Victor Licata
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Victor Licata
Victor Licata (c. 1912 – December 4, 1950) was an American mass murderer who used an axe to kill his family in Ybor City, Tampa, Florida, on October 16, 1933. The killings, which were reported by the media as the work of an "axe-murdering marijuana addict", were abused as '' prima facie'' evidence that there was a link between recreational drugs, such as cannabis, and crime. This led to the killings being abused in 1930s anti-drug campaigns against marijuana. Modern researchers have found that marijuana was never mentioned in any of Licata's psychiatric reports or considered a factor in the killings. Instead it was established that the young man had been identified as mentally ill and there had been steps to incarcerate him before the murders. Two weeks after the murder of his family, 21-year-old Licata was declared unfit to stand trial for reasons of insanity and committed to the Florida State Hospital for the Insane. He escaped, was later recaptured and hanged himself in pr ...
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Ybor City
Ybor City ( ) is a historic neighborhood just northeast of downtown Tampa, downtown Tampa, Florida, United States. It was founded in the 1880s by Vicente Martinez-Ybor and other cigar manufacturers and populated by thousands of immigrants, mainly from Cuba, Spain, and Italy. For the next 50 years, workers in Ybor City's cigar factories rolled hundreds of millions of cigars annually. Ybor City was unique in the American South as a successful town almost entirely populated and owned by immigrants. The neighborhood had features unusual among contemporary communities in the south, most notably its multiethnic and multiracial population and their many mutual aid societies. The cigar industry employed thousands of well-paid workers, helping Tampa grow from an economically depressed village to a bustling city in about 20 years and giving it the nickname "Cigar City". Ybor City grew and flourished from the 1890s until the Great Depression of the 1930s, when a drop in demand for fine ciga ...
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Tampa Police Department
The Tampa Police Department (TPD) is the primary law enforcement agency for the city of Tampa, Florida. The Tampa Police Department has over 1,000 authorized sworn law enforcement personnel positions and more than 350 civilian and support staff personnel positions. The current acting police chief is Lee Bercaw. Uniformed officers are deployed on a four days on, four days off work cycle, with an average of twelve officers per squad. History In 1855 the first official law enforcement position created was City Marshal by an act to incorporate the City of Tampa. Over the next 18 years the City Marshall's duties and responsibilities were expanded to include summoning members of patrol by midnight along with examining and recording marks and brands on butchered cattle. In 1886, the first police force was created in Tampa by passage of another city ordinance and thus began the Tampa Police Department some fifty-one years after the first police force in America was created. Tampa' ...
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world's most populous megacities. Los Angeles is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Southern California. With a population of roughly 3.9 million residents within the city limits , Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic and cultural diversity, being the home of the Hollywood film industry, and its sprawling metropolitan area. The city of Los Angeles lies in a basin in Southern California adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the west and extending through the Santa Monica Mountains and north into the San Fernando Valley, with the city bordering the San Gabriel Valley to it's east. It covers about , and is the county seat of Los Angeles County, which is the most populous county in the United States with an estim ...
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Dwain Esper
Dwain Atkins Esper (October 7, 1894 – October 18, 1982) was an American director and producer of exploitation films. Biography A veteran of World War I, Esper worked as a building contractor before switching to the film business in the mid-1920s. He produced and directed inexpensive pictures with titles like ''Maniac (1934 film), Sex Maniac'', ''Marihuana (1936 film), Marihuana'', and ''How to Undress in Front of Your Husband''. To enhance the appeal of these low-budget features, he included scenes containing gratuitous nudity and violence that led some to label him the "father of modern exploitation." Esper's wife, Hildagarde Stadie, wrote many of the scripts for his films. They employed extravagant promotional techniques that included exhibiting the mummified body of notorious Oklahoma outlaw Elmer McCurdy before it was acquired by Dan Sonney. ''Maniac'' (1934) ''Maniac (1934 film), Maniac'', also known as ''Sex Maniac'', an exploitation film, exploitation/horror film di ...
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George Hirliman
George Hirliman (1901–1952) was a film producer. Biography Hirliman was born September 8, 1901, in Fort Lee, New Jersey. He married Eleanor Hunt, an actress. The couple adopted Georgelle Hirliman in 1936, and later gave birth to daughter Kathy Hirliman in 1942. He started his career at the Life Photo Film Corporation as an office boy and worked his way up to film director at Hirlagraph Motion Pictures, the largest film lab at that time. In 1924, his production company purchased the Solax Studios and renovated the two stages, and studios. The studio building was later destroyed in a fire. When he moved to Hollywood, he worked five years at Consolidated Films working on production and financing. During his tenure there, he made 30 feature films. In 1935, Hirliman produced ''De la Sarten a Fuego / From the Frying Pan into the Fire'', an English and duel Spanish production. In 1936, he produced ''Reefer Madness'' and a series of four "G-Man" films starring his wife. In 1936 ...
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Arthur Hoerl
Arthur Hoerl (December 17, 1891 – February 6, 1968) was an American screenwriter and film director. Hoerl was born in New York, son of Louis Hoerl, a German immigrant silver polisher, and Teresa Hoerl. Arthur completed three years of high school, according to the 1940 US Census. He wrote for 150 films between 1921 and 1968. One of his best known credits is co-writer for the film ''Tell Your Children'' (1936) which is now known as ''Reefer Madness''. For Broadway, 1932, he wrote the play ''A Few Wild Oats.'' He also directed four films between 1932 and 1934. Hoerl died in Hollywood, California. Partial filmography * ''The Desert Sheik'' (1924), co-writer * ''Headlines'' (1925), co-writer * ''The White Monkey'' (1925), adapted to film * ''The Pride of the Force'' (1925) * ''Counsel for the Defense'' (1925) * '' Lover's Island'' (1925) * ''The Unfair Sex'' (1926) * ''The Smoke Eaters'' (1926) * ''The Romance of a Million Dollars'' (1926) * ''In Search of a Hero'' (1926) * ...
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Louis J
Louis may refer to: * Louis (coin) * Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name * Louis (surname) * Louis (singer), Serbian singer * HMS Louis, HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy See also

Derived or associated terms * Lewis (other) * Louie (other) * Luis (other) * Louise (other) * Louisville (other) * Louis Cruise Lines * Louis dressing, for salad * Louis Quinze, design style Associated names * * Chlodwig, the origin of the name Ludwig, which is translated to English as "Louis" * Ladislav and László - names sometimes erroneously associated with "Louis" * Ludovic, Ludwig (other), Ludwig, Ludwick, Ludwik, names sometimes translated to English as "Louis" {{disambiguation ...
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Reefer Madness
''Reefer Madness'' (originally made as ''Tell Your Children'' and sometimes titled ''The Burning Question'', ''Dope Addict'', ''Doped Youth'', and ''Love Madness'') is a 1936 American propaganda film about drugs, revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana upon trying it, they become addicted, eventually leading them to become involved in various crimes such as a hit and run accident, manslaughter, murder, conspiracy to murder and attempted rape. While this is all happening they suffer hallucinations, descend into insanity, associate with organized crime and (in one character's case) commit suicide. The film was directed by Louis J. Gasnier and featured a cast of mainly little-known actors. Originally financed by a church group under the title ''Tell Your Children,'' the film was intended to be shown to parents as a morality tale attempting to teach them about the dangers of cannabis use. Soon after the fil ...
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Exploitation Film
An exploitation film is a film that tries to succeed financially by exploiting current trends, niche genres, or lurid content. Exploitation films are generally low-quality "B movies", though some set trends, attract critical attention, become historically important, and even gain a cult following. History Exploitation films may feature suggestive or explicit sex, sensational violence, drug use, nudity, gore, destruction, rebellion, mayhem, and the bizarre. Such films were first seen in their modern form in the early 1920s, but they were popularized in the 60s and 70s with the general relaxing of censorship and cinematic taboos in the U.S. and Europe. An early example, the 1933 film Ecstasy, included nude scenes featuring the Austrian actress Hedy Lamarr. The film proved popular at the box office but caused concern for the American cinema trade association, the MPPDA. Hildegard Esper and Dwain Esper are husband and wife film directors and producers who made some of the most ...
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Cause Célèbre
A cause célèbre (,''Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged'', 12th Edition, 2014. S.v. "cause célèbre". Retrieved November 30, 2018 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cause+c%c3%a9l%c3%a8bre ,''Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary''. S.v. "cause célèbre." Retrieved November 30, 2018 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cause+c%c3%a9l%c3%a8bre ; pl. causes célèbres, pronounced like singular) is an issue or incident arousing widespread controversy, outside campaigning, and heated public debate. The term continues in the media in all senses. It is sometimes used positively for celebrated legal cases for their precedent value (each ''locus classicus'' or "case-in-point") and more often negatively for infamous ones, whether for scale, outrage, scandal, or conspiracy theories. The term is a French phrase in common usage in English. Since it has been fully adopted into English and is included unitalicized in English dictionaries,''American ...
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Poynter Institute
The Poynter Institute for Media Studies is a non-profit journalism school and research organization in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. The school is the owner of the ''Tampa Bay Times'' newspaper and the International Fact-Checking Network. It also operates PolitiFact. History Founding The school began on May 29, 1975, when Nelson Poynter, the owner and chairman of the ''St. Petersburg Times'' (now the ''Tampa Bay Times'') and Times Publishing Company, announced that he planned to start a small journalism school called the ''Modern Media Institute''. (The name of the school was changed to the Poynter Institute almost a decade later.) In 1977, Nelson Poynter willed ownership of the Times Publishing Company to the Institute so that after his death the school would become the owner of the ''St. Petersburg Times''. Poynter died on June 15, 1978, at the age of 74. He had become ill in his office just a few hours after he helped break ground for the new St. Petersburg ca ...
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Dementia Praecox
Dementia praecox (meaning a "premature dementia" or "precocious madness") is a disused psychiatric diagnosis that originally designated a chronic, deteriorating psychotic disorder characterized by rapid cognitive disintegration, usually beginning in the late teens or early adulthood. Over the years, the term ''dementia praecox'' was gradually replaced by ''schizophrenia'', which remains in current diagnostic use. The term ''dementia praecox'' was first used in 1891 by Arnold Pick (1851–1924), a professor of psychiatry at Charles University in Prague. In a brief clinical report, he described a person with a psychotic disorder resembling "hebephrenia" (schizophrenia). German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin (1856–1926) popularised the term ''dementia praecox'' in his first detailed textbook descriptions of a condition that eventually became a different disease concept later relabeled as ''schizophrenia''. Kraepelin reduced the complex psychiatric taxonomies of the nineteenth centur ...
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