of the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (d. 2009) * April 25 – Luis Guillermo Solís, President of Costa Rica * April 26 – Giancarlo Esposito, Italian-American actor * April 29 ** Sergey Goryunov, Russian football coach and former Soviet player ** Michelle Pfeiffer, American actress

May

Marie_Fredriksson-Roxette_at_Bospop_festival_The_Netherlands_2011

* May 4 – Keith Haring, American artist (died 1990) *

** Rick Santorum, American politician ** Ellen Ochoa, American astronaut, first Hispanic woman to go into space *

– Dries van Noten, Belgian designer *

– Jane Wiedlin, American musician and actress *

– Drew Carey, American comedian and actor * May 25 – Paul Weller, English singer-songwriter * May 26 – Margaret Colin, American actress * May 27 – Neil Finn, New Zealand singer and songwriter * May 29 ** Annette Bening, American actress ** Juliano Mer-Khamis, Israeli actor, director, filmmaker and political activist (died 2011) *

– Marie Fredriksson, Swedish rock guitarist and singer-songwriter (died 2019)

June

– Nambaryn Enkhbayar, Mongolian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Mongolia * June 2 – Lex Luger, former American professional wrestler * June 3 – Margot Käßmann, Lutheran theologian, German bishop * June 5 – Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, Comoroan businessman and politician, President of Comoros 2006-2011 * June 7 – Prince (musician), Prince, African-American musician (died 2016) * June 14 – Eric Heiden, American speed skater with five Olympic gold medals * June 15 – Wade Boggs, American baseball player * June 17 – Jello Biafra, American punk musician and activist (Dead Kennedys) * June 18 – Peter Altmaier, German jurist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany * June 19 – Sergei Makarov (ice hockey), Sergei Makarov, Russian ice-hockey player and coach * June 22 ** Rocío Banquells, Mexican pop singer and actress ** Bruce Campbell, American actor, producer, writer and director * June 24 – Tommy Lister Jr., American actor and professional wrestler (died 2020) * June 25 – Serik Akhmetov, 8th Prime Minister of Kazakhstan *

– Magnus Lindberg (Finnish composer), Magnus Lindberg, Finnish composer *

– Rosa Mota, Portuguese long-distance runner *

** Karl Friesen, Canadian ice hockey goaltender ** Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer ** Irina Vorobieva, Russian pair skater ** Vasil Yakusha, Belarusian rower

July

Kate Bush at 1986 Comic Relief (cropped)

* July 1 – Tom Magee, Canadian world champion powerlifter and strongman competitor * July 2 ** Pavan Malhotra, Indian actor ** Rainer Hasler, Liechtensteiner footballer (died 2014) * July 3 – Didier Mouron, Swiss artist * July 5 ** Bill Watterson, American cartoonist (Calvin and Hobbes) ** Kyoko Terase, Japanese voice actress * July 6 – Jennifer Saunders, British comedian and actress * July 7 – Michala Petri, Danish recorder player * July 8 ** Kevin Bacon, American actor ** Neetu Singh, Indian actress * July 10 – Fiona Shaw, Irish actress *

– Valery Kipelov, Russian music artist and composer * July 13 – Arun Pandian, Indian film actor, director, producer and politician *

– Jujie Luan, Chinese-Canadian fencer *

– Jörg Kachelmann, Swiss presenter, journalist and entrepreneur in the meteorological field * July 16 – Michael Flatley, Irish-born dancer * July 17 – Wong Kar-wai, Hong Kong second wave filmmaker * July 19 ** Azumah Nelson, Ghanaian boxer ** Jonathan Lee (musician), Jonathan Lee, Taiwanese musician * July 20 – Bala Garba Jahumpa, Gambian politician * July 22 – Tatsunori Hara, Japanese professional-baseball coach and player * July 27 ** Margarethe Schreinemakers, German television presenter ** Christopher Dean, British ice dancer and Olympian * July 28 – Terry Fox, Canadian athlete and cancer activist (died 1981) * July 30 – Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter *

– Mark Cuban, American entrepreneur and basketball team owner

August

* August 1 ** María Ignacia Benítez, Chilean politician (died 2019) ** Adrian Dunbar, Irish actor and director * August 2 – Shō Hayami, Japanese voice actor and singer *

– Lambert Wilson, French actor * August 5 – Andriy Fedetskyi, Ukrainian football player (died 2018) * August 7 ** Bruce Dickinson, English musician (Iron Maiden) ** Russell Baze, Canadian/American champion jockey * August 10 – Rami Hamdallah, Palestine politician * August 16 ** Angela Bassett, African-American actress ** Madonna, American-born singer, songwriter, and actress *

– Belinda Carlisle, American singer *

** Reg E. Cathey, African-American actor (died 2018) ** Madeleine Stowe, American actress * August 19 – Brendan Nelson, Australian politician * August 22 – Colm Feore, American-born Canadian actor * August 24 – Steve Guttenberg, American actor * August 25 – Tim Burton, American film director * August 27 ** Normand Brathwaite, African-Canadian comedian and television and radio host **Kathy Hochul, American politician, Governor of New York * August 29 ** Michael Jackson, African-American singer, songwriter and dancer (died 2009) ** Lenny Henry, English comedian and actor * August 31 – Julie Brown, American actress

September

– Zdravko Krivokapić, Montenegrin politician, Prime Minister of Montenegro *

– Jeff Foxworthy, American comedian, actor and author * September 10 ** Chris Columbus (filmmaker), Chris Columbus, American film director/writer/producer ** Siobhan Fahey, Irish singer (Bananarama, Shakespears Sister) * September 11 – Julia Nickson-Soul, Singapore actress * September 13 – Paweł Przytocki, Polish conductor * September 16 – Jennifer Tilly, Canadian/American actress * September 17 – Janez Janša, 2-Time Prime Minister of Slovenia * September 18 – Rachid Taha, Algerian singer and activist (died 2018) * September 19 – Lita Ford, British musician * September 21 – Bruno Fitoussi, French poker player * September 22 ** Andrea Bocelli, Italian tenor ** Joan Jett, American rock musician * September 24 ** Kevin Sorbo, American actor ** Eamonn Healy, Irish chemist * September 27 ** Shaun Cassidy, American actor, producer and screenwriter ** Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer * September 29 ** Eduardo Cunha, Brazilian politician, former President of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil ** Tom Buhrow, German journalist and intendant of the WDR

October

Neil deGrasse Tyson in June 2017 (cropped)

* October 3 – Chen Yanyin, Chinese sculptor * October 5 – Neil deGrasse Tyson, American astrophysicist and science communicator * October 8 – Ursula von der Leyen, German politician, President of the European Commission * October 10 – Tanya Tucker, American singer * October 13 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (died 2018) * October 14 – Peter Kloeppel, German television journalist * October 16 ** Noel Cleal, Australian rugby league player ** Tim Robbins, American actor and film director * October 17 – Alan Jackson, American country singer and songwriter * October 20 ** Mark King (musician), Mark King, English pop-rock guitarist and singer (Level 42) ** Viggo Mortensen, Danish-American actor * October 25 – Kornelia Ender, German swimmer * October 26 – Pascale Ogier, French actress (died 1984) * October 27 – Simon Le Bon, English rock singer * October 28 – Raúl Pellegrin, Chilean revolutionary, leader of Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (died 1988) * October 29 ** Blažej Baláž, Slovak painter ** Stefan Dennis, Australian actor & singer * October 31 – Jeannie Longo, French cyclist

November

Jamie Lee Curtis (41851191720) (cropped)

* November 5 – Robert Patrick, American actor * November 7 – Dmitry Kozak, Russian politician and deputy Prime Minister of Russia * November 10 – Vicky Rosti, Finnish singer, former Eurovision contestant * November 12 ** Megan Mullally, American actress, singer and media personality ** Hiromi Iwasaki, Japanese singer * November 14 – Sergio Goyri, Mexican actor * November 16 ** Sooronbay Jeenbekov, President of Kyrgyzstan ** Marg Helgenberger, American actress ** Boris Krivokapić, Serbian academic * November 17 – Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, American actress and singer * November 18 ** Laura Miller, American politician ** Oscar Nunez, Cuban-American actor and comedian * November 18 – Daniel Brailovsky, Argentine-born Israeli footballer and manager * November 22 ** Jamie Lee Curtis, American actress ** Ibrahim Ismail of Johor, Sultan of Johor * November 25 – Alice Cohen, American singer and fine artist * November 27 – Tetsuya Komuro, Japanese music producer and songwriter * November 30 – Juliette Bergmann, Dutch bodybuilder

December

* December 1 ** Charlene Tilton, American actress ** Javier Aguirre, Mexican football player and manager * December 2 – Mina Asami, Japanese actress * December 6 – Nick Park, English filmmaker and animator * December 10 ** Cornelia Funke, German author ** Annelore Zinke, East German gymnast * December 11 – Nikki Sixx, American rock musician * December 12 ** Monica Attard, Australian journalist ** Lucie Guay, Canadian canoer ** Dag Ingebrigtsen, Norwegian musician ** Sheree J. Wilson, American actress * December 14 – François Zocchetto, French politician * December 15 – Alfredo Ormando, Italian writer (died 1998) * December 16 – Katie Leigh, American voice actress * December 18 – Julia Wolfe, American composer * December 25 ** Dimi Mint Abba, Mauritanian musician and singer (died 2011) ** Rickey Henderson, African-American baseball player ** Alannah Myles, Canadian singer-songwriter * December 26 – Mieko Harada, Japanese actress * December 29 – Lakhdar Belloumi, Algerian football player * December 31 – Bebe Neuwirth, American actress

Deaths

January

– Edward Weston, American photographer (born 1886) *

– Cafer Tayyar Eğilmez, Turkish general (born 1877) *

– Archie Alexander, American designer and governor (born 1888) * January 7 ** Margaret Anglin, Canadian stage actress (born 1876) ** Petru Groza, Romanian politician, 46th Prime Minister of Romania and head of the State (born 1884) * January 8 ** Mary Colter, American architect (born 1869) ** Paul Pilgrim, American athlete (born 1883) * January 9 – Karl Reinhardt (philologist), Karl Reinhardt, German philologist. (born 1886) *

** Jesse L. Lasky, American film producer (born 1880) ** Edna Purviance, American actress (born 1895) * January 16 – Aubrey Mather, English actor (born 1885) * January 19 – Cândido Rondon, Brazilian military officer (born 1865) * January 20 – Ataúlfo Argenta, Spanish conductor and pianist (born 1913) *

– Prince Oskar of Prussia (born 1888) * January 30 ** Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (born 1878) ** Ernst Heinkel, German aircraft designer and manufacturer (born 1888)

February

– Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1881) *

– Manchester United footballers killed in Munich air disaster ** Geoff Bent (born 1932) ** Roger Byrne (born 1929) ** Eddie Colman (born 1936) ** Mark Jones (footballer, born 1933), Mark Jones (born 1933) ** David Pegg (born 1935) ** Frank Swift (born 1913) ** Tommy Taylor (born 1932) ** Liam Whelan, Liam "Billy" Whelan (born 1935) * February 7 – Walter Kingsford, English actor (born 1882) * February 10 – Aleksander Klumberg, Estonian decathlete (born 1899) *

– Ernest Jones, Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst (born 1879) * February 13 ** Christabel Pankhurst, English suffragette (born 1880) ** Georges Rouault, French painter (born 1871) ** Helen Twelvetrees, American actress (born 1908) *

– Prince Heinrich of Bavaria (1922–1958), Prince Heinrich of Bavaria (born 1922) * February 16 – Situ Qiao, Chinese painter (born 1902) *

– Marguerite Snow, American actress (born 1889) * February 20 – Thurston Hall, American actor (born 1882) *

** Henryk Arctowski, Polish scientist and explorer (born 1871) **

English footballer, died from injuries sustained in the Munich air disaster (born 1936) * February 27 – Harry Cohn, American film producer (born 1891)

March

– Giacomo Balla, Italian painter (born 1871) * March 6 – Anton Reinthaller, Austrian right wing politician (born 1895) *

– Brian Swift (cricketer), Brian Swift, Australian cricketer, car accident (born 1937) *

– Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman (born 1891) * March 12 – Princess Ingeborg of Denmark (born 1878) *

– Bertha De Vriese, Belgian physician (born 1877) * March 21 – Cyril M. Kornbluth, American writer (born 1923) * March 22 (in plane crash) ** Mike Todd, American film producer (born 1909) ** Art Cohn, American screenwriter (born 1909) * March 23 ** Charlotte Walker (actress), Charlotte Walker, American actress (born 1876) ** Florian Znaniecki, Polish philosopher and sociologist (born 1882) * March 24 ** Herbert Fields, American librettist and screenwriter (born 1897) ** Alexandros Hatzikyriakos, Greek admiral and politician (born 1874) *

**Adegoke Adelabu, Nigerian politician (born 1915) ** Tom Brown (trombonist), Tom Brown, American musician (born 1888) *

– Phil Mead, English cricketer (born 1887) * March 28 ** W. C. Handy, African-American blues composer (born 1873) ** Chuck Klein, American baseball player (Philadelphia Phillies) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (born 1904)

April

* April 2 ** Willie Maley, Scottish football player and manager (born 1868) ** Jōsei Toda, Japanese educator and activist (born 1900) * April 4 – María Luisa Sepúlveda, Chilean composer (born 1898) * April 5 – Prince Ferdinand of Bavaria (born 1884) * April 8 ** Alcibíades Arosemena, Panamanian politician, 15th President of Panama (born 1883) ** George Jean Nathan, American drama critic (born 1882) ** Frank Eaton, American Deputy Marshal (born 1860) ** Frank Kingdon-Ward, English botanist and explorer (born 1885) * April 15 – Estelle Taylor, American actress (born 1894) * April 16 – Rosalind Franklin, English crystallographer (born 1920) *

– Rita Montaner, Cuban singer, pianist and actress (born 1900) * April 18 – Maurice Gamelin, French general (born 1872) * April 19 – Billy Meredith, Welsh footballer (born 1874)

May

* May 2 – Henry Cornelius, South African-born director (born 1913) * May 3 – Frank Foster (cricketer), Frank Foster, English cricketer (born 1889) * May 5 – James Branch Cabell, American writer (born 1879) * May 7 ** Joan Comorera, Spanish politician (born 1894) ** Mihkel Lüdig, Estonian composer, organist and choir conductor (born 1880) * May 9 – Koshirō Oikawa, Japanese admiral (born 1883) *

– Jacob Fichman, Israeli poet and essayist (born 1881) * May 19 ** Ronald Colman, English actor (born 1891) ** Marie Pujmanová, Czechoslovak poet and novelist (born 1893) ** Jadunath Sarkar, Indian historian (born 1870) *

– Frédéric François-Marsal, 59th Prime Minister of France (born 1874) *

– Richmond Palmer, Sir Richmond Palmer, British lawyer and colonial administrator (born 1877) * May 26 – Constantin Cantacuzino (aviator), Constantin Cantacuzino, Romanian aviator (born 1905) * May 29 – Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1881)

June

* June 2 ** Townsend Cromwell, American oceanographer (plane crash) (born 1922) ** Bell M. Shimada, American fisheries scientist (plane crash) (born 1922) * June 6 ** Lloyd Hughes (actor), Lloyd Hughes, American actor (born 1897) ** Virginia Pearson, American actress (born 1886) * June 8 – Nicola da Gesturi, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (born 1882) * June 9 – Robert Donat, English actor (born 1905) * June 13 – Edwin Keppel Bennett, British writer (born 1887) *

, Hungarian politician, 44th Prime Minister of Hungary (executed) (born

) ** Nereu Ramos, Brazilian politician, 20th President of Brazil (born 1888) *

– Kurt Alder, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902) * June 21 ** Herbert Brenon, American film director (born 1880) ** Robert L. Ghormley, American admiral (born 1883) * June 24 – George Orton, Canadian athlete (born 1876) * June 25 – Alfred Noyes, English poet (born 1880) *

– Vytautas Augustauskas, Soviet educator (born 1904)

July

Iven Kincheloe photo portrait head and shoulders

* July 2 – Martha Boswell, American singer (born 1905) * July 3 – Charles Bathurst, 1st Viscount Bledisloe, English politician, 4th Governor-General of New Zealand (born 1867) * July 5 – Patriarch Vikentije II, Serbian Patriarch, Vikentije II (born 1890) *

– James H. Flatley, American naval aviator and admiral (born 1906) *

(killed during ''coup d'état''): ** King

(born 1935; assassinated) ** 'Abd al-Ilah, Prince of Iraq (born 1913; assassinated) ** Ibrahim Hashem, Jordanian lawyer and politician, 3-time Prime Minister of Jordan (born 1888) *

– Nuri al-Said, Iraqi politician, 7th Prime Minister of Iraq (born 1888) * July 18 – Henri Farman, French aviator and aircraft company founder (born 1874) * July 20 – Franklin Pangborn, American actor (born 1889) *

– Mabel Ballin, American actress (born 1887) * July 25 – Harry Warner, American studio executive (born 1881) *

– Iven Carl Kincheloe Jr., American Korean War fighter ace and test pilot (born 1928) * July 27 – Claire Lee Chennault, American aviator and general, leader of the Flying Tigers (born 1893) * July 30 – William A. Glassford, American admiral (born 1886)

August

* August 1 – Albert E. Smith (producer), Albert E. Smith, English-born American stage magician, film director and producer (born 1875) * August 2 – Michele Navarra, Italian Sicilian Mafia boss (born 1905) *

– Peter Collins (racing driver), Peter Collins, British Formula 1 driver (born 1931) * August 4 – Mario Zanin (bishop), Mario Zanin, Italian Roman Catholic prelate and monsignor (born 1890) * August 8 – Barbara Bennett, American actress (born 1906) * August 9 – Felipe Boero, Argentine composer (born 1884) * August 12 – Augustus Owsley Stanley, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (born 1867) *

– Frédéric Joliot-Curie, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (born 1900) * August 16 ** José Domingues dos Santos, Portuguese politician, 89th Prime Minister of Portugal (born 1885) ** Paul Panzer, German actor (born 1872) *

– Bonar Colleano, American actor (born 1924) *

** Stevan Hristić, Yugoslav composer (born 1885) ** Kurt Neumann (director), Kurt Neumann, German film director (born 1908) * August 22 – Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1881) * August 24 ** Paul Henry (painter), Paul Henry, Northern Irish artist (born 1876) ** J. G. Strijdom, 5th Prime Minister of South Africa (born 1893) *

– Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer (born 1872) * August 27 – Ernest Lawrence, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1901) * August 29 – Marjorie Flack, American artist, illustrator and writer (born 1897)

September

* September 3 – Giffard Le Quesne Martel, Sir Giffard Le Quesne Martel, British army general (born 1889) * September 11 ** Hans Grundig, German artist (born 1901) ** Robert W. Service, Scottish-born Canadian poet (born 1874) * September 16 – Alma Bennett, American actress (born 1904) * September 23 ** Alfred Piccaver, British-born American operatic tenor (born 1884) ** Walter Friedrich Otto, German classical philologist (born 1874) * September 25 – John B. Watson, American psychologist (born 1878) * September 27 – Adolfo Salazar, Spanish historian, composer and diplomat (born 1890) * September 30 – Estate Tatanashvili, Soviet general (born 1902)

October

* October 9 – Pope Pius XII (born 1876) * October 11 – Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter (born 1876) * October 14 – Douglas Mawson, Sir Douglas Mawson, Australian geologist and polar explorer (born 1882) *

– Jack Norton, American actor (born 1882) * October 16 – Michalis Souyioul, Greek composer (born 1906) * October 17 ** Celso Benigno Luigi Costantini, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and eminence (born 1876) ** Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (born 1876) ** Paul Outerbridge, American photographer (born

) * October 24 – G. E. Moore, British philosopher of (''Principia Ethica'') (born 1873) * October 26 – Herbert A. Bartholomew, American farmer and politician (born 1871) * October 29 – Zoë Akins, American playwright, poet and author (born 1886)

November

* November 4 – Sam Zimbalist, American film producer (born 1904) * November 8 – C. Ganesha Iyer, Ceylon Tamil philologist (born 1878) * November 11 – André Bazin, French film critic and theorist (born 1918) * November 15 – Tyrone Power, American actor (born 1914). * November 16 – Samuel Hopkins Adams, American writer (born 1871) * November 19 – Vittorio Ambrosio, Italian general (born 1879) * November 24 ** Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, English politician and diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (born 1864) * November 27 ** Artur Rodziński, Polish conductor (born 1892) ** Georgi Damyanov, Bulgarian Communist political, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly and head of the State (born 1892) * November 30 – Oscar C. Badger II, American admiral (born 1890)

December

Willie Applegarth and Sam Mussabini 1912

* December 1 – Boots Mallory, American actress (born 1913) * December 4 – José María Caro Rodríguez, Chilean Roman Catholic cardinal and eminence (born 1866) * December 5 ** Willie Applegarth, British Olympic athlete (born 1890) ** Patras Bokhari, Pakistani humorist (born 1898) * December 8 – Tris Speaker, American baseball player (Cleveland Indians) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (born 1888) * December 11 – Alberto Meschi, Italian anarchist (born 1879) * December 12 ** Slobodan Jovanović, Serbian intellectual and politician (born 1869) ** Milutin Milanković, Yugoslav mathematician, astronomer, climatologist and geophysicist, (born 1879) ** Albert Walsh, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (born 1900) * December 13 – Tim Moore (comedian), Tim Moore, American comedian (born 1887) * December 15 – Wolfgang Pauli, Austrian-born American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1900) * December 21 ** Lion Feuchtwanger, German novelist and playwright (born 1884) ** H. B. Warner, English actor (born 1876) * December 27 – Mustafa Merlika-Kruja, 16th Prime Minister of Albania (born 1887) * December 29 – Doris Humphrey, American dancer and choreographer (born 1895)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, and Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Frederick Sanger * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – George Wells Beadle, Edward Lawrie Tatum, and Joshua Lederberg * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Boris Pasternak, Boris Leonidovich Pasternak * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Georges Pire

References

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