Events
January
![Project Diana antenna](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Project_Diana_antenna.jpg)
*
January 6
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
- The
first general election ever in
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
is held.
*
January 7
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting.
* 1325 – Alfonso IV ...
– The Allies recognize the Austrian republic with its 1937 borders, and divide the country into four
occupation zones
Germany was already de facto occupied by the Allies from the real fall of Nazi Germany in World War II on 8 May 1945 to the establishment of the East Germany on 7 October 1949. The Allies (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and France ...
.
*
January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
** The first meeting of the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
is held, at
Methodist Central Hall Westminster
The Methodist Central Hall (also known as Central Hall Westminster) is a multi-purpose venue in the City of Westminster, London, serving primarily as a Methodist church and a conference centre. The building, which is a tourist attraction, also ho ...
in
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
.
** ''
Project Diana
Project Diana, named for the Roman moon goddess Diana, was an experimental project of the US Army Signal Corps in 1946 to bounce radar signals off the Moon and receive the reflected signals. This was the first experiment in radar astronomy a ...
'' bounces
radar
Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (''ranging''), angle, and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, w ...
waves off the Moon, measuring the exact distance between the Earth and the Moon, and proves that communication is possible between Earth and outer space, effectively opening the
Space Age
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events, beginning with the Sputnik_1#Launch_and_mission, launch of Sputnik 1 ...
.
*
January 11
Events Pre-1600
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence.
* 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muhamma ...
-
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha ( , ; 16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist politician who was the authoritarian ruler of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. He was First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania from 1941 unt ...
declares the
People's Republic of Albania
The People's Socialist Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika Popullore Socialiste e Shqipërisë, links=no) was the Marxist–Leninist one party state that existed in Albania from 1946 to 1992 (the official name of the country was the People's R ...
, with himself as
prime minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...
.
*
January 16
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire.
* 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
–
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...
resigns as head of the
French provisional government.
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
* 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
* 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
- The
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the Organs of the United Nations, six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international security, international peace and security, recommending the admi ...
holds its first session, at
Church House, Westminster
The Church House is the home of the headquarters of the Church of England, occupying the south end of Dean's Yard next to Westminster Abbey in London. Besides providing administrative offices for the Church Commissioners, the Archbishops' Council ...
in London.
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
** The
Bell XS-1 is test flown for the first time (unpowered), with Bell's chief
test pilot
A test pilot is an aircraft pilot with additional training to fly and evaluate experimental, newly produced and modified aircraft with specific maneuvers, known as flight test techniques.Stinton, Darrol. ''Flying Qualities and Flight Testing ...
Jack Woolams
Jack Valentine Woolams (1917–1946) - was the senior experimental test pilot and later chief test pilot at Bell Aircraft during the introduction of the P-39, P-63, P-59, and X-1 aircraft. He set a world record for altitude and was the first pe ...
at the controls.
** General
Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur (26 January 18805 April 1964) was an American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States, as well as a field marshal to the Philippine Army. He had served with distinction in World War I, was C ...
establishes the
International Military Tribunal for the Far East
The International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE), also known as the Tokyo Trial or the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal, was a military trial convened on April 29, 1946 to try leaders of the Empire of Japan for crimes against peace, conven ...
in Tokyo, to try Japanese war criminals.
*
January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
* 1156 &ndas ...
–
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...
resigns as
president of France
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...
.
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
**
Iran crisis of 1946
The Iran crisis of 1946, also known as the Azerbaijan Crisis () in the Iranian sources, was one of the first crises of the Cold War, sparked by the refusal of Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union to relinquish occupied Iranian territory, despite repeat ...
:
Qazi Muhammad
Qazi Muhammad ( ku, قازی محەممەد / Qazî Mihemed, fa, قاضی محمد; 1 May 1893 – 31 March 1947) was an Kurdish leader who founded the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan and headed the short-lived, Soviet-backed Republic of ...
declares the independent people's
Republic of Mahabad
The Republic of Mahabad or the Republic of Kurdistan ( ku, کۆماری کوردستان / Komara Kurdistanê; fa, جمهوری مهاباد) was a short-lived Kurdish self-governing unrecognized state in present-day Iran, from 22 January to 1 ...
, at the
Chahar Cheragh Square
Chahar Cheragh or Chuar-chira Square (Kurdish: ''چوارچرا, Çar Çira'', fa, میدان چهارچراغ) (meaning ''Square of the four candles''), is a public square in the centre of the city of Mahabad. It is now officially called Shahrd ...
in the
Kurdish
Kurdish may refer to:
*Kurds or Kurdish people
*Kurdish languages
*Kurdish alphabets
*Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes:
**Southern Kurdistan
**Eastern Kurdistan
**Northern Kurdistan
**Western Kurdistan
See also
* Kurd (dis ...
city of
Mahabad
Mahabad ( fa, مهاباد, ku, مەهاباد, translit=Mehabad), also Romanized as Mihābād and Muhābād and formerly known as Savojbolagh, is a city and capital of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its p ...
. He is the new president,
Haji Baba Sheikh
Haji Baba Sheikh ( ku, Hacî Baba Şêx – Bukan) was the Kurdish prime minister of the Republic of Mahabad. After the republic was conquered by the Iranian army in 1947, unlike Qazi Muhammad
Qazi Muhammad ( ku, قازی محەممەد / Qaz ...
is the
prime minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...
.
** The National Intelligence Authority, and its operational arm, the Central Intelligence Group, are established in the United States; these become part of the
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...
in
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
.
![Stamp Canada 1929 50c Bluenose](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Stamp_Canada_1929_50c_Bluenose.jpg)
*
January 28
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany.
* 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession o ...
– The Canadian schooner ''
Bluenose
''Bluenose'' was a fishing and racing gaff rig schooner built in 1921 in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia, Canada. A celebrated racing ship and fishing vessel, ''Bluenose'' under the command of Angus Walters, became a provincial icon for Nova Scotia and ...
'' found on a Haitian reef.
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
** The last session of the
Permanent Court of International Justice
The Permanent Court of International Justice, often called the World Court, existed from 1922 to 1946. It was an international court attached to the League of Nations. Created in 1920 (although the idea of an international court was several cen ...
occurs.
**
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
's
new constitution, modeling the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, establishes 6 constituent republics (
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
,
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
,
Macedonia,
Montenegro
)
, image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Podgorica
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, official_languages = M ...
,
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
and
Slovenia
Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, an ...
).
February
*
February 1
Events Pre-1600
* 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
* 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
**
Trygve Lie
Trygve Halvdan Lie ( , ; 16 July 1896 – 30 December 1968) was a Norwegians, Norwegian politician, labour leader, government official and author. He served as Norwegian foreign minister during the critical years of the Nygaardsvold's Cabinet, N ...
of Norway is selected, as the first
United Nations Secretary-General
The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.
The role of the secretary-ge ...
.
** The
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
becomes a
republic
A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...
, heavily influenced by the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
.
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
-
ENIAC
ENIAC (; Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer, completed in 1945. There were other computers that had these features, but the ENIAC had all of them in one packa ...
(for "Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer"), an early general-purpose electronic
computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to Execution (computing), carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as C ...
, is unveiled at the
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest-regarded universitie ...
; it weighs 60,000 pounds (over 27 tons), and occupies a big room.
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
– The
Gouzenko Affair
The Gouzenko Affair was the name given to events in Canada surrounding the defection of Igor Gouzenko from the Soviet Union in 1945 and his subsequent allegations regarding the existence of a Soviet spy ring of Canadian Communists. Gouzenko's d ...
: Canada announces the shocking discovery of a ring of Canadian communist spies based at the Soviet embassy in Ottawa, passing
atomic bomb
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bomb ...
secrets to Russia.
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– An explosion kills more than 400 coal miners in
Bergkamen
Bergkamen (; Westphalian: ''Biärgkoamen'') is a town in the district of Unna, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated south of the river Lippe, approx. north-east of Dortmund and south-west of Hamm.
Bergkamen, a fairly new town in ...
, West Germany.
*
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
* 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence.
* 13 ...
–
Juan Perón
Juan Domingo Perón (, , ; 8 October 1895 – 1 July 1974) was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President of a military dictatorship, he was elected P ...
is elected
president of Argentina
The president of Argentina ( es, Presidente de Argentina), officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation ( es, Presidente de la Nación Argentina), is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under Constitution of Ar ...
.
March
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
** British troops withdraw from
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
according to treaty; the Soviets do not.
**
Ho Chi Minh
(: ; born ; 19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), commonly known as ('Uncle Hồ'), also known as ('President Hồ'), (' Old father of the people') and by other aliases, was a Vietnamese revolutionary and statesman. He served as Prime ...
is elected President of
North Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
.
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
–
C. G. E. Mannerheim
Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (, ; 4 June 1867 – 27 January 1951) was a Finland, Finnish military leader and statesman. He served as the military leader of the White Guard (Finland), Whites in the Finnish Civil War of 1918, as List of reg ...
resigns as
president of Finland
The president of the Republic of Finland ( fi, Suomen tasavallan presidentti; sv, Republiken Finlands president) is the head of state of Finland. Under the Constitution of Finland, executive power is vested in the Finnish Government and the p ...
.
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
– In his speech at
Westminster College, in
Fulton, Missouri
Fulton is the largest city in and the county seat of Callaway County, Missouri, United States. Located about northeast of Jefferson City and the Missouri River and east of Columbia, the city is part of the Jefferson City, Missouri, Metropolita ...
,
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...
talks about the ''
Iron Curtain
The Iron Curtain was the political boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. The term symbolizes the efforts by the Soviet Union (USSR) to block itself and its s ...
''.
*
March 6
Events Pre-1600
* 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.
* 632 – The Farewell Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
* 845 & ...
–
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
:
Ho Chi Minh
(: ; born ; 19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), commonly known as ('Uncle Hồ'), also known as ('President Hồ'), (' Old father of the people') and by other aliases, was a Vietnamese revolutionary and statesman. He served as Prime ...
signs an agreement with France, which recognizes
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– The
18th Academy Awards
The 18th Academy Awards were held on March 7, 1946 at Grauman's Chinese Theatre to honor the films of 1945. Being the first Oscars after the end of World War II, the ceremony returned to the glamour of the prewar years; notably, the plaster sta ...
Ceremony is held.
Best Picture
This is a list of categories of awards commonly awarded through organizations that bestow film awards, including those presented by various film, festivals, and people's awards.
Best Actor/Best Actress
*See Best Actor#Film awards, Best Actress#F ...
goes to ''
The Lost Weekend''.
*
March 9
Events Pre-1600
*141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
*1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
* 1226 – ...
–
Juho Kusti Paasikivi
Juho Kusti Paasikivi (; 27 November 1870 – 14 December 1956) was the seventh president of Finland (1946–1956). Representing the Finnish Party until its dissolution in 1918 and then the National Coalition Party, he also served as Prime Ministe ...
becomes the 7th
President of Finland
The president of the Republic of Finland ( fi, Suomen tasavallan presidentti; sv, Republiken Finlands president) is the head of state of Finland. Under the Constitution of Finland, executive power is vested in the Finnish Government and the p ...
.
*
March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
*1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends ...
** The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
and Switzerland resume
diplomatic relations
Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...
.
**
French Guiana
French Guiana ( or ; french: link=no, Guyane ; gcr, label=French Guianese Creole, Lagwiyann ) is an overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France on the northern Atlantic ...
,
Guadeloupe
Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the ...
,
Martinique
Martinique ( , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Matinik or ; Kalinago: or ) is an island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France. An integral part of the French Republic, Martinique is located in th ...
and
Réunion
Réunion (; french: La Réunion, ; previously ''Île Bourbon''; rcf, label= Reunionese Creole, La Rényon) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France. It is located approximately east of the island ...
become
overseas ''départements'' of France.
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
* 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– The United Kingdom grants the
British protectorate of the
Emirate of Transjordan
The Emirate of Transjordan ( ar, إمارة شرق الأردن, Imārat Sharq al-Urdun, Emirate of East Jordan), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921, (later known as
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
) its independence by the
Treaty of London.
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
* 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– The
Gold Coast
Gold Coast may refer to:
Places Africa
* Gold Coast (region), in West Africa, which was made up of the following colonies, before being established as the independent nation of Ghana:
** Portuguese Gold Coast (Portuguese, 1482–1642)
** Dutch G ...
has an African majority in its parliament.
April
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
** The 8.6
Aleutian Islands earthquake shakes the
Aleutian Islands
The Aleutian Islands (; ; ale, Unangam Tanangin,”Land of the Aleuts", possibly from Chukchi language, Chukchi ''aliat'', "island"), also called the Aleut Islands or Aleutic Islands and known before 1867 as the Catherine Archipelago, are a cha ...
, with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VI (''Strong''). A destructive
tsunami
A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explo ...
reaches the Hawaiian Islands, resulting in many deaths, mostly in Hilo, Hawaii, Hilo. Between 165 and 173 are killed.
** The Malayan Union is formed.
** Singapore becomes a Crown colony.
* April 3 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed outside Manila in the Philippines, for leading the Bataan Death March.
* April 5 – A Fleet Air Arm Vickers Wellington 1946 Rabat Vickers Wellington crash, crashes into a residential area in Rabat, Malta, Rabat, Crown Colony of Malta, Malta during a training exercise, killing all 4 crew members and 16 civilians on the ground.
* April 10 – In Japan, women vote for the first time, during elections for the House of Representatives of the 90th Meiji Constitution, Imperial Diet.
* April 14 – ''Sh'erit ha-Pletah'' members of Nakam, the "Jewish Avengers", poison with arsenic bread baked in Nuremberg for Schutzstaffel, SS prisoners of war, held at Stalag XIII-D by the Americans.
* April 17 – Syria's independence from France is officially recognized.
* April 18
** The inaugural session of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) takes place at The Hague.
** The League of Nations, in its last meeting, transfers its mission to the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
and disbands itself.
** The United States recognizes Josip Broz Tito's government in
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
.
* April 28 – ''Kinderdorf Pestalozzi'' (Pestalozzi Children's Village) is established at Trogen, Switzerland, Trogen, Switzerland to accommodate and educate orphans of World War II, according to Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi's principles.
* April 29 – Trials against war criminals begin in Tokyo; the accused include Hideki Tōjō, Shigenori Tōgō and Hiroshi Ōshima.
May
* May 1 – At least 800 Indigenous Australian pastoral workers walk off the job in Northwest Western Australia, starting 1946 Pilbara strike, one of the longest industrial strikes in Australia.
* May 7 – Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering (later renamed ''Sony'') is founded, with about 20 employees.
* May 9 – King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy abdicates, and is succeeded by his son Umberto II of Italy, Umberto II.
* May 10
** Jawaharlal Nehru is elected leader of the Indian National Congress, Congress Party in India.
** The first V-2 rocket to be successfully launched in the United States is fired from White Sands Missile Range.
* May 21 – Manhattan Project physicist Dr. Louis Slotin accidentally triggers a fission reaction at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States and, although saving his coworkers, gives himself a lethal dose of hard radiation, making him the second victim of a criticality accident in history (the incident is initially treated as classified information).
* May 25 – The
Emirate of Transjordan
The Emirate of Transjordan ( ar, إمارة شرق الأردن, Imārat Sharq al-Urdun, Emirate of East Jordan), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921, becomes the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan when its parliament makes the ruling Abdullah I of Jordan, amir Abdullah their king on the day it ratifies the
Treaty of London.
* May 26 – 1946 Czechoslovak parliamentary election: Communists win with (38%), in the last election before communists take power.
* May 31 – A Greek referendum supports the return of the monarchy of Greece, monarchy.
June
![Allied Victory Parade in London, 1946 H42790](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Allied_Victory_Parade_in_London%2C_1946_H42790.jpg)
* June 1
** Ion Antonescu, prime minister and "Conducator" (Leader) of Romania during World War II, is executed; he was found guilty of betraying the Romanian people for benefits of Germany and sentenced to death by the Bucharest People's Tribunal.
** Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu, D'Argenlieu, French High Commissioner for Indo-China, recognizes an autonomous "Republic of Cochin-China" in violation of the
March 6
Events Pre-1600
* 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.
* 632 – The Farewell Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
* 845 & ...
Ho–Sainteny agreement, opening the way for conflict between the Viet Minh and France.
* June 2 – 1946 Italian institutional referendum: Italians vote to turn Italy from a monarchy into a republic. In the simultaneous 1946 Italian general election, the first since the end of World War II and also the first in which women are allowed to vote, the Christian Democracy (Italy), Christian Democracy party, led by Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi, wins most seats in the Constituent Assembly of Italy and forms a coalition government. Christian Democracy leads the Italian government continuously until 1981.
* June 3 – Interpol is re-founded; the telegraphic address "Interpol" is adopted.
* June 8 – In Indonesia, Sukarno incites his supporters to fight Dutch colonial occupation.
* June 9 – In Thailand, King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) accedes to the throne after the death of his elder brother, King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII). He will reign until his death on October 13, 2016.
* June 10 – Italy is declared a republic.
* June 13 – Umberto II of Italy leaves the country and goes into exile in Portugal; Alcide De Gasperi becomes head of state.
* June 14 – The Baruch Plan is proposed to the United Nations.
* June 17 – Formal ratification of the
Treaty of London grants independence to the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan.
* June 23
** The 7.5 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake, Vancouver Island earthquake affects the island, with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VIII (''Severe''). Two people are killed.
** 1946 French India municipal election: The National Democratic Front (French India), National Democratic Front wins a landslide victory.
* June 25 – The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (World Bank) begins operations.
* June 30 – The War Relocation Authority, which has administered the internment of Japanese Americans, is abolished.
July
* July 1 – Nuclear testing: Operation Crossroads, a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States and nuclear weapons, United States at Bikini Atoll in Micronesia, is initiated by the detonation of ''Able'' at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m).
![Operation Crossroads Baker Edit](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Operation_Crossroads_Baker_Edit.jpg)
* July 4
** After more than 48 years of American dominance, the Philippines attains full independence as the 3rd Republic; Manuel A. Roxas is 5th President of the Philippines.
** The Kielce Pogrom takes place in Poland.
* July 5 – The bikini is first modeled in Paris.
* July 16 – The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) within the Department of the Interior is formed by the merger of the Grazing Service and General Land Office.
* July 21 – An Irgun bomb explodes in Jerusalem, due to secretive talks between Jews and Britain to consolidate the state of Israel.
* July 22 – King David Hotel bombing: The Irgun bombs the King David Hotel (headquarters of the British civil and military administration) in Jerusalem, killing 90.
* July 25
** Nuclear testing: In the first underwater test of the
atomic bomb
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bomb ...
, the surplus is sunk near Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, when the United States detonates the ''Baker'' device during Operation Crossroads.
** At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.
** In the last mass lynching in the United States, a mob of white men 1946 Georgia lynching, shoot and kill two African-American couples, near Moore's Ford Bridge in Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia.
August
* August 1 - The Scandinavian Airlines System is founded as a consortium of the flag carriers of Sweden, Denmark and Norway.
* August 3 – Santa Claus Land opens to the public at Santa Claus, Indiana. It becomes the first themed park, preceding Disneyland by 9 years, and is later renamed Holiday World.
* August 4 – The 1946 Dominican Republic earthquake (magnitude 8.0) hits the northern Dominican Republic, killing 100 and leaving 20,000 homeless.
* August 7 – The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
escalates the Turkish Straits crisis through a diplomatic demand to Turkey.
* August 16
** Direct Action Day: Violence between Muslims and Hindus in Calcutta begins "The Week of the Long Knives", which leaves 3,000 dead.
** The All Hyderabad Trade Union Congress is founded in Secunderabad, India.
** The Kurdistan Democratic Party is founded in South Kurdistan.
* August 18 – The Vergarola explosion of ordnance in
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
kills 70.
* August 30 – Bell Aircraft, Bell's chief
test pilot
A test pilot is an aircraft pilot with additional training to fly and evaluate experimental, newly produced and modified aircraft with specific maneuvers, known as flight test techniques.Stinton, Darrol. ''Flying Qualities and Flight Testing ...
,
Jack Woolams
Jack Valentine Woolams (1917–1946) - was the senior experimental test pilot and later chief test pilot at Bell Aircraft during the introduction of the P-39, P-63, P-59, and X-1 aircraft. He set a world record for altitude and was the first pe ...
, dies in a plane crash while flying the Bell P-39 Airacobra, P-39 "Cobra I" over Lake Ontario preparing for an Air racing, air race the following day.
September
* September 1 – 1946 Turin Grand Prix, the first official Formula One, Formula One ''Grand Prix'', is held in Italy.
* September 2 – The Interim Government of India takes charge, with Jawaharlal Nehru as vice president, as part of the transition from the British Raj to full independence for India and Pakistan.
* September 4 – Street violence between Muslims and Hindus erupts in Bombay.
* September 8 – Bulgaria is declared a People's Republic after a referendum; King Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Simeon II leaves.
* September 19 – The Council of Europe is founded following a speech by Winston Churchill at the University of Zurich.
* September 24 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong, by American Roy Farrell and Australian Sydney de Kantzow.
* September 28
** 1946 Australian federal election: Ben Chifley's Australian Labor Party, Labor Chifley Government, Government is re-elected with a reduced majority, defeating the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition led by former Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister Robert Menzies. This is the first occasion where a Labor government successfully wins two elections in a row on a federal level, albeit with a swing against them; among the casualties are former Prime Minister Frank Forde. This is also the first election contested by the newly formed Liberal Party, which had replaced the United Australia Party as the main centre-right political party in Australia.
** George II of Greece returns to Athens.
October
* October 1 – Mensa International, Mensa, an international organization for people with a high intelligence quotient (IQ), is founded by Roland Berrill, an Australian-born lawyer, and Dr Lancelot Ware, an English biochemist and lawyer, in Oxford.
* October 2 – Communists take over in Bulgaria.
* October 6 – Sweden's Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson dies in office of a heart attack.
* October 10 – The Noakhali genocide of Hindus in Bengal begins, at the hands of Muslim mobs.
* October 11 – After a few days of vacancy, the Swedish premiership is taken over by Tage Erlander.
* October 13 – France adopts the constitution of the French Fourth Republic, Fourth Republic.
* October 14 – The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is founded.
* October 15 – Nuremberg trials: Hermann Göring, founder of the Gestapo and recently convicted Nazism, Nazi war criminal, poisons himself two hours before his scheduled execution.
* October 16
** The remaining ten Nazi war criminals sentenced to death at the Nuremberg trials are executed by hanging, in a gymnasium in the Palace of Justice, Nuremberg.
** The
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
' first meeting in Long Island is held.
* October 23 – The United Nations General Assembly convenes for the first time, at an auditorium in Flushing, Queens, New York City.
* October 24 – November 11 – 1946 Bihar riots: Hindu mobs target Muslim families in the Indian state of Bihar, resulting in anywhere between 2,000 and 30,000 deaths.
November
* November 4 – UNESCO is established, as a specialized agency of the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
.
* November 10 – At least 1,400 people are killed in an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter magnitude scale, in the Ancash Region and Quiches District in Peru.
* November 12
** A truce is declared between Indonesian nationalist troops and the Dutch army, in Indonesia.
** In Chicago, a branch of the Exchange National Bank (now part of the LaSalle Bank) opens the first 10 drive-up teller windows.
* November 15 – The Netherlands recognizes the Republic of Indonesia.
* November 19
** Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
.
** 1946 Romanian general election: The Romanian Communist Party wins 79.86% of the vote, through widespread intimidation tactics and electoral fraud.
* November 23
** Vietnamese riot in Haiphong and clash with French troops. The French cruiser ''Suffren'' opens fire, killing 6,000 Vietnamese.
** The Workers' Party of South Korea is founded.
* November 27 – Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru appeals to the United States and the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
to end nuclear testing and to start nuclear disarmament, stating that such an action would "save humanity from the ultimate disaster."
* November 29 – The SOBSI, All Indonesia Centre of Labour Organizations (SOBSI) is founded in Jakarta.
December
* December 1 – Miguel Alemán Valdés takes office as President of Mexico.
* December 2 – The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling is signed in Washington, D.C., to "provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry" through establishment of the International Whaling Commission.
* December 7 – A Winecoff Hotel fire, fire at the Winecoff Hotel in Atlanta, United States, kills 119.
* December 11 – UNICEF (the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund) is founded.
* December 12
** The
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
severs relations with Francisco Franco, Franco's Spain, and recommends that member countries sever diplomatic relations.
** Léon Blum founds a government of socialist parties in France.
**
Iran crisis of 1946
The Iran crisis of 1946, also known as the Azerbaijan Crisis () in the Iranian sources, was one of the first crises of the Cold War, sparked by the refusal of Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union to relinquish occupied Iranian territory, despite repeat ...
: Iranian troops recapture the Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan province.
* December 14
** The International Labour Organization becomes a specialized agency of the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
.
** Proposed United States purchase of Greenland#1946, Proposed United States purchase of Greenland from Denmark: An offer is made through diplomatic channels.
** Aspen Skiing Company opens Aspen Mountain (ski area) in Colorado with Ski Lift No. 1, at the world's longest chairlift at this time.
* December 15
** The first 1946 French India Representative Assembly election, French India Representative Assembly election is held.
**
Iran crisis of 1946
The Iran crisis of 1946, also known as the Azerbaijan Crisis () in the Iranian sources, was one of the first crises of the Cold War, sparked by the refusal of Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union to relinquish occupied Iranian territory, despite repeat ...
: Iranian troops recapture the Kurdish
Republic of Mahabad
The Republic of Mahabad or the Republic of Kurdistan ( ku, کۆماری کوردستان / Komara Kurdistanê; fa, جمهوری مهاباد) was a short-lived Kurdish self-governing unrecognized state in present-day Iran, from 22 January to 1 ...
.
* December 16 – Thailand, Siam joins the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
(changes its name to Thailand in 1949).
* December 19 – Viet Minh forces begin a First Indochina War, war against French occupying forces in
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, succeeding in 1954 with France's surrender at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu.
* December 20 – 1946 Nankai earthquake; At least 1,362 people are killed in an earthquake and associated tsunami in Japan.
* December 22 – The Havana Conference begins between U.S. organized crime bosses in Havana, Cuba.
* December 24 – France's French Fourth Republic, Fourth Republic is founded.
* December 25 – The first artificial, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in Europe is initiated, within the Soviet Union, Soviet (Russian) nuclear reactor F-1 (nuclear reactor), F-1.
* December 31 – U.S. President Harry S. Truman delivers Proclamation 2714, which officially ends hostilities in World War II.
Date unknown
* The cancelled 1946 FIFA World Cup.
* 8. March Female suffrage is enacted in Belgium, Romania,
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
, Argentina and the Canadian province of Quebec.
* The first female police officers are hired in Korea and Japan.
* The Chinese Civil War intensifies between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party.
* The British government takes emergency powers to deal with the balance-of-payments crisis.
* Eva Perón tours Spain, Italy and France on behalf of Argentina, a circuit called the Rainbow Tour.
* The 20 mm M61 Vulcan Gatling gun contract is released.
* The Casio company is founded by engineer Tadao Kashio in Japan.
Births
January
![Gene Siskel at the 61st Academy Awards cropped](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Gene_Siskel_at_the_61st_Academy_Awards_cropped.jpg)
* January 1
** Alfonso Caruana, Italian mobster
** Roberto Rivelino, Brazilian football player
* January 3
** John Paul Jones (musician), John Paul Jones, English rock bassist (Led Zeppelin, Them Crooked Vultures)
** Cissy King, American dancer, singer
* January 4 – Diana Ewing, American actress
* January 5 – Diane Keaton, American actress, film director (''Annie Hall'')
*
January 6
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
– Syd Barrett, English rock guitarist, singer and songwriter (Pink Floyd) (d. 2006)
* January 8 – Robby Krieger, American rock musician (The Doors)
* January 9
** Levon Ter-Petrosyan, President of Armenia
** Mogens Lykketoft, Danish politician
*
January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
** Kalidas Karmakar, Bangladeshi artist
** Ha Yu (actor), Ha Yu, Hong Kong actor
* January 12 – George Duke, African-American musician (d. 2013)
* January 14
** Feró Nagy, Hungarian singer
** Harold Shipman, British serial killer (d. 2004)
*
January 16
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire.
* 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
** Kabir Bedi, Indian actor
** Michael Coats, American astronaut
** Katia Ricciarelli, Italian singer
* January 18
** Paul Shmyr, Canadian former National Hockey League player (d. 2004)
** Joseph Deiss, Swiss Federal Councillor
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
** Julian Barnes, English novelist
** Dolly Parton, American singer-songwriter, actress, businesswoman and philanthropist
*
January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
* 1156 &ndas ...
– David Lynch, American film director
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
** Malcolm McLaren, English singer, songwriter, musician and music manager (d. 2010)
** Serge Savard, Canadian hockey player, executive
* January 23 – Arnoldo Alemán, President of Nicaragua
* January 24 – Michael Ontkean, Canadian actor (''The Rookies'')
* January 25 – Géza Bereményi, Hungarian writer, screenwriter and film director
* January 26
** Gene Siskel, American film critic (''Sneak Previews'') (d. 1999)
** Michel Delpech, French singer, songwriter and actor (d. 2016)
* January 27 – Nedra Talley, African-American singer (The Ronettes)
* January 29 – Bettye LaVette, African-American soul singer, songwriter
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
– Terry Kath, American rock musician (Chicago (band), Chicago) (d. 1978)
February
![Alan Rickman cropped and retouched](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Alan_Rickman_cropped_and_retouched.jpg)
*
February 1
Events Pre-1600
* 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
* 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
– Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (d. 2011)
* February 2
** Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea
** Blake Clark, American actor, comedian
* February 5 – Charlotte Rampling, British actress
* February 6
** Kate McGarrigle, Canadian singer, songwriter (d. 2010)
** Jim Turner (politician), Jim Turner, American politician
* February 7
** Sammy Johns, American country music singer, songwriter (d. 2013)
** Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (d. 2011)
* February 9 – Seán Neeson, Northern Irish politician
* February 13
** Joe Estevez, American actor
** Colin Matthews, British composer
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
** Bernard Dowiyogo, 7-time President of Nauru (d. 2003)
** Gregory Hines, African-American dancer, actor (d. 2003)
* February 16 – Marvin Sease, American blues, and soul singer-songwriter (d. 2011)
* February 19 – Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
** Brenda Blethyn, British actress
** Sandy Duncan, American singer, dancer, comedian and actress
** J. Geils, American guitarist (The J. Geils Band) (d. 2017)
* February 21
** Alan Rickman, English actor, film director (d. 2016)
** Anthony Daniels, English actor
** Vito Rizzuto, Italian-Canadian mobster (d. 2013)
** Monica Johnson, American screenwriter (d. 2010)
** Tyne Daly, American actress (Cagney & Lacey)
* February 26 – Jiří Bělohlávek, Czech orchestral conductor (d. 2017)
* February 25
** Andrew Ang, judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore
** Franz Xaver Kroetz, German dramatist
** Jean Todt, French motorsport manager
* February 26 – Ahmed Zewail, Egyptian-born chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
* February 27 – Alexandra Hamilton, Duchess of Abercorn, British aristocrat (d. 2018)
* February 28
** Don Ciccone, American singer, songwriter (The Critters) (d. 2016)
** Robin Cook, British politician (d. 2005)
** Don Francisco (Christian musician), Don Francisco, American Christian musician
** Syreeta Wright, African-American singer, songwriter ("With You I'm Born Again") (d. 2004)
March
![Alejandro Toledo (8682)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Alejandro_Toledo_%288682%29.jpg)
* March 1
** Jan Kodeš, Czech tennis player
** Lana Wood, American actress, producer
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
** Michael Ashcroft, English entrepreneur
** Haile Gerima, Ethiopian filmmaker
** Harvey Goldsmith, British impresario
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
** Murray Head, English singer, actor
** Lova Moor, French singer, dancer
*
March 6
Events Pre-1600
* 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.
* 632 – The Farewell Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
* 845 & ...
** Larry Huber, American television producer, animator
** David Gilmour, English rock musician (Pink Floyd)
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
** John Heard (actor), John Heard, American actor (d. 2017)
** Okko Kamu, Finnish conductor, violinist
** Leandro Mendoza, Filipino politician (d. 2013)
** Peter Wolf, American rock musician (The J. Geils Band)
* March 10 – Mike Hollands, Australian animator
* March 12
** Frank Welker, American voice actor, singer
** Liza Minnelli, American singer, actress
* March 13 – Yonatan Netanyahu, American-born Israeli Army officer (d. in Operation Entebbe) (d. 1976)
* March 14
** Álvaro Arzú, 32nd President of Guatemala (d. 2018)
** Wes Unseld, American basketball player (d. 2020)
* March 15 – Bobby Bonds, American baseball player, manager (d. 2003)
* March 17 – Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1995)
* March 18 – Larry Langford, American politician (d. 2019)
*
March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
*1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends ...
– Steve Halliwell, English actor
* March 21 – Timothy Dalton, Welsh actor
* March 25 – Cliff Balsom, English footballer
* March 26 – Gil Carlos Rodríguez Iglesias, Spanish judge (d. 2019)
* March 27
** Mike Jackson (left-handed pitcher), Mike Jackson, American baseball pitcher
** Miklós Lukáts, Hungarian politician (d. 2022)
* March 28 – Alejandro Toledo, 63rd President of Peru
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
* 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
** Segun Bucknor, Nigerian musician, journalist (d. 2017)
** Billy Thorpe, English-born Australian singer, songwriter (d. 2007)
* March 30 – Carolyn Simpson, judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales
* March 31
** Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 1984)
** F'Murr, French comics artist (d. 2018)
April
![9](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/9.16.13BillPlymptonByLuigiNovi1.jpg)
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
– Ronnie Lane, English musician (Small Faces, Faces (band), Faces) (d. 1997)
* April 2 – Hamengkubuwono X, Sultan of the historic Yogyakarta Sultanate in Indonesia, the current Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region
* April 3 – Hanna Suchocka, Prime Minister of Poland
* April 4 – Dave Hill, English guitarist (''Slade'')
* April 5
** Jane Asher, English actress
** János Bródy, Hungarian singer, guitarist, composer and songwriter
** Björn Granath, Swedish actor (d. 2017)
* April 7
** Colette Besson, French track and field athlete (d. 2005)
** Léon Krier, Luxembourgian architect
* April 8
** Catfish Hunter, American baseball player (d. 1999)
** Tim Thomerson, American actor and comedian
* April 10 – David Angell, American television producer (d. 2001)
* April 11 – Chris Burden, American artist (d. 2015)
* April 12 – Ed O'Neill, American actor (''Married... with Children'')
* April 13 – Al Green, African-American singer, songwriter and record producer
* April 15 – Marsha Hunt (actress, born 1946), Marsha Hunt, American actress, singer and novelist
* April 16 – Margot Adler, American journalist
* April 18 – Hayley Mills, English actress
* April 19 – Tim Curry, British actor, voice artist and singer (''The Rocky Horror Picture Show'')
* April 20
** Julien Poulin, Canadian actor
** Ricardo Maduro, President of Honduras
* April 22
** John Waters, American film director
** Paul Davies, English physicist
* April 24 – Phil Robertson, American businessman and reality television personality
* April 25
** John Fox (statistician), John Fox, British statistician
** Talia Shire, American actress (''Rocky'')
** Strobe Talbott, American journalist
** Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Russian politician (d. 2022)
* April 26
** Jennie Stoller, British actress (d. 2018)
** Richard S. Fuld Jr., American banker
* April 28 – Larissa Grunig, American public relations theorist, feminist
* April 29 – Franc Roddam, English film director, businessman, screenwriter, television producer and publisher
* April 30
** King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
** Bill Plympton, American animator, graphic designer, cartoonist, and filmmaker
May
![Irena Szewinska 2007 AB](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Irena_Szewinska_2007_AB.jpg)
* May 1 – Joanna Lumley, English actress, author
* May 2
** Lesley Gore, American rock singer ("It's My Party (Lesley Gore song), It's My Party") (d. 2015)
** Ralf Gothóni, Finnish pianist, conductor and composer
* May 3 – Mohammed Ibrahim (businessman), Mohammed Ibrahim, businessman and philanthropist
* May 4 – John Watson (racing driver), John Watson, Northern Irish racecar driver
* May 5
** Jim Kelly (martial artist), Jim Kelly, African-American actor, martial artist and tennis player (d. 2013)
** Kebby Musokotwane, Prime Minister of Zambia (d. 1996)
** Beth Carvalho, Brazilian samba singer, guitarist and composer (d. 2019)
* May 6 – Daouda Malam Wanké, 6th President of Niger (d. 2004)
* May 7
** Thelma Houston, African-American singer ("Don't Leave Me This Way")
** Bill Kreutzmann, American drummer (''Grateful Dead'')
** Michael Rosen, British novelist, poet
* May 9 – Candice Bergen, American actress
* May 10
** Donovan, Scottish rock musician ("Sunshine Superman (song), Sunshine Superman")
** Birutė Galdikas, Canadian anthropologist, primatologist, conservationist, ethologist and author
** Graham Gouldman, English songwriter, musician (10cc, Wax (pop band), Wax)
** Dave Mason, English rock musician (Traffic (band), Traffic)
** Murade Isaac Murargy, Mozambican diplomat, politician
* May 11 – Robert Jarvik, American physicist, artificial heart inventor
* May 12 – Richard Bruce Silverman, John Evans Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern University
* May 13 – Tim Pigott-Smith, English actor, author (d. 2017)
* May 16 – Robert Fripp, British musician
* May 17 – Udo Lindenberg, German musician
* May 18
** Reggie Jackson, American baseball player
** Andreas Katsulas, American actor (d. 2006)
* May 19
** André the Giant, French professional wrestler and actor (d. 1993)
** Claude Lelièvre, Belgian Commissioner for Children Rights
** Roger Sloman, English actor
* May 20
** Craig Patrick, American-Canadian hockey player, coach and manager
** Cher, American actress, rock singer
* May 22
** George Best, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2005)
** Howard Kendall, English footballer (d. 2015)
* May 23 – Frederik de Groot, Dutch actor
* May 24
** Tansu Çiller, Turkish politician, Prime Minister of Turkey
** Irena Szewińska, Polish Olympic sprinter (d. 2018)
** Nicolau dos Reis Lobato, East Timorese politician, acting President of East Timor (d. 1978)
* May 26 – Mick Ronson, English guitarist (d. 1993)
* May 28
** Bruce Alexander (actor), Bruce Alexander, English actor
** K. Satchidanandan, Malayalam poet
* May 29 – Fernando Buesa, Basque politician (d. 2000)
* May 30
** Dragan Džajić, Serbian footballer
** Candy Lightner, American founder of Mothers Against Drunk Driving
* May 31 – Adriana Bittel, Romanian writer
June
![Gilda Radner - 1980](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Gilda_Radner_-_1980.jpg)
* June 1 – Brian Cox (actor), Brian Cox, Scottish actor
* June 2
** Peter Sutcliffe, English serial killer (d. 2020)
** Tomomichi Nishimura, Japanese voice actor
* June 3 – Michael Clarke (musician), Michael Clarke, American musician (d. 1993)
* June 5 – Stefania Sandrelli, Italian actress
* June 7
** Jenny Jones (presenter), Jenny Jones, Palestinian-Canadian comedian, talk show hostess
** Zbigniew Seifert, Polish musician (d. 1979)
** Robert Tilton, American televangelist, author
* June 8 – Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of St. Lucia
* June 10 – Fernando Balzaretti, Mexican actor (d. 1998)
* June 11 – Biancamaria Frabotta, Italian writer (d. 2022)
* June 13 – Paul L. Modrich, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
* June 14 – Donald Trump, American businessman, television personality, 45th President of the United States
* June 15
** Noddy Holder, English rock singer (Slade)
** Janet Lennon, American singer (The Lennon Sisters)
** Demis Roussos, Greek singer (d. 2015)
* June 17 – Marcy Kaptur, U.S. Representative for the Ninth Congressional District of Ohio
* June 18
** Bruiser Brody, American professional wrestler (d. 1988)
** Russell Ash, British author (d. 2010)
** Fabio Capello, Italian football player, manager
* June 21
** Vincenzo Camporini, Italian Chief of the Defence General Staff
** Kiril Ivkov, Bulgarian football defender
* June 22
** Kay Redfield Jamison, American psychiatrist
** Fabio Enzo, Italian football player (d. 2021)
** Józef Oleksy, 7th Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2015)
* June 23 – Ted Shackelford, American actor
* June 24
** Nguyễn Đức Soát, Vietnamese general
** Ellison Onizuka, American astronaut (d. 1986)
** Robert Reich, 22nd United States Secretary of Labor
* June 25
** Pete Vanderwaal, Dutch engineer
** Henk van Kessel, Dutch road racer
* June 26
** Maria von Welser, German TV journalist, President of UNICEF Germany
** Anthony John Valentine Obinna, Nigerian priest
** Leo Rossi, American actor
** Ricky Jay, American actor, author, and magician (d. 2018)
* June 27 – Russ Critchfield, American basketball player
* June 28
** David Duckham, English rugby union player
** Gilda Radner, American comedian, actress (''Saturday Night Live'') (d. 1989)
** Jaime Guzmán, Chilean lawyer and senator, founder of the Independent Democratic Union (d. 1991)
* June 29
** Egon von Fürstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (d. 2004)
** Gitte Hænning, Danish singer
** Ram Gopal Yadav, Indian politician
** Ernesto Pérez Balladares, President of Panama
* June 30 – Allan Hunter (footballer), Allan Hunter, Irish footballer, manager
July
![Danny Glover 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Danny_Glover_2014.jpg)
* July 1
** Alceu Valença, Brazilian composer, writer, performer, actor, and poet
** Mireya Moscoso, President of Panama
* July 2 – Richard Axel, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
* July 3 – Leszek Miller, Prime Minister of Poland
* July 4
** Sam Hunt (poet), Sam Hunt, New Zealand poet
** Michael Milken, American financier
** Ed O'Ross, American actor
** Roy Cimatu, Filipino general
* July 5
** Gerard 't Hooft, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate
** Ram Vilas Paswan, Indian politician
* July 6
** George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States, 46th Governor of Texas
** Fred Dryer, American football defensive end, actor (''Hunter (1984 U.S. TV series), Hunter'')
** Tiemen Groen, Dutch cyclist
** Peter Singer, Australian philosopher
** Sylvester Stallone, American actor, screenwriter and film director (''Rocky'')
* July 7 – Tadeusz Nowicki, Polish tennis player
* July 8
** Massimo Vanni, Italian actor
** Daniela Beneck, Italian freestyle swimmer
* July 9
**Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (The Jimi Hendrix Experience) (d. 2008)
** Bon Scott, Australian rock singer (AC/DC) (d. 1980)
* July 10
** Oliver Martin (cyclist), Oliver Martin, American cyclist
** Sue Lyon, American actress (d. 2019)
* July 11
** Jean-Pierre Coopman, Belgian boxer
** Jack Wrangler, American porn star (d. 2009)
* July 12 – Ernesto Mahieux, Italian actor
* July 13
** João Bosco, Brazilian singer, songwriter
** Cheech Marin, Mexican-American actor, comedian (Cheech and Chong)
* July 14
** Vincent Pastore, American actor
** John Wood (actor, born 1946), John Wood, Australian actor
* July 15
**Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei
** Linda Ronstadt, American singer, songwriter ("You're No Good")
* July 16
** Toshio Furukawa, Japanese voice actor
** Dave Goelz, American puppeteer
** Monica Aspelund, Finnish singer
** Ron Yary, American football player
* July 17
** Claudia Islas, Mexican actress
** Alun Armstrong, English actor
* July 18 – Kanat Saudabayev, Kazakhstani politician
* July 19 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player
* July 20 – Htin Kyaw, 9th President of Myanmar
* July 21 – Domingo Cavallo, Argentine economist, politician
* July 22
** Danny Glover, African-American actor, film director and political activist
** Mireille Mathieu, French singer
** Petre Roman, 53rd Prime Minister of Romania
** Johnson Toribiong, 8th President of Palau
* July 23 – Sally Flynn, American singer
* July 25 – Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer
* July 27
** Gwynne Gilford, American actress
** Jacques Sylla, 12th Prime Minister of Madagascar (d. 2009)
* July 28 – Jonathan Edwards (musician), Jonathan Edwards, American singer, songwriter and guitarist
* July 29 – Ximena Armas, Chilean painter
* July 30
** Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
** A. Rahman Hassan, Malaysian singer (d. 2019)
August
![Queen Anne-Marie of Greece 2 Allan Warren](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Queen_Anne-Marie_of_Greece_2_Allan_Warren.jpg)
* August 1
** Mike Emrick, American sportscaster
** Sandi Griffiths, American singer
* August 3 – Jack Straw, English politician
* August 5
** Reinhard Tritscher, Austrian alpine skier (d. 2018)
** Ron Silliman, American poet
** Loni Anderson, American actress (''WKRP in Cincinnati'')
** Shirley Ann Jackson, African-American President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Chair of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board
* August 6 – Allan Holdsworth, British musician (d. 2017)
* August 8 – Ralph Gonsalves, 4th Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* August 9 – Jim Kiick, American football player
* August 11 – Óscar Berger, 34th President of Guatemala
* August 12 – Terry Nutkins, English naturalist (d. 2012)
* August 13 – Janet Yellen, American Chair of the Federal Reserve
* August 14 – Dennis Hof, American brothel owner (d. 2018)
* August 16
**Masoud Barzani, Iraqi-Kurdish politician, President of Iraqi Kurdistan
**Lesley Ann Warren, American actress, singer
* August 17 – Drake Levin, American rock guitarist (Paul Revere & the Raiders) (d. 2009)
* August 19
** Charles Bolden, African-American astronaut
** Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States, 40th and 42nd List of governors of Arkansas, Governor of Arkansas
** Beat Raaflaub, Swiss conductor
* August 20
** Connie Chung, Asian-American reporter
** Ralf Hütter, German techno musician (Kraftwerk)
** N. R. Narayana Murthy, Indian businessman
* August 23
** Keith Moon, English rock drummer (The Who) (d. 1978)
** Raza Murad, Indian actor
* August 24 – John Grahl, British economist
* August 25
** Rollie Fingers, American baseball player
** Charles Ghigna, American poet, children's author
* August 26
** Valerie Simpson, African-American singer
** Mark Snow, American composer
** Zhou Ji (born 1946), Zhou Ji, education minister of the People's Republic of China
** Swede Savage, American race car driver (d. 1973)
* August 29
** Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, 2nd President of Burundi (d. 2016)
** Bob Beamon, American athlete
** Demetris Christofias, 6th President of Cyprus (d. 2019)
** Leona Gom, Canadian novelist and poet
* August 30
** Queen Anne-Marie of Greece
** Peggy Lipton, American actress and model (d. 2019)
* August 31
** Ann Coffey, Scottish politician
** Jerome Corsi, American political commentator and conspiracy theorist
** Tom Coughlin, American football player, coach, and executive
September
![Siimann Mart](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Siimann_Mart.IMG_2960.JPG)
* September 1
** Barry Gibb, English-born Australian singer (Bee Gees)
** Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (d. 2009)
* September 2
** Luis Ávalos, Cuban-born American character actor (d. 2014)
** Billy Preston, African-American soul musician ("Nothing from Nothing (Billy Preston song), Nothing from Nothing") (d. 2006)
** Dan White, American politician, murderer (d. 1985)
* September 3
** John N. Abrams, American military officer (d. 2018)
** Francisco Trois, Brazilian chess player
* September 4
** Gary Duncan, American rock guitarist (Quicksilver Messenger Service) (d. 2019)
** Greg Elmore, American rock drummer (Quicksilver Messenger Service)
* September 5
** Dennis Dugan, American actor, director
** Freddie Mercury, British-Indian singer, songwriter, pianist, frontman of the rock band Queen (band), Queen (d. 1991)
** Loudon Wainwright III, American songwriter, folk singer, humorist, and actor
* September 7
** Willie Crawford, American baseball player (d. 2004)
** Francisco Varela, Chilean biologist (d. 2001)
* September 8
** Aziz Sancar, Turkish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
** Wong Kan Seng, Singaporean business executive, former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore
* September 9
** Doug Ingle, American rock vocalist (Iron Butterfly)
** Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (d. 2004)
* September 10
** Jim Hines, American athlete
** Don Powell, English rock drummer (Slade)
* September 12 – Neil Lyndon, British journalist, writer
* September 13 – Henri Kuprashvili, Georgian swimmer
* September 15
** Tommy Lee Jones, American actor (''Men in Black (1997 film), Men in Black'')
** Tetsu Nakamura, Japanese-Afghan physician (d. 2019)
** Oliver Stone, American film director, producer (''JFK (film), JFK'')
* September 16 – Camilo Sesto, Spanish singer-songwriter music producer and composer (d. 2019)
* September 18
** Peter Alsop, American musician
** Akira Kamiya, Japanese voice actor
* September 19 – Connie Kreski, American model (d. 1995)
* September 20 – Dorothy Hukill, American politician (d. 2018)
* September 21
** Mikhail Kovalchuk, Russian physicist, official
** Moritz Leuenberger, Swiss Federal Councilor
** Richard St. Clair, American musician, composer
** Mart Siimann, Prime Minister of Estonia
* September 23 – Franz Fischler, Austrian politician
* September 24
** Lars Emil Johansen, Prime Minister of Greenland
** María Teresa Ruiz, Chilean astronomer
* September 25
** Morari Bapu, Hindu Kathakaar
** Felicity Kendal, English actress
** Jerry Penrod, American bass player
* September 26
** Andrea Dworkin, American feminist, writer (d. 2005)
** Topo Igawa, Japanese actor
** Radha Krishna Mainali, Nepalese politician
** Christine Todd Whitman, American politician
* September 28 – Jeffrey Jones, American actor
* September 29
** Shafie Salleh, Malaysian politician (d. 2019)
** Celso Pitta, Brazilian economist and politician (d. 2009)
* September 30
** Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
** Claude Vorilhon, French-born 'messenger' of Raëlism
** Fran Brill, Muppeteer
** Lee Yock Suan, Former Minister for Education of Singapore
October
![DHall by Matthew Becker](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/DHall_by_Matthew_Becker.jpg)
* October 2
** General Sonthi Boonyaratglin, President of the Council for National Security, Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army
** Marie-Georges Pascal, French actress
* October 3 – P. P. Arnold, American singer
* October 4
** Susan Sarandon, American actress
** Rhie Won-bok, South Korean artist
** Chuck Hagel, American politician, 24 United States Secretary of Defense
* October 6
** Lloyd Doggett, American politician
** Vinod Khanna, Indian actor, producer and politician (d. 2017)
* October 7
** Nader Al-Dahabi, Prime Minister of Jordan
** Catharine MacKinnon, American feminist
** Xue Jinghua, Chinese ballerina
* October 8
** Hanan Ashrawi, Palestinian scholar, legislator
** John T. Walton, American son of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton (d. 2005)
* October 10
** Anne Boyd, Australian musician
** Mildred Grieveson, British writer
** Naoto Kan, 61st Prime Minister of Japan
** Charles Dance, English actor, screenwriter and film director
** Chris Tarrant, British radio, TV personality
* October 11
** Daryl Hall, American rock musician (Hall & Oates)
** Sawao Katō, Japanese gymnast
* October 12 – Drew Edmondson, American politician
* October 13
** Edwina Currie, English politician
** Dorothy Moore, American singer
** Demond Wilson, African-American actor, minister (''Sanford and Son'')
* October 14
** Craig Venter, American biotechnologist
**Dan McCafferty, Scottish rock singer (d. 2022)
** François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic
** Joey de Leon, Filipino actor, host
** Justin Hayward, English rock singer, songwriter (The Moody Blues)
* October 15
** Richard Carpenter (musician), Richard Carpenter, American pop musician, composer (The Carpenters)
** John Getz, American actor
* October 16
** Suzanne Somers, American actress, singer (''Three's Company'')
** Elizabeth Witmer, Dutch-born politician
* October 17
** Vicki Hodge, English actress, model
** Bob Seagren, American athlete, actor
* October 18
** James Robert Baker, American novelist, screenwriter
** Howard Shore, Canadian film composer
** Andrea Zsadon, Hungarian soprano
* October 19 – Philip Pullman, English author
* October 20
** Marty Gervais, Canadian writer
** Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate
* October 21 – Lyn Allison, Australian politician
* October 22
** Eileen Gordon, British politician
** Richard McGonagle, American actor
* October 25 – Edith Leyrer, Austrian actress
* October 26 – Pat Sajak, American game-show host (''Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show), Wheel of Fortune'')
* October 27
** Leslie L. Byrne, American politician
** Steven R. Nagel, American astronaut (d. 2014)
** Ivan Reitman, Slovakian-born film director, producer (d. 2022)
* October 28
** John Hewson, Australian politician
** Sharon Thesen, Canadian poet
* October 29
** Peter Green (musician), Peter Green, British musician (d. 2020)
** Kathryn J. Whitmire, Texas politician; Mayor of Houston, Texas
* October 30
** Lynne Marta, American actress
** Andrea Mitchell, American journalist
* October 31 – Stephen Rea, Northern Irish actor
November
![Marina Abramović](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87._The_Cleaner_%2845524492341%29.jpg)
* November 1
** Ric Grech, British rock bassist (d. 1990)
** Lynne Russell, American newsreader
* November 2
** Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor, composer (d. 2001)
** Marieta Severo, Brazilian actress
* November 4
** Laura Bush, former First Lady of the United States
** Les Lannom, American actor, musician
** Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)
* November 5
** Herman Brood, Dutch artist (d. 2001)
** Loleatta Holloway, American singer (d. 2011)
** Gram Parsons, American musician (d. 1973)
* November 6 – Sally Field, American actress, singer (''The Flying Nun'')
* November 7 – Diane Francis, Canadian journalist
* November 8
** Stefan Weber (musician), Stefan Weber, Austrian singer (d. 2018)
** Stella Chiweshe, Zimbabwean musician
** John Farrar, Australian guitarist, singer and songwriter (The Shadows; Marvin, Welch & Farrar)
** Guus Hiddink, Dutch football player, manager
* November 10 – Alaina Reed Hall, American actress (d. 2009)
* November 12 – P. P. Arnold, English singer
* November 13 – Ohara Reiko, Japanese actress
* November 15
** Gwyneth Powell, British actress
** Sandy Skoglund, American photographer
* November 16
** Mahasti, Iranian singer (d. 2007)
** Terence McKenna, American writer, philosopher, ethnobotanist and shaman (d. 2000)
** Jo Jo White, American basketball player (d. 2018)
* November 17 – Petra Burka, Canadian figure skater
* November 18
** Andrea Allan, Scottish actress
** Alan Dean Foster, American novelist
* November 20
**Duane Allman, American rock guitarist, co-founder and leader of the Allman Brothers Band (d. 1971)
** Samuel E. Wright, American actor and singer (d. 2021)
* November 21
** Emma Cohen, Spanish actress
** Chaviva Hošek, Czech-born feminist
** Jacky Lafon, Belgian actress
** Marina Warner, English writer
* November 22
** Anne Wheeler, Canadian television, film director
** Aston Barrett, Jamaican reggae musician
* November 23
** Diana Quick, English actress
** Bobby Rush, African-American politician, activist and pastor
* November 24 – Ted Bundy, American serial killer (d. 1989)
* November 25
** Atiku Abubakar, 11th Vice President of Nigeria
** Marika Lindström, Swedish actress
* November 26 – Ottilia Borbáth, Romanian-born Hungarian actress
* November 27
** Richard Codey, American politician, 53rd Governor of New Jersey
** Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, 2nd President of Djibouti
** Nina Maslova, Russian actress
* November 28 – Regina Braga, Brazilian actress
* November 29
** Brian Cadd, Australian singer, songwriter
** Suzy Chaffee, American singer, actress
* November 30
** Marina Abramović, Yugoslavian performance artist
** Barbara Cubin, U.S. Congresswoman from Wyoming
December
![Jimmy Buffett 1](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Jimmy_Buffett_1.jpg)
* December 1 – Jonathan Katz, American comedian, actor and voice actor
* December 2 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer (d. 1997)
* December 3
** Marjana Lipovšek, Slovenian singer, actress
** Joop Zoetemelk, Dutch cyclist
* December 4
** Sherry Alberoni, American actress, voice artist
** Yō Inoue, Japanese voice actress (d. 2003)
** Karina (Spanish singer), Karina, Spanish singer/actress
* December 5
** José Carreras, Spanish tenor
** Eva-Britt Svensson, Swedish politician
* December 6
** Roger Hoy, English footballer (d. 2018)
** Nancy Brinker, American health activist, diplomat
* December 8
** Jacques Bourboulon, French photographer
** John Rubinstein, American actor
** Sharmila Tagore, Indian actress
* December 9 – Sonia Gandhi, Indian politician
* December 10
** Chrystos, American poet
** Thomas Lux, American poet
* December 11
** Rhoma Irama, Indonesian dangdut musician, actor and politician
** Susan Kyle, American writer
** Ellen Meloy, American writer (d. 2004)
* December 12
** Emerson Fittipaldi, Brazilian racing car driver
** Gloria Loring, American singer
** Don Gummer, American sculpture, sculptor
* December 13
** Nicholas Kollerstrom, British writer
** Heather North, American television, voice actress (d. 2017)
* December 14
** Antony Beevor, English historian
** Jane Birkin, English actress, singer
** Patty Duke, American actress (d. 2016)
** Lynne Marie Stewart, American actress
** Michael Ovitz, American talent agent, co-founded Creative Artists Agency
* December 16
**Benny Andersson, Swedish rock singer, songwriter (ABBA)
** Alice Aycock, American sculptor
** Trevor Pinnock, English harpsichordist, conductor
* December 17
** Eugene Levy, Canadian actor, comedian and director (''Second City Television'')
** Bel Mooney, English broadcast journalist
** Jayne Eastwood, Canadian actress, voice actress
** Suresh Oberoi, Indian actor
* December 18
** Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 1977)
** Nina Škottová, Czech politician, member of the European Parliament
** Steven Spielberg, American film director (''Jaws (film), Jaws'')
* December 19
** Candace Pert, American neuroscientist
** Robert Urich, American actor (d. 2002)
* December 20
** Uri Geller, Israeli illusionist
** Sonny Perdue, American politician, 81st Governor of Georgia, 31st U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
** John Spencer (actor), John Spencer, American actor (d. 2005)
** Dick Wolf, American television producer
* December 21
**Brian Davison (cricketer), Brian Davison, Rhodesian cricketer, Tasmanian politician
** Carl Wilson, American musician (The Beach Boys) (d. 1998)
* December 23
** Edita Gruberová, Slovakian soprano (d. 2021)
** Susan Lucci, American actress (''General Hospital'')
** John Sullivan (writer), John Sullivan, English television scriptwriter (d. 2011)
* December 24
**Jan Akkerman, Dutch rock guitarist (Focus (band), Focus)
** Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, French politician, member of the European Parliament
** Brenda Howard, American bisexual activist (d. 2005)
** Jeff Sessions, American politician, United States Attorney General
* December 25 – Jimmy Buffett, American rock singer, songwriter ("Margaritaville")
* December 27 – Janet Street-Porter, English broadcast journalist
* December 28
** Mike Beebe, American politician and attorney
** Edgar Winter, American rock musician ("Frankenstein (instrumental), Frankenstein")
* December 29
** Marianne Faithfull, English singer, actress
** Ruth Shady, Peruvian archaeologist
* December 30
** Patti Smith, American poet, singer
** Berti Vogts, German football player and manager
* December 31 – Diane von Fürstenberg, Belgian-American fashion designer
Date unknown
* Ali Abu Al-Ragheb, Prime Minister of Jordan
* Jang Song-thaek, North Korean politician (d. 2013)
* Miklós Lukáts, Hungarian politician (d. 2022)
* Afsaneh Najmabadi, Iranian historian, gender theorist
* Raul Bragança Neto, 8th Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (d. 2014)
Deaths
January
* January 3 – William Joyce, Irish-born American World War II Nazi propaganda broadcaster known as "Lord Haw-Haw" (executed) (b. 1906)
* January 4 – George Woolf, Canadian jockey (b. 1910)
* January 5 – Kitty Cheatham, American singer (b. 1864)
*
January 6
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
** Georg, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1892)
** Slim Summerville, American actor (b. 1892)
* January 8 – Dion Fortune, British writer (b. 1890)
* January 9
** Countee Cullen, American poet (b. 1903)
** Nevil Macready, Sir Nevil Macready, British army general, police commissioner (b. 1862)
*
January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
** László Bárdossy, Hungarian diplomat, politician and 33rd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1890)
** Harry Von Tilzer, American songwriter (b. 1872)
* January 13 – Wilhelm Souchon, German admiral (b. 1864)
* January 15 – Karl Nabersberg, German youth leader (b. 1908)
* January 23 – Matteo Bartoli, Italian linguist (b. 1873)
* January 25 – Orishatukeh Faduma, American missionary (b. 1855)
* January 29
** Hideo Hatoyama, Japanese jurist (b. 1884)
** Harry Hopkins, American politician (b. 1890)
** Adriaan van Maanen, Dutch–born American astronomer (b. 1884)
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
* 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...
** Pietro Boetto, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and eminence (b. 1871)
** Luis Orgaz Yoldi, Spanish general (b. 1881)
February
![Imredybela](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Imredybela.jpg)
* February 2 – Rondo Hatton, American actor (b. 1894)
* February 5 – George Arliss, British actor (b. 1868)
* February 6
** Upendranath Brahmachari, Indian scientist (b. 1873)
** Oswald Kabasta, Austrian conductor (suicide) (b. 1896)
* February 8
** Felix Hoffmann, German chemist (b. 1868)
** Miles Mander, British actor (b. 1888)
* February 11 – Ludovic-Oscar Frossard, French socialist, communist politician (b. 1889)
* February 12 – George Dumas, French doctor, psychologist (b. 1866)
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
** Maliq Bushati, Albanian collaborator, 18th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1880)
** Cornelius Johnson (athlete), Cornelius Johnson, American field athlete (b. 1913)
* February 17
** Dorothy Gibson, American actress (b. 1889)
** Benjamin I of Constantinople, Benjamin I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 1871)
* February 19 – Rafael Erich, Finnish politician, professor, diplomat and 6th Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1879)
* February 21 – Theodore Stark Wilkinson, American admiral (b. 1888)
* February 23 – Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1885)
* February 25 – René Le Grèves, French cyclist (b. 1910)
* February 26 – Leo the Lion (MGM)#Jackie (1928–1956), Jackie, Nubian-born MGM lion (b. 1915)
* February 27 – James Cecil Parke, Irish rugby player, tennis player and golfer (b. 1910)
* February 28
** Béla Imrédy, Hungarian economist, politician and 32nd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1891)
** Giuseppe Salvago Raggi, Italian diplomat (b. 1866)
March
![Barbu Stirbey](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Barbu_Stirbey.jpg)
* March 3 – Viktor Axmann, Yugoslav architect (b. 1883)
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
** Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (b. 1886)
** Martyrs of Albania, Catholics (executed)
*** Mark Çuni, seminarian (b. 1919)
*** Daniel Dajani, Jesuit priest (b. 1906)
*** Giovanni Fausti, Italian Jesuit priest (b. 1899)
*** Gjelosh Lulashi (b. 1925)
*** Qerim Sadiku (b. 1919)
*** Kolë Shllaku, friar (b. 1906)
*
March 6
Events Pre-1600
* 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.
* 632 – The Farewell Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
* 845 & ...
– Antonio Caso Andrade, Mexican philosopher (b. 1878)
*
March 9
Events Pre-1600
*141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
*1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
* 1226 – ...
– Adolfo Ferrata, Italian pathologist, hematologist (b. 1880)
* March 12
** Ferenc Szálasi, Hungarian military officer, Fascist politician and 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (executed) (b. 1897)
** Leonida Tonelli, Italian mathematician (b. 1885)
* March 13 – Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (b. 1878)
* March 16
** José Júlio da Costa, Portuguese activist (b. 1893)
** Alladiya Khan, Indian singer (b. 1855)
* March 17 – Joseph de Pesquidoux, French writer (b. 1869)
*
March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
*1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends ...
– Augusto Nicolás Martínez, Ecuadorian agronomist, economist, geologist, researcher, educator and mountaineer (b. 1860)
* March 20 – Frederick M. Smith, American religious leader and author (b. 1874)
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
* 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– Clemens August Graf von Galen, German Catholic Cardinal, Bishop of Münster (b. 1878)
* March 23
** Francisco Largo Caballero, Spanish politician, trade unionist and 66th Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1869)
** Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist (b. 1875)
* March 24
** Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (b. 1892)
** Carl Schuhmann, German athlete (b. 1869)
** Barbu Știrbey, 30th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1872)
* March 26 – Ezequiel Fernández, acting President of Panama (b. 1886)
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
* 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– László Endre, Hungarian politician (b. 1895)
* March 31 – John Vereker, 6th Viscount Gort, British field marshal (b. 1886)
April
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
** Noah Beery, American actor (b. 1882)
** Edward Sheldon, American playwright (b. 1886)
* April 2 – Kate Bruce, American silent screen actress (b. 1858)
* April 3
** Alf Common, English footballer (b. 1880)
** Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1887)
* April 5
** Ion Boițeanu, Romanian general (b. 1885)
**Vincent Youmans, American composer (b. 1898)
* April 6
** Chief Thunderbird, Native American actor (b. 1866)
** James Young Deer, Native American film producer (b. 1876)
* April 7 – Padmanath Gohain Baruah, Indian novelist, poet and dramatist (b. 1871)
* April 8
** Bo Gu, 3rd General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (accident) (b. 1907)
** Patriarch Eulogius (Georgiyevsky), Eulogius (b. 1868)
* April 13 – William Henry Bell, English-born South African composer, conductor and lecturer.
* April 14 – Otto Dowling, United States Navy Captain (USN), Captain, 25th Governor of American Samoa (b. 1881)
* April 15
** Infanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimarães (b. 1858)
** C. W. A. Scott, English aviator (b. 1903)
* April 17
** Guido Calza, Italian archaeologist (b. 1888)
** Juan Bautista Sacasa, 20th President of Nicaragua (b. 1874)
* April 20 – Mae Busch, American actress (b. 1891)
* April 21 – John Maynard Keynes, British economist (b. 1883)
* April 22
** Lionel Atwill, British actor (b. 1885)
** Harlan F. Stone, United States Supreme Court/Chief Justice, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1872)
* April 28 – Robert Bartlett (explorer), Robert Bartlett, American explorer, and navigator (b. 1875)
* April 30 – Sava Athanasiu, Romanian geologist, paleontologist (b. 1861)
May
![Алексей Николаевич Бах](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85.jpg)
* May 1
** Bill Johnston (tennis), Bill Johnston, American tennis champion (b. 1894)
** Israfil Mammadov, Soviet WWII heroine (b. 1919)
* May 9 – Léon Guillet, French metallurgist (b. 1873)
* May 10 – Emile de Cartier de Marchienne, Belgian diplomat (b. 1871)
* May 11 – Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Dominican essayist, philosopher, humanist and philologist (b. 1884)
* May 13 – Alexei Nikolaevich Bach, Soviet biochemist, revolutionary leader (b. 1857)
* May 16
** Bruno Tesch, German chemist, Nazi war criminal (executed) (b. 1890)
** Karl Weinbacher, German manager, war criminal (executed) (b. 1898)
* May 19
** Francesco Camero Medici, Italian diplomat (b. 1886)
** Ángel Ossorio y Gallardo, Spanish lawyer, statesman (b. 1873)
** Booth Tarkington, American novelist (b. 1869)
* May 20
** Jacob Ellehammer, Danish inventor (b. 1871)
** Enrico Gasparri, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, archbishop (b. 1871)
* May 22 – Karl Hermann Frank, German Nazi official, war criminal (executed) (b. 1898)
* May 23 – Billy Sullivan (actor), Billy Sullivan, American actor (b. 1891)
* May 26
** Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (b. 1865)
** Joseffy, Austrian magician (b. 1873)
* May 27
** Claire Croiza, French soprano (b. 1882)
** Henri Hauser, French historian, geographer and economist (b. 1866)
* May 28 – Claus Schilling, German medical researcher and war criminal (executed) (b. 1871)
* May 29 – Cagnaccio di San Pietro, Italian painter (b. 1897)
* May 30
**Marcela Agoncillo, Filipino who sewed the first Filipino flag (b. 1860)
**Louis Slotin, Canadian physicist, chemist (b. 1910)
* May 31 – Picoğlu Osman, Turkish kemenche player (b. 1901)
June
![Retrato del Presidente Juan Antonio R%C3%ADos](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Retrato_del_Presidente_Juan_Antonio_R%C3%ADos.jpg)
* June 1
** Ion Antonescu, Romanian soldier, politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Romania and Romanian dictator (executed) (b. 1882)
** Leo Slezak, German tenor (b. 1873)
* June 3 – Chen Gongbo, 2nd President of Republic of China during Nanjing regime (executed) (b. 1892)
* June 4 – Sándor Simonyi-Semadam, Hungarian politician, 26th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1864)
* June 5 – Maud Watson, British tennis player, first female Wimbledon champion (b. 1864)
* June 6
** Isidro Ancheta, Filipino painter (d. 1882)
** Gerhart Hauptmann, German writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
* June 7 – Fabijan Abrantovich, Soviet civic, religious leader (b. 1884)
* June 9 – Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), Monarchy of Thailand, King of Thailand (assassinated) (b. 1925)
* June 10 – Jack Johnson (boxer), Jack Johnson, American boxer (b. 1878)
* June 11 – Juanita Breckenridge Bates, American minister (b. 1860)
* June 12 – Hisaichi Terauchi, Marshal of the Imperial Japanese Army (b. 1879)
* June 13 – Charles Butterworth (actor), Charles Butterworth, American actor (b. 1896)
* June 14
** Jorge Ubico, Guatemalan army general, 21st President of Guatemala (b. 1878)
** John Logie Baird, British television pioneer (b. 1888)
** Edward Bowes, American radio personality (b. 1874)
* June 15 – João Batista Becker, German-born Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate, archbishop (b. 1870)
* June 18 – Eugen Hirschfield, Australian practitioner (b. 1866)
* June 19 – Theodor Wulf, German physicist, Jesuit priest (b. 1868)
* June 20 – Empress Wanrong of China (b. 1906)
* June 23 – William S. Hart, American stage actor, silent film Western (genre), Western star, film director and writer (b. 1864)
* June 24 – Marian Bernaciak, Polish World War II heroine (b. 1917)
* June 27
** Juan Antonio Ríos, Chilean political figure, 24th President of Chile and World War II leader (b. 1888)
** Wanda Gág, American artist, author, translator and illustrator (b. 1893)
* June 28 – Antoinette Perry, American actress, director (b. 1888)
* June 30 – Jelica Belović-Bernardzikowska, Yugoslav journalist, writer and journalist (b. 1870)
July
![Shefqet Verlaci](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Shefqet_Verlaci.jpg)
* July 1 – Augustyn Józef Czartoryski, Polish nobleman (b. 1907)
* July 2
** Mary Alden, American stage, and screen actress (b. 1883)
** Albert Sechehaye, Swiss linguist (b. 1870)
* July 3 – Edoardo Bianchi, Italian entrepreneur, inventor (b. 1865)
* July 4
** Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, German Nazi overseer at Stutthof concentration camp (executed) (b. 1922)
** Elisabeth Becker, German Nazi overseer at Stutthof concentration camp (executed) (b. 1923)
** Wanda Klaff, German Nazi overseer at Stutthof concentration camp (executed) (b. 1922)
** Ewa Paradies, German Nazi overseer at Stutthof concentration camp (executed) (b. 1920)
** Gerda Steinhoff, German Nazi overseer at Stutthof concentration camp (executed) (b. 1922)
* July 7 – Federico Laredo Brú, 8th President of Cuba (b. 1875)
* July 8 – Orrick Glenday Johns, American writer (b. 1887)
* July 12
** Ray Stannard Baker, American journalist, author (b. 1870)
** Teresa Janina Kierocińska, Polish Discalced Carmelite nun and venerable (b. 1885)
* July 13 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (b. 1864)
* July 15 – Benjamin W. Alpiner, American businessman and politician (b. 1867)
* July 16 – Raffaele Conflenti, Italian engineer, aircraft designer (b. 1889)
* July 17
** Consolata Betrone, Italian Franciscan mystic and servant of God (b. 1903)
** Florence Fuller, South African-born Australian artist (b. 1867)
** Kosta Mušicki, Yugoslav general (b. 1897)
** Campbell Tait, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (b. 1886)
* July 18
** Ehrhard Schmidt, German admiral (b. 1863)
** Alfons Tracki, Albanian priest (executed) (b. 1896)
* July 19 – George Mackenzie Brown, Canadian-born British publisher (b. 1869)
* July 20 – Shiro Kawase, Japanese admiral (b. 1889)
* July 21
**Shefqet Vërlaci, Albanian politician, 12th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1877)
** Gualberto Villarroel, 39th President of Bolivia (Lynching, lynched) (b. 1908)
**Arthur Greiser, German general (b. 1897)
* July 22 – Edward Sperling, Russian-American-Jewish writer, Zionist (assassinated) (b. 1889)
* July 26 – Alexander Vvedensky (religious leader), Alexander Vvedensky, Soviet Russian Orthodox Church, Orthodox religious leader and blessed (b. 1889)
* July 25 – Harry Davis (gangster), Harry Davis, Canadian gangster (b. 1898)
* July 27
** Franz Anton Basch, German politician (b. 1901)
** Gertrude Stein, American writer (b. 1874)
* July 28 – Saint Saint Alphonsa, Anna Muttathupadathu, Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic and Eastern Catholic religious sister and saint (b. 1910)
* July 31 – Solomon Dias Bandaranaike, Ceylonese politician, Governor-General of Ceylon (b. 1862)
August
![H](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/H.G._Wells_by_Beresford.jpg)
* August 1 – Andrey Vlasov, Soviet general, commander of the Russian Liberation Army (executed) (b. 1901)
* August 2 – Karl, Prince of Leiningen, German prince (b. 1898)
* August 5
** Otto Franke (sinologist), Otto Franke, German sinologist (b. 1863)
** Wilhelm Marx, German lawyer, politician and 17th Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (b. 1863)
* August 6
** Blanche Bingley, English tennis champion (b. 1863)
** Tony Lazzeri, American baseball player (New York Yankees), MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1903)
* August 8 – Maria Barrientos, Spanish opera singer (b. 1884)
* August 10 – Léon Gaumont, French film pioneer (b. 1864)
* August 11 – Giuseppe Pietri, Italian composer (b. 1886)
* August 12
** Inayatullah Khan, King of Afghanistan (b. 1888)
** Alfred Stock, German chemist (b. 1876)
* August 13
** H. G. Wells, British science fiction writer, historian (''The Time Machine'') (b. 1866)
** Émile Berlia, French politician (b. 1878)
* August 16 – Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu (b. 1875)
* August 17 – Channing Pollock (writer), Channing Pollock, American playwright (b. 1880)
* August 19 – Jules-Albert de Dion, French automobile pioneer (b. 1856)
* August 20 – "Rags" Ragland, American comedian, actor (b. 1905)
* August 22 – Döme Sztójay, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1883)
* August 23 – Fulco Ruffo di Calabria, Prince Fulco Ruffo di Calabria (b. 1884)
* August 24 – James Clark McReynolds, American jurist (b. 1862)
* August 26 – Jeanie MacPherson, American actress (b. 1887)
* August 28
** Georgios Kafantaris, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1873)
** Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan, British field marshal (b. 1865)
** Florence Turner, American actress (b. 1885)
* August 29 – John Steuart Curry, American painter (b. 1897)
September
![Don Francesco Bonifacio](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Don_Francesco_Bonifacio.jpg)
* September 3 – Paul Lincke, German composer (b. 1866)
*September 4 - Nobu Shirase, Japanese army officer and Antarctic explorer (b. 1861)
* September 11 – Francesco Bonifacio, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (killed in action) (b. 1912)
* September 13 – William Watt (Australian politician), William Watt, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (b. 1871)
* September 16
** Henri Gouraud (general), Henri Gouraud, French general (b. 1867)
** James Hopwood Jeans, English physicist, astronomer and mathematician (b. 1877)
* September 24 – Gustav Globočnik Edler von Vojka, Austro-Hungarian nobleman and field marshal (b. 1859)
* September 25 – Heinrich George, German actor (b. 1893)
* September 29 – Raimu, French actor (b. 1883)
* September 30 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1887)
October
![Bundesarchiv Bild 102-15607, Potsdam, Göring](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-15607%2C_Potsdam%2C_G%C3%B6ring.jpg)
* October 1
** Hiroshi Kawabuchi, Japanese politician (b. 1883)
** Lucy Wheelock, American early childhood education pioneer (b. 1857)
* October 2 – Ignacy Mościcki, Polish chemist, politician and 4th President of Poland (b. 1867)
* October 4 – Barney Oldfield, American race car driver, automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
* October 5
** István Bethlen, Hungarian aristocrat, statesman and 28th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1874)
** Alberto Marvelli, Italian member of the Roman Catholic action and blessed (b. 1918)
* October 6
** Per Albin Hansson, Swedish politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1885)
** Joseph Francis Sartori, American banker (b. 1858)
* October 8 – Agustín Parrado y García, Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1872)
* October 12 – Joseph Stilwell, American World War II general (b. 1883)
* October 15 – Hermann Göring, German Nazi Reichsmarschall (suicide) (b. 1893)
* October 16
** Nuremberg executions
*** Hans Frank, German Nazi Governor General of Poland (b. 1900)
*** Wilhelm Frick, German Nazi Minister of the Interior (b. 1877)
*** Alfred Jodl, German general, World War II Chief of the German armed forces (b. 1890)
*** Ernst Kaltenbrunner, German Nazi police general (b. 1903)
*** Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal (b. 1882)
*** Joachim von Ribbentrop, German Nazi foreign minister (b. 1893)
*** Alfred Rosenberg, German Nazi ideologist (b. 1893)
*** Fritz Sauckel, German Nazi general plenipotentiary (b. 1892)
*** Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)
*** Julius Streicher, German Nazi propaganda publisher (b. 1885)
* October 20 – Igor Demidov, Soviet politician (b. 1873)
* October 23 – Francesco Carandini, Italian poet (b. 1858)
* October 24 – Kurt Daluege, German Nazi officer, SS general and police official, war criminal (executed) (b. 1897)
* October 27 - Nathan Francis Mossell, African-American physician (b. 1856)
November
* November 2 – John Barrett (bishop), John Barrett, British clergyman, Roman Catholic bishop and reverend (b. 1878)
* November 4 – Rüdiger von der Goltz, German general (b. 1865)
* November 5 – Joseph Stella, Italian-American painter (b. 1877)
* November 6 – Maria Innocentia Hummel, German Franciscan religious sister and blessed (b. 1909)
* November 7 – Henry Lehrman, American actor (b. 1886)
* November 10 – Baldassare Forestiere, Italian immigrant to America (b. 1879)
* November 11 – Nikolay Burdenko, Soviet surgeon, founder of Soviet neurosurgery (b. 1876)
* November 12 – Camillo Caccia Dominioni, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, eminence (b. 1877)
* November 14 – Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (b. 1876)
* November 18 – Donald Meek, British actor (b. 1878)
* November 24 – László Moholy-Nagy, Hungarian painter, photographer (b. 1895)
* November 25 – George Gandy, American entrepreneur (b. 1851)
* November 26 – Sultana Racho Petrova, Bulgarian memoirist (b. 1869)
* November 28 – Maria Izabela Wiłucka-Kowalska, Polish Roman Catholic religious leader, saint (b. 1890)
December
![W](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/W._C._Fields_1938.jpg)
* December 5 – Louis Dewis, Belgian Post-Impressionist Painting, painter (b. 1872)
* December 6 – Charles Stewart (premier), Charles Stewart, Canadian politician, Premier of Alberta (b. 1868)
* December 7
** Laurette Taylor, American actress (b. 1884)
** Sada Yacco, Japanese stage actress (b. 1871)
* December 10
** Walter Johnson, American baseball player (Washington Senators (1901–60), Washington Senators), MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1887)
** Damon Runyon, American writer (b. 1880)
* December 12
** Ben Carter (actor), Ben Carter, American actor (b. 1910)
** Renée Falconetti, French actress (b. 1892)
* December 14 – Tom Dowse, Irish major league baseball player in the 1890s (b. 1866)
* December 16 – Salman al-Murshid, Syrian religious leader, political figure (b. 1907)
* December 20 – Einosuke Harada, Japanese ophthalmologist (b. 1892)
* December 22 – Pierre Bénard, French journalist (b. 1898)
* December 23 – John A. Sampson, American gynecologist (b. 1873)
* December 25
** W. C. Fields, American actor, comedian (b. 1880)
** Henri Le Fauconnier, French painter (b. 1881)
* December 26 – Franjo Bučar, Yugoslav writer (b. 1866)
* December 27 – Pedro Mata Dominguez, Spanish novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1875)
* December 28
** Carrie Jacobs-Bond, American singer, songwriter (b. 1862)
** Francis Salabert, French publisher (b. 1884)
* December 29 – John Babington Macaulay Baxter, Canadian politician, 19th Premier of New Brunswick (b. 1858)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Percy Williams Bridgman
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – James B. Sumner, John Howard Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Hermann Joseph Muller
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Hermann Hesse
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Emily Greene Balch, John Mott
References
Further reading
* Goulden, Joseph C. ''The Best Years: 1945–1950'' (1976), popular social history of USA
* Hennessy, Peter. ''Never Again: Britain, 1945–1951'' (1994)), a scholarly survey.
* Kynaston, David. ''Austerity Britain, 1945–1951'' (2008
excerpt and text search a detaied social history.
* Sebestyen, Victor. ''1946: The Making of the Modern World'' (2015
excerpt* Weisbrode, Kenneth. ''The Year of Indecision, 1946: A Tour Through the Crucible of Harry Truman's America'' (2016
excerpt
External links
Newsreel May 23, 1946: Rail strike paralyzes the United StatesNewsreel May 29, 1946: End of U.S. coal strike
{{Authority control
1946,