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January

*
January 11 Events Pre-1600 * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence. * 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muha ...
– Sir
Charles Kingsford Smith Sir Charles Edward Kingsford Smith (9 February 18978 November 1935), nicknamed Smithy, was an Australian aviation pioneer. He piloted the first transpacific flight and the first flight between Australia and New Zealand. Kingsford Smith was b ...
makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
– The
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washing ...
votes in favour of
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
independence, against the wishes of U.S. President Herbert Hoover. *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
– "
Pakistan Declaration The "Pakistan Declaration''"'' (titled ''Now or Never'') was a 1933 pamphlet by Rahmat Ali. It was presented to the delegates of the Third Round Table Conference on 28 January 1933, in which the term ''Pakstan'' (without the letter "i") was p ...
":
Choudhry Rahmat Ali Chaudhry Rahmat Ali (; ur, ; 16 November 1897 – 3 February 1951) was a Pakistani nationalist who was one of the earliest proponents of the creation of the state of Pakistan. He is credited with creating the name "Pakistan" for a separate M ...
publishes (in
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a College town, university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cam ...
, UK) a pamphlet entitled ''Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?'', in which he calls for the creation of a Muslim state in northwest India that he calls " Pakstan"; this influences the
Pakistan Movement The Pakistan Movement ( ur, , translit=Teḥrīk-e-Pākistān) was a political movement in the first half of the 20th century that aimed for the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-majority areas of British India. It was connected to the per ...
. * January 30 ** National Socialist German Workers Party leader
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
is appointed Chancellor of Germany by President of Germany
Paul von Hindenburg Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (; abbreviated ; 2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934) was a German field marshal and statesman who led the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany fr ...
. ** Édouard Daladier forms a government in France in succession to Joseph Paul-Boncour. He is succeeded on October 26 by
Albert Sarraut Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic. Biography Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. On 14 March 1907 Sarraut ...
and on November 26 by Camille Chautemps.


February

* February 1
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
gives his "Proclamation to the German People" in Berlin. * February 3 – Adolf Hitler gives a secret speech to his military leaders, outlining his plans to rearm Germany in defiance of the
Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June ...
, and to adopt a policy of ''
Lebensraum (, ''living space'') is a German concept of settler colonialism, the philosophy and policies of which were common to German politics from the 1890s to the 1940s. First popularized around 1901, '' lso in:' became a geopolitical goal of Imper ...
'' in eastern Europe. * February 5 – A mutiny starts on the Royal Netherlands Navy
coastal defence ship Coastal defence ships (sometimes called coastal battleships or coast defence ships) were warships built for the purpose of coastal defence, mostly during the period from 1860 to 1920. They were small, often cruiser-sized warships that sacrifi ...
''De Zeven Provinciën'' in the Dutch East Indies. After 6 days, it is bombed by a Dutch aircraft, killing 23 men, and the remaining mutineers surrender. * February 67 – Officers on the USS ''Ramapo'' record a 34-meter high sea-wave in the Pacific Ocean. *
February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland. *1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
The King and Country debate: The
Oxford Union The Oxford Union Society, commonly referred to simply as the Oxford Union, is a debating society in the city of Oxford England, whose membership is drawn primarily from the University of Oxford. Founded in 1823, it is one of Britain's oldest ...
student debating society in England passes a resolution stating, "That this House will in no circumstances fight for its King and country." *
February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, spar ...
– The New York City-based Postal Telegraph Company introduces the first singing telegram. * February 15 – In
Miami Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a coastal metropolis and the county seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida, United States. With a population of 442,241 at ...
,
Giuseppe Zangara Giuseppe Zangara (September 7, 1900 – March 20, 1933) was an Italian immigrant and naturalized United States citizen who attempted to assassinate the President-elect of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, on February 15, 1933, 17 ...
attempts to assassinate President-elect
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
, but instead fatally wounds the Mayor of Chicago,
Anton Cermak Anton Joseph Cermak ( cs, Antonín Josef Čermák, ; May 9, 1873 – March 6, 1933) was an American politician who served as the 44th mayor of Chicago, Illinois from April 7, 1931 until his death on March 6, 1933. He was killed by an assassin, ...
. * February 17 – The
Blaine Act The Blaine Act, formally titled Joint Resolution Proposing the Twenty-First Amendment to the United States Constitution, is a joint resolution adopted by the United States Congress on February 20, 1933, initiating repeal of the 18th Amendment to ...
passes the
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...
, submitting the proposed Twenty-first Amendment to the Constitution to the states for ratification. The amendment is ratified on December 5, ending prohibition in the United States. * February 27Reichstag fire: Germany's parliament building in Berlin, the Reichstag building, is set on fire under controversial circumstances. The following day, the
Reichstag Fire Decree The Reichstag Fire Decree (german: Reichstagsbrandverordnung) is the common name of the Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State (german: Verordnung des Reichspräsidenten zum Schutz von Volk und Staat) issued by Germ ...
is passed in response to the Reichstag fire, nullifying many German civil liberties. * February 28
English cricket team in Australia in 1932–33 A cricket team representing England toured Australia in the 1932–33 season. The tour was organised by the Marylebone Cricket Club and matches outside the Tests were played under the MCC name. The tour included five Test matches in Australia, ...
: The
England cricket team The England cricket team represents England and Wales in international cricket. Since 1997, it has been governed by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), having been previously governed by Marylebone Cricket Club (the MCC) since 1903. Engl ...
wins
The Ashes The Ashes is a Test cricket series played between England and Australia. The term originated in a satirical obituary published in a British newspaper, '' The Sporting Times'', immediately after Australia's 1882 victory at The Oval, its first ...
using the controversial
bodyline Bodyline, also known as fast leg theory bowling, was a cricketing tactic devised by the English cricket team for their 1932–33 Ashes tour of Australia. It was designed to combat the extraordinary batting skill of Australia's leading batsman ...
tactic.


March

*
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
- 1933 Sanriku earthquake: A powerful earthquake and
tsunami A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater exp ...
hit Honshū, Japan, killing approximately 3,000 people. *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
**
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
(FDR) is sworn in as the 32nd president of the United States, beginning his " first 100 days". In reference to the Great Depression, he proclaims "The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself" in his inauguration speech. It is the last time
Inauguration Day The inauguration of the president of the United States is a ceremony to mark the commencement of a new four-year term of the president of the United States. During this ceremony, between 73 to 79 days after the presidential election, the pres ...
in the United States occurs on March 4. ** The
Parliament of Austria The Austrian Parliament (german: Österreichisches Parlament) is the bicameral federal legislature of the Austrian Republic. It consists of two chambers – the National Council and the Federal Council. In specific cases, both houses convene ...
is suspended because of a quibble over procedure; Chancellor
Engelbert Dollfuss Engelbert Dollfuß (alternatively: ''Dolfuss'', ; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian clerical fascist politician who served as Chancellor of Austria between 1932 and 1934. Having served as Minister for Forests and Agriculture, he ...
initiates authoritarian rule by decree, an origin of
Austrofascism The Fatherland Front ( de-AT, Vaterländische Front, ''VF'') was the right-wing conservative, nationalist and corporatist ruling political organisation of the Federal State of Austria. It claimed to be a nonpartisan Nonpartisanism is a lack ...
. * March 5 ** The Great Depression: President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
declares a " Bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions (the 'holiday' ends on
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
). **
March 1933 German federal election Federal elections were held in Germany on 5 March 1933, after the Nazis lawfully acquired power pursuant to the terms of Weimar Constitution on 30 January 1933 and just six days after the Reichstag fire. Nazi stormtroopers had unleashed a wides ...
:
National Socialists Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...
gain 43.9% of the votes. * March 7 – The real-estate trading board game ''
Monopoly A monopoly (from Greek el, μόνος, mónos, single, alone, label=none and el, πωλεῖν, pōleîn, to sell, label=none), as described by Irving Fisher, is a market with the "absence of competition", creating a situation where a speci ...
'' is invented in the United States. *
March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a ...
– The 6.4 Long Beach earthquake shakes
Southern California Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. It includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, the second most populous urban a ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VIII (''Severe''), killing 115 people. * March 12Great Depression: Franklin Delano Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States, in the first of his " Fireside chats". * March 14 – Indonesian Association football club
Persib Bandung Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Bandung ( 'Indonesian Football Association of Bandung'), commonly referred to as Persib Bandung, or simply Persib, is a professional football club based in Bandung, West Java, which competes in Liga 1, the to ...
is founded as Bandoeng Inlandsche Voetbal Bond. *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 *474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odo ...
** The
Dow Jones Industrial Average The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), Dow Jones, or simply the Dow (), is a stock market index of 30 prominent companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. The DJIA is one of the oldest and most commonly followed equity inde ...
rises from 53.84 to 62.10. The day's gain of 15.34%, achieved during the depths of the Great Depression, remains the largest 1-day percentage gain for the index. ** Austrian Chancellor
Engelbert Dollfuss Engelbert Dollfuß (alternatively: ''Dolfuss'', ; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian clerical fascist politician who served as Chancellor of Austria between 1932 and 1934. Having served as Minister for Forests and Agriculture, he ...
keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the Austrofascist dictatorship. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...
** Dachau, the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed in Germany (it opens
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
to hold political prisoners). ** First of a series of meetings in the United States called by Jewish organizations calling for an international anti-Nazi boycott in response to the persecution of German Jews. **
Giuseppe Zangara Giuseppe Zangara (September 7, 1900 – March 20, 1933) was an Italian immigrant and naturalized United States citizen who attempted to assassinate the President-elect of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, on February 15, 1933, 17 ...
, the attempted assassin of
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
, is executed by the
electric chair An electric chair is a device used to execute an individual by electrocution. When used, the condemned person is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electrocuted through electrodes fastened on the head and leg. This execution method, ...
. *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
– President Franklin Roosevelt signs an amendment to the Volstead Act known as the
Cullen–Harrison Act The Cullen–Harrison Act, named for its sponsors, Senator Pat Harrison and Representative Thomas H. Cullen, enacted by the United States Congress on March 21, 1933, and signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt the following day, legalized the ...
, allowing the manufacture and sale of "3.2 beer" (3.2% alcohol by weight, approximately 4% alcohol by volume) and light wines. *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– '' Gleichschaltung'': The '' Reichstag'' passes the Enabling Act, making
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
dictator A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a small clique. The word originated as the title of a Roman dictator elected by the Roman Senate to rule the republic in tim ...
of Germany, curbing its own power. *
March 27 Events Pre-1600 *1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. * 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
– Japan announces it will leave the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ...
(due to a cancellation period of exactly two years, the egression becomes effective March 27, 1935). *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– Welsh journalist Gareth Jones makes the first report in the West of the Holodomor famine-genocide in Ukraine. * March 31 – The
Civilian Conservation Corps The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a voluntary government work relief program that ran from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men ages 18–25 and eventually expanded to ages 17–28. The CCC was a major part of ...
is established, with the mission of relieving rampant unemployment in the United States.


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– The recently elected
Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in N ...
(under Julius Streicher) organize a one-day boycott of all Jewish-owned businesses in Germany. *
April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. J ...
– As a member of the English cricket team touring New Zealand, 1933, batsman Wally Hammond scores a record 336 runs in a test match at Eden Park,
Auckland Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The most populous urban area in the country and the fifth largest city in Oceania, Auckland has an urban population of about ...
. *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. *1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. * ...
** An anti-monarchist rebellion occurs in Siam (
Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
). ** The first flight over
Mount Everest Mount Everest (; Tibetic languages, Tibetan: ''Chomolungma'' ; ) is List of highest mountains on Earth, Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border ru ...
is made by the British Houston-Mount Everest Flight Expedition, led by the Marquis of Clydesdale, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston. * April 4 – American airship ''
Akron Akron () is the fifth-largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Summit County. It is located on the western edge of the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau, about south of downtown Cleveland. As of the 2020 Census, the city ...
'' crashes off the coast of
New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...
, killing 73 of its 76 crewmen. It is the worst aviation accident in history up to this date (and until
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 crashes in a snowstorm. All 19 ...
). * April 5 ** The
International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...
in
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital o ...
decides that
Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...
belongs to Denmark, and condemns Norwegian landings on eastern Greenland. Norway submits to the decision. **
President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
declares a national emergency and issues
Executive Order 6102 Executive Order 6102 is an executive order signed on April 5, 1933, by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt "forbidding the hoarding of gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates within the continental United States." The executive order w ...
, making it illegal for U.S. citizens to own substantial amounts of monetary gold or bullion. *
April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...
** Sale of some beer is legalized in the United States under the Cullen-Harrison Act of March 22, eight months before the full repeal of
Prohibition Prohibition is the act or practice of forbidding something by law; more particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage (whether in barrels or in bottles), transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcohol ...
in December. ** The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service is passed in Germany, the first law of the new regime directed against Jews (as well as political opponents). *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. *1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrare ...
– Aviator
Bill Lancaster William Henry Lancaster (November 17, 1947 – January 4, 1997) was an American screenwriter and actor. Early life He was born November 17, 1947, in Los Angeles, California, the son of Burt Lancaster (1913–1994) and Norma Anderson (1917–198 ...
takes off from Lympne in England, in an attempt to make a speed record to the Cape of Good Hope, but vanishes (his body is not found in the
Sahara Desert , photo = Sahara real color.jpg , photo_caption = The Sahara taken by Apollo 17 astronauts, 1972 , map = , map_image = , location = , country = , country1 = , ...
until
1962 Events January * January 1 – Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand. * January 3 – Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro for preaching communism. * January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the wor ...
). * April 13 – The Children and Young Persons Act is passed in the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
. * April 21
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
outlaws the kosher ritual
shechita In Judaism, ''shechita'' (anglicized: ; he, ; ; also transliterated ''shehitah, shechitah, shehita'') is slaughtering of certain mammals and birds for food according to ''kashrut''. Sources states that sheep and cattle should be slaughtere ...
. *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
**
Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany Jehovah's Witnesses suffered religious persecution in Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 after refusing to perform military service, join Nazi organizations, or give allegiance to the Hitler regime. An estimated 10,000 Witnesses—half of the num ...
begins with seizure of the Bible Students' office in Magdeburg. ** Jewish physicians in Nazi Germany are excluded from official insurance schemes, forcing many to give up their practices. *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1 ...
** The
Gestapo The (), abbreviated Gestapo (; ), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of Prussia into one orga ...
secret police Secret police (or political police) are intelligence, security or police agencies that engage in covert operations against a government's political, religious, or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of ...
is established in Nazi Germany by
Hermann Göring Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering; ; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German politician, military leader and convicted war criminal. He was one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party, which ruled Germany from 1933 to 1 ...
. ** Editors of the ''
Harvard Lampoon ''The Harvard Lampoon'' is an undergraduate humor publication founded in 1876 by seven undergraduates at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Overview The ''Harvard Lampoon'' publication was founded in 1876 by seven undergraduates ...
'' steal the Sacred Cod of Massachusetts from the State House (it is returned two days later). * April 27 – The Stahlhelm veterans' organization joins the
Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
party in Germany.


May

*
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
** '' Gleichschaltung'':
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
prohibits
trade union A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ...
s. ** The first alleged modern sighting of the
Loch Ness Monster The Loch Ness Monster ( gd, Uilebheist Loch Nis), affectionately known as Nessie, is a creature in Scottish folklore that is said to inhabit Loch Ness in the Scottish Highlands. It is often described as large, long-necked, and with one or mor ...
occurs. *
May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. * 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...
** In the
Irish Free State The Irish Free State ( ga, Saorstát Éireann, , ; 6 December 192229 December 1937) was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921. The treaty ended the three-year Irish War of Independence between ...
, Dáil Éireann abolishes the oath of allegiance to the British Crown. ** Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first woman to be named director of the
United States Mint The United States Mint is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury responsible for producing coinage for the United States to conduct its trade and commerce, as well as controlling the movement of bullion. It does not produce paper money; tha ...
. *
May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. *1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. *1260 – Kub ...
– The detection by Karl Jansky of radio waves from the center of the
Milky Way The Milky Way is the galaxy that includes our Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. ...
Galaxy is reported in ''The New York Times''. The discovery leads to the birth of
radio astronomy Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies. The first detection of radio waves from an astronomical object was in 1933, when Karl Jansky at Bell Telephone Laboratories reported radiation comin ...
. * May 8Mohandas Gandhi begins a 3-week
hunger strike A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke a feeling of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most ...
, because of the mistreatment of the lower castes in
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
. * May 10
Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...
declares war on Bolivia. *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 *1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. *1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Flo ...
Vidkun Quisling Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling (, ; 18 July 1887 – 24 October 1945) was a Norwegian military officer, politician and Nazi collaborator who nominally list of heads of government of Norway, headed the government of Norway during t ...
and Johan Bernhard Hjort form the
Nasjonal Samling Nasjonal Samling (, NS; ) was a Norwegian far-right political party active from 1933 to 1945. It was the only legal party of Norway from 1942 to 1945. It was founded by former minister of defence Vidkun Quisling and a group of supporters such ...
(the National-Socialist Party) of Norway. * May 18New Deal: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs an act creating the
Tennessee Valley Authority The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federally owned electric utility corporation in the United States. TVA's service area covers all of Tennessee, portions of Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, and small areas of Georgia, North Carolin ...
. * May 26 – The
Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
Party in Germany introduces a law to legalize
eugenic Eugenics ( ; ) is a fringe set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population. Historically, eugenicists have attempted to alter human gene pools by excluding people and groups judged to be inferior or ...
sterilization. * May 27 ** New Deal in the United States: The Federal Securities Act is signed into law, requiring the registration of securities with the Federal Trade Commission. ** The ''
Century of Progress A Century of Progress International Exposition, also known as the Chicago World's Fair, was a world's fair held in the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States, from 1933 to 1934. The fair, registered under the Bureau International des Expositi ...
''
World's Fair A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...
opens in Chicago.


June

* June – The Holodomor famine-genocide in
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
reaches its peak, with 30,000 deaths from man-made starvation each day. The average life expectancy for a Ukrainian male born this year is 7.3 years. * June 5 – The
U.S. Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washin ...
abrogates the United States' use of the
gold standard A gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is based on a fixed quantity of gold. The gold standard was the basis for the international monetary system from the 1870s to the early 1920s, and from the l ...
, by enacting a joint resolution nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold. * June 6 – The first
drive-in movie theater A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movie ...
opens in Pennsauken Township, near Camden, New Jersey. * June 12 – The London Economic Conference is held. * June 17Union Station massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri,
Pretty Boy Floyd Charles Arthur Floyd (February 3, 1904 – October 22, 1934), nicknamed Pretty Boy Floyd, was an American bank robber. He operated in the West and Central states, and his criminal exploits gained widespread press coverage in the 1930s. He was s ...
kills an FBI agent, 3 local police, and the person they intended to rescue, captured bank robber
Frank Nash Frank Nash (February 6, 1887 – June 17, 1933) was an American bank robber, and has been called "the most successful bank robber in U.S. history." He is most noted for his violent death in the Kansas City Massacre. Nash spent part of his child ...
. * June 21 – All non-
Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
political parties are forbidden in Germany. *
June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
– Wilmersdorfer Tennishallen delegates convene in Berlin to protest against the
persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany Jehovah's Witnesses suffered religious persecution in Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 after refusing to perform military service, join Nazi organizations, or give allegiance to the Hitler regime. An estimated 10,000 Witnesses—half of the num ...
. *
June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– The ''American Totalisator Company'' unveils its first electronic pari-mutuel betting machine, at the Arlington Park race track near Chicago and the founding of 20th Century Pictures.


July

* July 1 ** The
London Passenger Transport Board The London Passenger Transport Board was the organisation responsible for local public transport in London and its environs from 1933 to 1948. In common with all London transport authorities from 1933 to 2000, the public name and brand was Lond ...
begins operation. ** Business Plot:
Smedley Butler Major general (United States), Major General Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30, 1881June 21, 1940), nicknamed the "Maverick Marine", was a senior United States Marine Corps Officer (armed forces), officer who fought in the Philippine–American ...
becomes involved in a coup attempt led by Gerald MacGuire against President of the United States Franklin Delano Roosevelt which fails (according to his own testimony in 1934). * July 4
Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...
is sentenced to prison in India. *
July 6 Events Pre-1600 * 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility. * 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt ...
– The first
Major League Baseball All-Star Game The Major League Baseball All-Star Game, also known as the "Midsummer Classic", is an annual professional baseball game sanctioned by Major League Baseball (MLB) and contested between the all-stars from the American League (AL) and National ...
is played at Comiskey Park in Chicago. * July 8 – The first
rugby union Rugby union, commonly known simply as rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In it ...
test match Test match in some sports refers to a sporting contest between national representative teams and may refer to: * Test cricket * Test match (indoor cricket) * Test match (rugby union) * Test match (rugby league) * Test match (association football) ...
is played between the Wallabies of Australia and the Springboks of South Africa, at Newlands in
Cape Town Cape Town ( af, Kaapstad; , xh, iKapa) is one of South Africa's three capital cities, serving as the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. It is the legislative capital of the country, the oldest city in the country, and the second largest ...
. * July 14 – In
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
: ** Formation of new political parties is forbidden. ** The Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring is enacted, allowing
compulsory sterilization Compulsory sterilization, also known as forced or coerced sterilization, is a government-mandated program to involuntarily sterilize a specific group of people. Sterilization removes a person's capacity to reproduce, and is usually done throug ...
of citizens suffering from a list of alleged
genetic disorders A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome. It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosomal abnormality. Although polygenic disorders ...
. *
July 15 Events Pre-1600 *484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome * 70 – First Jewish–Roman War: Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. ( 17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar). * 756 – ...
** The Four-Power Pact is signed by Britain, France, Germany and Italy. ** The International Left Opposition (ILO) is renamed the International Communist League (ICL). *
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
Reichskonkordat The ''Reichskonkordat'' ("Concordat between the Holy See and the German Reich") is a treaty negotiated between the Vatican and the emergent Nazi Germany. It was signed on 20 July 1933 by Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli, who later be ...
: Vatican state secretary Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) signs an accord with Germany. * July 22 **
Wiley Post Wiley Hardeman Post (November 22, 1898 – August 15, 1935) was a famed American aviator during the interwar period and the first pilot to fly solo around the world. Also known for his work in high-altitude flying, Post helped develop on ...
becomes the first person to fly solo around the world, landing at
Floyd Bennett Field Floyd Bennett Field is an airfield in the Marine Park neighborhood of southeast Brooklyn in New York City, along the shore of Jamaica Bay. The airport originally hosted commercial and general aviation traffic before being used as a naval air ...
in
Brooklyn Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, be ...
, New York, after traveling eastabout in 7 days 18 hours 45 minutes. ** "
Machine Gun Kelly George Kelly Barnes (July 18, 1895 – July 18, 1954), better known by his pseudonym "Machine Gun Kelly", was an American gangster from Memphis, Tennessee, active during the Prohibition era. His nickname came from his favorite weapon, a Thom ...
" and
Albert Bates Albert Kealiinui Bates (born January 1, 1947) is a member of the intentional community and ecovillage movements. A lawyer, author and teacher, he has been director of the Global Village Institute for Appropriate Technology since 1984 and of th ...
kidnap Charles Urschel, an Oklahoma oilman, and demand $200,000 ransom.


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– The Blue Eagle emblem of the National Recovery Administration in the United States is displayed publicly for the first time. * August 2 – The Stalin
White Sea–Baltic Canal The White Sea–Baltic Canal (russian: Беломо́рско-Балти́йский кана́л, , ), often abbreviated to White Sea Canal () is a ship canal in Russia opened on 2 August 1933. It connects the White Sea, in the Arctic Ocean, with ...
, a 227 km
ship canal A ship canal is a canal especially intended to accommodate ships used on the oceans, seas, or lakes to which it is connected. Definition Ship canals can be distinguished from barge canals, which are intended to carry barges and other vessel ...
constructed using forced labour in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
, opens, connecting the White Sea with
Lake Onega Lake Onega (; also known as Onego, rus, Оне́жское о́зеро, r=Onezhskoe ozero, p=ɐˈnʲɛʂskəɪ ˈozʲɪrə; fi, Ääninen, Äänisjärvi; vep, Änine, Änižjärv) is a lake in northwestern Russia, on the territory of the Repu ...
and the Baltic. *
August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
Simele massacre The Simele massacre, also known as the Assyrian affair, was committed by the Kingdom of Iraq, led by Bakr Sidqi, during a campaign systematically targeting the Assyrians in and around Simele in August 1933. An estimated 600 to 6,000 Assyrians ...
: More than 3,000 Assyrian Iraqis are killed by
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
i government troops. *
August 12 Events Pre-1600 *1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade. * 1121 – B ...
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from ...
makes his first speech publicly warning of the dangers of German rearmament. * August 14 – Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of
Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. T ...
, later known as the first forest fire of the
Tillamook Burn The Tillamook Burn was a series of forest fires in the Northern Oregon Coast Range of Oregon in the United States that destroyed a total area of of old growth timber in what is now known as the Tillamook State Forest. There were four wildfir ...
. It is extinguished on
September 5 Events Pre-1600 * 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu. *1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava *1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry ...
, after destroying . *
August 25 Events Pre-1600 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
– The Diexi earthquake shakes
Mao County Mao County or Maoxian (; ; Qiang: ʂqini) is a county in Ngawa Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. It has an area of 3,903 and a population of 106,700 as of 2006. 88.9% of the population are Qiang people. The county seat is Fengyi (). Natu ...
,
Sichuan Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the ...
, China and kills 9,000 people. *
August 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple. * 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. *1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...
– German-Jewish philosopher Theodor Lessing is shot in Marienbad ( Mariánské Lázně),
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
, dying the following day.


September

*
September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin ...
**
Alejandro Lerroux Alejandro Lerroux García (4 March 1864, in La Rambla, Córdoba – 25 June 1949, in Madrid) was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party. He served as Prime Minister three times from 1933 to 1935 and held severa ...
forms a new government in Spain. **
Leó Szilárd Leo Szilard (; hu, Szilárd Leó, pronounced ; born Leó Spitz; February 11, 1898 – May 30, 1964) was a Hungarian-German-American physicist and inventor. He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933, patented the idea of a nuclear ...
, waiting for a red light on
Southampton Row The A4200 is a major thoroughfare in central London. It runs between the A4 at Aldwych, to the A400 Hampstead Road/Camden High Street, at Mornington Crescent tube station. Kingsway Kingsway is a major road in central London, designa ...
in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. *
September 26 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. * 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. *1087 – William II is crown ...
– A hurricane destroys the town of
Tampico Tampico is a city and port in the southeastern part of the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. It is located on the north bank of the Pánuco River, about inland from the Gulf of Mexico, and directly north of the state of Veracruz. Tampico is the fifth ...
,
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
.


October

*
October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
Engelbert Dollfuss Engelbert Dollfuß (alternatively: ''Dolfuss'', ; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian clerical fascist politician who served as Chancellor of Austria between 1932 and 1934. Having served as Minister for Forests and Agriculture, he ...
, leader of the Fatherland's Front in Austria, is seriously injured in a failed assassination attempt. *
October 7 Events Pre-1600 * 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar. * 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon. * 1477 ...
Air France Air France (; formally ''Société Air France, S.A.''), stylised as AIRFRANCE, is the flag carrier of France headquartered in Tremblay-en-France. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM Group and a founding member of the SkyTeam global a ...
is formed by the merger of five French airline companies, beginning operations with 250 planes. *
October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. *1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
1933 United Airlines Boeing 247 mid-air explosion __NOTOC__ On October 10, 1933, United Air Lines Trip 23, a Boeing 247 airliner operated by United Air Lines and registered as crashed near Chesterton, Indiana, United States. The transcontinental flight carried three crew and four passengers ...
: A bomb destroys a
United Airlines United Airlines, Inc. (commonly referred to as United), is a major American airline headquartered at the Willis Tower in Chicago, Illinois.
Boeing 247 The Boeing Model 247 is an early United States airliner, and one of the first such aircraft to incorporate advances such as all-metal ( anodized aluminum) semimonocoque construction, a fully cantilevered wing, and retractable landing gear.
on a transcontinental flight in mid-air near Chesterton, Indiana, killing all 7 on board, in the first proven case of sabotage in civil aviation, although no suspect is ever identified. *
October 12 Events Pre-1600 * 539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar) * 633 – Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed by an alliance u ...
– The United States Army Disciplinary Barracks on
Alcatraz Alcatraz Island () is a small island in San Francisco Bay, offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The island was developed in the mid-19th century with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, and a military pris ...
is acquired by the
United States Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the United States government tasked with the enforcement of federal law and administration of justice in the United Stat ...
, which plans to incorporate the island into its
Federal Bureau of Prisons The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the Department of Justice that is responsible for the care, custody, and control of incarcerated individuals who have committed federal crimes; that i ...
as a
penitentiary A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correcti ...
. *
October 13 Events Pre-1600 * 54 – Roman emperor Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son Nero, rather than by Britannicus, his son with Messalina. * 409 – Vandals and Alans cross the P ...
– The British Interplanetary Society is founded. * October 14 – Germany announces its withdrawal from the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ...
and the World Disarmament Conference, after the U.S., the U.K. and France deny its request to increase its defense armaments under the Versailles Treaty. * October 1416 – The new constitution of
Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...
is approved only on the third consecutive referendum. *
October 16 Events Pre-1600 * 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire. * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire. * ...
Parricides committed in the United States by Victor Licata lead to calls for the legal prohibition of
cannabis ''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized: '' Cannabis sativa'', '' C. indica'', and '' C. ruderalis''. Alternative ...
. *
October 17 Events Pre-1600 * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty of China. *1091 – London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London. *1346 – The English capture King Davi ...
– Scientist
Albert Einstein Albert Einstein ( ; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory ...
arrives in the United States, where he settles permanently as a refugee from
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
, and takes up a position at the
Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), located in Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States, is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent schola ...
,
Princeton, New Jersey Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It was established on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township, both of whi ...
.


November

* November 5 – Spanish Basque people vote for autonomy. *
November 8 Events Pre-1600 * 960 – Battle of Andrassos: Byzantines under Leo Phokas the Younger score a crushing victory over the Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo, Sayf al-Dawla. *1278 – Trần Thánh Tông, the second emperor of the Trần dynasty, ...
New Deal: U.S. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed. * November 11
Dust Bowl The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. The phenomenon was caused by a combination of both natural factors (severe drought) a ...
: In
South Dakota South Dakota (; Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state in the North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes, who comprise a large porti ...
, a very strong
dust storm A dust storm, also called a sandstorm, is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions. Dust storms arise when a gust front or other strong wind blows loose sand and dirt from a dry surface. Fine particles are transp ...
("the great black blizzard") strips topsoil from desiccated farmlands (one of a series of disastrous dust storms this year). * November 12 – Japan Precision Optical Industry, predecessor of the global
Canon Canon or Canons may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Canon (fiction), the conceptual material accepted as official in a fictional universe by its fan base * Literary canon, an accepted body of works considered as high culture ** Western ca ...
camera A camera is an optical instrument that can capture an image. Most cameras can capture 2D images, with some more advanced models being able to capture 3D images. At a basic level, most cameras consist of sealed boxes (the camera body), with a ...
and
photocopier A photocopier (also called copier or copy machine, and formerly Xerox machine, the generic trademark) is a machine that makes copies of documents and other visual images onto paper or plastic film quickly and cheaply. Most modern photocopiers ...
brand A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create ...
is founded in Japan. *
November 16 Events Pre-1600 * 951 – Emperor Li Jing sends a Southern Tang expeditionary force of 10,000 men under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing removes the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing, ending the Chu Kingdom. *1272 – Whi ...
** The United States and the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
establish formal
diplomatic relations Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...
. ** American aviator Jimmie Angel becomes the first foreigner to see the
Angel Falls Angel Falls ( es, Salto Ángel; Pemon language: ''Kerepakupai Merú'' meaning "waterfall of the deepest place", or ''Parakupá Vená'', meaning "the fall from the highest point") is a waterfall in Venezuela. It is the world's tallest unint ...
in
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
(they are named after him). * November 19
Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, after the deposition of King Alfonso XIII, and was dissolved on 1 ...
: General elections result in victory by the right-wing parties. * November 22 – The
Fujian People's Government The Fujian People's Government (or spelled as the Fukien People's Government) is the common name for the People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China (1933–1934) (), also known as the Fujian People's Government (), was a s ...
is declared in
Fujian Province Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...
, China.


December

*
December 5 Events Pre-1600 * 63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations. * 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville. * 1033 – The Jordan Rift Valley earthquake destroys multipl ...
– The
Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution The Twenty-first Amendment (Amendment XXI) to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which had mandated nationwide prohibition on alcohol. The Twenty-first Amendment was proposed by ...
is ratified, repealing
Prohibition Prohibition is the act or practice of forbidding something by law; more particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage (whether in barrels or in bottles), transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcohol ...
. * December 15 – The 21st Amendment officially goes into effect, making alcohol legal in the United States. * December 17 - The first NFL Championship game in American football is played. The Chicago Bears defeat the New York Giants 23-21. *
December 21 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69 – The Roman Senate declares Vespasian emperor of Rome, the last in the Year of the Four Emperors. *1124 – Pope Honorius II is consecrated, having been elected after the controversial dethroning of Pope Celes ...
** Newfoundland returns to Crown colony status, following financial collapse. ** The British Plastics Federation (the oldest in the world) is founded. *
December 23 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – The Arian Vandal Kingdom ceases its persecution of Nicene Christianity. * 558 – Chlothar I is crowned King of the Franks. * 583 – Maya queen Yohl Ik'nal is crowned ruler of Palenque. * 962 &ndas ...
Lagny-Pomponne rail accident: A train crash in Lagny, France kills over 200. *
December 26 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. * 1481 – Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Bu ...
** The Nissan Motor Company is organized in Tokyo, Japan. ** FM radio is patented. *
December 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. * ...
– Members of the Iron Guard assassinate Ion Gheorghe Duca, prime minister of
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...
.


Date unknown

*
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
concludes a treaty with the creditors of the former
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
to schedule the payments in Paris (Turkey succeeds in clearing all the debt in less than twenty years). * The first dated Inter-School Christian Fellowship group is started in Australia at
North Sydney Boys High School North Sydney Boys High School (abbreviated as NSBHS) is a government-funded, single-sex, academically selective secondary day school for boys, located at Crows Nest, on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. In 2022, Nor ...
, with the group continuing into the 21st century. * The '' Adélaïde Concerto'', a spurious work attributed to
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...
, is published as "edited" (actually composed) by Marius Casadesus.


Births


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
Joe Orton, English playwright (d.
1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
) * January 2
On Kawara was a Japanese conceptual artist who lived in New York City from 1965. He took part in many solo and group exhibitions, including the Venice Biennale in 1976. Early life Kawara was born in Kariya, Japan on December 24, 1932. After graduating fro ...
, Japanese conceptual artist (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * January 6
Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov (russian: Олег Григорьевич Макаров; 6 January 1933 28 May 2003) was a Soviet cosmonaut. Early life and education Makarov was born in Udomlya, Tver Oblast, USSR. He graduated from Bauman Moscow ...
, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2003) * January 7Diane Leather, English athlete (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * January 8
Supriya Devi Supriya Devi (Supriya Choudhury; 8 January 1933 – 26 January 2018) was an Indian actress who is known for her work in Bengali cinema for more than 50 years. She is best known for her portrayal of Neeta in Ritwik Ghatak's Bengali film '' Megh ...
, Indian Bengali actress (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) *
January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. * 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...
Liliana Cavani Liliana Cavani (born 12 January 1933, Carpi, Italy) is an Italian film director and screenwriter. She belongs to a generation of Italian filmmakers from Emilia-Romagna that came into prominence in the 1970s, including Bernardo Bertolucci, Pier P ...
, Italian film director and screenwriter * January 13 – Tom Gola, American basketball player (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * January 14 – Stan Brakhage, American filmmaker (d. 2003) * January 15 – Ernest J. Gaines, American author (d. 2019) * January 16 – Susan Sontag, American author (d. 2004) *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
** Dalida, French singer (d. 1987) ** Shari Lewis, American ventriloquist (d. 1998) ** Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan, French U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (d. 2003) * January 18 ** David Bellamy, English author, broadcaster, environmental campaigner and botanist (d. 2019) ** John Boorman, English film director * January 21 – Habib Thiam, Senegal politician (d. 2017) * January 23 ** Bill Hayden, Australian politician, 21st Governor-General of Australia ** Chita Rivera, American actress, dancer * January 25 – Corazon Aquino, 11th President of the Philippines (d. 2009) * January 27 – Nikolai Fadeyechev, Soviet and Russian ballet dancer and teacher (d. 2020)


February

* February 2 – Tony Jay, English-American actor and voice artist (d. 2006) * February 5 ** Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, Nicaraguan diplomat, politician and priest (d. 2017) ** Jörn Donner, Finnish writer, film director and politician (d. 2020) * February 8 ** Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria, Austro-Hungarian royal (d. 2017) ** Elly Ameling, Dutch soprano * February 12 – Costa-Gavras, Greek-born director, writer * February 13 ** Paul Biya, 2nd President of Cameroon ** Kim Novak, American actress ** Emanuel Ungaro, French fashion designer (d. 2019) * February 14 – Madhubala, Indian actress (d. 1969) * February 17 – Syed Sajjad Ali Shah, 13th Chief Justice of Pakistan (d. 2017) * February 18 ** Yoko Ono, Japanese-born singer, artist and widow of John Lennon ** Sir Bobby Robson, English soccer player, manager (d. 2009) **Frank Moores, second Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador (d. 2005) * February 21 ** Bob Rafelson, American film director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2022) ** Nina Simone, African-American singer (d. 2003) * February 22 ** Katharine, Duchess of Kent, British royal, musician and patron of the arts ** Christopher Ondaatje, Ceylonese-born travel writer, biographer and philanthropist * February 23 – Lee Calhoun, American athlete (d. 1989) * February 26 – Lubomyr Husar, Ukrainian Catholic bishop (d. 2017) * February 28 – Charles Vinci, American weightlifter (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
)


March

*
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
** Alfredo Landa, Spanish actor (d. 2013) ** Tomas Milian, Cuban-American-Italian actor (d. 2017) ** Lee Radziwill, American socialite, sister of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis (d. 2019) * March 7 – Jackie Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1998) * March 12 – Jesús Gil, Spanish right-wing politician, construction businessman and football team owner (d. 2004) *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
– Mike Stoller, American songwriter * March 14 ** Margrith Bigler-Eggenberger Swiss judge (d. 2022) ** Michael Caine, Sir Michael Caine, English actor and author ** René Felber, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 2020) ** Quincy Jones, African-American music producer, composer *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 *474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odo ...
** Philippe de Broca, French film director (d. 2004) ** Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 2020) * March 17 – Penelope Lively, English writer * March 18 – Unita Blackwell, African-American civil rights activist (d. 2019) * March 19 ** Edward G. Robinson Jr., American actor (d. 1974) ** Philip Roth, American novelist (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Michel Sabbah, Israeli patriarch ** Renée Taylor, American actress, screenwriter, playwright, producer and director *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
** Abolhassan Banisadr, 1st President of Iran (d. 2021) ** May Britt, Swedish actress ** Buddy MacKay, American politician, diplomat, 42nd Governor of Florida *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist, professor at Stanford University *
March 27 Events Pre-1600 *1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. * 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
– Michel Guérard, French chef * March 28 – Tete Montoliu, Catalonian jazz pianist (d. 1997) * March 30 – Jean-Claude Brialy, French actor and director (d. 2007) * March 31 – Nichita Stănescu, Romanian poet and essayist (d. 1983)


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
** Dan Flavin, American artist (d. 1996) ** Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, French physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel laureate * April 4 ** Frits Bolkestein, Dutch politician ** Brian Hewson, English athlete (d. 2022) * April 5 – Frank Gorshin, American actor (''Batman (TV series), Batman'') (d. 2005) * April 6 – Henryk Niedźwiedzki, Polish boxer (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) *
April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...
** Wayne Rogers, American actor (''M*A*S*H (TV series), M*A*S*H'') (d. 2015) ** Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Persian-American Islamic scholar * April 9 ** Jean-Paul Belmondo, French actor (d. 2021) ** Gian Maria Volonté, Italian actor (d. 1994) *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. *1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrare ...
– Denis Goldberg, South African social campaigner (d. 2020) * April 12 ** Montserrat Caballé, Catalan operatic soprano (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Ben Nighthorse Campbell, American politician * April 14 ** Yuri Oganessian, Russian nuclear physicist ** Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, Boris Strugatsky, Soviet-Russian science fiction author (d. 2012) * April 15 ** Roy Clark, American country musician (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress (''Bewitched'') (d. 1995) * April 16 – Marcos Alonso (footballer, born 1933), Marcos Alonso, Spanish footballer (d. 2012) * April 19 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d.
1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
) * April 21 – Ian Carr, Scottish jazz musician, composer, writer and educator (d. 2009) * April 23 – Frederic Pryor, American economist (d. 2019) * April 25 – Jerry Leiber, American composer (d. 2011) *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1 ...
** Carol Burnett, American actress, singer and comedian ** Arno Allan Penzias, German-born physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel laureate ** Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Puerto Rican activist (d. 2005) * April 29 ** Mark Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium ** Rod McKuen, American singer, songwriter and poet (d. 2015) ** Willie Nelson, American singer, songwriter, musician, actor, producer, author, poet and activist * April 30 – Vittorio Merloni, Italian entrepreneur (d. 2016)


May

*
May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. * 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...
** James Brown, African-American soul musician (''I Got You (I Feel Good)'') (d. 2006) ** Steven Weinberg, American physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel laureate (d. 2021) *
May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. *1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. *1260 – Kub ...
– Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, 2-time prime minister of Sri Lanka (d. 2016) * May 7 ** Johnny Unitas, American football player (d. 2002) ** Nexhmije Pagarusha, Albanian singer and actress (d. 2020) * May 10 – Barbara Taylor Bradford, English writer * May 11 – Louis Farrakhan, African-American Muslim leader * May 14 – Siân Phillips, Welsh actress * May 18 ** H. D. Deve Gowda, Indian politician, 11th Prime Minister of India ** Carroll Hardy, American baseball player (d. 2020) * May 21 – Maurice André, French trumpeter (d. 2012) * May 22 – Chen Jingrun, Chinese mathematician (d. 1996) * May 23 – Joan Collins, English actress (''Dynasty (1981 TV series), Dynasty'') * May 27 – Edward S. Rogers Jr., Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2008) * May 29 – Helmuth Rilling, German conductor


June

* June 1 ** Charlie Wilson (Texas politician), Charlie Wilson, American politician (d. 2010) ** Haruo Remeliik, 1st president of Palau (d. 1985) * June 3 – Celso Torrelio, 58th president of Bolivia (d. 1999) * June 4 – Godfried Danneels, Belgian cardinal (d. 2019) * June 6 – Heinrich Rohrer, Swiss physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013) * June 7 ** Juan R. Torruella, Puerto Rican Olympic sailor and jurist (d. 2020) ** Beverly Wills, American actress (d. 1963) * June 8 – Joan Rivers, American actress, comedian, television host (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * June 10 – F. Lee Bailey, American lawyer (d. 2021) * June 11 – Gene Wilder, American actor (d. 2016) * June 12 – Eddie Adams (photographer), Eddie Adams, American photographer and photojournalist (d. 2004) * June 13 – Sven-Olov Sjödelius, Swedish sprint canoeist (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * June 14 ** Svetlin Rusev, Bulgarian artist (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019), Henri, Count of Paris, French noble (d. 2019) * June 15 – Mohammad-Ali Rajai, 2nd president of Iran, 47th prime minister of Iran (d. 1981) * June 17 – Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (d. 1970) * June 19 – Viktor Patsayev, Russian cosmonaut (d. 1971) * June 20 ** Danny Aiello, American actor (d. 2019) ** Peter T. Kirstein, British computer scientist (d. 2020) * June 21 – Bernie Kopell, American actor and comedian * June 22 ** Dianne Feinstein, American politician, Senator and mayor of San Francisco ** Libor Pešek, Czech conductor (d. 2022) * June 23 – Abel Alier, South Sudanese politician and judge * June 24 ** Sam Jones (basketball, born 1933), Sam Jones, American basketball player (d. 2021) ** Ngina Kenyatta, First Lady of Kenya *
June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
** James Meredith, American civil rights activist and writer ** Hong Sook-ja, South Korean politician, feminist ** Álvaro Siza, Portuguese architect *
June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * June 28 – V. Sasisekharan, Indian molecular biologist * June 29 – Hayes Alan Jenkins, American figure skater * June 30 – Lea Massari, Italian actress


July

* July 3 ** Carmen Barbará, Spanish comics artist, illustrator ** Maximilian, Margrave of Baden, German prince ** Lidy Stoppelman, Dutch figure skater *
July 6 Events Pre-1600 * 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility. * 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt ...
– Reza Davari Ardakani, Iranian philosopher * July 7 ** J. J. Barrie, Canadian songwriter and singer ** Murray Halberg, New Zealand runner (d. 2022) ** David McCullough, American historian and author (d. 2022) * July 9 – Oliver Sacks, English-born neurologist (d. 2015) * July 10 – Bernard P. Randolph, United States Air Force General (d. 2021) * July 11 ** Joyce Piliso-Seroke, South-African educator, activist, feminist and community organizer ** György Czakó, Hungarian figure skater ** Robert Spence (engineer), Robert Spence, British engineer * July 14 ** Franz, Duke of Bavaria, German royal ** Dumaagiin Sodnom, 13th prime minister of Mongolia *
July 15 Events Pre-1600 *484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome * 70 – First Jewish–Roman War: Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. ( 17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar). * 756 – ...
** Julian Bream, English guitarist and lutenist (d. 2020) ** Guido Crepax, Italian comics artist (d. 2003) ** M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian writer * July 16 ** Julian Klymkiw, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2022) ** Julian A. Brodsky, American businessman ** Gheorghe Cozorici, Romanian actor (d. 1993) * July 17 – Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici, 9th prime minister of Malta (d. 2022) * July 18 ** Gaston Orellana, Spanish painter ** Syd Mead, American industrial and conceptual designer (d. 2019) ** Jean Yanne, French humorist and film actor and director (d. 2003) ** Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russian poet (d. 2017) * July 19 – Michel Lévêque, French diplomat and politician *
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– Cormac McCarthy, American Pulitzer Prize-winning author * July 21 – Herman Timme, Dutch decathlete * July 23 – Richard Rogers, Italian-born British architect (d. 2021) * July 29 – Lou Albano, Italian-American professional wrestler, manager and actor (d. 2009)


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Dom DeLuise, American actor, comedian (d. 2009) * August 2 – Tom Bell (actor), Tom Bell, English actor (d. 2006) * August 4 ** Sheldon Adelson, American businessman and casino magnate (d. 2021) ** Anthony Anenih, Nigerian politician (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * August 6 – Suchinda Kraprayoon, 19th Prime Minister of Thailand *
August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
** Elinor Ostrom, American economist, academic and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012) ** Jerry Pournelle, American science fiction writer (d. 2017) * August 9 - Tetsuko Kuroyanagi, Japanese actress, Goodwill Ambassdor for UNICEF * August 10 ** Silvia Caos, Cuban-Mexican actress (d. 2006) ** Doyle Brunson, American poker player ** Lynn Cohen, American actress (d. 2020) * August 11 – Jerry Falwell, American evangelist, conservative political activist (d. 2007) * August 14 ** Robert Harold Porter, Canadian businessman, farmer and politician (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Richard R. Ernst, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2021) * August 15 – Lori Nelson, American actress and model (d. 2020) * August 16 ** Julie Newmar, American actress (''Batman (TV series), Batman'') ** Stuart Roosa, American astronaut (d. 1994) ** Ricardo Blume, Peruvian-Mexican actor and theater director (d. 2020) * August 17 – Gene Kranz, American NASA Flight Director * August 18 ** Roman Polanski, Polish film director ** Fiachra Ó Ceallaigh, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * August 20 – George J. Mitchell, American lawyer, businessman, author and politician * August 21 – Janet Baker, Dame Janet Baker, English mezzo-soprano * August 23 – Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2022) * August 24 ** Guillermo Bredeston, Argentine actor (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Ham Richardson, American tennis player (d. 2006) *
August 25 Events Pre-1600 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
** Wayne Shorter, American jazz saxophonist and composer ** Tom Skerritt, American actor * August 27 – Kerstin Ekman, Swedish novelist * August 29 – Arnold Koller, Swiss Federal Councillor * August 31 – Claudio Rodríguez (actor), Claudio Rodríguez, Spanish voice actor (d. 2019)


September

* September 1 ** T. Thirunavukarasu, Sri Lankan Tamil politician (d. 1982) ** Conway Twitty, American country music artist (d. 1993) * September 2 ** Ed Conlin, American basketball player (d. 2012) ** Mathieu Kérékou, 5th President of Benin (d. 2015) * September 3 – Tompall Glaser, American singer (d. 2013) * September 8 – Asha Bhosle, Indian musician * September 9 – Michael Novak, American philosopher, author (d. 2017) * September 10 ** Yevgeny Khrunov, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2000) ** Karl Lagerfeld, German fashion designer, artist (d. 2019) * September 11 – William Luther Pierce, American author, activist (d. 2002) * September 13 – Mahant Swami Maharaj (b. Vinu Patel), Indian Hindu guru * September 14 – Hillevi Rombin, Swedish athlete, model and Miss Universe 1955 (d. 1996) * September 15 – Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Spanish conductor (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * September 17 ** Arsenio Corsellas, Spanish actor (d. 2019) ** Chuck Grassley, American politician ** Evelyn Kawamoto, American competition swimmer (d. 2017) ** Dorothy Loudon, American actress and singer (d. 2003) * September 18 ** Scotty Bowman, Canadian ice hockey coach ** Robert Blake (actor), Robert Blake, American actor ** Fred Willard, American actor and comedian (d. 2020) * September 19 – David McCallum, Scottish actor * September 21 – Anatoly Krutikov, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2019) * September 24 – Raffaele Farina, Italian cardinal, archivist of the Holy Roman Church * September 25 – Hubie Brown, American basketball coach, broadcaster * September 27 ** Kathleen Nolan, American actress ** Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987) * September 29 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (d. 1986) * September 30 ** Ajitesh Bandopadhyay, Indian actor, playwright and director (d. 1983) ** Cissy Houston, American singer ** Dirce Migliaccio, Brazilian actress (d. 2009)


October

* October 2 ** John Gurdon, British developmental biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ** Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (The Diamonds) (d. 2015) ** Waldo Von Erich, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 2009) * October 3 – Abdon Pamich, Italian Olympic athlete * October 9 – Peter Mansfield, British physicist and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel laureate (d. 2017) *
October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. *1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
– Jay Sebring, American hair stylist (d. 1969) * October 11 – Thomas Atcitty, American politician (d. 2020) *
October 13 Events Pre-1600 * 54 – Roman emperor Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son Nero, rather than by Britannicus, his son with Messalina. * 409 – Vandals and Alans cross the P ...
– Mark Zakharov, Soviet and Russian film and theater director (d. 2019) *
October 17 Events Pre-1600 * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty of China. *1091 – London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London. *1346 – The English capture King Davi ...
** William Anders, American astronaut ** Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun, known as "The Singing Nun" (d. 1985) * October 18 – Firuz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani politician (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * October 19 – Geraldo Majella Agnelo, Dom Geraldo Majella, Brazilian Roman Catholic Cardinal * October 24 ** Draga Olteanu Matei, Romanian actress (d. 2020) ** Reginald Kray, British gangster (d. 2000) ** Ronald Kray, British gangster (d. 1995) * October 27 – Jan Hettema, Springbok cyclist and five times South African National Rally Champion (d. 2016) * October 28 – Garrincha, Brazilian footballer (d. 1983)


November

* November 3 ** John Barry (composer), John Barry, British film score composer (d. 2011) ** Ken Berry, American actor, dancer and singer (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Jeremy Brett, British actor (d. 1995) ** Aneta Corsaut, American actress (d. 1995) ** Amartya Sen, Indian economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate ** C. K. Jaffer Sharief, Indian politician (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * November 4 – Charles K. Kao, Chinese electrical engineer, physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel laureate (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * November 6 ** Else Ackermann, German physician, pharmacologist and politician (d. 2019) ** Knut Johannesen, Norwegian speed-skater * November 9 – Lucian Pintilie, Romanian film director, screenwriter (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) * November 10 ** Don Clarke, New Zealand rugby football player (d. 2002) ** Seymour Nurse, Barbadian cricketer (d. 2019) * November 11 – Keiko Tanaka-Ikeda, Japanese artistic gymnast * November 14 – Fred Haise, American astronaut in Apollo 13 * November 21 – T. Rasalingam, Sri Lankan Tamil politician * November 23 – Krzysztof Penderecki, Polish composer and conductor (d. 2020) * November 25 ** Tunku Abdul Rahman (born 1933), Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysian aristocrat (d. 1988) ** Kathryn Crosby, American actress * November 26 – Robert Goulet, American entertainer (d. 2007) * November 28 – Hope Lange, American actress (d. 2003) * November 29 ** Francisco Cuoco, Brazilian actor ** John Mayall, English blues musician


December

* December 1 – Lou Rawls, American singer, songwriter, actor, voice actor and record producer (d. 2006) * December 2 – Mike Larrabee, American Olympic athlete (d. 2003) * December 3 – Paul J. Crutzen, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2021) * December 4 ** Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Queen of Malaysia (d. 1988) ** Horst Buchholz, German actor (d. 2003) ** Wink Martindale, American game show host and disc jockey * December 6 – Henryk Górecki, Polish composer (d. 2010) * December 8 – Johnny Green (basketball), Johnny Green, American basketball player * December 9 – Milton Gonçalves, Brazilian actor and television director (d. 2022) * December 10 – Mako (actor), Mako, Japanese-born actor (d. 2006) * December 11 – Aquilino Pimentel Jr., Filipino politician (d. 2019) * December 12 – Manu Dibango, Cameroonian saxophonist (d. 2020) * December 13 – Lou Adler, American film and record producer * December 14 ** Justin Rakotoniaina, 3rd prime minister of Madagascar (d. 2001) ** Eva Wilma, Brazilian actress (d. 2021) * December 15 ** Tim Conway, American actor and comedian (d. 2019) ** Ralph T. O'Neal, 4th and 6th Premier of the Virgin Islands (d. 2019) * December 17 – Shirley Abrahamson, American jurist, Chief Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court (d. 2020) * December 18 – Lonnie Brooks, American blues singer and guitarist (d. 2017) * December 19 – Galina Volchek, Soviet and Russian actress (d. 2019) * December 20 – Jean Carnahan, American politician * December 22 – Abel Pacheco, 44th President of Costa Rica *
December 23 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – The Arian Vandal Kingdom ceases its persecution of Nicene Christianity. * 558 – Chlothar I is crowned King of the Franks. * 583 – Maya queen Yohl Ik'nal is crowned ruler of Palenque. * 962 &ndas ...
– Akihito, 125th List of Emperors of Japan, Emperor of Japan * December 25 – Phan Văn Khải, 5th Prime Minister of Vietnam (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) *
December 26 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. * 1481 – Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Bu ...
** Emmanuel Dabbaghian, Syrian Armenian Catholic patriarch (d.
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
) ** Caroll Spinney, American puppeteer (d. 2019) * December 30 – Andy Stewart (musician), Andy Stewart, Scottish singer, entertainer (d. 1993)


Date unknown

* Jalal Talabani, Kurdish President of Iraq (d. 2017)


Deaths


January

* January 3 ** Wilhelm Cuno, German businessman, politician and 15th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876) ** Jack Pickford, Canadian-born actor, film director and producer (b. 1896) * January 5 **Calvin Coolidge, 30th
President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...
(b. 1872) **J. M. Robertson, British Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party politician, writer and journalist, Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade (b. 1856) * January 7 – Bert Hinkler, Australian pioneer aviator (b. 1892) * January 9 ** Kate Gleason, American engineer (b. 1865) ** Daphne Akhurst, Australian tennis champion (b. 1903) * January 10 – Roberto Mantovani, Italian geologist (b. 1854) *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
– Louis Comfort Tiffany, American stained glass artist, jewelry designer, son of Charles Lewis Tiffany * January 25 – Lewis J. Selznick, American film producer (b. 1870) * January 29 ** Thomas Coward, British ornithologist (b. 1867) ** Sara Teasdale, American lyrical poet (b. 1884) * January 31 – John Galsworthy, British writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)


February

* February 5 ** James Banning, American aviation pioneer (b. 1900) ** Josiah Thomas (politician), Josiah Thomas, Australian politician (b. 1863) * February 12 ** Henri Duparc (composer), Henri Duparc, French composer (b. 1848) ** Sir Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet, William Robertson, British field marshal (b. 1860) * February 14 – Carl Correns, German botanist, geneticist (b. 1864) * February 15 – Pat Sullivan (film producer), Pat Sullivan, Australian-born director, producer of animated films (b. 1885) * February 18 – James J. Corbett, American boxer (b. 1866) * February 26 ** Spottiswoode Aitken, British-American actor (b. 1868) ** Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia (b. 1866) * February 27 – Walter Hiers, American actor (b. 1893)


March

* March 1 – Uładzimir Žyłka, Belarusian poet (b. 1900) * March 2 - Thomas J. Walsh, American politician (b. 1859) * March 6 **
Anton Cermak Anton Joseph Cermak ( cs, Antonín Josef Čermák, ; May 9, 1873 – March 6, 1933) was an American politician who served as the 44th mayor of Chicago, Illinois from April 7, 1931 until his death on March 6, 1933. He was killed by an assassin, ...
, Mayor of Chicago, Illinois (assassinated) (b. 1873) ** Cyril R. Jandus, American lawyer and politician (b. 1867) *
March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a ...
– Ahmed Sharif as-Senussi, Chief of the Senussi order in Libya (b. 1873) *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
** Andon Dimitrov, Bulgarian revolutionary leader (b. 1867) ** Robert T. A. Innes, South African astronomer (b. 1861) * March 14 ** Balto, American sled dog (b. 1919) ** Antonio Garbasso, Italian physicist, politician (b. 1871) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 *474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odo ...
- Gustavo Jiménez, Interim President of Peru (b. 1886) * March 18 – Prince Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi, Italian mountaineer, explorer and admiral (b. 1873) *March 19 - Erhard Heiden, German Nazi officer and 3rd commander Reichsführer-SS of the Schutzstaffel (b. 1901) *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...
Giuseppe Zangara Giuseppe Zangara (September 7, 1900 – March 20, 1933) was an Italian immigrant and naturalized United States citizen who attempted to assassinate the President-elect of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, on February 15, 1933, 17 ...
, American attempted assassin of
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
(b. 1900) * March 26 – Eddie Lang, American musician (b. 1902) * March 30 – Dan O'Connor (prospector), Dan O'Connor, Canadian prospector (b. 1864) * March 31 – Baltasar Brum, 23rd President of Uruguay (b. 1883)


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford, British politician and colonial governor, Viceroy of India (b. 1868) *
April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. J ...
– Ranjitsinhji, Indian cricketer and ruler of Nawanagar State, Nawanagar. (b. 1872) * April 4 – William A. Moffett, U.S. admiral (crash of airship ) (b. 1869) *
April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...
- Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria (b. 1860) *April 15 - Mary Isabella Macleod, North American pioneer (b. 1852) * April 17 – Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (b. 1876) * April 20 - William Courtenay (actor), William Courtenay, Canadian actor, director (b. 1875) * April 22 ** Prince Ludwig Philipp of Thurn and Taxis (b. 1901) ** Henry Royce, Sir Henry Royce, English car manufacturer (b. 1863) * April 23 – Tim Keefe, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1857) * April 30 – Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, 77th Prime Minister of Peru, 48th President of Peru (assassinated) (b. 1889)


May

*
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
– Leonard Huxley (writer), Leonard Huxley, British writer (b. 1860) *
May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. * 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...
– Frederick Kerr, English actor (b. 1858) * May 6 – Li Ching-Yuen, Chinese herbalist, martial artist and tactical advisor * May 13 – Ernest Torrence, British actor (b. 1878) * May 15 – Hermann von François, German general (b. 1856) * May 16 – John Henry Mackay, German writer (b. 1864) * May 19 – Thomas J. O'Brien (Michigan politician), Thomas J. O'Brien, American politician, diplomat (b. 1842) * May 22 – Sándor Ferenczi, Hungarian psychoanalyst (b. 1873) * May 24 ** Ludovic Arrachart, French aviator (b. 1897) ** Percy C. Mather, British Protestant missionary (b. 1882) ** Rosslyn Wemyss, 1st Baron Wester Wemyss, British admiral (b. 1864) * May 26 ** Horatio Bottomley, British politician and businessman (b. 1860) ** Jimmie Rodgers (country singer), Jimmie Rodgers, American country singer (b. 1897)


June

* June 2 – Frank Jarvis (athlete), Frank Jarvis, American athlete (b. 1878) * June 7 – Cyrus H. K. Curtis, American publisher (b. 1850) * June 15 - Hildegard Burjan, German Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1883) * June 18 - Harry Sweet, American actor and director (b. 1901) * June 21
Halbert Benton Cole
Georgetown University Law School Alumni, American Attorney in Black River Falls, Wi and Hamilton, Montana (b. 1879]
Cole, H.B.
*
June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
** Jean Cugnot, French Olympic cyclist (b. 1899) ** Giovanni Giacometti, Swiss painter (b. 1868) * June 29 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American actor, comedian, film director and screenwriter (b. 1887)


July

* July 3 ** Hipólito Yrigoyen, 18th President of Argentina (b. 1852) ** Franz Wilhelm Seiwert, German painter, sculptor (b. 1894) *
July 6 Events Pre-1600 * 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility. * 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt ...
- Robert Kajanus, Finnish conductor and composer (b. 1856) * July 11 - Edward Dillon (actor), Edward Dillon, American actor, director (b. 1879) *
July 15 Events Pre-1600 *484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome * 70 – First Jewish–Roman War: Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. ( 17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar). * 756 – ...
** Irving Babbitt, American literary critic (b. 1865) ** Freddie Keppard, American jazz musician (b. 1890) ** Léon de Witte de Haelen, Belgian general (b. 1857) * July 18 – Charles Prince (actor), Charles Prince, French actor (b. 1872) * July 27 – Nobuyoshi Mutō, Japanese field marshal, ambassador (b. 1868)


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Sulejman Delvina, Albanian politician, 5th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1884) * August 10 – Alf Morgans, Australian politician, 4th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1850) * August 13 – Hasan Prishtina, Albanian politician, 8th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1873) * August 18 – James Williamson (film pioneer), James Williamson, British film director (b. 1855) * August 22 – Alexandros Kontoulis, Greek general (b. 1858) * August 23 ** Marie Cahill, American singer, actress (b. 1866) ** Adolf Loos, Austrian-Czechoslovak architect (b. 1870) *
August 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple. * 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. *1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...
– Kustaa Ahmala, Finnish politician (b. 1867)


September

* September 2 – Francesco de Pinedo, Italian aviator (b. 1890) * September 7 – Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, British statesman (b. 1862) * September 8 – King Faisal I of Iraq (b. 1885) * September 10 – Giuseppe Campari, Italian opera singer, Grand Prix driver (b. 1892) * September 17 ** Jules Culot, French entomologist (b. 1861) ** Joseph De Piro, Maltese Roman Catholic priest, missionary and Servant of God (b. 1877) * September 20 – Annie Besant, British Theosophist, women's rights activist, writer and orator (b. 1847) * September 21 – Kenji Miyazawa, Japanese novelist and poet of children's literature (b. 1896) * September 24 – Dorothea Baird, British actress (b. 1875) * September 25 ** Paul Ehrenfest, Austrian-Dutch physicist (b. 1880) ** Ring Lardner, American writer (b. 1885) *
September 26 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. * 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. *1087 – William II is crown ...
– William Kennedy-Cochran-Patrick, British-born flying ace (b. 1896) * September 28 ** Alexander von Krobatin, Austro-Hungarian field marshal and politician (b. 1849) ** G. R. S. Mead, British writer (b. 1863)


October

* October 4 – Edward Lyon Buchwalter, American Union captain and businessman (b. 1841) * October 5 – Renée Adorée, French actress (b. 1898) *
October 7 Events Pre-1600 * 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar. * 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon. * 1477 ...
– Jo Labadie, American labor organizer (b. 1850) *
October 16 Events Pre-1600 * 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire. * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire. * ...
– Ismael Montes, Bolivian general and political figure, 26th President of Bolivia (b. 1861) * October 27 - Emily Murphy, Canadian woman's rights activist (b. 1868) * October 29 ** George Luks, American painter (b. 1867) ** Albert Calmette, French bacteriologist, immunologist (b. 1863) ** Paul Painlevé, French mathematician and statesman, 62nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1863)


November

* November 3 – Pierre Paul Émile Roux, French physician (b. 1853) * November 5 – Texas Guinan, American actress, producer and entrepreneur (b. 1884) * November 6 – Andrey Lyapchev, 22nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1866) *
November 8 Events Pre-1600 * 960 – Battle of Andrassos: Byzantines under Leo Phokas the Younger score a crushing victory over the Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo, Sayf al-Dawla. *1278 – Trần Thánh Tông, the second emperor of the Trần dynasty, ...
** Pietro Albertoni, Italian psychologist, politician (b. 1849) ** Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (b. 1883) *
November 16 Events Pre-1600 * 951 – Emperor Li Jing sends a Southern Tang expeditionary force of 10,000 men under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing removes the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing, ending the Chu Kingdom. *1272 – Whi ...
– Kyrillos III of Cyprus, archbishop of the Cypriot Orthodox Church (b. 1859) * November 18 - Francisco Javier Gaxiola, Mexican diplomat, lawyer and politician (b. 1870) * November 20 - Augustine Birrell, English politician and author (b. 1850) * November 21 - Inez Clough, American actress (b. 1873) * November 23 – François Albert, French journalist (b. 1874) * November 30 – Arthur Currie, Sir Arthur Currie, Canadian general (b. 1875)


December

* December 2 ** Clarence Burton, American actor (b. 1882) ** Émile Meyerson, Polish-French epistemologist, chemist and philosopher (b. 1859) * December 4 – Stefan George, German poet (b. 1868) * December 6 – Auguste Chapuis, French composer (b. 1858) * December 8 ** Yamamoto Gonnohyoe, Imperial Japanese army officer, 8th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1852) ** Karl Jatho, German airplane pioneer (b. 1873) ** John Joly, Irish physicist (b. 1857) * December 10 – János Hadik, 19th prime minister of Hungary (b. 1863) * December 16 – Robert W. Chambers, American writer (b. 1865) * December 17 **Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama (b. 1876) **Oskar Potiorek, Austro-Hungarian general (b. 1853) * December 18 – Hans Vaihinger, German philosopher (b. 1852) * December 19 ** George Jackson Churchward, English Great Western Railway chief mechanical engineer (b. 1857) ** Friedrich von Ingenohl, German admiral (b. 1857) *
December 21 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69 – The Roman Senate declares Vespasian emperor of Rome, the last in the Year of the Four Emperors. *1124 – Pope Honorius II is consecrated, having been elected after the controversial dethroning of Pope Celes ...
** Dora Montefiore, English suffragist and socialist (b. 1851) ** Knud Rasmussen, Danish polar explorer and anthropologist (b. 1879) ** Tod Sloan (jockey), Tod Sloan, American jockey (b. 1874) * December 24 – Prince Aribert of Anhalt * December 25 – Francesc Macia, Francesc Macià, President of the Generalitat (autonomous government of Catalonia) (b. 1859) *
December 26 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. * 1481 – Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Bu ...
** Anatoly Lunacharsky, Russian Marxist revolutionary (b. 1875) ** Eduard Vilde, Estonian writer (b. 1865) *
December 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. * ...
– Ion G. Duca, 35th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1879)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Erwin Schrödinger and Paul Dirac, Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – not awarded * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Thomas Hunt Morgan * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Norman Angell, Sir Norman Angell (Ralph Lane)


References


External links


The 1930s Timeline: 1933
– from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia {{DEFAULTSORT:1933 1933,