Events

January–February

* January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. *

January 15 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. * 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...

– The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. * January 26 – A 10-year German–Polish declaration of non-aggression is signed by Nazi Germany and the

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of ...

. *

January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...

** In Nazi Germany, the political power of federal states such as Prussia is substantially abolished, by the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (''Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches''). ** Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, signs the Gold Reserve Act: all gold held in the Federal Reserve is to be surrendered to the United States Department of the Treasury; immediately following, the President raises the statutory gold price from US$20.67 per ounce to $35. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

– French political crisis: The French far-right leagues rally in front of the Palais Bourbon, in an attempted coup d'état against the Third Republic. * February 9 ** Gaston Doumergue forms a new government in France. ** Greece, Romania, Turkey and Yugoslavia form the Balkan Pact. * February 12 – 16 –

Austrian Civil War The Austrian Civil War (german: Österreichischer Bürgerkrieg), also known as the February Uprising (german: Februarkämpfe), was a few days of skirmishes between Austrian government and socialist forces between 12 and 16 February 1934, in Aust ...

: The Fatherland Front consolidates its power, in a series of clashes across the country. * February 16 – The Commission of Government is sworn in, as a form of direct rule for the

Dominion of Newfoundland Newfoundland was a British dominion in eastern North America, today the modern Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It was established on 26 September 1907, and confirmed by the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and the Statute of Westmi ...

. * February 21 – Augusto César Sandino is assassinated in Managua, by the National Guard. *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...

– King

Leopold III of Belgium Leopold III (3 November 1901 – 25 September 1983) was King of the Belgians from 23 February 1934 until his abdication on 16 July 1951. At the outbreak of World War II, Leopold tried to maintain Belgian neutrality, but after the German invasi ...

succeeds to the throne, following the death (February 17) of his father King

Albert I Albert I may refer to: People Born before 1300 * Albert I, Count of Vermandois (917–987) *Albert I, Count of Namur () *Albert I of Moha *Albert I of Brandenburg (), first margrave of Brandenburg *Albert I, Margrave of Meissen (1158–1195) *Alber ...

March–April

* March 1 – Manchuria becomes

Manchukuo Manchukuo, officially the State of Manchuria prior to 1934 and the Empire of (Great) Manchuria after 1934, was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China, Manchuria from 1932 until 1945. It was founded as a republic in 1932 afte ...

, following an invasion by the Japanese. *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...

– Prime Minister Konstantin Päts stages a self-coup by declaring a state of emergency in Estonia, with the approval of the parliament. * March 13 – John Dillinger and his gang rob the First National Bank in Mason City, Iowa, United States, stealing $52,000. * March 20 – The

Great Hakodate Fire The Great Fire of Hakodate () is a fire that broke out in Hakodate, Hokkaido in Japan on March 21, 1934. It is one of the worst city fires in Japan. Overview On March 21, 1934 a fire was started in a house located within the Sumiyoshi area, Hak ...

kills at least 2,166 people in southern Hokkaido, Japan. * March 24 – The Tydings–McDuffie Act is passed, allowing the Philippines a greater degree of self-government from the United States. *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

– The "surgeon's photograph" of the Loch Ness Monster, taken in Scotland by London gynaecologist Robert Kenneth Wilson and in 1994 admitted to be a

hoax A hoax is a widely publicized falsehood so fashioned as to invite reflexive, unthinking acceptance by the greatest number of people of the most varied social identities and of the highest possible social pretensions to gull its victims into pu ...

, is published in the ''

Daily Mail The ''Daily Mail'' is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper and news websitePeter Wilb"Paul Dacre of the Daily Mail: The man who hates liberal Britain", ''New Statesman'', 19 December 2013 (online version: 2 January 2014) publish ...

'' London national newspaper.

May–June

* May 1 – The May Constitution of 1934 heralds the beginning of the

Austrofascist The Federal State of Austria ( de-AT, Bundesstaat Österreich; colloquially known as the , "Corporate State") was a continuation of the First Austrian Republic between 1934 and 1938 when it was a one-party state led by the clerical fascist Fa ...

Federal State of Austria. * May 15 – Kārlis Ulmanis establishes an authoritarian government in

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

. * May 19 – Kimon Georgiev stages a coup d'état in Bulgaria. * May 23 – American outlaws

Bonnie and Clyde Bonnie Elizabeth Parker (October 1, 1910May 23, 1934) and Clyde Chestnut (Champion) Barrow (March 24, 1909May 23, 1934) were an American criminal couple who traveled the Central United States with their gang during the Great Depression. The co ...

are ambushed and killed by police in Bienville Parish, Louisiana. * May 28 – Near Callander, Ontario, Canada, the Dionne quintuplets are born to Oliva and Elzire Dionne, becoming the first quintuplets to survive infancy. * June 10 – Italy beats Czechoslovakia 2–1 after extra time, to win the 1934 World Cup, staged in Italy. * June 14 – Adolf Hitler and

Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 194 ...

meet for the first time, at the Venice Biennale. * June 18 – The

Indian Reorganization Act The Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of June 18, 1934, or the Wheeler–Howard Act, was U.S. federal legislation that dealt with the status of American Indians in the United States. It was the centerpiece of what has been often called the "Indian ...

is enacted. * June 27 – The Emir of Yemen and Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia conclude a peace treaty. * June 30 – July 2 – Night of the Long Knives in Germany:

Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...

purge the ''

Sturmabteilung The (; SA; literally "Storm Detachment") was the original paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party. It played a significant role in Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the 1920s and 1930s. Its primary purposes were providing protection for Nazi ral ...

'' (SA), the left-wing Strasserist faction of the Nazi Party, and prominent conservative anti-Nazis, in a series of political murders. * June 30 – The Nazi Party SA camp Oranienburg becomes a national camp, taken over by the '' Schutzstaffel'' (SS).

July–August

* July 13 – Hitler gives a speech to the Reichstag, justifying his purge. * July 25 – July Putsch: Austrian

assassinate chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss, during a failed coup attempt. *

August 2 Events Pre-1600 *338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. *216 BC – The Carthaginian arm ...

– Adolf Hitler becomes '' Führer'' of Germany, or head of state combined with that of Chancellor, following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg. * August 8 – The Wehrmacht swears a personal oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler. * August 15 – The United States Marine Corps leaves

Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...

. * August 19 –

1934 German referendum A referendum on merging the posts of Chancellor and President was held in Nazi Germany on 19 August 1934, Dieter Nohlen and Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A Data Handbook'', p. 762, . seventeen days after the death of President Paul ...

: In a referendum, 90% of the German population approves of Hitler's assumption of presidential powers, as Führer and Reichskanzler.

September–October

Bundesarchiv Bild 102-16196, Nürnberg, Reichsparteitag, SA- und SS-Appell

* September 4 – Evelyn Waugh's novel '' A Handful of Dust'' was first published in full. * September 5 – 10 – The 6th Nuremberg Rally is staged by the German Nazi Party. * September 8 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner kills 134 people. * September 15 –

1934 Australian federal election The 1934 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 15 September 1934. All 74 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent United Australia Party led by Prime Minister ...

Joseph Lyons Joseph Aloysius Lyons (15 September 1879 – 7 April 1939) was an Australian politician who served as the List of prime ministers of Australia by time in office, 10th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1932 until his death in 1939. He ...

' UAP Government is re-elected with a decreased majority, defeating the Labor Party, led by former Prime Minister James Scullin. Consequently, Lyons is forced to resume the

Coalition A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces. Formation According to ''A Gui ...

with the Country Party, and include them in his government. Scullin steps down from the Labor leadership shortly after; he is replaced by future Prime Minister John Curtin. * September 19 ** The Soviet Union joins the League of Nations. ** Bruno Richard Hauptmann is arrested in connection with the Lindbergh kidnapping case in the U.S. * September 21 – The

Muroto typhoon In September 1934, a violent typhoon caused tremendous devastation in Japan, leaving more than 3,000 people dead in its wake. Dubbed the , the system was first identified on September 13 over the western Federated States of Microne ...

Honshū , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separa ...

, Japan kills 3,036 people, and destroys the temple, schools, and other buildings in Osaka. * September 22 – A gas explosion at Gresford Colliery in Wrexham, north-east Wales, kills 266 miners and rescuers. *

September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...

– Afghanistan joins the League of Nations. * October 2 – A typhoon in Osaka and Kyoto, Japan, kills 1,660, injures 5,400, and destroys the rice harvest. * October 6 – Events of October the 6th: the President of Catalonia,

Lluís Companys Lluís Companys i Jover (; 21 June 1882 – 15 October 1940) was a Catalan politician who served as president of Catalonia from 1934 and during the Spanish Civil War. Companys was a lawyer close to labour movement and one of the most prominent l ...

, declares the Catalan State of the Spanish Federal Republic, but Spanish troops swiftly crush the Catalan forces, and arrest him and the members of the Catalan government. The autonomy of Catalonia is suspended until

1936 Events January–February * January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...

. * October 9 – King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French foreign minister Louis Barthou are assassinated, during the king's state visit in Marseille. * October 16 – The Long March of the

People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the principal military force of the People's Republic of China and the armed wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The PLA consists of five service branches: the Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, ...

of the Chinese Communist Party begins. * October 20 – November 3 – Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first eastward crossing of the Pacific Ocean, from his native Brisbane, Australia, to San Francisco, in the Lockheed Altair '' Lady Southern Cross''. The November 3 Hawaii–San Francisco leg is the first eastward flight from Hawaii to North America. * October 20 – November 5 – The MacRobertson Air Race is flown from RAF Mildenhall in England to Melbourne, Australia, to celebrate the centenary of the state of Victoria. The overall winner is the British de Havilland DH.88 Comet G-ACSS ''Grosvenor House'', flown by C. W. A. Scott and Tom Campbell Black.

November–December

* November 23 – An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the

Ogaden Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled ''Ogadēn''; so, Ogaadeen, am, ውጋዴ/ውጋዴን) is one of the historical names given to the modern Somali Region, the territory comprising the eastern portion of Ethiopia formerly part of the Harargh ...

discovers an Italian garrison at

Walwal Welwel (, also transliterated Walwaal; ), is a town in eastern Ethiopia known as the Ogaden. Located in the Werder Zone of the Somali Region, this town has a longitude and latitude of with an elevation of 570 meters above sea level. Welwel has a ...

, which lies well within Ethiopian territory. This encounter leads to the Abyssinia Crisis. * November 27– Daniel Salamanca Urey, President of Bolivia, is deposed in a military coup, and replaced by José Luis Tejada Sorzano. * December 2 – The continental jazz group Quintette du Hot Club de France first performs in Paris, led by guitarist Django Reinhardt, with violinist Stéphane Grappelli. * December 5 – Abyssinia Crisis: Ethiopian and Italian troops exchange gunfire. Reported casualties for the Ethiopians are 150, and for the Italians 50. * December 21 – ''

Lieutenant Kijé Lieutenant Kijé or Kizhe (russian: Пору́чик Киже́, translit. Poruchik Kizhe), originally Kizh (Киж), is a fictional character in an anecdote about the reign of Emperor Paul I of Russia, in which the cover up of a transcript ...

'', one of Sergei Prokofiev's best-known works, premiered. * December 27 – Persia becomes Iran. * December 29 – Japan renounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, and the

London Naval Treaty The London Naval Treaty, officially the Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armament, was an agreement between the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, and the United States that was signed on 22 April 1930. Seeking to address is ...

of 1930.

Date unknown

* Winter – Tadj ol-Molouk, Empress consort of Iran, and her daughters appear publicly in Tehran without a veil, leading to its abolition in the country. * Abidjan becomes the capital of the French colony of

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is ...

. * The sonoluminescence effect is discovered, at the University of Cologne. * The Australian frontier wars end, after 146 years. * The Yomiuri Giants, a successful professional baseball club in Japan, is founded in Tokyo.

Births

January

January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – Engli ...

– Rudolf Schuster, 2nd President of Slovakia * January 5 – Eddy Pieters Graafland, Dutch football goalkeeper (d.

2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, social and Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, COVID- ...

) *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...

** Charles Jenkins, American sprinter ** Tassos Papadopoulos, Cypriot politician, 5th President of Cyprus (d.

2008 File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...

) *

January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...

– Jacques Anquetil, French road cyclist (d.

1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...

) *

January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...

– Leonid Kravchuk, President of Ukraine (d.

2022 File:2022 collage V1.png, Clockwise, from top left: Road junction at Yamato-Saidaiji Station several hours after the assassination of Shinzo Abe; 2022 Sri Lankan protests, Anti-government protest in Sri Lanka in front of the Presidential Secretari ...

) * January 11 –

Jean Chrétien Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (; born January 11, 1934) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 20th prime minister of Canada from 1993 to 2003. Born and raised in Shawinigan Falls, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Uni ...

, 20th Prime Minister of Canada *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

** Richard Briers, English actor (d.

2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...

) ** Pierre Darmon, French tennis player *

January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...

– Marilyn Horne, American mezzo-soprano * January 17 –

Cedar Walton Cedar Anthony Walton Jr. (January 17, 1934 – August 19, 2013) was an American hard bop jazz pianist. He came to prominence as a member of drummer Art Blakey's band, The Jazz Messengers, before establishing a long career as a bandleader and com ...

, American jazz pianist (d.

) * January 18 – Raymond Briggs, British writer and illustrator (d.

) *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

– Tom Baker, British actor * January 21 – Ann Wedgeworth, American actress (d.

2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...

) *

January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...

–

Bill Bixby Wilfred Bailey Everett Bixby III (January 22, 1934 – November 21, 1993) professionally known as Bill Bixby, was an American actor, director, producer, and frequent game-show panellist. Bixby's career spanned more than three decades, includi ...

, American actor and director (d.

1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peace ...

) * January 24 – Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet and dramatist (d.

1976 Events January * January 3 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 11 – The 1976 Phila ...

) *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...

– Édith Cresson,

Prime Minister of France The prime minister of France (french: link=no, Premier ministre français), officially the prime minister of the French Republic, is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of the Council of Ministers. The prime minister ...

– Tammy Grimes, American actress (d.

2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses during the 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh ...

) * January 31 –

Eva Mozes Kor Eva Mozes Kor (January 31, 1934 – July 4, 2019) was a Romanian-born American survivor of the Holocaust. Along with her twin sister Miriam, Kor was subjected to human experimentation under the direction of SS Doctor Josef Mengele at the Ausch ...

, Romanian Holocaust survivor and author (d.

2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...

)

February

* February 7 ** Eddie Fenech Adami, 10th Prime Minister of Malta and 7th President of Malta ** King Curtis, African-American saxophonist (d.

1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 10, and August 6). The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history. Events Ja ...

) * February 10 – Fleur Adcock, New Zealand poet *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...

** Manuel Noriega, Panamanian military dictator (d.

) ** John Surtees, British racing driver (d.

) * February 12 – Anne Krueger, American economist *

February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...

–

George Segal George Segal Jr. (February 13, 1934 – March 23, 2021) was an American actor. He became popular in the 1960s and 1970s for playing both dramatic and comedic roles. After first rising to prominence with roles in acclaimed films such as ''Ship o ...

, American actor (d.

2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October–November 2021 ...

) *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

– Florence Henderson, American actress, singer and television personality (d.

) *

February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...

– Niklaus Wirth, Swiss computer scientist *

February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...

** Sir

Alan Bates Sir Alan Arthur Bates (17 February 1934 – 27 December 2003) was an English actor who came to prominence in the 1960s, when he appeared in films ranging from the popular children's story '' Whistle Down the Wind'' to the " kitchen sink" dram ...

, British actor (d.

2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A des ...

) ** Barry Humphries, Australian actor, comedian * February 18 ** Anna Maria Ferrero, Italian actress (d.

2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the United ...

) **

Paco Rabanne Francisco Rabaneda Cuervo (born 18 February 1934), more commonly known under the pseudonym of Paco Rabanne (; ), is a Spanish fashion designer who became known as an ''enfant terrible'' of the 1960s French fashion world. Early life and educati ...

, Spanish fashion designer * February 21 – Rue McClanahan, American actress (d.

2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in history; The Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland disrupts air travel in Europe; A scene from the opening ceremony of ...

) *

February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...

** Bettino Craxi, Prime Minister of Italy (d.

2000 File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from ...

) ** Renata Scotto, Italian soprano ** Bingu wa Mutharika, Malawian President, economist (d.

2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...

) *

February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...

– Ralph Nader, American consumer activist and presidential candidate

March

* March 1 – Joan Hackett, American actress (d.

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP is officially completed (this is consid ...

) * March 3 – Bobby Locke, American baseball player (d.

) * March 4 **

Anne Haney Anne Ryan Haney ( Thomas; March 4, 1934 – May 26, 2001) was an American stage and screen actress. She was best known for her roles in ''Mrs. Doubtfire'' and ''Liar Liar'', as well as Alberta Meechum on the sitcom ''Mama's Family''. Early yea ...

, American actress (d.

2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a Participants in ...

) ** Gia Scala, British actress (d.

1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...

) *

March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...

–

Daniel Kahneman Daniel Kahneman (; he, דניאל כהנמן; born March 5, 1934) is an Israeli-American psychologist and economist notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, as well as behavioral economics, for which he was award ...

, Israeli economist and

Nobel Nobel often refers to: *Nobel Prize, awarded annually since 1901, from the bequest of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel Nobel may also refer to: Companies *AkzoNobel, the result of the merger between Akzo and Nobel Industries in 1994 *Branobel, or ...

laureate * March 6 – Milton Diamond, American sexologist and professor of anatomy and reproductive biology * March 9 ** Yuri Gagarin, Russian cosmonaut, first human in space (d.

1968 The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. * Januar ...

) ** Joyce Van Patten, American actress *

March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...

** Eugene Cernan, American astronaut (d.

) ** Dionigi Tettamanzi, Italian cardinal (d.

) * March 16 – Ray Hnatyshyn, Canadian statesman, 24th Governor-General of Canada (d.

2002 File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains East Timor independence, indepe ...

) * March 18 – Charley Pride, American country musician (d.

) * March 20 – David Malouf, Australian writer * March 23 – Ludvig Faddeev, Russian physicist and mathematician (d.

) *

March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...

** Johnny Burnette, American rockabilly singer, songwriter and musician (d.

1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...

) ** Gloria Steinem, American feminist * March 26 – Alan Arkin, American actor * March 30 – Hans Hollein, Austrian architect and designer (d.

2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...

) *

March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. *1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at V� ...

** Richard Chamberlain, American actor ** Shirley Jones, American singer and actress ** John D. Loudermilk, American singer-songwriter (d.

) ** Carlo Rubbia, Italian Nobel physicist

April

Pina Pellicer smiling in One-Eyed Jacks (1961) (cropped2)

* April 1 ** Vladimir Posner, Russian journalist **

Pascal Rakotomavo Pascal Joseph Rakotomavo (1 April 1934Biographical page at Antananarivo Provinc ...

, 10th prime minister of Madagascar (d.

) * April 2 – Paul Cohen, American mathematician (d.

2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister of Pakistan, Pr ...

) * April 3 **

Pina Pellicer Josefina Yolanda Pellicer López de Llergo (3 April 1934 – 4 December 1964), known professionally as Pina Pellicer, was a Mexican actress known in her country for portraying the female lead in '' Macario'' (1960), and in the United States as ...

, Mexican actress (d.

) ** Jane Goodall, British zoologist *

April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...

– Roman Herzog, 9th President of Germany (d.

) * April 6 –

Anton Geesink Antonius Johannes Geesink (6 April 1934 – 27 August 2010) was a Dutch people, Dutch List of judoka#Highest grades, 10th dan judoka. He was the first non-Japanese judoka to win gold at the World Judo Championship, a feat he accomplished in 1961 ...

, Dutch 10th-dan judoka (d.

) * April 16 – Victor "Vicar" José Arriagada Ríos, Spanish cartoonist (d.

) * April 11 – Mark Strand, Canadian-born American poet (d.

) * April 18 – James Drury, American actor (d.

) * April 20 –

John Malecela John Samuel Malecela (born 19 April 1934 in Bugiri Dodoma) was Prime Minister of Tanzania from November 1990 to December 1994. He served as the vice-chairman of the CCM from 1995 to 2007, and a member of the CCM Central Committee to date. Pri ...

, 6th prime minister of Tanzania * April 24 ** Jayakanthan, Tamil writer (d.

2015 File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the Apri ...

) **

Shirley MacLaine Shirley MacLaine (born Shirley MacLean Beaty, April 24, 1934) is an American actress, author, and former dancer. Known for her portrayals of quirky, strong-willed and eccentric women, MacLaine has received numerous accolades over her seven-dec ...

, American actress, dancer, writer * April 29 – Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires, President of Cape Verde

May

* May 3 **

Henry Cooper Sir Henry Cooper (3 May 19341 May 2011) was a British heavyweight boxer, best remembered internationally for a 1963 fight in which he knocked down a young Cassius Clay before the fight was stopped because of a cut eye from Clay's punches. Coo ...

, British boxer (d.

2011 File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrate ...

) **

Frankie Valli Francesco Stephen Castelluccio (born May 3, 1934), better known by his stage name Frankie Valli, is an American singer, known as the frontman of the Four Seasons beginning in 1960. He is known for his unusually powerful lead falsetto voice. ...

, American musician ('' The Four Seasons'') * May 4 – Tatiana Samoilova, Russian actress (d.

) * May 9 ** Alan Bennett, British playwright, screenwriter, actor, and author ** Lee Hong-koo, South Korean politician, 26th Prime Minister of South Korea * May 21 – Bengt I. Samuelsson, Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * May 23 – Robert Moog, American inventor of the synthesizer (d.

2005 File:2005 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico; the Funeral of Pope John Paul II is held in Vatican City; "Me at the zoo", the first video ever to be uploaded to YouTube; Eris was discovered in ...

) *

May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...

–

Harlan Ellison Harlan Jay Ellison (May 27, 1934 – June 28, 2018) was an American writer, known for his prolific and influential work in New Wave speculative fiction and for his outspoken, combative personality. Robert Bloch, the author of '' Psycho'' ...

, American writer (d.

) *

May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...

–

Alexei Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov. (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk, exiting the capsule during th ...

, Russian cosmonaut (d.

) * May 31 **

Bhagwatikumar Sharma Bhagwatikumar Sharma (31 May 1934 – 5 September 2018) was an Indian author and journalist who wrote in Gujarati. Born in Surat and educated in languages, he edited a daily for several years. He wrote novels, short stories, poetry, essays and c ...

, Indian author and journalist (d.

) ** Jim Hutton American actor (d.

1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...

)

June

* June 1 – Pat Boone, American actor and singer * June 4 – Dame

Daphne Sheldrick Dame Daphne Marjorie Sheldrick, (née Jenkins; 4 June 1934 – 12 April 2018) was a Kenyan of British descent, author, conservationist and expert in animal husbandry, particularly the raising and reintegrating of orphaned elephants into the w ...

, Kenyan conservationist and author (d.

) *

June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...

– Chennupati Vidya, Indian politician and social worker (d.

) *

June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...

– King Albert II of Belgium * June 7 –

Koloa Talake Koloa Fineaso Talake (7 June 1934 – 26 May 2008) was a political figure from the Pacific nation of Tuvalu. He represented the constituency of Vaitupu in the Parliament of Tuvalu from 1993. He served as Minister of Finance (1993-96) and was th ...

, 7th prime minister of Tuvalu (d.

) * June 9 –

Jackie Wilson Jack Leroy Wilson Jr. (June 9, 1934 – January 21, 1984) was an American singer and performer of the 1950s and 60s. He was a prominent figure in the transition of rhythm and blues into soul. Nicknamed "Mr. Excitement", he was considered a mas ...

, American singer (d.

1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast A ...

) * June 11 – Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, French-born consort of the Danish monarch (d.

) * June 15 ** Rubén Aguirre, Mexican actor and comedian (d.

) **

Stefan Kwoczała Stefan Kwoczała (15 June 1934 – 7 July 2019) was a Polish motorcycle speedway rider. He won the Polish championship in 1959 and reached the World Final in 1960, placing 7th. Career Born in Kiedrzyn, Kwoczała rode for Włókniarz Częstoc ...

, Polish motorcycle speedway rider (d.

) * June 16 ** Dame Eileen Atkins, British actress ** William F. Sharpe, American economist and

laureate * June 19 –

Désiré Rakotoarijaona Lieutenant-Colonel Désiré Rakotoarijaona (born 19 June 1934) is a Malagasy politician. He was Minister of Economy and Finance from February 1975 to June 1975. He was Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1 August 1977 to 12 February 1988, under Pre ...

, 4th prime minister of Madagascar *

June 23 Events Pre-1600 * 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu. * 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships. * 1280 – The Spanish Re ...

– Virbhadra Singh, Indian politician (d.

) * June 26 – Dave Grusin, American composer, arranger, producer, and pianist * June 27 –

Ed Hobaugh Edward Russell Hobaugh (born June 27, 1934) is a retired American Major League Baseball player. The right-handed pitcher appeared in 61 big league games pitched between 1961 and 1963 for the Washington Senators. Born in Kittanning, Pennsylvani ...

, American Major League Baseball player *

June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...

Asker Abiyev Asker Ali Abiyev (born June 28, 1934), the inventor of Abiyev's Magic squares and Cubes, was born in Baku, Azerbaijan. Academic life Abiyev studied in Physics-Mathematics faculty in Baku State University from 1954 to 1957, and then, in the fa ...

, Azerbaijani mathematician ** Michael Artin, American mathematician * June 29 – Susan George, American and French political, social scientist, activist and writer * June 30 **

C. N. R. Rao Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao BR, (born 30 June 1934), is an Indian chemist who has worked mainly in solid-state and structural chemistry. He has honorary doctorates from 84 universities from around the world and has authored around 1,77 ...

, Indian chemist ** Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira, Brazilian economist and social scientist

July

July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...

Alicia Terzian Alicia Terzian (born 1 July 1934) is an Argentine conductor, musicologist and composer of Armenian descent. Biography Alicia Terzian was born in Córdoba, Argentina. She studied at the National Conservatory of Buenos Aires under Alberto Ginastera ...

, Argentine conductor, musicologist and composer **

Ilselil Larsen Ilselil Larsen (born 1 July 1934) is a Danish film actress. She appeared in 16 films between 1940 and 1958. She was born in Århus, Denmark. Filmography * '' Lyssky transport gennem Danmark'' (1958) * '' Skovridergaarden'' (1957) * ''Mig og mi ...

, Danish actress **

Sydney Pollack Sydney Irwin Pollack (July 1, 1934 – May 26, 2008) was an American film director, producer and actor. Pollack directed more than 20 films and 10 television shows, acted in over 30 movies or shows and produced over 44 films. For his film ''Out ...

, American film director (d.

) * July 3 – Stefan Abadzhiev, Bulgarian football player * July 5 – Adriana Roel, Mexican actress * July 7 **

Raphael Owor Raphael Owor, MBChB, MD, FRCPath, ScD, is a Ugandan physician, pathologist, academic and medical researcher. He is the immediate past Chancellor of Mbarara University of Science and Technology, serving in that capacity from 2003 until 2007. Prio ...

, Ugandan physician, pathologist, academic and medical researcher ** Kedarnath Singh, Indian poet (d.

) *

July 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch. * 1283 – Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese ...

** Fred Stewart, Canadian politician **

Ole Lund Ole Lund (born 8 July 1934) is a Norwegian barrister and industrial leader. He was born in Hammerfest to lawyer Ole Lund (1903–1981) and Hjørdis Stavseth. He graduated as cand.jur. from the University of Oslo in 1959, and was barrister wi ...

, Norwegian barrister and industrial leader ** Marty Feldman, English comedy writer, comedian and actor (d.

1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...

) *

July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...

** Pierre Perret, French singer and composer ** Michael Graves, American architect (d.

) * July 10 – Jerry Nelson, American puppeteer (d.

) * July 11 **

Giorgio Armani Giorgio Armani (; born 11 July 1934) is an Italian fashion designer. He first gained notoriety working for Cerruti and then for many others, including Allegri, Bagutta and Hilton. He formed his company, Armani, in 1975, which eventually expande ...

, Italian fashion designer * July 12 ** Van Cliburn, American pianist (d.

) **

Ulf Schmidt Ulf "Uffe" Christian Johan Schmidt (born 12 July 1934) is a former Swedish tennis player. He competed for AIK from Stockholm. He won 14 singles' tournaments, among them the International Swedish Championships in Båstad in 1957 and 1961. In 19 ...

, Swedish tennis player * July 13 ** Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer and

laureate ** Aleksei Yeliseyev, Russian cosmonaut * July 14 – Ángel del Pozo, Spanish actor * July 15 – Harrison Birtwistle, British composer (d.

) * July 16 – George Hilton, Uruguayan-Italian actor (d.

) * July 19 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d.

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC. * January 9 – ...

) * July 22 ** Louise Fletcher, American actress (d.

) **

Leon Rotman Leon Rotman (born 22 July 1934) is a retired Romanian sprint canoeist. He won two individual gold medals at the 1956 Olympics and a bronze medal in 1960. Life and sporting career Rotman is Jewish, and was born to a working-class Jewish family. ...

, Romanian sprint canoeist ** Oluyemi Adeniji, Nigerian career diplomat, politician (d.

) * July 24 –

P. S. Soosaithasan Pilesiyan Sosai Soosaithasan ( ta, பிலேசியன் சூசை சூசைதாசன், translit=Pilēciyaṉ Cūcai Cūcaitācaṉ; 24 July 1934 – 13 October 2017) was a Sri Lankan Tamil accountant, politician and Member of ...

, Sri Lankan Tamil politician (d.

) * July 28 –

Bud Luckey William Everett Luckey (July 28, 1934 – February 24, 2018) was an American animator, artist, cartoonist, composer, illustrator, musician, singer and voice actor. He worked at the animation studio Pixar, where he worked as a character designer ...

, American voice actor, Pixar animator (d.

)

August

– Valery Bykovsky, Russian cosmonaut (d.

) * August 3 –

Jonas Savimbi Jonas Malheiro Savimbi (; 3 August 1934 – 22 February 2002) was an Angolan revolutionary politician and rebel military leader who founded and led the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). UNITA waged a guerrilla war agai ...

, Angolan political and rebel leader (d.

) * August 5 –

Gay Byrne Gabriel Mary "Gay" Byrne (5 August 1934 – 4 November 2019) was an Irish presenter and host of radio and television. His most notable role was first host of '' The Late Late Show'' over a 37-year period spanning 1962 until 1999. ''The Late Lat ...

, Irish broadcaster (d.

) *

August 6 Events Pre-1600 *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. * 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...

** Gianfrancesco Guarnieri, Italian–Brazilian actor, lyricist, poet and playwright (d.

2006 File:2006 Events Collage V1.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2006 Winter Olympics open in Turin; Twitter is founded and launched by Jack Dorsey; The Nintendo Wii is released; Montenegro 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum, votes to declare ...

) **

Edmond Simeoni Edmond Simeoni (6 August 1934 – 14 December 2018) was a Corsican doctor, politician and nationalist. He was the brother of Max Simeoni, Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1989 to 1994 and father of Gilles Simeoni. Simeoni, together ...

, Corsican politician and nationalist (d.

) * August 8 –

Cláudio Hummes Cláudio Hummes, OFM (; born Auri Alfonso Hummes; 8 August 1934 – 4 July 2022) was a Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He was prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy from 2006 to 2010, having served as Archbishop of Fortaleza fr ...

, Brazilian Roman Catholic cardinal *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...

–

Viktor Tolmachev Viktor Tolmachev (11 August 1934 – 7 June 2018) was a Russian engineer. He was a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and chief designer of the Antonov An-124 Ruslan and An-225 Mriya transport aircraft. Biography Tolmachev was b ...

, Russian engineer (d.

) * August 13 – Gyoji Matsumoto, Japanese footballer (d.

) * August 15 ** Nino Ferrer, French singer (d.

1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...

) **

André Bo-Boliko Lokonga André Bo-Boliko Lokonga Monse Mihambo (15 August 1934 – 30 March 2018) was a Congolese politician. He served as the First State Commissioner of Zaire from 6 March 1979 to 27 August 1980. From 1967 to 1980, he was secretary-general of the Nation ...

, Congolese politician (d.

) *

August 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. * 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamdan ...

–

Angela Buxton Angela Buxton (16 August 193414 August 2020) was a British tennis player. She won the women's doubles title at both the French Championships and Wimbledon in 1956 with her playing partner Althea Gibson. Early life Buxton was born in Liverpool o ...

, British tennis player (d.

) * August 17 –

Ben Humphreys Benjamin Charles Humphreys (17 August 1934 – 17 November 2019) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and served in the House of Representatives from 1977 to 1996, representing the Division of Grif ...

, Australian politician (d.

) * August 18 ** Ronnie Carroll, Northern Irish singer (d.

) ** Roberto Clemente, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player (d.

) ** Gulzar, Indian film director, lyricist and poet * August 19 – Renée Richards, American ophthalmologist and tennis player * August 20 – Armi Kuusela,

Miss Universe 1952 Miss Universe 1952, the 1st Miss Universe pageant, was held on June 28, 1952 at the Long Beach Municipal Auditorium in Long Beach, California, United States. The pageant was held on the day following the first Miss USA pageant, at the same venue. ...

from Finland * August 22 – Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. Army general (d.

) * August 24 – Kenny Baker, English actor (d.

) * August 25 **

Zilda Arns Zilda Arns Neumann (August 25, 1934 – January 12, 2010) was a Brazilian pediatrician and aid worker. A sister of Cardinal Dom Paulo Evaristo Arns, the former Archbishop of São Paulo known for his efforts against the Brazilian military ...

, Brazilian pediatrician, aid worker (d.

) **

Hsiao Teng-tzang Hsiao Teng-tzang (; 25 August 1934 – 16 November 2017) was a Taiwanese politician. He was a member of the Legislative Yuan from 1973 to 1986 and served as Minister of Justice between July 1988 and October 1989. Hsiao later chaired the Central ...

, Taiwanese politician (d.

) ** Ayatollah Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, 4th President of Iran (d.

) * August 28 – Zeng Shiqiang, Taiwanese sinologist, scholar, and writer (d.

) * August 30 – Anatoly Solonitsyn, Russian actor (d.

)

September

Aankomst Brian Epstein (manager Beatles) op Schiphol (Grand Gala du Disque 1965), Bestanddeelnr 918-2516 ShiftN

* September 1 – Léon Mébiame, Gabonese politician (d.

) * September 4 ** Clive Granger, Welsh-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d.

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; 2009 Iran ...

) ** Juraj Herz, Slovak film director, actor, and scenic designer (d.

) ** Eduard Khil, Russian baritone singer (" Trololo") (d.

) ** Zaid ibn Shaker, 3-time prime minister of Jordan (d.

) ** Jan Švankmajer, Czech filmmaker, artist * September 6 –

Marshall Rosenberg Marshall Bertram Rosenberg (October 6, 1934February 7, 2015) was an American psychologist, mediator, author and teacher. Starting in the early 1960s, he developed nonviolent communication, a process for supporting partnership and resolving confl ...

, American psychologist and writer (d.

) * September 7 **

Sunil Gangopadhyay Sunil Gangopadhyay or Sunil Ganguly (7 September 1934 – 23 October 2012) was an Indian poet, historian and novelist in the Bengali language based in the city of Kolkata. He is a former Sheriff of Calcutta. Gangopadhyay obtained his ma ...

, Indian author and poet (d.

) **

Omar Karami Omar Abdul Hamid Karami (last name also spelled Karamé and Karameh) ( ar, عمر عبد الحميد كرامي; 7 September 1934 – 1 January 2015) was the 29th prime minister of Lebanon, who served two separate terms. He was Prime Minis ...

, 29th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d.

) * September 8 – Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer (d.

) * September 9 ** Nicholas Liverpool, Dominican lawyer, politician, and 6th President of Dominica (d.

) ** Waldo Machado, Brazilian footballer (d.

) * September 13 – Zbigniew Zapasiewicz, Polish actor (d.

) * September 16 ** Elgin Baylor, American basketball player and executive (d.

) ** Ronnie Drew, Irish singer with The Dubliners band (d.

) *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...

– Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (d.

1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...

) * September 19 – Brian Epstein, British manager of the Beatles, co-founder of Northern Songs (d.

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...

) * September 20 ** Rajinder Puri, Indian cartoonist, veteran columnist and political activist (d.

) **

Sophia Loren Sofia Costanza Brigida Villani Scicolone (; born 20 September 1934), known professionally as Sophia Loren ( , ), is an Italian actress. She was named by the American Film Institute as one of the greatest female stars of Classical Hollywood ci ...

, Italian actress ** Takayuki Kubota, Japanese martial artist, founder of the Gosoku-ryu style of karate * September 21 ** Leonard Cohen, Canadian poet, novelist, singer and songwriter (d.

) **

David J. Thouless David James Thouless (; 21 September 1934 – 6 April 2019) was a British condensed-matter physicist. He was the winner of the 1990 Wolf Prize and a laureate of the 2016 Nobel Prize for physics along with F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Ko ...

, Scottish-born condensed-matter physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d.

) ** María Rubio, Mexican actress (d.

) *

September 23 Events Pre-1600 * 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified. * 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...

– Ahmad Shah Khan, Crown Prince of Afghanistan * September 27 – Wilford Brimley, American actor and singer (d.

) *

– Brigitte Bardot, French actress, animal rights activist * September 29 –

Idowu Sofola Chief Idowu Sofola, SAN, MON (29 September 1934 – 23 March 2018) was a Nigerian jurist, Bencher and president of the Nigerian Bar Association. He was Previously the Chairman of the Nigerian Body of Benchers. Early life Chief Idowu was born ...

, Nigerian jurist (d.

) * September 30 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss composer, popular music singer (d.

)

October

* October 4 – Joe Williams, Cook Islands politician (d.

) * October 7 –

Amiri Baraka Amiri Baraka (born Everett Leroy Jones; October 7, 1934 – January 9, 2014), previously known as LeRoi Jones and Imamu Amear Baraka, was an American writer of poetry, drama, fiction, essays and music criticism. He was the author of numerous bo ...

, African-American poet, playwright and activist (d.

) * October 9 **

Jacobo Majluta Azar Jacobo Majluta Azar (9 October 1934 – 2 March 1996) was Vice President of the Dominican Republic from 16 August 1978 to 4 July 1982. He was one of the generations of politicians in the Dominican Republic whose ambition was continually thwarte ...

, 47th

President of the Dominican Republic The president of the Dominican Republic ( es, Presidente de la República Dominicana) is both the head of state and head of government of the Dominican Republic. The presidential system was established in 1844, following the proclamation of th ...

(d.

1996 File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A Centennial Olympic Park bombing, bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical Anti-abortion violence, anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 8 ...

) ** Harald Grønningen, Norwegian cross-country skier (d.

) ** Abdullah Ibrahim, South African pianist and composer * October 12 – Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani, Prime Minister of Yemen (d.

) * October 13 – Nana Mouskouri, Greek singer * October 17 – Rico Rodriguez, Cuban-British musician (d.

) * October 18 – Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (d.

1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extrem ...

) * October 19 ** Glória Menezes, Brazilian actress ** Yakubu Gowon, Nigerian politician * October 20 ** Empress Michiko, Empress consort of Japan * October 28 –

Martin van der Borgh Martin van der Borgh (28 October 1934 – 12 February 2018) was a Dutch cyclist who was active between 1954 and 1964. He won the Ronde van Limburg (1954), Tour du Nord (1961) and individual stages of the Tour de France (1960) and Tour de Lux ...

, Dutch cyclist (d.

) * October 29 – Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (d.

) * October 30 – Frans Brüggen, Dutch musician (d.

) * October 31 – Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler, Princess of Sweden

November

* November 1 – Umberto Agnelli, Swiss-born automobile executive (d.

2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 6 ...

) * November 2 – Ken Rosewall, Australian tennis champion * November 5 – Kira Muratova, Ukrainian film director, screenwriter and actress (d.

) *

November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...

** Ingvar Carlsson, twice prime minister of Sweden ** Hamilton Green, 4th prime minister of Guyana **

Carl Sagan Carl Edward Sagan (; ; November 9, 1934December 20, 1996) was an American astronomer, planetary scientist, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, and science communicator. His best known scientific contribution is research on ext ...

, American astronomer, writer, and TV presenter (d.

) ** Tengiz Sigua, 2nd Prime Minister of Georgia (d.

) * November 11 –

Elżbieta Krzesińska Elżbieta Maria Krzesińska (née Duńska; November 11, 1934 – December 29, 2015) was a track and field athlete from Poland, who competed in the long jump. Born in Warsaw, she competed for her native country at the 1956 Summer Olympic ...

, Polish athlete (d.

) * November 12 –

Charles Manson Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loca ...

, American cult leader and murderer (d.

) * November 13 – Garry Marshall, American film producer, director and actor (d.

) * November 21 –

Carl-Henning Wijkmark Carl-Henning Wijkmark (21 November 1934 – 4 September 2020) was a Swedish novelist and translator. He made his literary debut in 1972, with the novel ''Jägarna på Karinhall''. Among his other novels are ''Dressinen'' from 1983 and ''Sista dag ...

, Swedish novelist and translator (d.

) * November 23 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis champion (d.

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...

) * November 24 – Alfred Schnittke, Soviet (Volga German) composer (d.

) * November 30 – Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (d.

)

December

* December 1 – Billy Paul, African-American singer (d.

) * December 3 **

Abimael Guzmán Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reynoso (; 3 December 1934 − 11 September 2021), also known by his '' nom de guerre'' Chairman Gonzalo ( es, Presidente Gonzalo), was a Peruvian Maoist revolutionary and guerrilla leader, considered a terrorist ...

, Peruvian politician, leader of Shining Path (d.

) ** Viktor Gorbatko, Russian cosmonaut (d.

) * December 5 – Joan Didion, American novelist (d.

) * December 8 –

Alisa Freindlich Alisa Brunovna Freindlich (russian: Алиса Бруновна Фрейндлих, born 8 December 1934 in Leningrad, Soviet Union) is a Soviet and Russian actress. People's Artist of the USSR (1981). Since 1983, Freindlich has been a leading ac ...

, Soviet and Russian actress * December 9 ** Judi Dench, English actress ** Junior Wells, American harmonica player (d.

) * December 10 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.

) * December 11 – Radha Viswanathan, Indian vocalist, classical dancer (d.

) * December 12 –

Miguel de la Madrid Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (; 12 December 1934 – 1 April 2012) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 59th president of Mexico from 1982 to 1988. Inheriting a severe economic an ...

, 52nd president of Mexico (d.

) * December 13 –

Richard D. Zanuck Richard Darryl Zanuck (December 13, 1934 – July 13, 2012) was an American film producer. His 1989 film ''Driving Miss Daisy'' won the Academy Award for Best Picture. Zanuck was also instrumental in launching the career of director Steven Spielb ...

, American producer (d.

) * December 14 –

Shyam Benegal Shyam Benegal (born 14 December 1934) is an Indian film director, screenwriter and documentary filmmaker. Often regarded as the pioneer of parallel cinema, he is widely considered as one of the greatest filmmakers post 1970s. He has received ...

, Indian film director and screenwriter * December 15 –

Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed ( so, Cabdulaahi Yuusuf Axmed, ar, عبدالله يوسف أحمد‎; 15 December 1934 – 23 March 2012) was a Somali politician and former colonel in the Somali National Army. He was one of the founders of the Somali ...

, 6th president of Somalia (d.

) * December 16 –

Meng Zhizhong Meng Zhizhong (; 16 December 1934 – 14 December 2019) was a Chinese satellite engineer at the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology. He was the chief designer of the Fengyun-1, China's first meteorological satellite, as well as the Fengyu ...

, Chinese engineer (d.

) * December 17 – Shan Tianfang, Chinese pingshu performer (d.

) * December 18 ** Marc Rich, Belgian-born commodities trader (d.

) ** Boris Volynov, Russian cosmonaut * December 19 ** Aki Aleong, Trinidad and Tobago-born American actor ** Pratibha Patil, President of India * December 24 – Stjepan Mesić, 2nd President of Croatia * December 25 – Phan Văn Khải, 5th Prime Minister of Vietnam (d.

) * December 27– Larisa Latynina, Ukrainian gymnast * December 28 ** Alasdair Gray, Scottish fiction writer and artist (d.

) **

Maggie Smith Dame Margaret Natalie Smith (born 28 December 1934) is an English actress. With an extensive career on screen and stage beginning in the mid-1950s, Smith has appeared in more than sixty films and seventy plays. She is one of the few performer ...

, English actress ** Yujiro Ishihara, Japanese actor (d.

) *

December 30 Events Pre-1600 *534 – The second and final edition of the Code of Justinian comes into effect in the Byzantine Empire. *999 – Battle of Glenmama: The combined forces of Munster and Meath under king Brian Boru inflict a crushi ...

** Del Shannon, American singer (''

Runaway Runaway, Runaways or Run Away may refer to: Engineering * Runaway reaction, a chemical reaction releasing more heat than what can be removed and becoming uncontrollable * Thermal runaway, self-increase of the reaction rate of an exothermic proce ...

'') (d.

1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...

) ** Russ Tamblyn, American film and television actor

Deaths

January

* January 1 –

Jakob Wassermann __NOTOC__ Jakob Wassermann (10 March 1873 – 1 January 1934) was a German writer and novelist. Life Born in Fürth, Wassermann was the son of a shopkeeper and lost his mother at an early age. He showed literary interest early and published ...

, German writer (b.

1873 Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat ...

) *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

– Herbert Chapman, English football manager (b.

1878 Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle o ...

) *

– Augustin Dubail, French general (b.

1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...

) *

– Andrei Bely, Russian writer (b.

1880 Events January–March * January 22 – Toowong State School is founded in Queensland, Australia. * January – The international White slave trade affair scandal in Brussels is exposed and attracts international infamy. * February � ...

) *

– Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag (executed) (b.

1909 Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * Januar ...

) * January 11 –

Helen Zimmern Helen Zimmern (25 March 1846 – 11 January 1934) was a naturalised British writer and translator born in Germany. She was instrumental in making European culture more accessible in English. Biography Zimmern and her parents emigrated in 1850 t ...

, German-born British writer and translator (b.

1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...

) *

– Hermann Bahr, Austrian writer and playwright (b.

1863 Events January–March * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...

) *

– Henry Walter Barnett, Australian photographer and filmmaker (b.

1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...

) * January 21 – Aref Qazvini, Iranian poet, lyricist and musician (b.

1882 Events January–March * January 2 ** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates. ** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in ...

) *

– Robert Brady, American criminal (b.

1904 Events January * January 7 – The distress signal ''CQD'' is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by ''SOS''. * January 8 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library system. * ...

) * January 23 – Charles McLaren, 1st Baron Aberconway, Scottish politician and jurist (b.

1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...

) * January 29 – Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b.

1868 Events January–March * January 2 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: Robert Napier leads an expedition to free captive British officials and missionaries. * January 3 – The 15-year-old Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Jap ...

)

February

Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...

–

Maria Domenica Mantovani Maria Domenica Mantovani (12 November 1862 - 2 February 1934) was an Italian Roman Catholic professed religious, and the co-founder of the Little Sisters of the Holy Family; she established them alongside Giuseppe Nascimbeni. As a nun she rece ...

, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed and blessed (b.

) *

February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...

–

Eleonora de Cisneros Eleonora de Cisneros (October 31, 1878February 3, 1934) was an American opera singer. She was a singer for the Metropolitan Opera company and became one of their principal singers. She was the first American-trained opera singer hired by the M ...

, American opera singer (b.

) *

February 5 Events Pre-1600 * 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. * 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion. * 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...

– William Morris Davis, American geographer (b.

) * February 9 – Claudio Williman, 20th

President of Uruguay The president of Uruguay ( es, Presidente del Uruguay), officially known as the president of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (), is the head of state and head of government of Uruguay. Their rights are determined in the Constitution of Urugua ...

(b.

1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...

) *

– King

Albert I of Belgium Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) was King of the Belgians from 23 December 1909 until his death in 1934. Born in Brussels as the fifth child and second son of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders and Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-S ...

(b.

1875 Events January–March * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of the ...

) *

February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the worship of pagan ...

- Caleb Bradham, American pharmacist, inventor of Pepsi (b.

1867 Events January–March * January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...

) * February 21 – Augusto César Sandino, Nicaraguan revolutionary and rebel (murdered) (b.

1895 Events January–March * January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. * January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Histor ...

) *

** Sir Edward Elgar, British composer (b.

1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...

) ** Geevarghese Dionysius of Vattasseril, Indian Orthodox priest and saint (b.

1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...

) *

February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...

– John McGraw, American baseball manager and MLB Hall of Famer (b.

)

March

* March 1 **Wilhelm Diegelmann, German actor (b.

) **Charles Webster Leadbeater, British author and Theosophist (b. 1854) * March 2 - John Smith Archibald, Canadian architect (b. 1872) * March 7 - John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, Scottish politician, Governor General of Canada (b. 1847) *

** João do Canto e Castro, Portuguese army officer, 67th Prime Minister of Portugal and 5th President of Portugal (b.

) ** Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma (b. 1886) * March 15 – Davidson Black, Canadian-born paleoanthropologist (b. 1884) * March 19 – Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, British army general (b.

) * March 20 ** Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Dutch Queen and regent (b.

) ** Sydney Deane, Australian cricketer and actor (b.

) * March 21 ** Nicanor Abelardo, Filipino composer (b.

) ** Lilyan Tashman, American actress (b. 1896) * March 27 – Francis William Reitz, 5th president of the Orange Free State (b. 1844) * March 28 – Mahmoud Mokhtar, Egyptian sculptor (b. 1891) * March 29 – Otto Hermann Kahn, German-born philanthropist (b.

) * March 30 ** Paul Cazeneuve, French politician (b. 1852) ** Ronald Munro Ferguson, 1st Viscount Novar, Scottish politician, 8th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1860)

April

* April 7 ** Béatrice Ephrussi de Rothschild, French socialite (b. 1864) ** Karl von Einem, German general (b. 1853) * April 9 – Safvet-beg Basagic, Yugoslav writer (b. 1870) * April 11 ** Gerald du Maurier, British actor (b.

) ** John Collier (painter), John Collier, British painter (b.

) * April 15 – Karl Dane, Danish actor (b. 1886) * April 18 – Raffaele Garofalo, Italian criminologist and jurist (b.

) *

- Carsten Borchgrevink, Anglo-Norwegian polar explorer (b. 1864) * April 26 ** Arturs Alberings, 6th Prime Minister of Latvia (b. 1876) ** John Hamilton (gangster), John Hamilton, Canadian gangster (b. 1899) * April 27 – Joe Vila, American sportswriter (b. 1866) * April 28 – Charley Patton, American Delta blues musician * April 30 – Hugh L. Scott, Major General of the US Army (b. 1853)

May

* May 12 - Gertrude Abbott Australian abbott (b.

) * May 17 – Cass Gilbert, American architect (b. 1859) * May 19 – Edward William Nelson, American naturalist (b. 1855) * May 21 – James Durkin (actor), James Durkin, Canadian-born American actor (b. 1879) * May 23 ** Clyde Barrow, American outlaw, member of Barrow Gang (b.

) ** Bonnie Parker, American outlaw, member of Barrow Gang (b. 1910) * May 24 – Brand Whitlock, American journalist and politician (b. 1869) * May 25 – Gustav Holst, British composer (b. 1874) * May 26 – Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta (b. 1841) * May 29 – Eugenie Besserer, American silent film actress (b.

) *

** Tōgō Heihachirō, Japanese admiral (b. 1848) ** Julia Lopes de Almeida, Brazilian advocate and writer (b.

) * May 31 – Lew Cody, American actor (b. 1884)

June

* June 8 ** Dorothy Dell, American actress (b. 1915) * June 9 – Medeiros e Albuquerque, Brazilian poet and politician (b.

) * June 10 – Frederick Delius, British composer (b.

) * June 11 – Lev Vygotsky, Russian developmental psychologist (b. 1896) * June 19 – Prince Bernhard of Lippe (1872-1934), Prince Bernhard of Lippe (b. 1872) * June 27 – Francesco Buhagiar, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876) * June 30 – Murdered during the Night of the Long Knives: ** Karl Ernst, Nazi SA leader in Berlin (b.

) **Fritz Gerlich, German journalist (b. 1883) ** Edmund Heines, Deputy SA leader (b. 1897) **Gustav von Kahr, German politician (b.

) ** Kurt von Schleicher, 23rd Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (b.

) ** Gregor Strasser, German Nazi politician (b. 1892)

July

** Ernst Röhm, German politician, Nazi SA Leader (assassinated) (b. 1887) ** Edgar Jung, German lawyer and political activist (assassinated) (b. 1894) * July 3 ** Emma Irene Åström, Finnish teacher, Finland's first female university graduate (b. 1847) ** Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Dutch prince consort (b. 1876) * July 4 ** Marie Curie, Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Nobel Prize in Physics, physics (b.

) ** Hayim Nahman Bialik, Russian-born Jewish poet, considered Israel's national poet (b.

) * July 5 – Ahmad Zaki Pasha, Egyptian philologist (b.

) * July 6 **Alec B. Francis, English actor (b.

) **Prince Pedro Augusto of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1866) *

– Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer (b. 1848) * July 10 – Erich Mühsam, German author (b.

) * July 13 ** Kate Sheppard, New Zealand women's suffragist (b. 1848) ** Ignacio Sánchez Mejías, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1891) * July 15 ** Louis F. Gottschalk, American composer (b. 1864) ** Jules Renkin, Belgian politician and 28th Prime Minister of Belgium (b.

) * July 16 – Carlo Bergamini (sculptor), Carlo Bergamini, Italian sculptor (b.

) * July 20 – Padre Cicero, Brazilian Roman Catholic priest and reverend (b. 1844) * July 21 – Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France (b. 1854) * July 22 – John Dillinger, American gangster (b. 1903) * July 23 – María Pilar López de Maturana Ortiz de Zárate, Spanish Roman Catholic religious blessed and blessed (b. 1884) * July 24 – Hans Hahn (mathematician), Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (b. 1879) * July 25 ** François Coty, French perfume manufacturer (b. 1874) ** Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian statesman and 10th Chancellor of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1892) ** Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist (b. 1888) * July 26 – Winsor McCay, American comic creator and animator (b. 1869) * July 27 – Hubert Lyautey, French general and colonial administrator. (b. 1854) * July 28 ** Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (b.

) ** Louis Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1876) ** Edith Yorke, British actress (b.

) * July 30 – Henry Norris (businessman), Sir Henry Norris, British politician and businessman (b. 1865)

August

– Paul von Hindenburg, German general and politician, 2nd President of Germany (b. 1847) * August 7 – Hermann Kusmanek von Burgneustädten, Austro-Hungarian general (b. 1860) * August 8 – Wilbert Robinson, American baseball manager and MLB Hall of Famer (b.

) * August 9 – Alfred Steux, Belgian road racing cyclist (b. 1892) * August 10 – George Hill (director), George Hill, American director (b.

) * August 13 – Mary Hunter Austin, American writer of fiction and non-fiction (b.

) * August 14 – Raymond Hood, American architect (b. 1881) * August 23 – Homer Van Meter, American criminal and bank robber (b. 1905) * August 27 – Linda Agostini, British-born Australian homicide victim (b. 1905) * August 28 – Edgeworth David, Sir Edgeworth David, British-born Australian geologist and explorer (b.

)

September

* September 1 – Fanny Davies, British pianist (b.

) * September 2 – Russ Columbo, American singer and actor (b. 1908) * September 9 – Roger Fry, British artist (b. 1866) * September 10 – George Henschel, Sir George Henschel, English musician (b.

) * September 13 – Serafina Astafieva, Russian ballet dancer (b. 1876) * September 21 – Genevieve Stebbins, American author and teacher (b.

) * September 22 – Charles Makley, American criminal (b. 1889) * September 27 – Ellen Willmott, English horticulturalist (b.

)

October

* October 5 – Jean Vigo, French film director (b. 1905) * October 9 ** King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (b. 1888) (assassinated) ** Vlado Chernozemski, Bulgarian revolutionary leader (b. 1897) ** Saint Innocencio of Mary Immaculate, Spanish Roman Catholic priest and saint (b. 1887) * October 12 – Willy Clarkson, British costume designer and wigmaker (b.

) * October 14 ** Mikhail Matyushin, Russian painter and composer (b.

) ** Arthur Schuster, Sir Arthur Schuster, German-born British physicist (b.

) * October 15 – Raymond Poincaré, 58th

and 10th President of France during World War I (b. 1860) * October 17 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1852) * October 19 – Alexander von Kluck, German general (b.

) * October 22 – Pretty Boy Floyd, American bank robber (shot by law officers) (b.

) * October 24 – Giacomo Montalto, Italian socialist leader and politician (b. 1864) * October 29 – Lou Tellegen, Dutch actor (b. 1881)

November

* November 2 – Edmond James de Rothschild, French philanthropist (b. 1845) * November 3 – Sir Robert McAlpine, 1st Baronet, Sir Robert McAlpine, Scottish builder (b. 1847) * November 8 – James Mark Baldwin, American philosopher and psychologist (b.

) * November 16 ** Alice Liddell, English inspiration for ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (b. 1852) ** Carl von Linde, German scientist and engineer (b. 1842) **Georgi Todorov (general), Georgi Todorov, Bulgarian general (b.

) * November 20 – Willem de Sitter, Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer (b. 1872) * November 22 – Harry Steppe, American vaudeville performer (b. 1888) * November 24 – Jirō Tamon, Japanese general (b.

) * November 27 – Baby Face Nelson, American gangster (b. 1908) * November 30 – Hélène Boucher, French aviator (b. 1908)

December

* December 1 ** Sergey Kirov, Soviet politician (b. 1886) ** Blind Blake, American blues singer (b. 1896) *December 4 - Adrien de Gerlache, Belgian explorer (b. 1866) * December 5 – Oskar von Hutier, German general (b.

) * December 6 – Charles Michael, Duke of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b.

) *December 7 – Mary Baker McQuesten, Canadian letter writer and missionary (b. 1849) * December 9 – Alceste De Ambris, Italian syndicalist (b. 1874) * December 26 – Wallace Thurman, American writer (b. 1902) * December 28 ** Lowell Sherman, American actor and director (b. 1885) ** Pablo Gargallo, Spanish sculptor and painter (b. 1881)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Not awarded this year * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Harold Clayton Urey * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – George Hoyt Whipple, George Richards Minot, William Parry Murphy * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Luigi Pirandello * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Arthur Henderson

References

External links

The 1930s Timeline: 1934
– from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia {{DEFAULTSORT:1934 1934,